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China In The World Trade Organization Fulfillment Of Investment Related Reform Commitments As Per Wto Accession Protocol
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Book Synopsis China in the World Trade Organization. Fulfillment of Investment-Related Reform Commitments as per WTO Accession Protocol by : Lukas Lindemann
Download or read book China in the World Trade Organization. Fulfillment of Investment-Related Reform Commitments as per WTO Accession Protocol written by Lukas Lindemann and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2020-06-24 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Project Report from the year 2020 in the subject Economics - International Economic Relations, grade: 1,0, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, course: China in the World Economy, language: English, abstract: The paper examines whether China fulfilled its reform commitments as set out in the WTO Accession Protocol for China and its appendixes. The paper focuses on investment-related reform commitments (non-discrimination/national treatment, forced technology transfers, intellectual property regime, SOEs and subsidies). China has been exposed to criticism that the requirements and obligations set out in the WTO protocol have not been fully met. China has faced backlash for the unequal treatment of foreign companies compared to domestic companies, for instance regarding market entry conditions, forced transfers of technology and know-how, the protection of intellectual property rights, the award of contracts in public tender procedures and access to financing. The People’s Republic of China was also accused of strong state intervention and SOE subsidies to enable highly competitive prices in global trade, for example causing dumping prices. Arguably, this public opinion has gained even more traction due to the ongoing US-China trade war, with US-American punitive tariffs on Chinese exports exceeding US$ 500bn by 2020.
Download or read book China and the WTO written by Esther Lam and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2009-10-08 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Joining the World Trade Organization (WTO) enables China to reform its legal order and to move towards a system incorporating major principles of the rule of law. The WTO also serves as an external impetus that guides contemporary Chinese legal reform and orients it in ways that domestic forces alone could not achieve and sustain. Much discussion on the WTO and the Chinese legal system has focused on the issue of compliance ― whether the Chinese legal system has the capacity to fulfill China’s WTO accession commitments. The focus of this work is less concerned with compliance issues per se, but rather with the extent to which the WTO’s requirements vis-à-vis China actually affect the Chinese legal system. The fine difference between the two approaches lies in the fact that efforts by the Chinese government to meet its WTO obligations necessarily impact the Chinese legal order and its way of functioning, even if their end results may or may not lead to full compliance with what is required of it by the WTO. This timely work exposes many behind-the-scene dealings and relies on valuable information that is not publicly available. Not only does it preserve for the historical record important details of the Chinese WTO accession, it also sheds light on the travaux préparatoires of China’s accession agreement and the negotiation history of important issues, some of which remain relevant and highly contentious today. As expressed by WTO Director-General Pascal Lamy in his foreword to the book, ‘through this work, Esther Lam succeeds in demonstrating how WTO membership can benefit both the acceding country and the wider WTO family of nations.’
Book Synopsis China and the WTO by : Petros C. Mavroidis
Download or read book China and the WTO written by Petros C. Mavroidis and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-01-05 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "China's accession to the World Trade Organisation (WTO) in 2001 was hailed as the natural conclusion of a long march that started with the reforms introduced by Deng Xiaoping in the 1970s. However, China's participation in the WTO since joining has been anything but smooth, and its self-proclaimed "socialist market economy" system has alienated many of its global trading partners - as recent tensions with the United States exemplify. Prevailing diplomatic attitudes tend to focus on two diametrically opposing approaches to dealing with the emerging problems: the first is to demand that China completely overhaul its economic regime; the second is to stay idle and accept that the WTO must accommodate different economic regimes, no matter how idiosyncratic and incompatible. In this book, Mavroidis and Sapir propose a third approach. They point out that, while the WTO (as well as its predecessor, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade [GATT]) has previously managed the accession of socialist countries or of big trading nations, it has never before dealt with a country as large or as powerful as China. Therefore, in order to simultaneously uphold its core principles and accommodate China's unique geopolitical position, the authors argue that the WTO needs to translate some of its implicit legal understanding into explicit treaty language. Focusing on two core complaints - that Chinese state-owned enterprises (SOEs) benefit from unfair trade advantages, and that domestic companies (both private as well as SOEs) impose forced technology transfer on foreign companies as a condition for accessing the Chinese market - they lay out their specific proposals for successful legislative amendment"--.
