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Design And Optimization Of Membrane Active Peptides And Lipid Vesicles For Triggered Release
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Book Synopsis Peptide-Liposome Model Systems for Triggered Release by : Camilla Skyttner
Download or read book Peptide-Liposome Model Systems for Triggered Release written by Camilla Skyttner and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2018-09-12 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liposomes are widely used in drug delivery to improve drug efficacy and to reduce side effects. For liposome-encapsulated drugs to become bioavailable and provide a therapeutic effect they must be released, which typically is a slow process that primarily relies on passive diffusion, liposome rupture or endocytotic uptake. Achieving drug concentrations within the therapeutic window can thus be challenging, resulting in poor efficacy and higher risks drug resistance. Finding means to modulate lipid membrane integrity and to trigger rapid and efficient release of liposomal cargo is thus critical to improve current and future liposomal drug delivery systems. The possibilities to tailor lipid composition and surface functionalization is vital for drug delivery applications but also make liposomes attractive model systems for studies of membrane active biomolecules. The overall aim of this thesis work has been to develop new strategies for triggering and controlling changes in lipid membrane integrity and to study the interactions of membrane active peptides with model lipid membranes using both de novo designed and biologically derived synthetic amphipathic cationic peptides. Two different sets of designed peptides have been explored that can fold and heterodimerize into a coiled coil and helix-loop-helix fourhelix bundle, respectively. Conjugation of the cationic lysine rich peptides to liposomes triggered a rapid and concentration dependent release. The additions of their corresponding glutamic acid-rich complementary peptides inhibited the release of liposomal cargo. Possibilities to reduce the inhibitory effect by both proteolytic digestion of the inhibitory peptide and by means of heterodimer exchange have been investigated. Moreover, the effects of peptide size and composition and ability to fold have been studied in order to elucidate the factors that influence the membrane permeabilizing effects of the peptides. In addition, the membrane activity of a the two-peptide bacteriocin PLNC8? and PLNC8? has been explored using liposomes as a model system. PLNC8?? are expressed by Lactobacillus plantarum and were shown to display pronounced membrane-partition folding coupling, leading to rapid release of liposome encapsulated carboxyfluorescein. PLNC8?? also kill and suppressed growth of the gram-negative bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis by efficiently damaging the bacterial membrane. Although membrane active peptides are highly efficient in perturbing lipid membrane integrity, possibilities to trigger release using external stimuli are also of large interest for therapeutic applications. Light-induced heating of liposome encapsulated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has been shown by others as a potential strategy to trigger drug release. To facilitate fabrication of thermoplasmonic liposome systems we developed a simple method for synthesis of small AuNPs inside liposomes, using the liposomes as nanoscale reaction vessels. The work presented in this thesis provides new knowledge and techniques for future development of liposome-based drug delivery systems, peptide-based therapeutics and increase our understanding of peptide-lipid interactions.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Bioinformatics by : Arthur Lesk
Download or read book Introduction to Bioinformatics written by Arthur Lesk and published by . This book was released on 2019-05 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ideal text for biology students encountering bioinformatics for the first time, Introduction to Bioinformatics describes how recent technological advances in the field can be used as a powerful set of tools for receiving and analyzing biological data.
