Chemosensory Information Processing

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Chemosensory Information Processing

Author : Detlev Schild
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 364275127X
Total Pages : 405 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemosensory Information Processing by : Detlev Schild

Download or read book Chemosensory Information Processing written by Detlev Schild and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In July 1989 a symposium was held at the Physiology Department of the Georg August University, G6ttingen, on the physiological, biophysical, biochemical, and technical principles of the coding of chemical substances both in nervous systems and artificial devices. This book is the collection of the papers presented at that meeting. Biological and artificial systems for odor coding both have in common that the stimulus selectivity of the receptor cells (sensors) is usually very poor, and the mechanisms which determine selectivity and sensitivity are largely unknown. However, a poor selectivity allows the coding of an enormous number of stimuli by combinations of receptor activities. In the field of chemosensory information coding there are thus two major problems: the function of the receptors and the network that processes and evaluates the primary information of the sensors. Accordingly, this volume has three parts: sensors, the network following the sensors, and the coding in this network. The expert secretarial assistance of M. Holtmann in preparing the camera-ready manuscript is gratefully acknowledged. D. Schild G6ttingen, August 1989 CONTENTS l. Response of olfactory receptor cells, isolated and in situ, to low concentrations of odorants 1 Stephan Frings, Bernd Lindemann 2. Excitation and adaptation of frog olfactory receptor neurones upon stimulation with second messengers and natural odorants 9 D. Schild, J. A. DeSimone, S. Hellwig 3. Receptor selectivity and dimensionality of odours at the stage of the olfactory receptor cells 21 GiJJes Sicard 4.

Chemosensory Systems in Mammals, Fishes, and Insects

Author : Wolfgang Meyerhof
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540699198
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemosensory Systems in Mammals, Fishes, and Insects by : Wolfgang Meyerhof

Download or read book Chemosensory Systems in Mammals, Fishes, and Insects written by Wolfgang Meyerhof and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-04-23 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sense of smell has an essential role in locating food, detecting predators, navigating, and communicating social information. Accordingly, the olfactory system has evolved complex repertoires of receptors to face these problems. Although the sense of taste has less far-reaching tasks, they are every bit as essential for the animals well-being, allowing it to reject toxic materials and to select nutritionally valuable food. The last decade has seen a massive advance in understanding the molecular logic of chemosensory information processing, beyond that already achieved in the rst few years following Linda Bucks discovery of odorant receptors. Shortly afterwards, the major principles of olfactory representation had been established in mammals as the one neuron/ one receptor rule and the convergence of neurons, which express the same receptor, onto individual modules in the olfactory bulb. In recent years, such studies have been extended to lower vertebrates, including shes and other phyla, i. e. , arthropods, worms, and insects, showing both the general validity of these concepts and some exceptions to the rule. In parallel, hallmarks of the molecular logic of taste sensation have been deciphered and found to differ in interesting ways from those of smell sensation.

Chemosensory Systems in Mammals, Fishes, and Insects

Author : Wolfgang Meyerhof
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783540866169
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (661 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemosensory Systems in Mammals, Fishes, and Insects by : Wolfgang Meyerhof

Download or read book Chemosensory Systems in Mammals, Fishes, and Insects written by Wolfgang Meyerhof and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-08-29 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sense of smell has an essential role in locating food, detecting predators, navigating, and communicating social information. Accordingly, the olfactory system has evolved complex repertoires of receptors to face these problems. Although the sense of taste has less far-reaching tasks, they are every bit as essential for the animals well-being, allowing it to reject toxic materials and to select nutritionally valuable food. The last decade has seen a massive advance in understanding the molecular logic of chemosensory information processing, beyond that already achieved in the rst few years following Linda Bucks discovery of odorant receptors. Shortly afterwards, the major principles of olfactory representation had been established in mammals as the one neuron/ one receptor rule and the convergence of neurons, which express the same receptor, onto individual modules in the olfactory bulb. In recent years, such studies have been extended to lower vertebrates, including shes and other phyla, i. e. , arthropods, worms, and insects, showing both the general validity of these concepts and some exceptions to the rule. In parallel, hallmarks of the molecular logic of taste sensation have been deciphered and found to differ in interesting ways from those of smell sensation.

Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 7

Author : Gerald Tesauro
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262201049
Total Pages : 1180 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 7 by : Gerald Tesauro

Download or read book Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 7 written by Gerald Tesauro and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 1180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: November 28-December 1, 1994, Denver, Colorado NIPS is the longest running annual meeting devoted to Neural Information Processing Systems. Drawing on such disparate domains as neuroscience, cognitive science, computer science, statistics, mathematics, engineering, and theoretical physics, the papers collected in the proceedings of NIPS7 reflect the enduring scientific and practical merit of a broad-based, inclusive approach to neural information processing. The primary focus remains the study of a wide variety of learning algorithms and architectures, for both supervised and unsupervised learning. The 139 contributions are divided into eight parts: Cognitive Science, Neuroscience, Learning Theory, Algorithms and Architectures, Implementations, Speech and Signal Processing, Visual Processing, and Applications. Topics of special interest include the analysis of recurrent nets, connections to HMMs and the EM procedure, and reinforcement- learning algorithms and the relation to dynamic programming. On the theoretical front, progress is reported in the theory of generalization, regularization, combining multiple models, and active learning. Neuroscientific studies range from the large-scale systems such as visual cortex to single-cell electrotonic structure, and work in cognitive scientific is closely tied to underlying neural constraints. There are also many novel applications such as tokamak plasma control, Glove-Talk, and hand tracking, and a variety of hardware implementations, with particular focus on analog VLSI.

Flavor Perception

Author : Andrew J. Taylor
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1405150017
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Flavor Perception by : Andrew J. Taylor

Download or read book Flavor Perception written by Andrew J. Taylor and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlike other human senses, the exact mechanisms that lead to our perception of flavor have not yet been elucidated. It is recognised that the process involves a wide range of stimuli, which are thought likely to interact in a complex way, but, since the chemical compounds and physical structures that activate the flavor sensors change as the food is eaten, measurements of the changes in stimuli with time are essential to an understanding of the relationship between stimuli and perception. It is clear that we need to consider the whole process - the release of flavor chemicals in the mouth, the transport processes to the receptors, the specificity and characteristics of the receptors, the transduction mechanisms and the subsequent processing of signals locally and at higher centres in the brain. This book provides a state-of-the-art review of our current understanding of the key stages of flavor perception for those working in the flavor field, whether in the academic or industrial sector. In particular, it is directed at food scientists and technologists, ingredients suppliers and sensory scientists.

Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 17

Author : Lawrence K. Saul
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262195348
Total Pages : 1710 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 17 by : Lawrence K. Saul

Download or read book Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 17 written by Lawrence K. Saul and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 1710 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papers presented at NIPS, the flagship meeting on neural computation, held in December 2004 in Vancouver.The annual Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS) conference is the flagship meeting on neural computation. It draws a diverse group of attendees--physicists, neuroscientists, mathematicians, statisticians, and computer scientists. The presentations are interdisciplinary, with contributions in algorithms, learning theory, cognitive science, neuroscience, brain imaging, vision, speech and signal processing, reinforcement learning and control, emerging technologies, and applications. Only twenty-five percent of the papers submitted are accepted for presentation at NIPS, so the quality is exceptionally high. This volume contains the papers presented at the December, 2004 conference, held in Vancouver.

Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 16

Author : Sebastian Thrun
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262201520
Total Pages : 1694 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 16 by : Sebastian Thrun

Download or read book Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 16 written by Sebastian Thrun and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 1694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papers presented at the 2003 Neural Information Processing Conference by leading physicists, neuroscientists, mathematicians, statisticians, and computer scientists. The annual Neural Information Processing (NIPS) conference is the flagship meeting on neural computation. It draws a diverse group of attendees -- physicists, neuroscientists, mathematicians, statisticians, and computer scientists. The presentations are interdisciplinary, with contributions in algorithms, learning theory, cognitive science, neuroscience, brain imaging, vision, speech and signal processing, reinforcement learning and control, emerging technologies, and applications. Only thirty percent of the papers submitted are accepted for presentation at NIPS, so the quality is exceptionally high. This volume contains all the papers presented at the 2003 conference.

The Neurobiology of Olfaction

Author : Anna Menini
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420071998
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis The Neurobiology of Olfaction by : Anna Menini

Download or read book The Neurobiology of Olfaction written by Anna Menini and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-11-24 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive Overview of Advances in OlfactionThe common belief is that human smell perception is much reduced compared with other mammals, so that whatever abilities are uncovered and investigated in animal research would have little significance for humans. However, new evidence from a variety of sources indicates this traditional view is likely

Neural processing of emotion in multimodal settings

Author : Martin Klasen
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889194140
Total Pages : 275 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural processing of emotion in multimodal settings by : Martin Klasen

Download or read book Neural processing of emotion in multimodal settings written by Martin Klasen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-05-06 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our everyday life is characterized by a multitude of emotionally relevant cues that we perceive and communicate via various sensory channels. This does not only encompass the obvious cases of auditory and visual modalities, but also olfactory, gustatory, and even tactile stimuli. Any kind of emotional situation in a natural setting is usually a multimodal experience: A friend welcomes us with warm words, a smile, and a happy voice; the sight of our favourite food is accompanied by a seductive smell and a delicious taste; the thrill of watching an exciting movie scene is intensified by a gripping soundtrack. In these situations, the signals from various senses do not stand on their own; they interact and create a unified emotional experience. Recent neuroscientific research has begun to accommodate this inherent multimodality of emotions in natural situations by studying the interaction of affectively relevant information from more than one sensory channel. Fascinating new aspects emerge concerning the neurobiology of emotion processing, and there is evidence that integrating emotional cues from various sources invokes brain processes that go beyond the well-known patterns observed during unimodal stimulation. The aim of this volume is to present novel and interesting studies dealing with the multimodality of emotions and their neural processing. This includes findings from novel paradigms beyond the classical stimulus-response pattern, fascinating new insights into the interaction of the chemical senses, new analysis methods, comprehensive reviews of selected topics, multimodality in social interactions, and clinical perspectives. Taken together, the studies of this volume thus help us to better understand the interplay of various senses in our daily emotional experiences.

Neuromorphic Olfaction

Author : Krishna C. Persaud
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439871728
Total Pages : 237 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Neuromorphic Olfaction by : Krishna C. Persaud

Download or read book Neuromorphic Olfaction written by Krishna C. Persaud and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many advances have been made in the last decade in the understanding of the computational principles underlying olfactory system functioning. Neuromorphic Olfaction is a collaboration among European researchers who, through NEUROCHEM (Fp7-Grant Agreement Number 216916)-a challenging and innovative European-funded project-introduce novel computing p

The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes

Author : Micah M. Murray
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439812179
Total Pages : 800 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes by : Micah M. Murray

Download or read book The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes written by Micah M. Murray and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-08-25 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has become accepted in the neuroscience community that perception and performance are quintessentially multisensory by nature. Using the full palette of modern brain imaging and neuroscience methods, The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes details current understanding in the neural bases for these phenomena as studied across species, stages of development, and clinical statuses. Organized thematically into nine sub-sections, the book is a collection of contributions by leading scientists in the field. Chapters build generally from basic to applied, allowing readers to ascertain how fundamental science informs the clinical and applied sciences. Topics discussed include: Anatomy, essential for understanding the neural substrates of multisensory processing Neurophysiological bases and how multisensory stimuli can dramatically change the encoding processes for sensory information Combinatorial principles and modeling, focusing on efforts to gain a better mechanistic handle on multisensory operations and their network dynamics Development and plasticity Clinical manifestations and how perception and action are affected by altered sensory experience Attention and spatial representations The last sections of the book focus on naturalistic multisensory processes in three separate contexts: motion signals, multisensory contributions to the perception and generation of communication signals, and how the perception of flavor is generated. The text provides a solid introduction for newcomers and a strong overview of the current state of the field for experts.