Book Synopsis The Impact of China's WTO Accession on East Asia by : Elena Ianchovichina
Download or read book The Impact of China's WTO Accession on East Asia written by Elena Ianchovichina and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: China's World Trade Organization (WTO) accession will have major implications for China and present both opportunities and challenges for East Asia. Ianchovichina and Walmsley assess the possible channels through which China's accession to the WTO could affect East Asia and quantify these effects using a dynamic computable general equilibrium model. China will be the biggest beneficiary of accession, followed by the industrial and newly industrializing economies (NIEs) in East Asia. But their benefits are small relative to the size of their economies and to the vigorous growth projected to occur in the region over the next 10 years. By contrast, developing countries in East Asia are expected to incur small declines in real GDP and welfare as a result of China's accession, mainly because with the elimination of quotas on Chinese textile and apparel exports to industrial countries China will become a formidable competitor in areas in which these countries have comparative advantage. With WTO accession China will increase its demand for petrochemicals, electronics, machinery, and equipment from Japan and the NIEs, and farm, timber, energy products, and other manufactures from the developing countries in East Asia. New foreign investment is likely to flow into these expanding sectors. The overall impact on foreign investment is likely to be positive in the NIEs, but negative for the less developed East Asian countries as a result of the contraction of these economies' textile and apparel sector. As China becomes a more efficient supplier of services or a more efficient producer of high-end manufactures, its comparative advantage will shift into higher-end products. This is good news for the poor developing economies in East Asia, but it implies that the impact of China's WTO accession on the NIEs may change to include heightened competition in global markets. This paper"a product of the Economic Policy Division, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Network"is part of a larger effort in the network to assess the impact of China's WTO accession.
Book Synopsis Trade Liberalization in China's Accession to the World Trade Organization by : Elena Ianchovichina
Download or read book Trade Liberalization in China's Accession to the World Trade Organization written by Elena Ianchovichina and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China's forthcoming access to the World Trade Organization involves reform in many sectors, both domestic and trade-related. The starting point for reform is a partially reformed economy with relatively high import duties, in which export sectors benefit from liberal duty exemptions on inputs. Both China and its major trading partners will gain from access - with China gaining most (perhaps half of the estimated $56 billion in annual welfare gains). Some developing countries will suffer small losses because of increased competition from China. The adjustments required are greatly reduced by China's dramatic liberalization in the 1990s.
Book Synopsis World Trade Organization U.S. companies' views on China's implementation of its commitments. by :
Download or read book World Trade Organization U.S. companies' views on China's implementation of its commitments. written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2004 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis China's Accession to the World Trade Organization by :
Download or read book China's Accession to the World Trade Organization written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis China and the WTO - A Critical Analysis by : Junzhai Ma
Download or read book China and the WTO - A Critical Analysis written by Junzhai Ma and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2012-11-30 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diploma Thesis from the year 2007 in the subject Economics - Case Scenarios, grade: 2.0, University of Tubingen, language: English, abstract: This paper gives an analysis of China’s entry process into the WTO and an assessment on China’s accession commitment. The most important aspect of China’s performance and implementation is then analysed. The paper researches the impact that the WTO membership has brought to China and the world. The impact on rule of law is researched and the impact on trade growth as well as employment are analysed.
Book Synopsis Trade Liberalization in China's Accession to the World Trade Organization by : Elena Ianchovichina
Download or read book Trade Liberalization in China's Accession to the World Trade Organization written by Elena Ianchovichina and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China's forthcoming access to the World Trade Organization involves reform in many sectors, both domestic and trade-related. The starting point for reform is a partially reformed economy with relatively high import duties, in which export sectors benefit from liberal duty exemptions on inputs. Both China and its major trading partners will gain from access - with China gaining most (perhaps half of the estimated $56 billion in annual welfare gains). Some developing countries will suffer small losses because of increased competition from China. The adjustments required are greatly reduced by China's dramatic liberalization in the 1990s.Before reform, China's trade was dominated by a few foreign trade corporations with monopolies on the trade of specific ranges of products. Planners could control imports through these corporations so there was little need for conventional instruments such as tariffs, quotas, and licenses. Trade reforms increased the range of enterprises eligible to trade in specific commodities and led to the development of indirect new trade instruments, such as duty exemptions. Duty exemptions almost completely liberalized the imports of intermediate inputs used to produce exports and investment goods used in join ventures with foreign enterprises.Comprehensive liberalization measures in China's World Trade Organization (WTO) accession package will help ease this problem as tariff reduction reduces the costs of domestic inputs to exporters. WTO commitments will also lead to the abolition of most nontariff barriers and of quotas on textiles and clothing.With accession, China's share of world exports may almost double between 1995 and 2005 - an estimate that is smaller than those found in studies that do not incorporate duty exemptions. (Duty exemptions were a form of partial liberalization, so any further reduction in protection will boost trade volume less than some estimate.) With reform, labor-intensive industries are expected to grow most, especially exports of apparel. Wages of unskilled workers should rise.This paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to assess the implications of trade reform for developing countries.
