Modelling Diesel Combustion

Download Modelling Diesel Combustion PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 904813885X
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Modelling Diesel Combustion by : P. A. Lakshminarayanan

Download or read book Modelling Diesel Combustion written by P. A. Lakshminarayanan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-03 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phenomenology of Diesel Combustion and Modeling Diesel is the most efficient combustion engine today and it plays an important role in transport of goods and passengers on land and on high seas. The emissions must be controlled as stipulated by the society without sacrificing the legendary fuel economy of the diesel engines. These important drivers caused innovations in diesel engineering like re-entrant combustion chambers in the piston, lower swirl support and high pressure injection, in turn reducing the ignition delay and hence the nitric oxides. The limits on emissions are being continually reduced. The- fore, the required accuracy of the models to predict the emissions and efficiency of the engines is high. The phenomenological combustion models based on physical and chemical description of the processes in the engine are practical to describe diesel engine combustion and to carry out parametric studies. This is because the injection process, which can be relatively well predicted, has the dominant effect on mixture formation and subsequent course of combustion. The need for improving these models by incorporating new developments in engine designs is explained in Chapter 2. With “model based control programs” used in the Electronic Control Units of the engines, phenomenological models are assuming more importance now because the detailed CFD based models are too slow to be handled by the Electronic Control Units. Experimental work is necessary to develop the basic understanding of the pr- esses.

Diesel Engine Modeling

Download Diesel Engine Modeling PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : SAE International
ISBN 13 : 9780768003826
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Diesel Engine Modeling by : Society of Automotive Engineers

Download or read book Diesel Engine Modeling written by Society of Automotive Engineers and published by SAE International. This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Common Rail Fuel Injection Technology in Diesel Engines

Download Common Rail Fuel Injection Technology in Diesel Engines PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119107237
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Common Rail Fuel Injection Technology in Diesel Engines by : Guangyao Ouyang

Download or read book Common Rail Fuel Injection Technology in Diesel Engines written by Guangyao Ouyang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-06-18 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A wide-ranging and practical handbook that offers comprehensive treatment of high-pressure common rail technology for students and professionals In this volume, Dr. Ouyang and his colleagues answer the need for a comprehensive examination of high-pressure common rail systems for electronic fuel injection technology, a crucial element in the optimization of diesel engine efficiency and emissions. The text begins with an overview of common rail systems today, including a look back at their progress since the 1970s and an examination of recent advances in the field. It then provides a thorough grounding in the design and assembly of common rail systems with an emphasis on key aspects of their design and assembly as well as notable technological innovations. This includes discussion of advancements in dual pressure common rail systems and the increasingly influential role of Electronic Control Unit (ECU) technology in fuel injector systems. The authors conclude with a look towards the development of a new type of common rail system. Throughout the volume, concepts are illustrated using extensive research, experimental studies and simulations. Topics covered include: Comprehensive detailing of common rail system elements, elementary enough for newcomers and thorough enough to act as a useful reference for professionals Basic and simulation models of common rail systems, including extensive instruction on performing simulations and analyzing key performance parameters Examination of the design and testing of next-generation twin common rail systems, including applications for marine diesel engines Discussion of current trends in industry research as well as areas requiring further study Common Rail Fuel Injection Technology is the ideal handbook for students and professionals working in advanced automotive engineering, particularly researchers and engineers focused on the design of internal combustion engines and advanced fuel injection technology. Wide-ranging research and ample examples of practical applications will make this a valuable resource both in education and private industry.

Exascale Scientific Applications

Download Exascale Scientific Applications PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351999249
Total Pages : 607 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Exascale Scientific Applications by : Tjerk P. Straatsma

Download or read book Exascale Scientific Applications written by Tjerk P. Straatsma and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-11-13 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes practical programming approaches for scientific applications on exascale computer systems Presents strategies to make applications performance portable Provides specific solutions employed in current application porting and development Illustrates domain science software development strategies based on projected trends in supercomputing technology and architectures Includes contributions from leading experts involved in the development and porting of scientific codes for current and future high performance computing resources

Engine Modeling and Simulation

Download Engine Modeling and Simulation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811686181
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Engine Modeling and Simulation by : Avinash Kumar Agarwal