The Role of the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract in Gustatory Processing

Author : Robert M. Bradley
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780849342004
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract in Gustatory Processing by : Robert M. Bradley

Download or read book The Role of the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract in Gustatory Processing written by Robert M. Bradley and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-10-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing an essential brainstem relay for three cranial nerves, the NST coordinates highly complex sensory information. While other functions of the NST have received attention, its role in gustatory processing has received little. The first reference devoted exclusively to gustatory processing, The Role of the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract in Gustatory Processing offers an in-depth review of one of the most important central relay stations in the brain. Combining widely dispersed research into a comprehensive single volume, it presents a thorough historical background, documents the anatomy of the rostral nucleus of the solitary tract (rNST), and explores the properties of synaptic transmitters and neurons within that tract. The book examines the role of reflex activities and considers factors that influence how gustatory rNST neurons respond to taste stimuli. It describes the development and maturational changes the rNST undergoes and considers the challenge involved with identifying rNST neural circuits. The Role of the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract in Gustatory Processing brings together expert investigators who have contributed substantially to the current knowledge of the anatomy, physiology, and developmental biology of the solitary nucleus. This pertinent work serves as a standard reference for those involved in the field, providing ready access to past investigations and inviting practitioners to create new approaches that will advance knowledge about the central processing of gustatory information.

Cerebral Signal Transduction

Author : Maarten E. A. Reith
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1592590195
Total Pages : 423 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Cerebral Signal Transduction by : Maarten E. A. Reith

Download or read book Cerebral Signal Transduction written by Maarten E. A. Reith and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-02-16 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the pioneering discovery of cyclic AMP four decades ago, a multitude of signaling pathways have been uncovered in which an extracellular signal (first messenger) impacts the cell surface, thereby triggering a cascade that ultimately acts on the cell nucleus. In each cascade the first messenger gives rise to the appearance of a second messenger such as cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP, or diacylglycerol, which in turn triggers a third messenger, a fourth messenger, and so forth. Many advances in elucidating such pathways have been made, including efforts to link messenger molecules to brain processes operative in health or disease. However, the latter type of information, relating signaling pathways to brain function, is scattered across a variety of publication media, which makes it difficult to integrate the multiple roles of different signaling cascades into our understanding of brain function in health and disease. The primary aim of Cerebral Signal Transduction: From First to Fourth Messengers, therefore, is to offer a comprehensive picture of the recent advances made in the signaling field as it relates to neuronal and cere bral function. The current state of progress provides an exciting opportunity for such a comprehensive focus because molecular tools have become available to selectively remove, reduce, or enhance spe cific components in the signaling pathways, e. g. , by interfering with the genes encoding key proteins. In addition, the increased awareness of crosstalk between different signaling cascades has revealed many possibilities for changes in gene expression underlying long-term changes in brain function.

The Senses: A Comprehensive Reference

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128054093
Total Pages : 5215 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis The Senses: A Comprehensive Reference by :

