Demographic And Health Outcomes By Degree Of Urbanisation

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Demographic and Health Outcomes by Degree of Urbanisation

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789276152392
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (523 download)

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Book Synopsis Demographic and Health Outcomes by Degree of Urbanisation by :

Download or read book Demographic and Health Outcomes by Degree of Urbanisation written by and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les villes sont généralement définies à partir de critères, notamment administratifs, qui varient grandement d'un pays à un autre. Dans cette étude, nous utilisons le concept de taux d'urbanisation, tel que défini par le « Global Human Settlements Layer » (GHSSMOD), afin de proposer une définition des villes, villages, banlieues et zones rurales centrée sur leur étendue et densité de population. En recoupant les outils conceptuels proposés par le GHS-SMOD et les données géocodées du « Demographic Health Survey » (DHS), nous explorons les différences entre ces espaces en termes de services publics, conditions de santé, niveau d'instruction, de fécondité et de violence. Les villes offrentelles un environnement comparativement plus favorable au regard de ces indicateurs ? Dans cette étude, nous constatons des différences importantes entre les villes, les villages et les zones rurales d'Afrique subsaharienne, d'Asie du Sud, d'Amérique latine et d'Asie du Sud-Est aux alentours de 2015. A l'exception de quelques effets négatifs liés à la pollution atmosphérique et à l'abondance de ressources sur les conditions de santé, les indicateurs considérés s'améliorent à mesure que l'on passe des zones rurales aux villages, puis aux banlieues et enfin aux villes. En restreignant notre échantillon de recherche à l'Asie du Sud et à l'Afrique subsaharienne, que nous analysons en profondeur, nous constatons que la plupart des indicateurs considérés s'améliorent avec le temps, certains de manière significative. Mais même après avoir pris en compte les différences liées à l'auto-sélection des ménages, dues à des caractéristiques individuelles ou à des différences régionales de statut politique et administratif, nous constatons que la plupart des différences entre villes et zones rurales persistent.

Hidden Cities

Author : World Health Organization. Centre for Health Development
Publisher : UN-HABITAT
ISBN 13 : 9211322715
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Hidden Cities by : World Health Organization. Centre for Health Development

Download or read book Hidden Cities written by World Health Organization. Centre for Health Development and published by UN-HABITAT. This book was released on 2010 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The joint WHO and UN-HABITAT report, Hidden cities: unmasking and overcoming health inequities in urban settings, is being released at a turning point in human history. For the first time ever, the majority of the world's population is living in cities, and this proportion continues to grow. Putting this into numbers, in 1990 fewer than 4 in 10 people lived in urban areas. In 2010, more than half live in cities, and by 2050 this proportion will grow to 7 out of every 10 people. The number of urban residents is growing by nearly 60 million every year. This demographic transition from rural to urban, or urbanization, has far-reaching consequences. Urbanization has been associated with overall shifts in the economy, away from agriculture-based activities and towards mass industry, technology and service. High urban densities have reduced transaction costs, made public spending on infrastructure and services more economically viable, and facilitated generation and diffusion of knowledge, all of which have fuelled economic growth"--Page ix.

Applying the degree of urbanisation — A methodological manual to define cities, towns and rural areas for international comparisons

Author : European Union
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251340730
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Applying the degree of urbanisation — A methodological manual to define cities, towns and rural areas for international comparisons by : European Union

Download or read book Applying the degree of urbanisation — A methodological manual to define cities, towns and rural areas for international comparisons written by European Union and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2021-03-11 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applying the Degree of Urbanisation — A methodological manual to define cities, towns and rural areas for international comparisons has been produced in close collaboration by six organisations — the European Commission, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UNHabitat), the International Labour Organization (ILO), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and The World Bank. This manual develops a harmonised methodology to facilitate international statistical comparisons and to classify the entire territory of a country along an urban-rural continuum. The degree of urbanisation classification defines cities, towns and semi-dense areas, and rural areas. This first level of the classification may be complemented by a range of more detailed concepts, such as: metropolitan areas, commuting zones, dense towns, semi-dense towns, suburban or peri-urban areas, villages, dispersed rural areas and mostly uninhabited areas.The manual is intended to complement and not replace the definitions used by national statistical offices (NSOs) and ministries. It has been designed principally as a guide for data producers, suppliers and statisticians so that they have the necessary information to implement the methodology and ensure coherency within their data collections. It may also be of interest to users of subnational statistics so they may better understand, interpret and use official subnational statistics for taking informed decisions and policymaking.

