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Calculating Race
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Book Synopsis Calculating Race by : Benjamin Wiggins
Download or read book Calculating Race written by Benjamin Wiggins and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Racial Formation in the Risk Society -- Life -- Crime -- Home -- Proxies -- Sharing Risk Equitably.
Book Synopsis Calculating Race by : Benjamin Wiggins
Download or read book Calculating Race written by Benjamin Wiggins and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Calculating Race, Benjamin Wiggins analyzes the historical relationship between statistical risk assessment and race in the United States. He illustrates how, through a reliance on the variable of race, actuarial science transformed the nature of racism and helped usher racial disparities in wealth, incarceration, and housing from the nineteenth century into the twentieth. Wiggins begins by tracing how the life insurance industry utilized race in its calculations at the end of the nineteenth century, focusing particularly on Prudential and its aggressive battles with state regulators to discriminate against clients and adjust rates on the basis of race. He then turns his focus to the collection of racial statistics in the Illinois state penitentiary system in the late nineteenth century and the state's subsequent development of predictive sentencing and parole formulas in the 1920s that weighed race as a key factor. Next, he investigates the role of race in the state-sponsored mortgage insurance program of the Federal Housing Administration between the start of the New Deal and the beginning of the Cold War and its prolonged effects on mortgage lending. Wiggins concludes with an analysis of the use of race in the statistical risk assessments across financial institutions and government programs during the post-civil rights movement era, and how that practice has been transformed in the twenty-first century through "proxy" variables which stand in for the now taboo category of race. Offering readers a new perspective on the historical importance of actuarial science in structural racism, Calculating Race is a particularly timely contribution as Big Data and algorithmic decision making increasingly pervade our lives.
Book Synopsis Measuring Racial Discrimination by : National Research Council
Download or read book Measuring Racial Discrimination written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-07-24 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many racial and ethnic groups in the United States, including blacks, Hispanics, Asians, American Indians, and others, have historically faced severe discriminationâ€"pervasive and open denial of civil, social, political, educational, and economic opportunities. Today, large differences among racial and ethnic groups continue to exist in employment, income and wealth, housing, education, criminal justice, health, and other areas. While many factors may contribute to such differences, their size and extent suggest that various forms of discriminatory treatment persist in U.S. society and serve to undercut the achievement of equal opportunity. Measuring Racial Discrimination considers the definition of race and racial discrimination, reviews the existing techniques used to measure racial discrimination, and identifies new tools and areas for future research. The book conducts a thorough evaluation of current methodologies for a wide range of circumstances in which racial discrimination may occur, and makes recommendations on how to better assess the presence and effects of discrimination.
Book Synopsis Racial Issues in Criminal Justice by : Marvin D. Free
Download or read book Racial Issues in Criminal Justice written by Marvin D. Free and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2003-09-30 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost a third of all African American men in their twenties in the United States are in jail or prison, or on probation or parole. African Americans, who comprise approximately 13% of the general population, make up about half of the prison population. Between 1980 and 2000, 38 states added more African American men to their prison systems than were added to their respective systems of higher education. However, these statistics fail to tell the entire story. To understand how the dynamics of disproportionate minority confinement came to exist, one must examine the historical and cultural antecedents that affected (and continue to affect) this group. Examining proposed solutions and providing alternative perspectives, this volume addresses the overrepresentation of African Americans in the criminal justice system by critically examining the significance of race in American society and criminal justice responses to crime and African Americans. Offering a critical examination of the issues, this collection begins with a discussion of the marginalization of African Americans in the academic discipline of criminal justice and in the larger society, an assessment of the impact of the legacy of slavery on private prisons and mass imprisonment, and an empirical examination of the depiction of African Americans in prime-time television crime programs. Part II looks at racial profiling, the underrepresentation of African Americans in hate crime victimization research, the impact of race on presentencing, the trend toward trying juveniles in adult court, and the discriminatory treatment of African Americans in capital-eligible cases. Finally, Part III discusses the impact of African American police officers on the profession, analyzes black juror nullification, proposes an increase in the presence of African American jurors, and assesses the potential ameliorative impact of restorative justice on the current racial imbalance in the criminal justice system.
Book Synopsis American Indian Population Recovery in the Twentieth Century by : Nancy Shoemaker
Download or read book American Indian Population Recovery in the Twentieth Century written by Nancy Shoemaker and published by UNM Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies the growth of Indian populations since 1900, showing why and how American Indian populations recovered in the 20th century.