Download or read book Engine Modeling and Simulation written by Avinash Kumar Agarwal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-16 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the simulation and modeling of internal combustion engines. The contents include various aspects of diesel and gasoline engine modeling and simulation such as spray, combustion, ignition, in-cylinder phenomena, emissions, exhaust heat recovery. It also explored engine models and analysis of cylinder bore piston stresses and temperature effects. This book includes recent literature and focuses on current modeling and simulation trends for internal combustion engines. Readers will gain knowledge about engine process simulation and modeling, helpful for the development of efficient and emission-free engines. A few chapters highlight the review of state-of-the-art models for spray, combustion, and emissions, focusing on the theory, models, and their applications from an engine point of view. This volume would be of interest to professionals, post-graduate students involved in alternative fuels, IC engines, engine modeling and simulation, and environmental research.

Introduction to Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engine Systems

Download Introduction to Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engine Systems PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662080036
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Introduction to Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engine Systems by : Lino Guzzella

Download or read book Introduction to Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engine Systems written by Lino Guzzella and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Internal combustion engines still have a potential for substantial improvements, particularly with regard to fuel efficiency and environmental compatibility. These goals can be achieved with help of control systems. Modeling and Control of Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) addresses these issues by offering an introduction to cost-effective model-based control system design for ICE. The primary emphasis is put on the ICE and its auxiliary devices. Mathematical models for these processes are developed in the text and selected feedforward and feedback control problems are discussed. The appendix contains a summary of the most important controller analysis and design methods, and a case study that analyzes a simplified idle-speed control problem. The book is written for students interested in the design of classical and novel ICE control systems.

Atlas of Visualization

Download Atlas of Visualization PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780849326561
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (265 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Atlas of Visualization by : Yasuki Nakayama

Download or read book Atlas of Visualization written by Yasuki Nakayama and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-05-29 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Visualization is a novel interdisciplinary science for making any phenomenon clear by visualizing the invisible using computer techniques. It covers such diverse phenomena as fluid flow, heat and mass transfer, sound, electromagnetism, and chemical change and its combinations. The Atlas of Visualization, II presents the latest advances in visualization techniques, image processing, computer graphics, and visualization of measured and compound results. Focusing on both experimental and computer-aided visualization, this encyclopedic resource discusses all aspects of this new and evolving science.

Diesel Engine Transient Operation

Download Diesel Engine Transient Operation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1848823754
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (488 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Diesel Engine Transient Operation by : Constantine D. Rakopoulos

Download or read book Diesel Engine Transient Operation written by Constantine D. Rakopoulos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-10 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, the study of internal combustion engines operation has focused on the steady-state performance. However, the daily driving schedule of automotive and truck engines is inherently related to unsteady conditions. In fact, only a very small portion of a vehicle’s operating pattern is true steady-state, e. g. , when cruising on a motorway. Moreover, the most critical conditions encountered by industrial or marine engines are met during transients too. Unfortunately, the transient operation of turbocharged diesel engines has been associated with slow acceleration rate, hence poor driveability, and overshoot in particulate, gaseous and noise emissions. Despite the relatively large number of published papers, this very important subject has been treated in the past scarcely and only segmentally as regards reference books. Merely two chapters, one in the book Turbocharging the Internal Combustion Engine by N. Watson and M. S. Janota (McMillan Press, 1982) and another one written by D. E. Winterbone in the book The Thermodynamics and Gas Dynamics of Internal Combustion Engines, Vol. II edited by J. H. Horlock and D. E. Winterbone (Clarendon Press, 1986) are dedicated to transient operation. Both books, now out of print, were published a long time ago. Then, it seems reasonable to try to expand on these pioneering works, taking into account the recent technological advances and particularly the global concern about environmental pollution, which has intensified the research on transient (diesel) engine operation, typically through the Transient Cycles certification of new vehicles.