Cities Transformed

Author : Mark R. Montgomery
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134031734
Total Pages : 585 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Cities Transformed by : Mark R. Montgomery

Download or read book Cities Transformed written by Mark R. Montgomery and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the next 20 years, most low-income countries will, for the first time, become more urban than rural. Understanding demographic trends in the cities of the developing world is critical to those countries - their societies, economies, and environments. The benefits from urbanization cannot be overlooked, but the speed and sheer scale of this transformation presents many challenges. In this uniquely thorough and authoritative volume, 16 of the world's leading scholars on urban population and development have worked together to produce the most comprehensive and detailed analysis of the changes taking place in cities and their implications and impacts. They focus on population dynamics, social and economic differentiation, fertility and reproductive health, mortality and morbidity, labor force, and urban governance. As many national governments decentralize and devolve their functions, the nature of urban management and governance is undergoing fundamental transformation, with programs in poverty alleviation, health, education, and public services increasingly being deposited in the hands of untested municipal and regional governments. Cities Transformed identifies a new class of policy maker emerging to take up the growing responsibilities. Drawing from a wide variety of data sources, many of them previously inaccessible, this essential text will become the benchmark for all involved in city-level research, policy, planning, and investment decisions. The National Research Council is a private, non-profit institution based in Washington, DC, providing services to the US government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The editors are members of the Council's Panel on Urban Population Dynamics.

OECD Urban Studies Cities in the World A New Perspective on Urbanisation

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264376666
Total Pages : 171 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (643 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD Urban Studies Cities in the World A New Perspective on Urbanisation by : OECD

Download or read book OECD Urban Studies Cities in the World A New Perspective on Urbanisation written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2020-06-16 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cities are not only home to around half of the global population but also major centers of economic activity and innovation. Yet, so far there has been no consensus of what a city really is. Substantial differences in the way cities, metropolitan, urban, and rural areas are defined across countries hinder robust international comparisons and an accurate monitoring of SDGs. The report Cities in the World: A New Perspective on Urbanisation addresses this void and provides new insights on urbanisation by applying for the first time two new definitions of human settlements to the entire globe: the Degree of Urbanisation and the Functional Urban Area.

Urbanization and child nutritional outcomes

Author : Amare, Mulubrhan
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 25 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Urbanization and child nutritional outcomes by : Amare, Mulubrhan

Download or read book Urbanization and child nutritional outcomes written by Amare, Mulubrhan and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2017-11-02 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we investigate the implications of urbanization on child nutritional outcomes using satellite-based nighttime light intensity data as a proxy for urbanization and urban growth. We employ two rounds (2008 and 2013) of geo-referenced and nationally representative Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from Nigeria. The DHS data provide detailed anthropometric measures of child nutritional outcomes along with a series of control variables. We merge these geo-referenced DHS data with nighttime light intensity data for the survey clusters in which the DHS sample households reside. This nighttime light introduces a continuous gradient of urbanization permitting investigation of the implications of urbanization on child nutritional outcomes along an urbanization continuum. The longitudinal nature of the nighttime data allows us to examine the dynamics of urbanization and its implication on child nutrition.