Book Synopsis Advance Data from Vital & Health Statistics of the National Center for Health Statistics by :
Download or read book Advance Data from Vital & Health Statistics of the National Center for Health Statistics written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Running Fitness - From 5K to Full Marathon by : David Ross
Download or read book Running Fitness - From 5K to Full Marathon written by David Ross and published by Grosvenor House Publishing. This book was released on 2015-02-20 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Running Fitness presents a structured and practical training guide aimed at a large portion of the running community, including beginners and those looking to improve in the sport. Author David Ross, a runner of many years experience, provides a training path that develops running capability from a simple 5K race up to full marathon, whilst making the sport easily accessible to those who wish to enjoy many years of fulfilment, success and longevity. Learn about warm-up and cool-down drills, speed and hill training, long runs, race pace, recovery and rest, plus cross training, core fitness, diet and energy supplements.
Book Synopsis What's the Use of Race? by : Ian Whitmarsh
Download or read book What's the Use of Race? written by Ian Whitmarsh and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2010-04-16 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How race as a category—reinforced by new discoveries in genetics—is used as a basis for practice and policy in law, science, and medicine. The post–civil rights era perspective of many scientists and scholars was that race was nothing more than a social construction. Recently, however, the relevance of race as a social, legal, and medical category has been reinvigorated by science, especially by discoveries in genetics. Although in 2000 the Human Genome Project reported that humans shared 99.9 percent of their genetic code, scientists soon began to argue that the degree of variation was actually greater than this, and that this variation maps naturally onto conventional categories of race. In the context of this rejuvenated biology of race, the contributors to What's the Use of Race? Investigate whether race can be a category of analysis without reinforcing it as a basis for discrimination. Can policies that aim to alleviate inequality inadvertently increase it by reifying race differences? The essays focus on contemporary questions at the cutting edge of genetics and governance, examining them from the perspectives of law, science, and medicine. The book follows the use of race in three domains of governance: ruling, knowing, and caring. Contributors first examine the use of race and genetics in the courtroom, law enforcement, and scientific oversight; then explore the ways that race becomes, implicitly or explicitly, part of the genomic science that attempts to address human diversity; and finally investigate how race is used to understand and act on inequities in health and disease. Answering these questions is essential for setting policies for biology and citizenship in the twenty-first century.
Book Synopsis Calculating Race by : Benjamin Wiggins
Download or read book Calculating Race written by Benjamin Wiggins and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Calculating Race, Benjamin Wiggins analyzes the historical relationship between statistical risk assessment and race in the United States. He illustrates how, through a reliance on the variable of race, actuarial science transformed the nature of racism and helped usher racial disparities in wealth, incarceration, and housing from the nineteenth century into the twentieth. Wiggins begins by tracing how the life insurance industry utilized race in its calculations at the end of the nineteenth century, focusing particularly on Prudential and its aggressive battles with state regulators to discriminate against clients and adjust rates on the basis of race. He then turns his focus to the collection of racial statistics in the Illinois state penitentiary system in the late nineteenth century and the state's subsequent development of predictive sentencing and parole formulas in the 1920s that weighed race as a key factor. Next, he investigates the role of race in the state-sponsored mortgage insurance program of the Federal Housing Administration between the start of the New Deal and the beginning of the Cold War and its prolonged effects on mortgage lending. Wiggins concludes with an analysis of the use of race in the statistical risk assessments across financial institutions and government programs during the post-civil rights movement era, and how that practice has been transformed in the twenty-first century through "proxy" variables which stand in for the now taboo category of race. Offering readers a new perspective on the historical importance of actuarial science in structural racism, Calculating Race is a particularly timely contribution as Big Data and algorithmic decision making increasingly pervade our lives.
Download or read book Racing Weight written by Matt Fitzgerald and published by VeloPress. This book was released on 2012-12-01 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Racing Weight is a proven weight-management program designed specifically for endurance athletes. Revealing new research and drawing from the best practices of elite athletes, coach and nutritionist Matt Fitzgerald lays out six easy steps to help cyclists, triathletes, and runners lose weight without harming their training. This comprehensive and science-based program shows athletes the best ways to lose weight and avoid the common lifestyle and training hang-ups that keep new PRs out of reach. The updated Racing Weight program helps athletes: Improve diet quality Manage appetite Balance energy sources Easily monitor weight and performance Time nutrition throughout the day Train to getand staylean Racing Weight offers practical tools to make weight management easy. Fitzgerald’s no-nonsense Diet Quality Score improves diet without counting calories. Racing Weight superfoods are diet foods high in the nutrients athletes need for training. Supplemental strength training workouts can accelerate changes in body composition. Daily food diaries from 18 pro athletes reveal how the elites maintain an athletic diet while managing appetite. Athletes know that every extra pound wastes energy and hurts performance. With Racing Weight, cyclists, triathletes, and runners have a simple program and practical tools to hit their target numbers on both the race course and the scale.