Book Synopsis Oral Delivery of Therapeutic Peptides and Proteins by : Puneet Tyagi
Download or read book Oral Delivery of Therapeutic Peptides and Proteins written by Puneet Tyagi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-08-15 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oral Delivery of Therapeutic Peptides and Proteins provides a complete overview of the journey scientists pursue to attain protein and peptide oral delivery. The book highlights the physiological challenges that must be accounted for in addition to overcoming protease inhibition and acid stability issues that are commonly mentioned in this area of research. Primary topics include formulation technologies being adopted for oral delivery of proteins and peptides, modification of actives to make them more suited for oral delivery, animal models and their shortcomings in assessing oral bioavailability, and in vitro models to simulate drug absorption and transport. Academics and industry researchers working in formulation development and researchers and advanced students in biotechnology and pharmacy will find this a useful resource. Demonstrates how proteins and peptides transport throughout the gastrointestinal tract and how to evaluate their biological fate when encapsulated into certain delivery systems Examines developing technologies to improve future oral bioavailability Includes the in vitro and preclinical techniques needed for development
Download or read book Bacterial Toxins written by Otto Holst and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-05 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interest of investigators across a broad spectrum of scientific dis- plines has been steadily stimulated by the field of bacterial toxin research, an area that makes use of a large variety of biological, chemical, physicochemical, and medically oriented approaches. Researchers studying bacterial toxins need to be acquainted with all these disciplines in order to work effectively in the field. To date, there has been no published collection offering detailed descr- tions of the techniques and methods needed by researchers operating across the field’sdiverse areas. The present volume Bacterial Toxins: Methods and Pro- cols, is intended to fill this gap. Bacterial Toxins: Methods and Protocols consists of two sections: one on protein toxins (15 chapters) and one on endotoxins (5 chapters). Each s- tion is introduced by an overview article (Chapters 1 and 16). The protocols collected represent state-of-the-art techniques that each have high impact on future bacterial toxin research. All methods are described by authors who have regularly been using the protocol in their own laboratories. Included in each chapter is a brief introduction to the method being described.
Book Synopsis Study of Bacteriorhodopsin in a Controlled Lipid Environment by : Vivien Yeh
Download or read book Study of Bacteriorhodopsin in a Controlled Lipid Environment written by Vivien Yeh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-26 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the study of how the properties of nanodiscs, such as lipid composition and size, influence the function of the embedding integral membrane protein, bacteriorhodopsin. The author performed systematic studies to show that the lipid composition and the charge of the hydrophobic head and the structure of hydrophilic tails affect the photocycle pathway of bacteriorhodopsin, which is closely associated with its proton-pumping activity. Furthermore, the author demonstrated a highly efficient method for extracting membrane proteins directly from the biological membrane, preserving protein conformation, function and essential native lipids. This book demonstrates optimization and sample preparation, and presents practical methods of preparing membrane protein-embedded nanodisc samples for biophysical studies, which benefit structural and functional studies in the field of membrane protein characterization, both.
Book Synopsis CPP, Cell-Penetrating Peptides by : Ülo Langel
Download or read book CPP, Cell-Penetrating Peptides written by Ülo Langel and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-10-18 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, a summary and update of the most important areas of cell-penetrating peptides (CPP) research are presented, while raising relevant questions for further development. The CPP sequences are presented and discussed throughout the book. The methods for testing CPP mechanisms are discussed in detail. Various approaches for the testing of endocytotic pathways of CPP uptake are also described. Different CPP uptake experiments are compared since it is becoming clear that it is often best to apply several methods in a complementary manner in order to most comprehensively evaluate CPP uptake mechanisms due to the complexity of these processes. A brief summary of functionality issues of CPPs, both in vitro and in vivo, is discussed. Therapeutic potential of CPPs and commercial developments are discussed. The present, second edition of this book is the updated and expanded version of the first edition, published in 2019. The development of the field of cell-penetrating peptides in these five years has been obvious and exciting. This second edition of the book has been partly reorganized and comprehensively expanded with the exciting research in 2019-2023. Around 2500 novel scientific articles have become available, most of them are reviewed in the second edition. Additional rapidly growing areas of high impact presented in this second edition are therapeutic developments (Chapter 16) and delivery of oligonucleotides and proteins/peptides (Chapters 5 and 6) including novel reports on genome editing with CPP assistance. Also, several additional examples are available now on clinical trials using CPPs (Chapter 15). The book is written for researchers and students in the field.
Book Synopsis Nanocarrier Technologies by : M. Reza Mozafari
Download or read book Nanocarrier Technologies written by M. Reza Mozafari and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-09-24 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed as an advanced survey of the field, this book describes the key research parameters of nanocarrier technologies. It is the first book with this topic. It comprises a collection of scientific articles from top research people in the field and provides an up-to-date source containing recent citation and bibliography. The book is an indispensable source of information for new researchers and scientists.
Book Synopsis Development of Novel Antimicrobial Agents by : Karl Lohner
Download or read book Development of Novel Antimicrobial Agents written by Karl Lohner and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents current research on the development of new classes of antibiotics with novel mechanisms of action. Leading international researchers from academia and industry present this unique collection of highly acclaimed reviews covering every aspect of this important topic. The authors also discuss strategies for the containment of antimicrobial resistance, and advocate a more sophisticated and prudent use of antibiotics.
