Baptism Through Incision

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Publisher : Penn State Press
ISBN 13 : 0271086742
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Baptism Through Incision by : Martha Few

Download or read book Baptism Through Incision written by Martha Few and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2020-04-22 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1786, Guatemalan priest Pedro José de Arrese published a work instructing readers on their duty to perform the cesarean operation on the bodies of recently deceased pregnant women in order to extract the fetus while it was still alive. Although the fetus’s long-term survival was desired, the overarching goal was to cleanse the unborn child of original sin and ensure its place in heaven. Baptism Through Incision presents Arrese’s complete treatise—translated here into English for the first time—with a critical introduction and excerpts from related primary source texts. Inspired by priests’ writings published in Spain and Sicily beginning in the mid-eighteenth century, Arrese and writers like him in Peru, Mexico, Alta California, Guatemala, and the Philippines penned local medico-religious manuals and guides for performing the operation and baptism. Comparing these texts to one another and placing them in dialogue with archival cases and print culture references, this book traces the genealogy of the postmortem cesarean operation throughout the Spanish Empire and reconstructs the transatlantic circulation of obstetrical and scientific knowledge around childbirth and reproduction. In doing so, it shows that knowledge about cesarean operations and fetal baptism intersected with local beliefs and quickly became part of the new ideas and scientific-medical advancements circulating broadly among transatlantic Enlightenment cultures. A valuable resource for scholars and students of colonial Latin American history, the history of medicine, and the history of women, reproduction, and childbirth, Baptism Through Incision includes translated excerpts of works by Spanish surgeon Jaime Alcalá y Martínez, Mexican physician Ignacio Segura, and Peruvian friar Francisco González Laguna, as well as late colonial Guatemalan instructions, and newspaper articles published in the Gazeta de México, the Gazeta de Guatemala, and the Mercurio Peruano.

The Divine Economy

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691258783
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis The Divine Economy by : Paul Seabright

Download or read book The Divine Economy written by Paul Seabright and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2024-05-14 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel economic interpretation of how religions have become so powerful in the modern world Religion in the twenty-first century is alive and well across the world, despite its apparent decline in North America and parts of Europe. Vigorous competition between and within religious movements has led to their accumulating great power and wealth. Religions in many traditions have honed their competitive strategies over thousands of years. Today, they are big business; like businesses, they must recruit, raise funds, disburse budgets, manage facilities, organize transportation, motivate employees, and get their message out. In The Divine Economy, economist Paul Seabright argues that religious movements are a special kind of business: they are platforms, bringing together communities of members who seek many different things from one another—spiritual fulfilment, friendship and marriage networks, even business opportunities. Their function as platforms, he contends, is what has allowed religions to consolidate and wield power. This power can be used for good, especially when religious movements provide their members with insurance against the shocks of modern life, and a sense of worth in their communities. It can also be used for harm: political leaders often instrumentalize religious movements for authoritarian ends, and religious leaders can exploit the trust of members to inflict sexual, emotional, financial or physical abuse, or to provoke violence against outsiders. Writing in a nonpartisan spirit, Seabright uses insights from economics to show how religion and secular society can work together in a world where some people feel no need for religion, but many continue to respond with enthusiasm to its call.

Surgery and Salvation

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Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Surgery and Salvation by : Elizabeth O'Brien

Download or read book Surgery and Salvation written by Elizabeth O'Brien and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2023-11-14 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this sweeping history of reproductive surgery in Mexico, Elizabeth O'Brien traces the interstices of religion, reproduction, and obstetric racism from the end of the Spanish empire through the post-revolutionary 1930s. Examining medical ideas about operations (including cesarean section, abortion, hysterectomy, and eugenic sterilization), Catholic theology, and notions of modernity and identity, O'Brien argues that present-day claims about fetal personhood are rooted in the use of surgical force against marginalized and racialized women. This history illuminates the theological, patriarchal, and epistemological roots of obstetric violence and racism today. O'Brien illustrates how ideas about maternal worth and unborn life developed in tandem. Eighteenth-century priests sought to save unborn souls through cesarean section, while nineteenth-century doctors aimed to salvage some unmarried women's social reputations via therapeutic abortion. By the twentieth century, eugenicists wished to regenerate the nation's racial profile, in part by sterilizing women in public clinics. The belief that medical interventions could redeem women, children, and the nation is what O'Brien refers to as "salvation though surgery." As operations acquired racial and religious significances, Indigenous, Afro-Mexican, and mixed-race people's bodies became sites for surgical experimentation. Even during periods of Church-state conflict, O'Brien argues, the religious valences of experimental surgery manifested in embodied expressions of racialized, and often-coercive, medical science.