Challenges in Infectious Diseases

Author : I.W. Fong
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461444969
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Challenges in Infectious Diseases by : I.W. Fong

Download or read book Challenges in Infectious Diseases written by I.W. Fong and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-06 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This next volume in the series will provide up to date Information and discussion on future approach to control several challenging Infectious Disease worldwide. The past decade has been highlighted by numerous advances in research of medical scientific knowledge. medical technology and the biological and diagnostic techniques-but somewhat less dramatic changes or improvement in management of medical conditions. This volume will address some of the emerging issues, challenges, and controversies in Infectious Diseases.

Urbanization and Child Nutritional Outcomes

Author : Mulubrhan Amare
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (128 download)

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Book Synopsis Urbanization and Child Nutritional Outcomes by : Mulubrhan Amare

Download or read book Urbanization and Child Nutritional Outcomes written by Mulubrhan Amare and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The implications of urbanization on child nutritional outcomes are investigated using satellite-based nighttime light intensity data as a marker of urbanization with data from two rounds of the Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey. Nighttime light introduces a gradient of urbanization permitting investigation of the implications of urbanization on child nutritional outcomes along an urbanization continuum. Nightlight is found to significantly predict child nutritional outcomes even after controlling for observable covariates known to influence child nutrition. In all specifications, improvements in child nutrition outcomes onset with relatively low levels of light emissions and continue rapidly as nightlight intensity increases before largely leveling off. These nonlinear relationships highlight the value of nightlight as a population agglomeration indicator relative to traditional binary rural-urban indicators. Consistent with other recent work, patterns of urbanization influence welfare outcomes. At least for Nigeria, a pattern that extends the benefits of urban agglomeration to larger shares of the population would speed improvements to child nutritional outcomes.

World Urbanization Prospects

Author : United Nations Publications
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789211483192
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (831 download)

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Book Synopsis World Urbanization Prospects by : United Nations Publications

Download or read book World Urbanization Prospects written by United Nations Publications and published by . This book was released on 2019-10-18 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report presents findings from the 2018 revision of World Urbanization Prospects, which contains the latest estimates of the urban and rural populations or areas from 1950 to 2018 and projections to 2050, as well as estimates of population size from 1950 to 2018 and projections to 2030 for all urban agglomerations with 300,000 inhabitants or more in 2018. The world urban population is at an all-time high, and the share of urban dwellers, is projected to represent two thirds of the global population in 2050. Continued urbanization will bring new opportunities and challenges for sustainable development.

Urban Health

Author : David Vlahov
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470880848
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Health by : David Vlahov

Download or read book Urban Health written by David Vlahov and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-10-15 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the twentieth century, the urban settings of the wealthy nations were largely associated with opportunity, accumulation of wealth, and better health than their rural counterparts. In the twenty-first century, demographic changes, globalization, and climate change are having important health consequences on wealthy nations and especially on low- and middle-income countries. The increasing concentration of poverty and significant inequalities between urban neighborhoods and the physical and social environments in cities are important determinants of population health. In this important new book, experts identify the priority problems and outline solutions that can generate and sustain healthy urban environments. Foreword by Michael H. Bloomberg Contributors include: Sue Atkinson, John G. Bartlett, Angela Beaton, Karl Brown, Pamela Ligouri Bunker, Robert J. Bunker, Scott Burris, Waleska Teixeira Caiffa, Roel A. Coutinho, Manuel Carballo, Ruth Colagiuri, Beatriz de Faria Leao, Amélia Augusta de Lima Friche, Alex Ezeh, Geoff Green, Claudio Giulliano da Costa Octavio Gómez-Dantés, Ruth Finkelstein, Julio Frenk, Nicholas Freudenberg, Fu Hua, Sandro Galea, Ticia Gerber, Carola Hein, Catherine Hull, Tord Kjellstrom, Jacob Kumaresan, Catherine Ronald Labonté, Stephen Leeder, Godfrey Mbarauku, Gordon McGranahan, Patricia Monge, Mark R. Montgomery, Martin Mulenga, Ana Luiza Nabuco, Julie Netherland, Ndioro Ndiaye, Rougui Ndiaye-Coïc, Kalala Ngalamulume, Danielle Ompad, Stipe Oreskovic, Ariel Pablos-Méndez, Jonathan Parkinson, Fernando Augusto Proietti, Thomas C. Quinn, Carlos E. Restrepo, Kevin J. Robinson, Jonathan M. Samet, David Satterthwaite, Richard H. Schneider, Ted Schrecker, Elliott Sclar, Maria Steenland, Agis Tsouros, Arnoud P. Verhoeff, Nicole Volavka-Close, Michael Ward, Vanessa Watson, Rae Zimmerman.

