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Development Of An Advanced Continuous Mild Gasification Process For The Production Of Co Products Tasks 2 3 And 41 To 46 Volume 2 Final Report
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Book Synopsis Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products (Tasks 2, 3, and 4.1 to 4.6), Volume 2. Final Report by :
Download or read book Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products (Tasks 2, 3, and 4.1 to 4.6), Volume 2. Final Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 2 contains information on the following topics: (1) Mild Gasification Technology Development: Process Research Unit Tests Using Slipstream Sampling; (2) Bench-Scale Char Upgrading Study; (3) Mild Gasification Technology Development: System Integration Studies. (VC).
Book Synopsis Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products (Tasks 2, 3, and 4. 1 to 4. 6) by :
Download or read book Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products (Tasks 2, 3, and 4. 1 to 4. 6) written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 2 contains information on the following topics: (1) Mild Gasification Technology Development: Process Research Unit Tests Using Slipstream Sampling; (2) Bench-Scale Char Upgrading Study; (3) Mild Gasification Technology Development: System Integration Studies. (VC).
Book Synopsis Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products by :
Download or read book Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on mild gasification is discussed. The report is divided into three sections: literature survey of mild gasification processes; literature survey of char, condensibles, and gas upgrading and utilization methods; and industrial market assessment of products of mild gasification. Recommendations are included in each section. (CBS) 248 refs., 58 figs., 62 tabs.
Book Synopsis Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products (Task 1) by :
Download or read book Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products (Task 1) written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under US DOE sponsorship, a project team consisting of the Institute of Gas Technology, Peabody Holding Company, and Bechtel Group, Inc. has been developing an advanced, mild gasification process to process all types of coal and to produce solid and condensable liquid co-products that can open new markets for coal. The three and a half year program (September 1987 to June 1991) consisted of investigations in four main areas. These areas are: (1) Literature Survey of Mild Gasification Processes, Co-Product Upgrading and Utilization, and Market Assessment; (2) Mild Gasification Technology Development: Process Research Unit Tests Using Slipstream Sampling; (3) Bench-Scale Char Upgrading Study; (4) Mild Gasification Technology Development: System Integration Studies. In this report, the literature and market assessment of mild gasification processes are discussed.
Book Synopsis Development of an Advanced Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Coproducts by :
Download or read book Development of an Advanced Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Coproducts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Morgantown Energy Technology Center (METC) of DOE has sponsored, and continues to sponsor, programs for the development of technology and market strategies which will lead to the commercialization of processes for the production of coproducts from mild gasification of coal. It has been recognized by DOE and industry that mild gasification is a promising technology with potential to economically convert coal into marketable products, thereby increasing domestic coal utilization. In this process, coal is devolatilized under non- oxidizing conditions at mild temperature (900--1100°F) and pressure (1--15psig). Condensation of the vapor will yield a liquid product that can be upgraded to a petroleum substitute, and the remaining gas can provide the fuel for the process. The residual char can be burned in a power plant. Thus, in a long-term national scenario, implementation of this process will result in significant decrease of imported oil and increase in coal utilization.
Book Synopsis Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products by :
Download or read book Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The char produced in the 100-lb/hr process development unit has been magnetically cleaned by AMAX and returned to the Energy and Environmental Research Center (EERC). The final calcining step of the process is currently being performed in the 4-lb/hr continuous fluidized-bed reactor (CFBR). The liquid products generated by the PDU have been collected and split into usable fractions and fractions to be discarded. Samples of the coal-derived liquids have been sent to Merichem Corporation of Houston and Koppers Industries of Pittsburgh for determination of their usefulness as chemical feedstock for the production of cresylic acids and anode-grade-binder pitch. The technical and economic assessment performed by Xbi and J.E Sinor Consultants has been completed. The briquette testing being conducted at the EERC has produced high quality briquettes using a number of binder agents. The next step in the test matrix will include the use of coal-derived liquids from the PDU as the binder. An additional coal has been added to the mild gasification test matrix. AMAX recently acquired two eastern low-sulfur bituminous coals and suggested that a limited test schedule be conducted to determine the suitability of these coals for the mild gasification process. The sulfur levels in the raw coals are below the target levels suggested by the steel industry for metallurgical coke use. To date, it has not been possible to reach these goals using the high-sulfur Illinois Basin coals tested.
