Beyond Syrias Borders

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Beyond Syria’s Borders

Author : Emma Lundgren Jörum
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0857725122
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (577 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond Syria’s Borders by : Emma Lundgren Jörum

Download or read book Beyond Syria’s Borders written by Emma Lundgren Jörum and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2014-12-03 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The on-going crisis in Syria has not only affected those caught within the country's borders, but with the deluge of refugees fleeing the violence, it has also had an impact on the surrounding countries. Lebanon, together with the province of Hatay in Turkey (containing Antakya) and the Golan Heights were all originally part of French Mandate Syria, but are now all outside the boundaries of the modern Syrian state. The policies and reactions of Syria both to the loss of these territories and to the states that have either emerged from, absorbed or annexed them (Lebanon, Turkey and Israel) are the focus of Emma Lundgren Jorum's book. Beyond Syria's Borders highlights the differences between actual policy on the one hand and rhetoric and discourse on the other when it comes to each of these three cases. It does so in order to understand the nature of not only territorial dispute in the region, but also the processes of state-building and nationalism more generally.Covering the formation of the Syrian Arab Republic from the fall of the Ottoman Empire through to the twenty-y rst century, Lundgren Jorum examines the ways in which Syrian views of these lost territories have changed over time. Through the examination of Syria's foreign policies towards these lost territories, Lundgren Jorum sets out and analyses Syrian-Turkish, Syrian-Lebanese and Syrian-Israeli relations. In doing so, she advances particular conceptions of nationalism to explain why Syria views certain lost territories as more valuable than others and why some losses have been pushed to one side and others remain at the forefront in Syria's international relations and diplomacy efforts, despite, and sometimes because of, the current con ict. Lundgren Jorum's examination of Syria's responses to the loss of territory is thus vital for any reader attempting to understand the workings of Syrian foreign policy, impacting everything from Syria's role in the Middle East to the wider Arab-Israeli con ict. This makes it vital for those researching both the history of border conflicts in the region as well as the current crisis.

The Land beyond the Border

Author : Johannes Becke
Publisher : State University of New York Press
ISBN 13 : 1438482248
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis The Land beyond the Border by : Johannes Becke

Download or read book The Land beyond the Border written by Johannes Becke and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2021-05-01 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on three case studies from the Middle East, The Land beyond the Border advances an innovative theoretical framework for the study of state expansions and state contractions. Johannes Becke argues that state expansion can be theorized according to four basic ideal types—a form of patronage (patronization), the imposition of a satellite regime (satellization), the establishment of territorial exclaves (exclavization), or a full-fledged takeover (incorporation). Becke discusses how both irredentist ideologies and political realities have shaped the dynamics of state expansion and state contraction in the recent history of each state. By studying Israel comparatively with other Middle Eastern regimes, this book forms part of an emerging research agenda seeking to bring the research fields of Israel Studies and Middle East Studies closer together. Instead of treating Israel's rule over the occupied territories as an isolated case, Becke offers students the chance to understand Israel's settlement project within the broader framework of postcolonial state formation.

After the Last Border

Author : Jessica Goudeau
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0525559140
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (255 download)

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Book Synopsis After the Last Border by : Jessica Goudeau

Download or read book After the Last Border written by Jessica Goudeau and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2020-08-04 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Simply brilliant, both in its granular storytelling and its enormous compassion" --The New York Times Book Review The story of two refugee families and their hope and resilience as they fight to survive and belong in America The welcoming and acceptance of immigrants and refugees have been central to America's identity for centuries--yet America has periodically turned its back in times of the greatest humanitarian need. After the Last Border is an intimate look at the lives of two women as they struggle for the twenty-first century American dream, having won the "golden ticket" to settle as refugees in Austin, Texas. Mu Naw, a Christian from Myanmar struggling to put down roots with her family, was accepted after decades in a refugee camp at a time when America was at its most open to displaced families; and Hasna, a Muslim from Syria, agrees to relocate as a last resort for the safety of her family--only to be cruelly separated from her children by a sudden ban on refugees from Muslim countries. Writer and activist Jessica Goudeau tracks the human impacts of America's ever-shifting refugee policy as both women narrowly escape from their home countries and begin the arduous but lifesaving process of resettling in Austin--a city that would show them the best and worst of what America has to offer. After the Last Border situates a dramatic, character-driven story within a larger history--the evolution of modern refugee resettlement in the United States, beginning with World War II and ending with current closed-door policies--revealing not just how America's changing attitudes toward refugees have influenced policies and laws, but also the profound effect on human lives.