Migrants, Markets, and Mayors

Author : Luc Christiaensen
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464820236
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Migrants, Markets, and Mayors by : Luc Christiaensen

Download or read book Migrants, Markets, and Mayors written by Luc Christiaensen and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2024-01-12 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on migration and urban development in Africa has primarily focused on larger cities and rural-to-urban migration. However, 97 percent of Africa’s urban centers have fewer than 300,000 inhabitants, and a sizable share of urban migrants come from other urban areas. A more holistic and dynamic perspective, incorporating migration flows along the full urban hierarchy, as well as urban-urban migrants, is needed to better understand and leverage migration for urban development. Migrants, Markets, and Mayors: Rising above the Employment Challenge in Africa’s Secondary Cities draws on demographic data, research literature, key informant interviews, and empirical research to better understand how migrants in Africa’s secondary cities fare in urban labor markets, how they affect aggregate urban productivity, and how mayors can leverage migrants’ potential to the benefit of all. It explores these questions across countries and four urban case settings: Jijiga in Ethiopia, Jinja in Uganda, and Jendouba and Kairouan in Tunisia. Although mayors in secondary cities often see migrants as a burden to their cities’ labor markets and a threat to development, the report finds that migrants contribute increasingly less to urban population growth and that they usually strengthen the resident labor force. The report also finds that labor market outcomes for migrants are at least as good as those for nonmigrants. Africa’s secondary cities are well placed to leverage migration, but evidence-based policies are needed to manage the growth and development of land and labor markets. The report reviews policy options that mayors can take to strengthen the financial, technical, and planning capacity of secondary cities and better leverage migration to benefit migrants and nonmigrants alike. ----------- "Much of the literature on migration to cities examines migration in a nonspatial fashion or focuses on rural-urban migration to the largest, most visible cities. This volume fills a gap by focusing on migration to secondary cities, coming up with a compelling set of facts. Overall, the volume is very well done and sets a benchmark for future research." †“ J. Vernon Henderson, School Professor of Economic Geography, London School of Economics

What Makes Cities Healthy?

Author : Shahid Yusuf
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 59 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis What Makes Cities Healthy? by : Shahid Yusuf

Download or read book What Makes Cities Healthy? written by Shahid Yusuf and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The benefits of good health to individuals and to society are strongly positive and improving the health of the poor is a key Millennium Development Goal. A typical health strategy advocated by some is increased public spending on health targeted to favor the poor and backed by foreign assistance, as well as by an international effort to perfect drugs and vaccines to ameliorate infectious diseases bedeviling the developing nations. But if the objective is better health outcomes at the least cost and a reduction in urban health inequity, the authors' research suggests that the four most potent policy interventions are: water and sanitation systems; urban land use and transport planning; effective primary care and health programs aimed at influencing diets and lifestyles; and education. The payoff from these four in terms of health outcomes dwarf the returns from new drugs and curative hospital-based medicine, although these certainly have their place in a modern urban health system. And the authors find that the resource requirements for successful health care policies are likely to depend on an acceleration of economic growth rates which increase household purchasing power and enlarge the pool of resources available to national and subnational governments to invest in health-related infrastructure and services. Thus, an acceleration of growth rates may be necessary to sustain a viable urban health strategy which is equitable and to ensure steady gains in health outcomes.

The Bioarchaeology of Urbanization

Author : Tracy K. Betsinger
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030534170
Total Pages : 539 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis The Bioarchaeology of Urbanization by : Tracy K. Betsinger

Download or read book The Bioarchaeology of Urbanization written by Tracy K. Betsinger and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-05 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urbanization has long been a focus of bioarchaeological research, but what is missing from the literature is an exploration of the geographic and temporal range of human biological, demographic, and sociocultural responses to this major shift in settlement pattern. Urbanization is characterized by increased population size and density, and is frequently assumed to produce negative biological effects. However, the relationship between urbanization and human “health” requires careful examination given the heterogeneity that exists within and between urban contexts. Studies of contemporary urbanization have found both positive and negative outcomes, which likely have parallels in past human societies. This volume is unique as there is no current bioarchaeological book addressing urbanization, despite various studies of urbanization having been conducted. Collectively, this volume provides a more holistic understanding of the relationships between urbanization and various aspects of human population health. The insight gained from this volume will provide not only a better understanding of urbanization in our past, but it will also have potential implications for those studying urbanization in contemporary communities.

Healthy Longevity in China

Author : Yi Zeng
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402067526
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Healthy Longevity in China by : Yi Zeng

Download or read book Healthy Longevity in China written by Yi Zeng and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-10 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Key research in the world’s largest aging population – in China – has fed into this important new work, which aims to answer questions critical to older people worldwide. These include: is the period of disability compressing or expanding with increasing life expectancy and what factors are associated with these trends in the recent decades? And is it possible to realize morbidity compression with a prolongation of the life span in the future? Essential reading for gerontologists.

Health in Megacities and Urban Areas

Author : Alexander Krämer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3790827339
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Health in Megacities and Urban Areas by : Alexander Krämer

Download or read book Health in Megacities and Urban Areas written by Alexander Krämer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-07-06 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diverse driving forces, processes and actors are responsible for different trends in the development of megacities and large urban areas. Under the dynamics of global change, megacities are themselves changing: On the one hand they are prone to increasing socio-economic vulnerability due to pronounced poverty, socio-spatial and political fragmentation, sometimes with extreme forms of segregation, disparities and conflicts. On the other hand megacities offer positive potential for global transformation, e.g. minimisation of space consumption, highly effective use of resources, efficient disaster prevention and health care options – if good strategies were developed. At present in many megacities and urban areas of the developing world and the emerging economies the quality of life is eroding. Most of the megacities have grown to unprecedented size, and the pace of urbanisation has far exceeded the growth of the necessary infrastructure and services. As a result, an increasing number of urban dwellers are left without access to basic amenities like clean drinking water, fresh air and safe food. Additionally, social inequalities lead to subsequent and significant intra-urban health inequalities and unbalanced disease burdens that can trigger conflict and violence between subpopulations. The guiding idea of our book lies in a multi- and interdisciplinary approach to the complex topic of megacities and urban health that can only be adequately understood when different disciplines share their knowledge and methodological tools to work together. We hope that the book will allow readers to deepen their understanding of the complex dynamics of urban and megacity populations through the lens of public health, geographical and other research perspectives.

Urbanization and Fertility Decline

Author : George Martine
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781843699958
Total Pages : 43 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis Urbanization and Fertility Decline by : George Martine

Download or read book Urbanization and Fertility Decline written by George Martine and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

World Cities Report 2020

Author : United Nations
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789211328721
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (287 download)

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Book Synopsis World Cities Report 2020 by : United Nations

Download or read book World Cities Report 2020 written by United Nations and published by . This book was released on 2020-11-30 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a rapidly urbanizing and globalized world, cities have been the epicentres of COVID-19 (coronavirus). The virus has spread to virtually all parts of the world; first, among globally connected cities, then through community transmission and from the city to the countryside. This report shows that the intrinsic value of sustainable urbanization can and should be harnessed for the wellbeing of all. It provides evidence and policy analysis of the value of urbanization from an economic, social and environmental perspective. It also explores the role of innovation and technology, local governments, targeted investments and the effective implementation of the New Urban Agenda in fostering the value of sustainable urbanization.