Pandemic in Potosí

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Publisher : Penn State Press
ISBN 13 : 0271092262
Total Pages : 153 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Pandemic in Potosí by : Kris Lane

Download or read book Pandemic in Potosí written by Kris Lane and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2021-11-19 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1719, a deadly and highly contagious disease took hold of the Imperial Villa of Potosí, a silver mining metropolis in what is now Bolivia. Within a year, the pathogen had killed some 22,000 people, just over a third of the city’s residents. Victims collapsed with fever, body aches, and effusions of blood from the nose and mouth. Most died within days. The great Andean pandemic of 1717–22 was likely the most destructive disease to strike South America since the days of the Spanish conquest. Pandemic in Potosí features the single longest narrative of this nearly forgotten period, penned by local historian Bartolomé Arzáns de Orsúa y Vela, along with shorter treatments of the disease’s ravages in Cuzco, Arequipa, and the outskirts of Lima. The “Gran Peste,” as it was called, was a pivotal event about which Arzáns wrote at length because he lived through it, but also because it was believed to have cosmic significance. Kris Lane translates and contextualizes Arzáns’s account, which is rich in local detail that sheds light on a range of topics—from therapeutics, devotional life, class relations, gender, and race to conceptions of illness, sin, and human will and responsibility during a major public health crisis. Original narratives of the pandemic, translated here for the first time, help readers see commonalities and differences between past and present disease encounters. Designed for use in courses on Latin American history, this concise work will also interest scholars and students of the history of religion, history of medicine, urban studies, and epidemiology.

Violent First Contact in Venezuela

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Publisher : Penn State Press
ISBN 13 : 0271092246
Total Pages : 134 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Violent First Contact in Venezuela by : Peter Hess

Download or read book Violent First Contact in Venezuela written by Peter Hess and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2021-11-18 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published in 1557, Nikolaus Federmann’s Jndianische Historia is a fascinating narrative describing the German military commander’s incursion into what is now Venezuela. Designed not only for classroom use but also for the use of scholars, this English translation is accompanied by a critical introduction that contextualizes Federmann’s firsthand account within the broader Spanish colonial system. Having gained the rights to colonize Venezuela from the Spanish Crown in 1528, the Welser merchant house of Augsburg, Germany, sent mercenaries, settlers, and miners to set up colonial structures. The venture never turned a profit, and operations ceased in 1546 after two Welser officials were murdered. Federmann’s text gives an account of his foray into the interior of Venezuela in 1530–31. It describes violent first contact with Indigenous peoples as well as Federmann’s communication strategies, how he managed to prevail in hostile terrain, and how he related to other agents of the conquests. It also documents his unwavering belief in the intrinsic preeminence of European Christians and, ultimately, in the righteousness of his mission. The only detailed record of this incursion, Federmann’s text adds a unique and important perspective to our understanding of first colonial contact on the Caribbean coast of South America. It provides insight into the first-contact dynamic, the techniques of subjugation and dominance, and the web of diverging interests among stakeholders. This volume will be a valuable resource for courses and for scholarship on conquest and colonialism in Latin America.

Race and Reproduction in Cuba

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Publisher : University of Georgia Press
ISBN 13 : 0820362751
Total Pages : 411 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Race and Reproduction in Cuba by : Bonnie A. Lucero

Download or read book Race and Reproduction in Cuba written by Bonnie A. Lucero and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 2022-11-01 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Women’s reproduction, including conception, pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding, and other physical acts of motherhood (as well as the rejection of those roles), played a critical role in the evolution and management of Cuba’s population. While existing scholarship has approached Cuba’s demographic history through the lens of migration, both forced and voluntary, Race and Reproduction in Cuba challenges this male-normative perspective by centering women in the first book-length history of reproduction in Cuba. Bonnie A. Lucero traces women’s reproductive lives, as well as key medical, legal, and institutional interventions influencing them, over four centuries. Her study begins in the early colonial period with the emergence of the island’s first charitable institutions dedicated to relieving poor women and abandoned white infants. The book’s centerpiece is the long nineteenth century, when elite interventions in women’s reproduction hinged not only on race but also legal status. It ends in 1965 when Cuba’s nascent revolutionary government shifted away from enforcing antiabortion laws that had historically targeted impoverished women of color. Questioning how elite demographic desires—specifically white population growth and nonwhite population management—shaped women’s reproduction, Lucero argues that elite men, including judges, physicians, philanthropists, and public officials, intervened in women’s reproductive lives in racially specific ways. Lucero examines how white supremacy shaped tangible differences in the treatment of women and their infants across racial lines and outlines how those reproductive outcomes were crucial in sustaining racial hierarchies through moments of tremendous political, economic, and social change.