Book Synopsis Development of an Advanced Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Coproducts by :
Download or read book Development of an Advanced Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Coproducts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Western Research Institute (WRI) teamed with the AMAX Research and Development Center and Riley Stoker Corporation on Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild-Gasification Process for the Production of Coproducts under contract DE-AC21-87MC24268 with the Morgantown Energy Technology of the US Department of Energy. The strategy for this project is to produce electrode binder pitch and diesel fuel blending stock by mild gasification of Wyodak coal. The char is upgraded to produce anode-grade carbon, carbon black, and activated carbon. This report describes results of mild-gasification tests conducted by WRI. Char upgrading tests conducted by AMAX will be described in a separate report.
Book Synopsis Development of an Advanced Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products. Final Report, September 1987--September 1996 by :
Download or read book Development of an Advanced Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products. Final Report, September 1987--September 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Char, the major co-product of mild coal gasification, represents about 70 percent of the total product yield. The only viable use for the char is in the production of formed coke. Early work to develop formed coke used char from a pilot plant sized mild gasification unit (MGU), which was based on commercial units of the COALITE plant in England. Formed coke was made at a bench-scale production level using MGU chars from different coals. An evolutionary formed coke development process over a two-year period resulted in formed coke production at bench-scale levels that met metallurgical industries' specifications. In an ASTM D5341 reactivity test by a certified lab, the coke tested CRI 30.4 and CSR 67.0 which is excellent. The standard is CRI 32 and CSR 55. In 1991, a continuous 1000 pounds per hour coal feed mild coal gasification pilot plant (CMGU) was completed. The gasification unit is a heated unique screw conveyor designed to continuously process plastic coal, vent volatiles generated by pyrolysis of coal, and convert the plastic coal to free flowing char. The screw reactor auxiliary components are basic solids materials handling equipment. The screw reactor will convert coal to char and volatile co-products at a rate greater than 1000 pounds per hour of coal feed. Formed coke from CMGU char is comparable to that from the MGU char. In pilot-plant test runs, up to 20 tons of foundry coke were produced. Three formed coke tests at commercial foundries were successful. In all of the cupola tests, the iron temperature and composition data indicated that the formed coke performed satisfactorily. No negative change in the way the cupola performed was noticed. The last 20-ton test was 100 percent CTC/DOE coke. With conventional coke in this cupola charging rates were 10 charges per hour. The formed coke charges were 11 to 12 charges per hour. This equates to a higher melt rate. A 10 percent increase in cupola production would be a major advantage. 13 figs., 13 tabs.
Book Synopsis Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products. Task 4.6, Economic Evaluation by :
Download or read book Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products. Task 4.6, Economic Evaluation written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principal finding of this study was the high capital cost and poor financial performance predicted for the size and configuration of the plant design presented. The XBi financial assessment gave a disappointingly low base-case discounted cash flow rate of return (DCFRR) of only 8.1% based on a unit capital cost of $900 per ton year (tpy) for their 129,000 tpy design. This plant cost is in reasonable agreement with the preliminary estimates developed by J.E. Sinor Associates for a 117,000 tpy plant based on the FMC process with similar auxiliaries (Sinor, 1989), for which a unit capital costs of $938 tpy was predicted for a design that included char beneficiation and coal liquids upgrading--or about $779 tpy without the liquid upgrading facilities. The XBi assessment points out that a unit plant cost of $900 tpy is about three times the cost for a conventional coke oven, and therefore, outside the competitive range for commercialization. Modifications to improve process economics could involve increasing plant size, expanding the product slate that XBi has restricted to form coke and electricity, and simplifying the plant flow sheet by eliminating marginally effective cleaning steps and changing other key design parameters. Improving the financial performance of the proposed formed coke design to the level of a 20% DCFRR based on increased plant size alone would require a twenty-fold increase to a coal input of 20,000 tpd and a coke production of about 2.6 minion tpy--a scaling exponent of 0.70 to correct plant cost in relation to plant size.
Book Synopsis Development of an Advanced Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products. Quarterly Progress Report, July--September 1995 by :
Download or read book Development of an Advanced Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products. Quarterly Progress Report, July--September 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eight tons of CTC/DOE formed coke of 6 inches x 5 inches x 4 inches size were produced in the PDU. This coke will be tested at 100 percent formed coke charge in a commercial size foundry. A scheduled test run was postponed due to production requirements at the foundry. Foundry coke was produced from weakly coking Colorado coal. Blending of this coal with 40 percent of stronger caking, higher rank coals was required. Western coal from the Rosebud seam was pyrolyzed to upgrade this low rank, high moisture coal. The objective is to improve the coal as a fuel and to determine if an acceptable char or coke can be produced from this coal.
