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Decret De La Convention Nationale Du 12 Janvier 1793 Lan Second De La Republique Francoise Qui Met A La Disposition Du Ministre Des Contributions Un Million Pour La Fabrication Des Assignats
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Book Synopsis Décret de la Convention nationale, du 12 janvier 1793, l'an second de la République françoise, qui met à la disposition du ministre des contributions, un million pour la fabrication des assignats.. by : France. Convention nationale
Download or read book Décret de la Convention nationale, du 12 janvier 1793, l'an second de la République françoise, qui met à la disposition du ministre des contributions, un million pour la fabrication des assignats.. written by France. Convention nationale and published by . This book was released on 1793 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Décret de la Convention nationale, du 22 janvier 1793, l'an second de la République françoise, qui met à la disposition du ministre des contributions, cinq cent mille livres, pour fournir des secours provisoires aux gagistes, pensionnaires de la liste civile.. by : France. Convention nationale
Download or read book Décret de la Convention nationale, du 22 janvier 1793, l'an second de la République françoise, qui met à la disposition du ministre des contributions, cinq cent mille livres, pour fournir des secours provisoires aux gagistes, pensionnaires de la liste civile.. written by France. Convention nationale and published by . This book was released on 1793 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Décret de la Convention nationale, du 19 août 1793, l'an second de la République françoise, une & indivisible, qui met trois millions à la disposition du ministre des contributions publiques pour le service des postes by : France. Convention nationale
Download or read book Décret de la Convention nationale, du 19 août 1793, l'an second de la République françoise, une & indivisible, qui met trois millions à la disposition du ministre des contributions publiques pour le service des postes written by France. Convention nationale and published by . This book was released on 1793 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Decret de la Convention nationale, du 5 juin 1793, l'an second de la Republique francoise, qui met un million a la disposition du ministre de l'interieur pour les depenses des depots de mendicite by : France
Download or read book Decret de la Convention nationale, du 5 juin 1793, l'an second de la Republique francoise, qui met un million a la disposition du ministre de l'interieur pour les depenses des depots de mendicite written by France and published by . This book was released on 1793 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Décret de la Convention nationale, du 8 janvier 1793, l'an 2.me de la République françoise, qui met à la disposition du ministre de l'intérieur, la somme de quatre cent mille livres pour les dépenses de l'hôtel des Invalides.. by : France. Convention nationale
Download or read book Décret de la Convention nationale, du 8 janvier 1793, l'an 2.me de la République françoise, qui met à la disposition du ministre de l'intérieur, la somme de quatre cent mille livres pour les dépenses de l'hôtel des Invalides.. written by France. Convention nationale and published by . This book was released on 1793 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Décret de la Convention nationale, du I.er janvier 1793, l'an second de la République françoise, portant que la trésorerie nationale tiendra à la disposition du ministre de la guerre la somme de 1,235,000 livres, pour l'approvisionnement des chaussettes & bracelets de laine.. by : France. Convention nationale
Download or read book Décret de la Convention nationale, du I.er janvier 1793, l'an second de la République françoise, portant que la trésorerie nationale tiendra à la disposition du ministre de la guerre la somme de 1,235,000 livres, pour l'approvisionnement des chaussettes & bracelets de laine.. written by France. Convention nationale and published by . This book was released on 1793 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The French Revolution Seen from the Right by : Paul Harold Beik
Download or read book The French Revolution Seen from the Right written by Paul Harold Beik and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Path Not Taken written by Jeff Horn and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2008-08-29 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Path Not Taken, Jeff Horn argues that—contrary to standard, Anglocentric accounts—French industrialization was not a failed imitation of the laissez-faire British model but the product of a distinctive industrial policy that led, over the long term, to prosperity comparable to Britain's. Despite the upheavals of the Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars, France developed and maintained its own industrial strengths. France was then able to take full advantage of the new technologies and industries that emerged in the "second industrial revolution," and by the end of the nineteenth century some of France's industries were outperforming Britain's handily. The Path Not Taken shows that the foundations of this success were laid during the first industrial revolution. Horn posits that the French state's early attempt to emulate Britain's style of industrial development foundered because of revolutionary politics. The "threat from below" made it impossible for the state or entrepreneurs to control and exploit laborers in the British manner. The French used different means to manage labor unruliness and encourage innovation and entrepreneurialism. Technology is at the heart of Horn's analysis, and he shows that France, unlike England, often preferred still-profitable older methods of production in order to maintain employment and forestall revolution. Horn examines the institutional framework established by Napoleon's most important Minister of the Interior, Jean-Antoine Chaptal. He focuses on textiles, chemicals, and steel, looks at how these new institutions created a new industrial environment. Horn's illuminating comparison of French and British industrialization should stir debate among historians, economists, and political scientists.