Surrealism Beyond Borders

Author : Stephanie D'Alessandro
Publisher : Metropolitan Museum of Art
ISBN 13 : 1588397270
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (883 download)

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Book Synopsis Surrealism Beyond Borders by : Stephanie D'Alessandro

Download or read book Surrealism Beyond Borders written by Stephanie D'Alessandro and published by Metropolitan Museum of Art. This book was released on 2021-10-04 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surrealism Beyond Borders challenges conventional narratives of a revolutionary artistic, literary, and philosophical movement. Tracing Surrealism's influence and legacy from the 1920s to the late 1970s in places as geographically diverse as Colombia, Czechoslovakia, Egypt, Japan, Korea, Mexico, the Philippines, Romania, Syria, Thailand, and Turkey, this publication includes more than 300 works of art in a variety of media by well-known figures—including Dalí, Ernst, Kahlo, Magritte, and Miró—as well as numerous artists who are less widely known. Contributions from more than forty distinguished international scholars explore the network of Surrealist exchange and collaboration, artists' responses to the challenges of social and political unrest, and the experience of displacement and exile in the twentieth century. The multiple narratives addressed in this expansive book move beyond the borders of history, geography, and nationality to provocatively redraw the map of Surrealism.

Syria: Borders, Boundaries, and the State

Author : Matthieu Cimino
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030448770
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Syria: Borders, Boundaries, and the State by : Matthieu Cimino

Download or read book Syria: Borders, Boundaries, and the State written by Matthieu Cimino and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-13 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the history of Syria’s borders and boundaries, from their creation (1920) until the civil war (2011) and their contestation by the Islamic State or the Kurdish movement. The volume’s main objective is to reconsider the “artificial” character of the Syrian territory and to reveal the processes by which its borders were shaped and eventually internalized by the country’s main actors. Based on extensive archival research, the book first documents the creation and stabilization of Syrian borders before and during the mandates period (nineteenth century to 1946), studying Ottoman and French territorialization strategies but also emphasizing the key role of the borderlands in this process. In turn, it investigates the perceptual boundaries resulting from the conflict, and how they materialized in space. Lastly, it explores the geographical and political imaginaries of non-state actors (PYD, ISIS) that emerged from the war.

No Turning Back: Life, Loss, and Hope in Wartime Syria

Author : Rania Abouzeid
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 0393609502
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (936 download)

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Book Synopsis No Turning Back: Life, Loss, and Hope in Wartime Syria by : Rania Abouzeid

Download or read book No Turning Back: Life, Loss, and Hope in Wartime Syria written by Rania Abouzeid and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2018-03-13 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Overseas Press Club of America's Cornelius Ryan Award Finalist for the Lionel Gelber Prize “Rania Abouzeid has produced a work of stunning reportage from the very heart of the conflict, daring to go to the most dangerous places in order to get the story.” —Dexter Filkins, Pulitzer Prize-winning author of The Forever War Award-winning journalist Rania Abouzeid dissects the tangle of ideologies and allegiances that make up the Syrian conflict through the dramatic stories of four young people seeking safety and freedom in a shattered country. Hailed by critics, No Turning Back masterfully “[weaves] together the lives of protestors, victims, and remorseless killers at the center of this century’s most appalling human tragedy” (Robert F. Worth). Based on more than five years of fearless, clandestine reporting, No Turning Back brings readers deep inside Bashar al-Assad’s prisons, to covert meetings where foreign states and organizations manipulated the rebels, and to the highest levels of Islamic militancy and the formation of the Islamic State. An utterly engrossing human drama full of vivid, indelible characters, No Turning Back shows how hope can flourish even amid one of the twenty-first century’s greatest humanitarian disasters.