Download or read book The Senses: A Comprehensive Reference written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-09-30 with total page 5215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Senses: A Comprehensive Reference, Second Edition, Seven Volume Set is a comprehensive reference work covering the range of topics that constitute current knowledge of the neural mechanisms underlying the different senses. This important work provides the most up-to-date, cutting-edge, comprehensive reference combining volumes on all major sensory modalities in one set. Offering 264 chapters from a distinguished team of international experts, The Senses lays out current knowledge on the anatomy, physiology, and molecular biology of sensory organs, in a collection of comprehensive chapters spanning 4 volumes. Topics covered include the perception, psychophysics, and higher order processing of sensory information, as well as disorders and new diagnostic and treatment methods. Written for a wide audience, this reference work provides students, scholars, medical doctors, as well as anyone interested in neuroscience, a comprehensive overview of the knowledge accumulated on the function of sense organs, sensory systems, and how the brain processes sensory input. As with the first edition, contributions from leading scholars from around the world will ensure The Senses offers a truly international portrait of sensory physiology. The set is the definitive reference on sensory neuroscience and provides the ultimate entry point into the review and original literature in Sensory Neuroscience enabling students and scientists to delve into the subject and deepen their knowledge. All-inclusive coverage of topics: updated edition offers readers the only current reference available covering neurobiology, physiology, anatomy, and molecular biology of sense organs and the processing of sensory information in the brain Authoritative content: world-leading contributors provide readers with a reputable, dynamic and authoritative account of the topics under discussion Comprehensive-style content: in-depth, complex coverage of topics offers students at upper undergraduate level and above full insight into topics under discussion

Cortical-Subcortical Loops in Sensory Processing

Author : Max F. K. Happel
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889745856
Total Pages : 253 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis Cortical-Subcortical Loops in Sensory Processing by : Max F. K. Happel

Download or read book Cortical-Subcortical Loops in Sensory Processing written by Max F. K. Happel and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-28 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Function and Regulation of Chemoreceptors

Author : Dieter Wicher
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889457486
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

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Book Synopsis Function and Regulation of Chemoreceptors by : Dieter Wicher

Download or read book Function and Regulation of Chemoreceptors written by Dieter Wicher and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-02-08 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To perceive environmental chemical compounds and to convert these external signals into an intracellular message might be the oldest way for a living being to get information from the outside world. Chemoreceptors are proteins or protein complexes that detect molecules from the outside world either at distance (olfaction) or at close range (gustation). Chemoreceptors can operate as ionotropic or as metabotropic receptors. Ionotropic receptors form ion channels that are activated via ligand binding. Activation of a metabotropic receptor initiates an intracellular signaling cascade that could include a change of enzymatic activity, production of second messenger or activation of ion channels. The receptor performance has to be fine-tuned according to the actual physiological requirements and the presentation of the chemical signal. This Research Topic collects reports and reviews on structure and function of chemoreceptors in the animal kingdom, and how these receptors are regulated.

Neurobiology of Chemical Communication

Author : Carla Mucignat-Caretta
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466553413
Total Pages : 614 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Neurobiology of Chemical Communication by : Carla Mucignat-Caretta

Download or read book Neurobiology of Chemical Communication written by Carla Mucignat-Caretta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-02-14 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intraspecific communication involves the activation of chemoreceptors and subsequent activation of different central areas that coordinate the responses of the entire organism—ranging from behavioral modification to modulation of hormones release. Animals emit intraspecific chemical signals, often referred to as pheromones, to advertise their presence to members of the same species and to regulate interactions aimed at establishing and regulating social and reproductive bonds. In the last two decades, scientists have developed a greater understanding of the neural processing of these chemical signals. Neurobiology of Chemical Communication explores the role of the chemical senses in mediating intraspecific communication. Providing an up-to-date outline of the most recent advances in the field, it presents data from laboratory and wild species, ranging from invertebrates to vertebrates, from insects to humans. The book examines the structure, anatomy, electrophysiology, and molecular biology of pheromones. It discusses how chemical signals work on different mammalian and non-mammalian species and includes chapters on insects, Drosophila, honey bees, amphibians, mice, tigers, and cattle. It also explores the controversial topic of human pheromones. An essential reference for students and researchers in the field of pheromones, this is also an ideal resource for those working on behavioral phenotyping of animal models and persons interested in the biology/ecology of wild and domestic species.