Thermo- and Fluid Dynamic Processes in Diesel Engines 2

Download Thermo- and Fluid Dynamic Processes in Diesel Engines 2 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662105020
Total Pages : 494 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (621 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Thermo- and Fluid Dynamic Processes in Diesel Engines 2 by : James H. Whitelaw

Download or read book Thermo- and Fluid Dynamic Processes in Diesel Engines 2 written by James H. Whitelaw and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second book edited with a selection of papers from the two-yearly THIESEL Conference on Thermo- and Fluid Dynamic Processes in Diesel Engines, organised by CMT-Mvtores Termicos of the Universidad Po/itecnica de Valencia, Spain. This volume includes versions of papers selected from those presented at the THIESEL 2002 Conference th held on lOth to 13 September 2002. We hope it will be the second volume of a long series reflecting the quality of the THIESEL Conference. This year, the papers are grouped in six main thematic areas: State of the Art and Prospective, Injection Systems and Spray Formation, Combustion and Emissions, Engine Modelling, Alternative Combustion Concepts and Experimental Techniques. The actual conference covered a wider scope of topics, including Air Management and Fuels for Diesel Engines and a couple of papers included reflect this variety. However, the selection of papers published here represents the most current preoccupations of Diesel engine designers, namely how to improve the combustion process using new injection strategies and alternative concepts such as the Homogeneous Charge Combustion Ignition.

1D and Multi-D Modeling Techniques for IC Engine Simulation

Download 1D and Multi-D Modeling Techniques for IC Engine Simulation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : SAE International
ISBN 13 : 0768099528
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (68 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis 1D and Multi-D Modeling Techniques for IC Engine Simulation by : Angelo Onorati

Download or read book 1D and Multi-D Modeling Techniques for IC Engine Simulation written by Angelo Onorati and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2020-04-06 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1D and Multi-D Modeling Techniques for IC Engine Simulation provides a description of the most significant and recent achievements in the field of 1D engine simulation models and coupled 1D-3D modeling techniques, including 0D combustion models, quasi-3D methods and some 3D model applications.

Proceedings of the 2nd Conference on Engine Processes

Download Proceedings of the 2nd Conference on Engine Processes PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin
ISBN 13 : 3798327688
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (983 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 2nd Conference on Engine Processes by : Sens, Marc

Download or read book Proceedings of the 2nd Conference on Engine Processes written by Sens, Marc and published by Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin. This book was released on 2015-10-30 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the combustion engine looks set to remain the dominant energy conversion unit in vehicle powertrains in the medium term, either in combination with electrical components or on its own, attention will need to be paid to continue improving its efficiency in the future. The high development depth of today's combustion engines means that it is becoming increasingly difficult to achieve significant efficiency improvements by simple means. On the search for these improvements, the focus has shifted to inner-engine processes, for instance charge cycles including the charging system, the mixture formation including injection, combustion and kinematic conversion of the energy within the fuel. Our 2nd conference 'Engine processes' aims to offer all developers a platform to discuss the latest technological developments in the field of inner-engine process control, and encourage new paths to be taken. We believe that the program for this conference is a sound foundation for this endeavour. Da der Verbrennungsmotor auch mittelfristig die dominierende Energiewandlungseinheit im Antriebsstrang von Kraftfahrzeugen sein wird, entweder im Verbund mit elektrischen Komponenten oder aber als alleiniger Antrieb, muss der Verbesserung von dessen Wirkungsgrad auch in Zukunft erhebliche Aufmerksamkeit zu Teil werden. Aufgrund der hohen Entwicklungstiefe, die heutige Verbrennungsmotoren aufweisen, wird es immer schwerer, deutliche Wirkungsgradverbesserungen auf einfachem Weg zu erreichen. Auf der Suche nach diesen Verbesserungen rücken die innermotorischen Prozesse immer mehr in den Fokus, hierzu zählen der Ladungswechsel inkl. Aufladesystem, die Gemischbildung inkl. Einspritzung, die Verbrennung sowie die kinematische Wandlung der im Kraftstoff gebundenen Energie. Unsere 2. Tagung „Motorische Prozesse“ soll nun allen Entwicklern als Austauschforum zu neuesten technologischen Entwicklungen auf dem Gebiet der innermotorischen Prozessführung dienen und dazu anregen neue Wege zu beschreiten. Wir sind überzeugt, mit dem vorliegenden Tagungs-Programm hierzu einen sehr guten Beitrag leisten zu können.