Bedlam in the New World

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Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469666588
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis Bedlam in the New World by : Christina Ramos

Download or read book Bedlam in the New World written by Christina Ramos and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2021-12-20 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rebellious Indian proclaiming noble ancestry and entitlement, a military lieutenant foreshadowing the coming of revolution, a blasphemous Creole embroiderer in possession of a bundle of sketches brimming with pornography. All shared one thing in common. During the late eighteenth century, they were deemed to be mad and forcefully admitted to the Hospital de San Hipolito in Mexico City, the first hospital of the New World to specialize in the care and custody of the mentally disturbed. Christina Ramos reconstructs the history of this overlooked colonial hospital from its origins in 1567 to its transformation in the eighteenth century, when it began to admit a growing number of patients transferred from the Inquisition and secular criminal courts. Drawing on the poignant voices of patients, doctors, friars, and inquisitors, Ramos treats San Hipolito as both a microcosm and a colonial laboratory of the Hispanic Enlightenment—a site where traditional Catholicism and rationalist models of madness mingled in surprising ways. She shows how the emerging ideals of order, utility, rationalism, and the public good came to reshape the institutional and medical management of madness. While the history of psychiatry's beginnings has often been told as seated in Europe, Ramos proposes an alternative history of madness's medicalization that centers colonial Mexico and places religious figures, including inquisitors, at the pioneering forefront.

Indigenous Life After the Conquest

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Publisher : Penn State Press
ISBN 13 : 0271089180
Total Pages : 137 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Indigenous Life After the Conquest by : Caterina Pizzigoni

Download or read book Indigenous Life After the Conquest written by Caterina Pizzigoni and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2021-02-19 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a unique set of written records belonging to the De la Cruz family, caciques of Tepemaxalco in the Toluca Valley. Composed in Nahuatl and Spanish and available here both in the original languages and in English translation, this collection of documents opens a window onto the life of a family from colonial Mexico’s indigenous elite and sheds light on the broader indigenous world within the Spanish colonial system. The main text is a record created in 1647 by long-serving governor don Pedro de la Cruz and continued by his heirs through the nineteenth century, along with two wills and several other notable documents. These sources document a community history, illuminating broader issues centering on politics, religion, and economics as well as providing unusual insight into the concerns and values of indigenous leaders. These texts detail the projects financed by the De la Cruz family, how they talked about them, and which belongings they deemed important enough to pass along after their death. Designed for classroom use, this clear and concise primary source includes a wealth of details about indigenous everyday life and preserves and makes accessible a rich and precious heritage. The engaging introduction highlights issues of class relations and the public and performative character of Nahua Christianity. The authors provide the necessary tools to help students understand the colonial context in which these documents were produced.

An Irish Rebel in New Spain

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Publisher : Penn State Press
ISBN 13 : 0271091991
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis An Irish Rebel in New Spain by : Andrea Martínez Baracs

Download or read book An Irish Rebel in New Spain written by Andrea Martínez Baracs and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2021-11-19 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Irish Rebel in New Spain recounts the story of the so-called Irish Zorro, who, in 1659, was burned at the stake for conspiring against the empire to make himself king of Mexico, restore the privileges of the Indigenous people, end the persecution of the Jews, and free the African slaves. William Lamport was an Irish rebel, a soldier, a poet, and a thinker. His Catholic family lost their land and their religious freedom after the English conquest of Ireland. In 1640, Lamport emigrated to New Spain, where he witnessed the abuses of the colonial system and later ran afoul of the Mexican Inquisition. Imprisoned in 1642, Lamport argued his own defense as well as that of the Jews who were in prison with him. Along with a concise biography, this volume provides an anthology of Lamport’s most representative writings: his detailed project for a Spanish-supported Irish insurrection; a manifesto and plan for a Mexican uprising against Spain; his self-defense, which he nailed to the doors of the cathedral when he managed to momentarily escape from prison; a selection of his poetry; and the court documents about the accusation that led him to the pyre. This concise, compelling, and original reflection on the systems of (in)justice in seventeenth-century Mexico is designed for classes on early modern Spain, colonial Latin America, and the Inquisition. Those with an affinity for Irish history will also enjoy learning about the colorful life of William Lamport.