Book Synopsis World Trade Organization selected U.S. company views about China's membership. by :
Download or read book World Trade Organization selected U.S. company views about China's membership. written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Economic Impacts of China's Accession to the World Trade Organization by : Elena Ianchovichina
Download or read book Economic Impacts of China's Accession to the World Trade Organization written by Elena Ianchovichina and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: 1 billion) and trade reforms after accession will lead to additional gains of around : Ianchovichina and Martin present estimates of the impact of accession by China and Chinese Taipei to the World Trade Organization. China is estimated to be the biggest beneficiary, followed by Chinese Taipei and their major trading partners. Accession will boost the labor-intensive manufacturing sectors in China, especially the textiles and apparel sector that will benefit directly from the removal of quotas on textiles and apparel exports to North America and Western Europe. Consequently, developing economies competing with China in third markets may suffer relatively small losses. China has already benefited from the reforms undertaken between 1995 and 2001 (US.
Book Synopsis Most-favoured-nation Treatment by : United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
Download or read book Most-favoured-nation Treatment written by United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The publication contains an explanation of Most Favored Nation (MFN) treatment and some of the key issues that arise in its negotiation, particularly the scope and application of MFN treatment to the liberalization and protection of foreign investors in recent treaty practice. The paper provides policy options as regards the traditional application of MFN treatment and identifies reactions by States to the unexpected broad use of MFN treatment, and provides several drafting options, such as specifying or narrowing down the scope of application of MFN treatment to certain types of activities, clarifying the nature of "treatment" under the IIA, clarifying the comparison that an arbitral tribunal needs to undertake as well as a qualification of the comparison "in like circumstances" or excluding its use in investor-State cases.
Book Synopsis Post-WTO economic effects on state-owned enterprises in China by : Ben Beiske
Download or read book Post-WTO economic effects on state-owned enterprises in China written by Ben Beiske and published by diplom.de. This book was released on 2003-10-21 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: The importance of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) for international free trade today has enticed China to join the WTO in December 2001. The significance of WTO membership for China cannot be underestimated, inevitably speeding up much-needed economic reform in the country. The gradual transition from a planned- to a market-economy is expected to continue in the future. The severity of the impacts for the economy will depend on how successful China is in providing policies that will assist the nation in the major adjustment problems that it faces in the future. The expected, actual, and needed implications for China s state-owned enterprises (SOEs) resulting from WTO membership will be investigated in detail; in the process, the significance of SOEs to the Chinese economy will be highlighted. SOEs are mostly ill- prepared for a post-WTO China, and the dismal state of these companies has already led to the decline of market share in the past decade. For the future, the retreat of the state is likely to continue. The main implications for SOEs from China s WTO membership are seen in the areas of competitiveness, corporate governance, privatisation, mergers and acquisitions, property rights, unemployment, and attracting and retaining qualified personnel. This dissertation offers one of the first detailed insights into the challenges facing China s SOEs today and the implications of China s WTO membership for these companies, while also highlighting the areas that require future attention. The understanding of the role and meaning of SOEs for the Chinese economy is of immense importance for foreign investors wanting to invest in the country, already cooperating with China s SOEs, or looking into the possibility of such. Inhaltsverzeichnis:Table of Contents: I.Table of Contents II.LIST OF TABLESIV III.LIST OF FIGURESV IV.GLOSSARYVI 1.INTRODUCTION1 1.1AIM &OBJECTIVES2 1.2OVERALL RESEARCH APPROACH3 1.3STRUCTURE OF THE DISSERTATION3 2.THE WTO & FREE TRADE4 2.1CHAPTER INTRODUCTION4 2.2THE WTO4 2.2.1UNDERSTANDING THE WTO4 2.2.2THE STRUCTURE &WORKING OF THE WTO7 2.2.3SIGNIFICANCE OF JOINING THE WTO13 2.3CHAPTER CONCLUSION16 3.CHINA & THE WTO18 3.1CHAPTER INTRODUCTION18 3.2CHINA S LONG MARCH TO WTO MEMBERSHIP18 3.2.1PROLONGED DIFFICULTIES19 3.2.2FINAL ACCESSION21 3.3CHAPTER CONCLUSION22 4.METHODOLOGY23 4.1CHAPTER INTRODUCTION23 4.2OVERALL RESEARCH APPROACH23 4.2.1OBJECTIVITY, VALIDITY & [...]