Book Synopsis Concepts in Cell Biology by : Vaidurya Pratap Sahi
Download or read book Concepts in Cell Biology written by Vaidurya Pratap Sahi and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses central concepts and theories in cell biology from the ancient past to the 21st century, based on the premise that understanding the works of scientists like Hooke, Hofmeister, Caspary, Strasburger, Sachs, Schleiden, Schwann, Mendel, Nemec, McClintock, etc. in the context of the latest advances in plant cell biology will help provide valuable new insights. Plants have been an object of study since the roots of the Greek, Chinese and Indian cultures. Since the term "cell" was first coined by Robert Hooke, 350 years ago in Micrographia, the study of plant cell biology has moved ahead at a tremendous pace. The field of cell biology owes its genesis to physics, which through microscopy has been a vital source for piquing scientists' interest in the biology of the cell. Today, with the technical advances we have made in the field of optics, it is even possible to observe life on a nanoscale. From Hooke's observations of cells and his inadvertent discovery of the cell wall, we have since moved forward to engineering plants with modified cell walls. Studies on the chloroplast have also gone from Julius von Sachs' experiments with chloroplast, to using chloroplast engineering to deliver higher crop yields. Similarly, advances in fluorescent microscopy have made it far easier to observe organelles like chloroplast (once studied by Sachs) or actin (observed by Bohumil Nemec). If physics in the form of cell biology has been responsible for one half of this historical development, biochemistry has surely been the other.
Book Synopsis Strategies to Modify the Drug Release from Pharmaceutical Systems by : Marcos Luciano Bruschi
Download or read book Strategies to Modify the Drug Release from Pharmaceutical Systems written by Marcos Luciano Bruschi and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2015-06-16 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the earliest dosage forms to modern drug delivery systems, came a great development and growth of knowledge with respect to drug delivery. Strategies to Modify the Drug Release from Pharmaceutical Systems will address principles, systems, applications and advances in the field.It will be principally a textbook and a reference source of strategies to modify the drug release. Moreover, the characterization, mathematical and physicochemical models, applications and the systems will be discussed. Addresses the principles, systems, applications and advances in the field of drug delivery Highlights the mathematical and physicochemical principles related to strategies Discusses drug release and its possible modifications
Download or read book Biomembranes written by Robert B. Gennis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New textbooks at all levels of chemistry appear with great regularity. Some fields like basic biochemistry, organic reaction mechanisms, and chemical thermody namics are well represented by many excellent texts, and new or revised editions are published sufficiently often to keep up with progress in research. However, some areas of chemistry, especially many of those taught at the graduate level, suffer from a real lack of up-to-date textbooks. The most serious needs occur in fields that are rapidly changing. Textbooks in these subjects usually have to be written by scientists actually involved in the research which is advancing the field. It is not often easy to persuade such individuals to set time aside to help spread the knowledge they have accumulated. Our goal, in this series, is to pinpoint areas of chemistry where recent progress has outpaced what is covered in any available textbooks, and then seek out and persuade experts in these fields to produce relatively concise but instructive introductions to their fields. These should serve the needs of one semester or one quarter graduate courses in chemistry and biochemistry. In some cases, the availability of texts in active research areas should help stimulate the creation of new courses.