Refugee Encounters at the Turkish-Syrian Border

Author : Şule Can
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429686846
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (296 download)

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Book Synopsis Refugee Encounters at the Turkish-Syrian Border by : Şule Can

Download or read book Refugee Encounters at the Turkish-Syrian Border written by Şule Can and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-10-08 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Turkish-Syrian borderlands host almost half of the Syrian refugees, with an estimated 1.5 million people arriving in the area following the outbreak of the Syrian civil war. This book investigates the ongoing negotiations of ethnicity, religion and state at the border, as refugees struggle to settle and to navigate their encounters with the Turkish state and with different sectarian groups. In particular, the book explores the situation in Antakya, the site of the ancient city of Antioch, the "cradle of civilizations", and now populated by diverse populations of Arab Alawites, Christians and Sunni-Turks. The book demonstrates that urban refugee encounters at the margins of the state reveal larger concerns that encompass state practices and regional politics. Overall, the book shows how and why displacement in the Middle East is intertwined with negotiations of identity, politics and state. Faced with an environment of everyday oppression, refugees negotiate their own urban space and "refugee" status, challenging, resisting and sometimes confirming sectarian boundaries. This book’s detailed analysis will be of interest to anthropologists, geographers, sociologists, historians, and Middle Eastern studies scholars who are working on questions of displacement, cultural boundaries and the politics of civil war in border regions.

Putin's Syrian Gambit :.

Author : John W. Parker
Publisher : Government Printing Office
ISBN 13 : 9780160939983
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (399 download)

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Book Synopsis Putin's Syrian Gambit :. by : John W. Parker

Download or read book Putin's Syrian Gambit :. written by John W. Parker and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2017 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Moving Beyond Borders

Author : Karen Flynn
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 1442663634
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis Moving Beyond Borders by : Karen Flynn

Download or read book Moving Beyond Borders written by Karen Flynn and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2011-11-19 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Moving Beyond Borders is the first book-length history of Black health care workers in Canada, delving into the experiences of thirty-five postwar-era nurses who were born in Canada or who immigrated from the Caribbean either through Britain or directly to Canada. Karen Flynn examines the shaping of these women's stories from their childhoods through to their roles as professionals and community activists. Flynn interweaves oral histories with archival sources to show how these women's lives were shaped by their experiences of migration, professional training, and family life. Theoretical analyses from postcolonial, gender, and diasporic Black Studies serve to highlight the multiple subjectivities operating within these women's lives. By presenting a collective biography of identity formation, Moving Beyond Borders reveals the extraordinary complexity of Black women's history.

Syria and the Neutrality Trap

Author : Carsten Wieland
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0755641418
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (556 download)

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Book Synopsis Syria and the Neutrality Trap by : Carsten Wieland

Download or read book Syria and the Neutrality Trap written by Carsten Wieland and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2021-05-20 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Syrian war has been an example of the abuse and insufficient delivery of humanitarian assistance. According to international practice, humanitarian aid should be channelled through a state government that bears a particular responsibility for its population. Yet in Syria, the bulk of relief went through Damascus while the regime caused the vast majority of civilian deaths. Should the UN have severed its cooperation with the government and neglected its humanitarian duty to help all people in need? Decision-makers face these tough policy dilemmas, and often the “neutrality trap” snaps shut. This book discusses the political and moral considerations of how to respond to a brutal and complex crisis while adhering to international law and practice. The author, a scholar and senior diplomat involved in the UN peace talks in Geneva, draws from first-hand diplomatic, practitioner and UN sources. He sheds light on the UN's credibility crisis and the wider implications for the development of international humanitarian and human rights law. This includes covering the key questions asked by Western diplomats, NGOs and international organizations, such as: Why did the UN not confront the Syrian government more boldly? Was it not only legally correct but also morally justifiable to deliver humanitarian aid to regime areas where rockets were launched and warplanes started? Why was it so difficult to render cross-border aid possible where it was badly needed? The meticulous account of current international practice is both insightful and disturbing. It tackles the painful lessons learnt and provides recommendations for future challenges where politics fails and humanitarians fill the moral void.

Contested Frontiers in the Syria-Lebanon-Israel Region

Author : Asher Kaufman
Publisher : Woodrow Wilson Center Press / Johns Hopkins University Press
ISBN 13 : 9781421411675
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis Contested Frontiers in the Syria-Lebanon-Israel Region by : Asher Kaufman

Download or read book Contested Frontiers in the Syria-Lebanon-Israel Region written by Asher Kaufman and published by Woodrow Wilson Center Press / Johns Hopkins University Press. This book was released on 2014-01-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contested Frontiers in the Syria-Lebanon-Israel Region studies one of the flash points of the Middle East since the 1960s—a tiny region of roughly 100 square kilometers where Syria, Lebanon, and Israel come together but where the borders have never been clearly marked. This was the scene of Palestinian guerrilla warfare in the 1960s and '70s and of Hezbollah confrontations with Israel from 2000 to the 2006 war. At stake are rural villagers who live in one country but identify themselves as belonging to another, the source of the Jordan River, part of scenic and historically significant Mount Hermon, the conflict-prone Shebaa Farms, and a defunct oil pipeline. Asher Kaufman uses French, British, American, and Israeli archives; Lebanese and Syrian primary sources and newspapers; interviews with borderland residents and with UN and U.S. officials; and a historic collection of maps. He analyzes the geopolitical causes of conflict and prospects for resolution, assesses implications of the impasse over economic zones in the eastern Mediterranean where Israel, Lebanon, Cyprus, and Turkey all have claims, and reflects on the meaning of borders and frontiers today.