Book Synopsis China's Accession to the World Trade Organization by : Aaditya Mattoo
Download or read book China's Accession to the World Trade Organization written by Aaditya Mattoo and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Politics of China's Accession to the World Trade Organization by : Hui Feng
Download or read book The Politics of China's Accession to the World Trade Organization written by Hui Feng and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2006 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grounded on a series of first-hand interviews with Chinese government officials, this book examines China's accession to the World Trade Organization, providing an 'inside' look at Chinese WTO accession negotiations. Presenting a systematic political economy model in analyzing Beijing's decision-making mechanisms, the book argues that China's WTO policy making is a state-led, leadership driven, and top-down process. Feng explores how China's determined political elite partly bypassed and partly restructured a largely reluctant and resistant bureaucracy, under constant pressure from an increasingly globalized international system. By addressing China's accession to the WTO from a political analysis perspective, the book provides a theoretically informed and intriguing examination of China's foreign economic policy making regime. The book highlights contemporary debates relating to state and institutionalist theory and provides new and useful insights into a significant development of this century.
Book Synopsis The Impact of China's WTO Accession on East Asia by : Elena Ianchovichina
Download or read book The Impact of China's WTO Accession on East Asia written by Elena Ianchovichina and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China's World Trade Organization (WTO) accession will have major implications for China and present both opportunities and challenges for East Asia. Ianchovichina and Walmsley assess the possible channels through which China's accession to the WTO could affect East Asia and quantify these effects using a dynamic computable general equilibrium model. China will be the biggest beneficiary of accession, followed by the industrial and newly industrializing economies (NIEs) in East Asia. But their benefits are small relative to the size of their economies and to the vigorous growth projected to occur in the region over the next 10 years. By contrast, developing countries in East Asia are expected to incur small declines in real GDP and welfare as a result of China's accession, mainly because with the elimination of quotas on Chinese textile and apparel exports to industrial countries China will become a formidable competitor in areas in which these countries have comparative advantage.With WTO accession China will increase its demand for petrochemicals, electronics, machinery, and equipment from Japan and the NIEs, and farm, timber, energy products, and other manufactures from the developing countries in East Asia. New foreign investment is likely to flow into these expanding sectors. The overall impact on foreign investment is likely to be positive in the NIEs, but negative for the less developed East Asian countries as a result of the contraction of these economies' textile and apparel sector. As China becomes a more efficient supplier of services or a more efficient producer of high-end manufactures, its comparative advantage will shift into higher-end products. This is good news for the poor developing economies in East Asia, but it implies that the impact of China's WTO accession on the NIEs may change to include heightened competition in global markets.This paper - a product of the Economic Policy Division, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management Network - is part of a larger effort in the network to assess the impact of China's WTO accession.
Book Synopsis Economic Impacts of China's Accession to the World Trade Organization by : Elena Ianchovichina
Download or read book Economic Impacts of China's Accession to the World Trade Organization written by Elena Ianchovichina and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: 1 billion) and trade reforms after accession will lead to additional gains of around : Ianchovichina and Martin present estimates of the impact of accession by China and Chinese Taipei to the World Trade Organization. China is estimated to be the biggest beneficiary, followed by Chinese Taipei and their major trading partners. Accession will boost the labor-intensive manufacturing sectors in China, especially the textiles and apparel sector that will benefit directly from the removal of quotas on textiles and apparel exports to North America and Western Europe. Consequently, developing economies competing with China in third markets may suffer relatively small losses. China has already benefited from the reforms undertaken between 1995 and 2001 (US.