Modeling Engine Spray and Combustion Processes

Download Modeling Engine Spray and Combustion Processes PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662087901
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Modeling Engine Spray and Combustion Processes by : Gunnar Stiesch

Download or read book Modeling Engine Spray and Combustion Processes written by Gunnar Stiesch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The utilization of mathematical models to numerically describe the performance of internal combustion engines is of great significance in the development of new and improved engines. Today, such simulation models can already be viewed as standard tools, and their importance is likely to increase further as available com puter power is expected to increase and the predictive quality of the models is constantly enhanced. This book describes and discusses the most widely used mathematical models for in-cylinder spray and combustion processes, which are the most important subprocesses affecting engine fuel consumption and pollutant emissions. The relevant thermodynamic, fluid dynamic and chemical principles are summarized, and then the application of these principles to the in-cylinder processes is ex plained. Different modeling approaches for the each subprocesses are compared and discussed with respect to the governing model assumptions and simplifica tions. Conclusions are drawn as to which model approach is appropriate for a specific type of problem in the development process of an engine. Hence, this book may serve both as a graduate level textbook for combustion engineering stu dents and as a reference for professionals employed in the field of combustion en gine modeling. The research necessary for this book was carried out during my employment as a postdoctoral scientist at the Institute of Technical Combustion (ITV) at the Uni versity of Hannover, Germany and at the Engine Research Center (ERC) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA.

Handbook of Clean Energy Systems, 6 Volume Set

Download Handbook of Clean Energy Systems, 6 Volume Set PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118388585
Total Pages : 4038 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (183 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Handbook of Clean Energy Systems, 6 Volume Set by : Jinyue Yan

Download or read book Handbook of Clean Energy Systems, 6 Volume Set written by Jinyue Yan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-22 with total page 4038 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Clean Energy Systems brings together an international team of experts to present a comprehensive overview of the latest research, developments and practical applications throughout all areas of clean energy systems. Consolidating information which is currently scattered across a wide variety of literature sources, the handbook covers a broad range of topics in this interdisciplinary research field including both fossil and renewable energy systems. The development of intelligent energy systems for efficient energy processes and mitigation technologies for the reduction of environmental pollutants is explored in depth, and environmental, social and economic impacts are also addressed. Topics covered include: Volume 1 - Renewable Energy: Biomass resources and biofuel production; Bioenergy Utilization; Solar Energy; Wind Energy; Geothermal Energy; Tidal Energy. Volume 2 - Clean Energy Conversion Technologies: Steam/Vapor Power Generation; Gas Turbines Power Generation; Reciprocating Engines; Fuel Cells; Cogeneration and Polygeneration. Volume 3 - Mitigation Technologies: Carbon Capture; Negative Emissions System; Carbon Transportation; Carbon Storage; Emission Mitigation Technologies; Efficiency Improvements and Waste Management; Waste to Energy. Volume 4 - Intelligent Energy Systems: Future Electricity Markets; Diagnostic and Control of Energy Systems; New Electric Transmission Systems; Smart Grid and Modern Electrical Systems; Energy Efficiency of Municipal Energy Systems; Energy Efficiency of Industrial Energy Systems; Consumer Behaviors; Load Control and Management; Electric Car and Hybrid Car; Energy Efficiency Improvement. Volume 5 - Energy Storage: Thermal Energy Storage; Chemical Storage; Mechanical Storage; Electrochemical Storage; Integrated Storage Systems. Volume 6 - Sustainability of Energy Systems: Sustainability Indicators, Evaluation Criteria, and Reporting; Regulation and Policy; Finance and Investment; Emission Trading; Modeling and Analysis of Energy Systems; Energy vs. Development; Low Carbon Economy; Energy Efficiencies and Emission Reduction. Key features: Comprising over 3,500 pages in 6 volumes, HCES presents a comprehensive overview of the latest research, developments and practical applications throughout all areas of clean energy systems, consolidating a wealth of information which is currently scattered across a wide variety of literature sources. In addition to renewable energy systems, HCES also covers processes for the efficient and clean conversion of traditional fuels such as coal, oil and gas, energy storage systems, mitigation technologies for the reduction of environmental pollutants, and the development of intelligent energy systems. Environmental, social and economic impacts of energy systems are also addressed in depth. Published in full colour throughout. Fully indexed with cross referencing within and between all six volumes. Edited by leading researchers from academia and industry who are internationally renowned and active in their respective fields. Published in print and online. The online version is a single publication (i.e. no updates), available for one-time purchase or through annual subscription.