War-Torn

Author : Leïla Vignal
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197644201
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (976 download)

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Book Synopsis War-Torn by : Leïla Vignal

Download or read book War-Torn written by Leïla Vignal and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-12-01 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Syria as we knew it does not exist anymore. However, all conflicts change countries and their societies. Such an obvious statement needs to be unpacked in specific relation to Syria. What has happened, what does it mean, and what comes next? In order to consider the future of Syria, it is crucial to assess not only what has been destroyed, but also how it was destroyed. It is equally vital to address the structural and possibly enduring results of large-scale destruction and displacement. These dynamics are not only at play in Syrian society, but are tearing at the economic fabric and very territorial integrity of the country. If war is a powerful process of human and material destruction, it is equally a powerful process of spatial, social and economic reconfiguration. Nor does it stop at national borders--the unravelling of Syria, and of the idea of Syria, has affected and will continue to affect the entire Middle East. War-Torn explores these transformations and the processes that fuel them. It is an indispensable account throwing light on neglected aspects of the Syrian war, and a much-needed contribution to our understanding of conflicts in the twenty-first century.

The Consequences of Chaos

Author : Elizabeth G. Ferris
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 0815729529
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis The Consequences of Chaos by : Elizabeth G. Ferris

Download or read book The Consequences of Chaos written by Elizabeth G. Ferris and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2016-04-05 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The massive dimensions of Syria's refugee crisis—and the search for solutions The civil war in Syria has forced some 10 million people—more than half the country's population—from their homes and communities, creating one of the largest human displacements since the end of World War II. Daily headlines testify to their plight, both within Syria and in the countries to which they have fled. The Consequences of Chaos looks beyond the ever-increasing numbers of Syria's uprooted to consider the long-term economic, political, and social implications of this massive movement of people. Neighboring countries hosting thousands or even millions of refugees, Western governments called upon to provide financial assistance and even new homes for the refugees, regional and international organizations struggling to cope with the demands for food and shelter—all have found the Syria crisis to be overwhelming in its challenges. And the challenges of finding solutions for those displaced by the conflict are likely to continue for years, perhaps even for decades. The Syrian displacement crisis raises fundamental questions about the relationship between action to resolve conflicts and humanitarian aid to assist the victims and demonstrates the limits of humanitarian response, even on a massive scale, to resolve political crises. The increasingly protracted nature of the crisis also raises the need for the international community to think beyond just relief assistance and adopt developmental policies to help refugees become productive members of their host communities.

Twenty-First Century Military Innovation

Author : Marcus Schulzke
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
ISBN 13 : 0472220411
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (722 download)

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Book Synopsis Twenty-First Century Military Innovation by : Marcus Schulzke

Download or read book Twenty-First Century Military Innovation written by Marcus Schulzke and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2022-09-07 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary war is as much a quest for decisive technological, organizational, and doctrinal superiority before the fighting starts as it is an effort to destroy enemy militaries during battle. Armed forces that are not actively fighting are instead actively reengineering themselves for success in the next fight and imagining what that next fight may look like. Twenty-First Century Military Innovation outlines the most theoretically important themes in contemporary warfare, especially as these appear in distinctive innovations that signal changes in states’ warfighting capacities and their political goals. Marcus Schulzke examines eight case studies that illustrate the overall direction of military innovation and important underlying themes. He devotes three chapters to new weapons technologies (drones, cyberweapons, and nonlethal weapons), two chapters to changes in the composition of state military forces (private military contractors and special operations forces), and three chapters to strategic and tactical changes (targeted killing, population-centric counterinsurgency, and degradation). Each case study includes an accessible introduction to the topic area, an overview of the ongoing scholarly debates surrounding that topic, and the most important theoretical implications. An engaging overview of the themes that emerge with military innovation, this book will also attract readers interested in particular topic areas.