Book Synopsis The French Revolution: From its origins to 1793 by : Georges Lefebvre
Download or read book The French Revolution: From its origins to 1793 written by Georges Lefebvre and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1962 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Thomas Paine and the French Revolution by : Carine Lounissi
Download or read book Thomas Paine and the French Revolution written by Carine Lounissi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-12 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores Thomas Paine's French decade, from the publication of the first part of Rights of Man in the spring of 1791 to his return trip to the United States in the fall of 1802. It examines Paine's multifarious activities during this period as a thinker, writer, member of the French Convention, lobbyist, adviser to French governments, officious diplomat and propagandist. Using previously neglected sources and archival material, Carine Lounissi demonstrates both how his republicanism was challenged, bolstered and altered by this French experience, and how his positions at key moments of the history of the French experiment forced major participants in the Revolution to defend or question the kind of regime or of republic they wished to set up. As a member of the Lafayette circle when writing the manuscript of Rights of Man, of the Girondin constellation in the Convention, one of the few democrats who defended universal suffrage after Thermidor, and as a member of the Constitutional Circle which promoted a kind of republic which did not match his ideas, Paine baffled his contemporaries and still puzzles the present-day scholar. This book intends to offer a new perspective on Paine, and on how this major agent of revolutions contributed to the debate on the French Revolution both in France and outside France.
Download or read book Choosing Terror written by Marisa Linton and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-06-20 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the leaders of the French Revolution - Robespierre and his fellow Jacobins - and particularly the gradual process whereby many of them came to 'choose terror', evolving from humanitarian idealists into ruthless politicians, ready to adopt the use of terror to defend the Revolution.
Book Synopsis Realism and Revolution by : Sandy Petrey
Download or read book Realism and Revolution written by Sandy Petrey and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-10-18 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sandy Petrey here looks at the emergence of nineteenth-century French realism in the light of the concept of speech acts as defined by J. L. Austin and as exemplified by the history of the French Revolution. Through analysis of the techniques of representation in works by Balzac, Stendhal, and Zola, Petrey suggests that the expression of a truth depends on the same collective forces necessary to change a regime. According to Petrey, political legitimacy in the Revolution, the Empire, and the Restoration was established by means of a series of demonstrations that what words say cannot be interpreted without reference to the community to which they speak. Petrey first discusses the creation of France's National Assembly in 1789 as a foundational example of how speech acts can bring about historical transformation. He then challenges the most powerful twentieth-century assault on realist aesthetics, Roland Barthes's S/Z, and also considers the views of such contemporary critics as Jacques Derrida, Barbara Johnson, and Stanley Fish. During the Revolution, Petrey says, statements of truth were not descriptions of what was, but rather exhortations to produce what was not. Nineteenth-century French fiction represents in literary form a similar collectively authorized linguistic performance; the "real" in realism comes from representing facts not as they are in themselves but as they are produced and rejected in society. In the course of illuminating readings of three central realist works—Balzac's Pere Goriot, Stendhal's The Red and the Black, and Zola's Germinal—Petrey takes the position that the dilemmas of representation, far from being one of realism's blind spots, figure among its major narrative subjects.