Book Synopsis A Practical Guide to Race Car Data Analysis by : Bob Knox
Download or read book A Practical Guide to Race Car Data Analysis written by Bob Knox and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2011-03-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Practical Guide to Race Car Data Analysis was written for the amateur and lower-level professional racers who either have a data system in their cars or who may be thinking about installing one but who do not have access to an experienced data engineer. Many of the data systems available today at reasonable prices offer capabilities that only professional race teams could afford just a few years ago. Unfortunately, most of these racers do not know how to use more than a small part of those capabilities. Using real track data, numerous real-world examples, and more than 200 illustrations, the Guide gives them the knowledge and skills they need to select, configure and use their data systems efficiently and effectively.Beginning with a detailed discussion of the things racers need to know about the hardware and software necessary for a an effective data system, the Guide continues with chapters on basic data analysis tools, more sophisticated data analysis tools like x-y plots and math channels, damper potentiometers and the wealth of important data they produce, brake and clutch pressure sensors, and creative use of math channels. The Guide concludes with a comprehensive scheme for analyzing data, examples of the data views used with the scheme, and detailed information on how to create and configure the data views.
Book Synopsis Beginning Excel What-If Data Analysis Tools by : Paul Cornell
Download or read book Beginning Excel What-If Data Analysis Tools written by Paul Cornell and published by Apress. This book was released on 2006-11-09 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: * The only book on the market dedicated to the What-If functions and tools built into Excel, which are key to many business analysis scenarios. * Focused and to the point – where other Excel books force the reader to wade through 100’s of pages of related information and commit hours of reading, this book gets straight to the topic of teaching the reader about What-If scenario tools in Excel. * Offers the deepest tutorial treatment of the Solver add-in, the Goal Seeker and the other What-If scenario analysis tools, in a practical, hands-on exercises approach to using Excel to get business results.
Book Synopsis The Danger Zone Is Everywhere by : George Lipsitz
Download or read book The Danger Zone Is Everywhere written by George Lipsitz and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2024-08-27 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compellingly argues that good health is as much social as it is biological, and that the racial health gap and the racial wealth gap are mutually constitutive. The Danger Zone Is Everywhere shows that housing insecurity and the poor health associated with it are central components of an unjust, destructive, and deadly racial order. Housing discrimination is a civil and economic injustice, but it is also a menace to public health. With this book, George Lipsitz reveals how the injuries of housing discrimination are augmented by racial bias in home appraisals and tax assessments, by the disparate racialized effects of policing, sentencing, and parole, and by the ways in which algorithms in insurance and other spheres associate race with risk. But The Danger Zone Is Everywhere also highlights new practices emerging in health care and the law, emphasizing how grassroots community mobilizations are creating an active and engaged public sphere constituency promoting new forms of legislation, litigation, and organization for social justice.
Book Synopsis National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey by :
Download or read book National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biological Affinity in Forensic Identification of Human Skeletal Remains by : Gregory E. Berg
Download or read book Biological Affinity in Forensic Identification of Human Skeletal Remains written by Gregory E. Berg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-12-13 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ancestry determination in the identification of unknown remains can be a challenge for forensic scientists and anthropologists, especially when the remains available for testing are limited. There are various techniques for the assessment of ancestry, ranging from traditional to new microbiological and computer-assisted methods. Biological Affinity
Book Synopsis The Paradox of Representation by : David Lublin
Download or read book The Paradox of Representation written by David Lublin and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-10 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Paradox of Representation David Lublin offers an unprecedented analysis of a vast range of rigorous, empirical evidence that exposes the central paradox of racial representation: Racial redistricting remains vital to the election of African Americans and Latinos but makes Congress less likely to adopt policies favored by blacks. Lublin's evidence, together with policy recommendations for improving minority representation, will make observers of the political scene reconsider the avenues to fair representation. Using data on all representatives elected to Congress between 1972 and 1994, Lublin examines the link between the racial composition of a congressional district and its representative's race as well as ideology. The author confirms the view that specially drawn districts must exist to ensure the election of African Americans and Latinos. He also shows, however, that a relatively small number of minorities in a district can lead to the election of a representative attentive to their interests. When African Americans and Latinos make up 40 percent of a district, according to Lublin's findings, they have a strong liberalizing influence on representatives of both parties; when they make up 55 percent, the district is almost certain to elect a minority representative. Lublin notes that particularly in the South, the practice of concentrating minority populations into a small number of districts decreases the liberal influence in the remaining areas. Thus, a handful of minority representatives, almost invariably Democrats, win elections, but so do a greater number of conservative Republicans. The author proposes that establishing a balance between majority-minority districts and districts where the minority population would be slightly more dispersed, making up 40 percent of a total district, would allow more African Americans to exercise more influence over their representatives.
Book Synopsis Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report by :
Download or read book Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