Book Synopsis Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products. Quarterly Report, October 1, 1992--December 31, 1992 by :
Download or read book Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products. Quarterly Report, October 1, 1992--December 31, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A 70-pound continuous coke sample was prepared for testing by a major conventional coke producer. Test results were encouraging, but a suggestion was made to produce larger briquettes. Work is underway to produce 6in. x 5in. x 3.75in. briquettes with plans to crush these briquettes to plus 2-inch x minus 3-inch irregular shaped coke. Work continued to provide a coke reactivity test instrument at CTC. A new vessel was fabricated of Haynes HR-160 which will withstand temperatures up to 2300°F. A total of 11 CMGU test runs were completed. Coal feed rates of over 1000 pounds per hour for short periods were obtained. Average feed rates of over 800 pounds per hour were reached for two test runs. The jet burners heating the insides of the screws' shafts made these higher rates possible. Three test runs were made using 28 x 100 mesh Penelec filter cake with the objective of upgrading this coal processing byproduct to coke. Improvements to the PDU continued with two condensers' modifications and improved packing gland seals.
Book Synopsis Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products. Task 4.8, Decontamination and Disassembly of the Mild Gasification Process Research Unit and Disposal of Co-products by :
Download or read book Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products. Task 4.8, Decontamination and Disassembly of the Mild Gasification Process Research Unit and Disposal of Co-products written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prior to disassembly of the CFBR, accumulated tar residue must be removed from the reactor, piping and tubing lines, and the condenser vessels. Based on experience from the CFBR mild gasification tests, lacquer thinner must be pumped through the unit for at least one hour to remove the residual tar. The lacquer thinner wash may be followed by a water wash. The CFBR will be disassembled after the system has been thoroughly flushed out. The following equipment must be disassembled and removed for storage: Superheater; Water supply pump; Coal feed system (hopper, auger, ball feeder, valves); Reactor; Cyclone and fines catch pot; Condensers (water lines, glycol bath, condenser pots, valves); and Gas meter. After the process piping and reactor have been disassembled, the equipment will be inspected for tar residues and flushed again with acetone or lacquer thinner, if necessary. All solvent used for cleaning the system will be collected for recycle or proper disposal. Handling and disposal of the solvent will be properly documented. The equipment will be removed and stored for future use. Equipment contaminated externally with tar (Level 4) will be washed piece by piece with lacquer thinner after disassembly of the PRU. Proper health and safety practices must be followed by the personnel involved in the cleanup operation. Care must be taken to avoid ingestion, inhalation, or prolonged skin contact of the coal tars and lacquer thinner. Equipment contaminated internally by accumulation of residual tar or oil (Level 5) will be flushed section by section with lacquer thinner. The equipment will be washed with solvent both before and after disassembly to ensure that all tar has been removed from the piping, pumps, gas quench condensers, light tar condensers, and drain lines. The coal tars wig be separated from the solvent and incinerated.
Book Synopsis Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, April--June 1992 by :
Download or read book Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products. Quarterly Technical Progress Report, April--June 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The char produced in the 100-lb/hr process development unit has been magnetically cleaned by AMAX and returned to the Energy and Environmental Research Center (EERC). The final calcining step of the process is currently being performed in the 4-lb/hr continuous fluidized-bed reactor (CFBR). The liquid products generated by the PDU have been collected and split into usable fractions and fractions to be discarded. Samples of the coal-derived liquids have been sent to Merichem Corporation of Houston and Koppers Industries of Pittsburgh for determination of their usefulness as chemical feedstock for the production of cresylic acids and anode-grade-binder pitch. The technical and economic assessment performed by Xbi and J.E Sinor Consultants has been completed. The briquette testing being conducted at the EERC has produced high quality briquettes using a number of binder agents. The next step in the test matrix will include the use of coal-derived liquids from the PDU as the binder. An additional coal has been added to the mild gasification test matrix. AMAX recently acquired two eastern low-sulfur bituminous coals and suggested that a limited test schedule be conducted to determine the suitability of these coals for the mild gasification process. The sulfur levels in the raw coals are below the target levels suggested by the steel industry for metallurgical coke use. To date, it has not been possible to reach these goals using the high-sulfur Illinois Basin coals tested.