Book Synopsis Antimicrobial Peptides: Molecular Design, Structure Function Relationship and Biosynthesis Optimization by : Jianhua Wang
Download or read book Antimicrobial Peptides: Molecular Design, Structure Function Relationship and Biosynthesis Optimization written by Jianhua Wang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-05-04 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Understanding Drug Release and Absorption Mechanisms by : Mario Grassi
Download or read book Understanding Drug Release and Absorption Mechanisms written by Mario Grassi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-12-26 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Demand for better reliability from drug delivery systems has caused designers and researchers to move away from trial-and-error approaches and toward model-based methods of product development. Developing such models requires cross-disciplinary physical, mathematical, and physiological knowledge. Combining these areas under a single cover, Under
Book Synopsis Fibrous Proteins: Structures and Mechanisms by : David A.D. Parry
Download or read book Fibrous Proteins: Structures and Mechanisms written by David A.D. Parry and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-18 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the readers with an up-to-date review of the design, structure and function of a representative selection of fibrous proteins in both health and disease. The importance of the α-helical coiled coil, a conformational motif based on the heptad repeat in the amino acid sequence of all α-fibrous proteins (and parts of some globular proteins) is underlined by three Chapters devoted to its design, structure, function and topology. Specific proteins covered in the text and which depend on the coiled coil for their structure and function, include the intermediate filament proteins, tropomyosin, myosin, paramyosin, fibrin and members of the spectrin superfamily. Also described are fibrous proteins based on the β-pleated sheet and collagen conformations. Recombinant structural proteins, especially of silk and collagen, are discussed in the context of developing new biomaterials with varied applications. Established researchers and postgraduate students in the fields of protein chemistry, biochemistry and structural biophysics will find Fibrous Proteins: Structures and Mechanisms to be an invaluable collection of topical reviews that describe the basic advances made in the field of fibrous proteins over the past decade. This book, written by recognized authorities in the field, provides a clear account of the current status of fibrous protein research and, in addition, establishes the basis for deciding the most appropriate directions for future activity, including the applications of protein engineering and the commercial exploitation of new biomaterials.
Book Synopsis The Giant Vesicle Book by : Rumiana Dimova
Download or read book The Giant Vesicle Book written by Rumiana Dimova and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 1144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Giant vesicles are widely used as a model membrane system, both for basic biological systems and for their promising applications in the development of smart materials and cell mimetics, as well as in driving new technologies in synthetic biology and for the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industry. The reader is guided to use giant vesicles, from the formation of simple membrane platforms to advanced membrane and cell system models. It also includes fundamentals for understanding lipid or polymer membrane structure, properties and behavior. Every chapter includes ideas for further applications and discussions on the implications of the observed phenomena towards understanding membrane-related processes. The Giant Vesicle Book is meant to be a road companion, a trusted guide for those making their first steps in this field as well as a source of information required by experts. Key Features • A complete summary of the field, covering fundamental concepts, practical methods, core theory, and the most promising applications • A start-up package of theoretical and experimental information for newcomers in the field • Extensive protocols for establishing the required preparations and assays • Tips and instructions for carefully performing and interpreting measurements with giant vesicles or for observing them, including pitfalls • Approaches developed for investigating giant vesicles as well as brief overviews of previous studies implementing the described techniques • Handy tables with data and structures for ready reference
Download or read book Cosmeceuticals written by J. Comstock and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2021-01-19 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cosmeceuticals are ingredients or products that provide cosmetic and therapeutic benefits and which can be obtained without a prescription. They are one of the fastest growing segments in the personal care product market. Even in the worst economic climate, sales of cosmetics remain robust. Beauty enhancers are our best means of feel-good escapism, and we are not about to give them up. The ingredients, sales locations, and the regulation of sales are dynamic aspects of the industry. Here we give you a heads-up on where the market is going so you can make strategic decisions for your practice. This book will give you an understanding of facial cosmeceuticals examining the needs of the face, moisturizer formulation, noninvasive testing, and clinical evaluation to establish efficacy. It sheds light on topics such as the delivery mechanisms of active ingredients, vitamin A and C and other antioxidants, growth factors and stem cells, peptides, or amino acids. Topics also include the use of cosmeceuticals for the treatment of acne, rosacea, and hair loss and for hair care as well as the treatment of scars and cosmeceuticals for sun protection and protection from pollution. It also covers aspects of nutraceuticals and diets for healthy skin.
Book Synopsis Kinetics for the Life Sciences by : H. Gutfreund
Download or read book Kinetics for the Life Sciences written by H. Gutfreund and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-09-14 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of the book is to introduce the reader to the kinetic analysis of a wide range of biological processes at the molecular level. It is intended to show that the same approach can be used to resolve the number of steps in enzyme reactions, muscle contraction, visual perception and ligand binding receptors that trigger other physiological processes. Attention is also given to methods for characterizing these steps in chemical terms. Although the treatment is mainly theoretical, a wide range of examples and experimental techniques are also introduced and an historical approach is used to demonstrate the development of the theory and experimental techniques of kinetic analysis in biology.