The Road from Raqqa

Author : Jordan Ritter Conn
Publisher : Ballantine Books
ISBN 13 : 0525482717
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (254 download)

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Book Synopsis The Road from Raqqa by : Jordan Ritter Conn

Download or read book The Road from Raqqa written by Jordan Ritter Conn and published by Ballantine Books. This book was released on 2020-07-21 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crossing years and continents, the harrowing story of the road to reunion for two Syrian brothers who—despite a homeland at war and an ocean between them—hold fast to the bonds of family. Runner-Up for the Dayton Literary Peace Prize • Riveting . . . a resplendent love letter to an obliterated city.”—The New York Times “The Road from Raqqa had me gripped from the first page. I couldn’t put it down.”—Christy Lefteri, author of The Beekeeper of Aleppo The Alkasem brothers, Riyad and Bashar, spend their childhood in Raqqa, the Syrian city that would later become the capital of ISIS. As a teenager in the 1980s, Riyad witnesses the devastating aftermath of the Hama massacre—an atrocity that the Hafez al-Assad regime commits upon its people. Wanting to expand his notion of government and justice, Riyad moves to the United States to study law, but his plans are derailed and he eventually falls in love with a Southern belle. They move to a suburb of Nashville, Tennessee, where they raise two sons and where Riyad opens a restaurant—Café Rakka—cooking the food his grandmother used to make. But he finds himself confronted with the darker side of American freedoms: the hardscrabble life of a newly arrived immigrant, enduring bigotry, poverty, and loneliness. Years pass, and at the height of Syria’s civil war, fearing for his family’s safety halfway across the world, he risks his own life by making a dangerous trip back to Raqqa. Bashar, meanwhile, in Syria. After his older brother moves to America, Bashar embarks on a brilliant legal career under the same corrupt Assad government that Riyad despises. Reluctant to abandon his comfortable (albeit conflicted) life, he fails to perceive the threat of ISIS until it’s nearly too late. The Road from Raqqa brings us into the lives of two brothers bound by their love for each other and for the war-ravaged city they call home. It’s about a family caught in the middle of the most significant global events of the new millennium, America’s fraught but hopeful relationship to its own immigrants, and the toll of dictatorship and war on everyday families. It’s a book that captures all the desperation, tenacity, and hope that come with the revelation that we can find home in one another when the lands of our forefathers fail us.

Lives beyond Borders

Author : Ina C. Seethaler
Publisher : State University of New York Press
ISBN 13 : 1438486219
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis Lives beyond Borders by : Ina C. Seethaler

Download or read book Lives beyond Borders written by Ina C. Seethaler and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2021-11-01 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A cross-cultural, comparative study of contemporary life writing by women who migrated to the United States from Mexico, Ghana, South Korea, and Iran, Lives beyond Borders broadens and deepens critical work on immigrant life writing. Ina C. Seethaler investigates how these autobiographical texts—through genre mixing, motifs of doubling, and other techniques—challenge stereotypes, social hierarchies, and the supposed fixity of identity and lend literary support to grassroots social justice efforts. Seethaler's approach to literary analysis is both interdisciplinary and accessible. While Lives beyond Borders draws on feminist theory, critical race theory, and disability and migration studies, it also uses stories to engage and interest readers in issues related to migration and social change. In so doing, the book reevaluates the purpose, form, and audience of immigrant life writing.

Beyond Syria’s Borders

Author : Emma Lundgren Jörum
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0857737805
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (577 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond Syria’s Borders by : Emma Lundgren Jörum

Download or read book Beyond Syria’s Borders written by Emma Lundgren Jörum and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2014-12-03 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lebanon, together with the province of Hatay in Turkey (containing Antakya) and the Golan Heights were all part of French mandate Syria, but are now all outside the boundaries of the modern Syrian state. The policies and reactions of Syria both to the loss of these territories and to the states that have either absorbed, annexed or emerged from them (Lebanon, Turkey and Israel) are the focus of Emma Jørum's book. Jørum uses the differences in policy and discourse when it comes to each of these three cases to highlight the nature of territorial dispute in the region, and the processes of state-building and nationalism more generally. Through the examination of Syria's policies concerning these lost territories, Jørum plots and analyses Syrian-Turkish, Syrian-Lebanese and Syrian-Israeli relations, explaining why some losses have been pushed to one side and others remain at the forefront in Syria's international relations and diplomacy efforts.