Book Synopsis Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products. Quarterly Report, April--June 1995 by :
Download or read book Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products. Quarterly Report, April--June 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research and development effort was to develop an advanced, continuous ''mild gasification'' process. The relative quantities and properties of the products are appropriate for making the concept economically and environmentally viable. In ''mild gasification, '' coal is converted under relatively mild conditions of temperature and pressure in the absence of air into products which include a high heating value gas, high aromatic condensibles, char and coke all with physical and chemical properties suitable for the anticipated end uses. Two tons of CTC/DOE continuous coke of 6 in. x 5 in. x 4 in. size was produced in the Pilot Demonstration Unit. This coke was tested under actual foundry conditions in a 96 in. diameter commercial cupola. The test was run on the first shift on April 19, 1995. The coke sample was used as a direct replacement for 25 percent of the coke charge. A total of 51 scrap iron charges were run with the CTC/DOE continuous coke. Results of the test were excellent. The two main indicators improved., Tap temperature increased from an average of 2846°F to 2890°F. Carbon pickup improved from 3.49 percent C to 3.59 percent C when the CTC coke, hit the bed. These results are very meaningful because they cannot be measured in the lab. ChemChar Research, Inc. in Columbia, Missouri, is evaluating CTC chars as potential agents for removing pollutants from gas streams. Composite CTC char treated with the ChemChar activation process resulted in promising results. A 11.8 percent toluene adsorption and 13.4 percent monochlorobenzene adsorption were achieved with CTC char after activation.
Book Synopsis Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild-gasification Process for the Production of Coproducts. Report for Task 4.8, Decontamination and Disassembly of the Mild-gasification and Char-to-carbon PRUs and Disposal of Products from Testing by :
Download or read book Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild-gasification Process for the Production of Coproducts. Report for Task 4.8, Decontamination and Disassembly of the Mild-gasification and Char-to-carbon PRUs and Disposal of Products from Testing written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report contains descriptions of mild-gasification and char-to-carbon process research units (PRUS) used by WRI and AMAX R & D Center to conduct tests under contract AC21-87MC24268. Descriptions of materials produced during those tests are also contained herein. Western Research Institute proposes to dispose of remaining fines and dried coal by combustion and remaining coal liquids by incineration during mid-1992. The mild-gasification PRU will be used for additional tests until 1993, at which time WRI proposes to decontaminate and disassemble the PRU. AMAX R & D Center intends to return the spent char, any remaining feed char, and unusable product carbon to the Eagle Butte Mine near Gillette, Wyoming, from where the coal originally came. The solid products will be added to the mine's coal product stream. Coal liquids collected from condensers will be concentrated and sent to a local oil and solvent recycling company where the liquids will be burned as fuel. The char-to-carbon PRU will be operated periodically until 1993 when the plant will be decontaminated and disassembled.
Book Synopsis Development of an Advanced Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products. Quarterly Report, October--December 1995 by :
Download or read book Development of an Advanced Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products. Quarterly Report, October--December 1995 written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Efforts continued to obtain financing for a commercial continuous formed coke plant. Discussions were held with two steel companies that are interested in producing coke for their use in steel production and foundry operations. Planning for production of 40 tons of foundry formed coke is underway. This coke will be used in two 20-ton tests at General Motors' foundries. During this production, it is planned to determine if a tunnel kiln can be used as a coking furnace as an alternative for a rotary hearth. A rotary hearth is about three times more costly than a competitive-sized tunnel kiln. Work continued on using Western non-caking coals to produce formed coke. Successful tests were made by using Eastern caking coals and other binders to permit using up to 50% of the cheaper Western non-caking coals in formed coke production. The primary objective of this project is to develop an advanced continuous mild gasification process and product upgrading processes which will be capable of eventual commercialization.
Book Synopsis Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products. Quarterly Report, July 1, 1992--September 30, 1992 by :
Download or read book Development of an Advanced, Continuous Mild Gasification Process for the Production of Co-products. Quarterly Report, July 1, 1992--September 30, 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The coke reactivity test furnace was installed and checked. Design of a long lasting reaction vessel is underway with emphasis on material of construction for elevated temperatures. Development of a formed coke formula is continuing in preparation of a 70 pound sample for evaluation by a major conventional coke producer. Ten CMGU test runs were made. Most of the quarter was used to replace the pyrolyzer screws, check-out the screws' pulse burners, and replace the screws' stub shafts. The objective of the determination of the pyrolyzer maximum capacity with the internal screws' heaters should be achieved in October 1992.