Book Synopsis In Humbert's Footsteps by : Stephen Dunford
Download or read book In Humbert's Footsteps written by Stephen Dunford and published by Fado Books. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The People of Paris by : Daniel Roche
Download or read book The People of Paris written by Daniel Roche and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1987-05-12 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In his collective portrait of the common people, Roche offers a rich and fascinating description of their lives—their housing, food, dress, financial dealings, literature, domestic life, and leisure time. Roche’s highly readable style and use of contemporary quotations enliven the reader’s view of eighteenth-century Paris and Parisians.
Book Synopsis Engineering the Revolution by : Ken Alder
Download or read book Engineering the Revolution written by Ken Alder and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-04-15 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineering the Revolution documents the forging of a new relationship between technology and politics in Revolutionary France, and the inauguration of a distinctively modern form of the “technological life.” Here, Ken Alder rewrites the history of the eighteenth century as the total history of one particular artifact—the gun—by offering a novel and historical account of how material artifacts emerge as the outcome of political struggle. By expanding the “political” to include conflict over material objects, this volume rethinks the nature of engineering rationality, the origins of mass production, the rise of meritocracy, and our interpretation of the Enlightenment and the French Revolution.
Book Synopsis French Finances 1770-1795 by : J. F. Bosher
Download or read book French Finances 1770-1795 written by J. F. Bosher and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1970-11-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The monarchy of Louis XVI suffered revolution and then destruction after failing to settle its financial difficulties. What precisely were those difficulties? In this book, Professor Bosher shows that the monarchy was financed by a chaotic system of private enterprise which proved increasingly unmanageable and wasteful. Hundreds of profit-seeking accountants - 'capitalists', in the language of the time - stood in the way of reform and even of clear accounting until governments of the French Revolution eventually nationalized the financial system and changed it 'from capitalism into a bureaucracy'. From his close study of the administrative changes Professor Bosher concludes that the National Assembly planned to guard the public finances by bureaucratic organization. 'With a vision of mechanical efficiency and articulation', he writes, 'systems of clock-like checks and balances such as eighteenth-century Frenchmen found everywhere, even in nature itself, the revolutionary planners hoped to prevent corruption, putting their faith in the virtues of organization to offset the vices of the individual men.'
Book Synopsis Nationalizing Science by : Alan J. Rocke
Download or read book Nationalizing Science written by Alan J. Rocke and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2000-11-08 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After looking at the early careers of Wurtz's two mentors, Liebig and Jean-Baptiste Dumas, Rocke describes Wurtz's life and career in the politically complex period leading up to 1853. He then discusses the turning point in Wurtz's intellectual life—his conversion to the "reformed chemistry" of Laurent, Gerhardt, and Williamson—and his efforts to persuade his colleagues of the advantages of the new system. In 1869, Adolphe Wurtz (1817-1884) called chemistry "a French science." In fact, however, Wurtz was the most internationalist of French chemists. Born in Strasbourg and educated partly in the laboratory of the great Justus Liebig, he spent his career in Paris, where he devoted himself to introducing German ideas into French scientific circles. His life therefore provides an excellent vehicle for considering the divergent trajectories of French and German chemistry—and, by extension, French and German science—during this crucial period. After looking at the early careers of Wurtz's two mentors, Liebig and Jean-Baptiste Dumas, Rocke describes Wurtz's life and career in the politically complex period leading up to 1853. He then discusses the turning point in Wurtz's intellectual life—his conversion to the "reformed chemistry" of Laurent, Gerhardt, and Williamson—and his efforts (social and political, as well as scientific) to persuade his colleagues of the advantages of the new system. He looks at political patronage, or the lack thereof, and at the insufficient material support from the French government, during the middle decades of the century. From there Rocke goes on to examine the rivalry between Wurtz and Marcellin Berthelot, the debate over atoms versus equivalents, and the reasons for Wurtz's failure to win acceptance for his ideas. The story offers insights into the changing status of science in this period, and helps to explain the eventual course of both French and German chemistry.