Diesel Engine

Download Diesel Engine PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9535111205
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Diesel Engine by : Saiful Bari

Download or read book Diesel Engine written by Saiful Bari and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-04-30 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diesel engines, also known as CI engines, possess a wide field of applications as energy converters because of their higher efficiency. However, diesel engines are a major source of NOX and particulate matter (PM) emissions. Because of its importance, five chapters in this book have been devoted to the formulation and control of these pollutants. The world is currently experiencing an oil crisis. Gaseous fuels like natural gas, pure hydrogen gas, biomass-based and coke-based syngas can be considered as alternative fuels for diesel engines. Their combustion and exhaust emissions characteristics are described in this book. Reliable early detection of malfunction and failure of any parts in diesel engines can save the engine from failing completely and save high repair cost. Tools are discussed in this book to detect common failure modes of diesel engine that can detect early signs of failure.

Two-Phase Flow for Automotive and Power Generation Sectors

Download Two-Phase Flow for Automotive and Power Generation Sectors PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811332568
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Two-Phase Flow for Automotive and Power Generation Sectors by : Kaushik Saha

Download or read book Two-Phase Flow for Automotive and Power Generation Sectors written by Kaushik Saha and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-03 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the two-phase flow problems relevant in the automotive and power generation sectors. It includes fundamental studies on liquid–gas two-phase interactions, nucleate and film boiling, condensation, cavitation, suspension flows as well as the latest developments in the field of two-phase problems pertaining to power generation systems. It also discusses the latest analytical, numerical and experimental techniques for investigating the role of two-phase flows in performance analysis of devices like combustion engines, gas turbines, nuclear reactors and fuel cells. The wide scope of applications of this topic makes this book of interest to researchers and professionals alike.

TRANSBALTICA XIII: Transportation Science and Technology

Download TRANSBALTICA XIII: Transportation Science and Technology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031258630
Total Pages : 832 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (312 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis TRANSBALTICA XIII: Transportation Science and Technology by : Olegas Prentkovskis

Download or read book TRANSBALTICA XIII: Transportation Science and Technology written by Olegas Prentkovskis and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-02-21 with total page 832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reports on innovative research and developments in the broad field of transportation. It covers solutions relating to intelligent vehicles and infrastructure, energy and combustion management, vehicle dynamics and engineering, as well as research on railway transport, aerospace technologies, logistics and security. Contributions are based on peer-reviewed papers presented at the 13th international scientific conference "Transbaltica: Transportation Science and Technology", held on September 15-16, 2022, at Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, in Vilnius, Lithuania. All in all, this book offers extensive information on modern transport systems, with a good balance of theory and practice.

Mixture Formation in Internal Combustion Engines

Download Mixture Formation in Internal Combustion Engines PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540308369
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (43 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Mixture Formation in Internal Combustion Engines by : Carsten Baumgarten

Download or read book Mixture Formation in Internal Combustion Engines written by Carsten Baumgarten and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-09-28 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A systematic control of mixture formation with modern high-pressure injection systems enables us to achieve considerable improvements of the combustion pr- ess in terms of reduced fuel consumption and engine-out raw emissions. However, because of the growing number of free parameters due to more flexible injection systems, variable valve trains, the application of different combustion concepts within different regions of the engine map, etc., the prediction of spray and m- ture formation becomes increasingly complex. For this reason, the optimization of the in-cylinder processes using 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) becomes increasingly important. In these CFD codes, the detailed modeling of spray and mixture formation is a prerequisite for the correct calculation of the subsequent processes like ignition, combustion and formation of emissions. Although such simulation tools can be viewed as standard tools today, the predictive quality of the sub-models is c- stantly enhanced by a more accurate and detailed modeling of the relevant pr- esses, and by the inclusion of new important mechanisms and effects that come along with the development of new injection systems and have not been cons- ered so far. In this book the most widely used mathematical models for the simulation of spray and mixture formation in 3D CFD calculations are described and discussed. In order to give the reader an introduction into the complex processes, the book starts with a description of the fundamental mechanisms and categories of fuel - jection, spray break-up, and mixture formation in internal combustion engines.