Baptist Reporter and Missionary Intelligencer

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (334 download)

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Book Synopsis Baptist Reporter and Missionary Intelligencer by :

Download or read book Baptist Reporter and Missionary Intelligencer written by and published by . This book was released on 1846 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Concise Dictionary of the Holy Bible

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 556 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis A Concise Dictionary of the Holy Bible by : James Covel

Download or read book A Concise Dictionary of the Holy Bible written by James Covel and published by . This book was released on 1847 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Turning Archival

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Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 1478022582
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Turning Archival by : Daniel Marshall

Download or read book Turning Archival written by Daniel Marshall and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2022-09-06 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributors to Turning Archival trace the rise of “the archive” as an object of historical desire and study within queer studies and examine how it fosters historical imagination and knowledge. Highlighting the growing significance of the archival to LGBTQ scholarship, politics, and everyday life, they draw upon accounts of queer archival encounters in institutional, grassroots, and everyday repositories of historical memory. The contributors examine such topics as the everyday life of marginalized queer immigrants in New York City as an archive; secondhand vinyl record collecting and punk bootlegs; the self-archiving practices of grassroots lesbians; and the decolonial potential of absences and gaps in the colonial archives through the life of a suspected hermaphrodite in colonial Guatemala. Engaging with archives from Africa to the Americas to the Arctic, this volume illuminates the allure of the archive, reflects on that which resists archival capture, and outlines the stakes of queer and trans lives in the archival turn. Contributors. Anjali Arondekar, Kate Clark, Ann Cvetkovich, Carolyn Dinshaw, Kate Eichhorn, Javier Fernández-Galeano, Emmett Harsin Drager, Elliot James, Marget Long, Martin F. Manalansan IV, Daniel Marshall, María Elena Martínez, Joan Nestle, Iván Ramos, David Serlin, Zeb Tortorici

Death and Dying in New Mexico

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Publisher : University of New Mexico Press
ISBN 13 : 0826341659
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (263 download)

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Book Synopsis Death and Dying in New Mexico by : Martina Will

Download or read book Death and Dying in New Mexico written by Martina Will and published by University of New Mexico Press. This book was released on 2022-06-30 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this exploration of how people lived and died in eighteenth- and nineteenth- century New Mexico, Martina Will weaves together the stories of individuals and communities in this cultural crossroads of the American Southwest. The wills and burial registers at the heart of this study provide insights into the variety of ways in which death was understood by New Mexicans living in a period of profound social and political transitions. This volume addresses the model of the good death that settlers and friars brought with them to New Mexico, challenges to the model's application, and the eventual erosion of the ideal. The text also considers the effects of public health legislation that sought to protect the public welfare, as well as responses to these controversial and unpopular reforms. Will discusses both cultural continuity and regional adaptation, examining Spanish-American deathways in New Mexico during the colonial (approximately 1700–1821), Mexican (1821–1848), and early Territorial (1848–1880) periods.

Christian Baptism

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 586 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (334 download)

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Book Synopsis Christian Baptism by : Freeborn Garretson Hibbard

Download or read book Christian Baptism written by Freeborn Garretson Hibbard and published by . This book was released on 1843 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The System Bible Study

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1306 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis The System Bible Study by :

Download or read book The System Bible Study written by and published by . This book was released on 1922 with total page 1306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Women and Gender in Medieval Europe

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135459673
Total Pages : 986 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (354 download)

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Book Synopsis Women and Gender in Medieval Europe by : Margaret C. Schaus

Download or read book Women and Gender in Medieval Europe written by Margaret C. Schaus and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-09-20 with total page 986 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From women's medicine and the writings of Christine de Pizan to the lives of market and tradeswomen and the idealization of virginity, gender and social status dictated all aspects of women's lives during the middle ages. A cross-disciplinary resource, Women and Gender in Medieval Europe examines the daily reality of medieval women from all walks of life in Europe between 450 CE and 1500 CE, i.e., from the fall of the Roman Empire to the discovery of the Americas. Moving beyond biographies of famous noble women of the middles ages, the scope of this important reference work is vast and provides a comprehensive understanding of medieval women's lives and experiences. Masculinity in the middle ages is also addressed to provide important context for understanding women's roles. Entries that range from 250 words to 4,500 words in length thoroughly explore topics in the following areas: · Art and Architecture · Countries, Realms, and Regions · Daily Life · Documentary Sources · Economics · Education and Learning · Gender and Sexuality · Historiography · Law · Literature · Medicine and Science · Music and Dance · Persons · Philosophy · Politics · Political Figures · Religion and Theology · Religious Figures · Social Organization and Status Written by renowned international scholars, Women and Gender in Medieval Europe is the latest in the Routledge Encyclopedias of the Middle Ages. Easily accessible in an A-to-Z format, students, researchers, and scholars will find this outstanding reference work to be an invaluable resource on women in Medieval Europe.

The English Cyclopaedia

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 554 pages
Book Rating : 4.B/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis The English Cyclopaedia by : Charles Knight

Download or read book The English Cyclopaedia written by Charles Knight and published by . This book was released on 1861 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: