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Assessing The Reproducibility Of Skeletal Geochemistry Records In Atlantic Corals Using Montastraea Annularis Coral Heads From The Dry Tortugas Florida
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Book Synopsis Assessing the Reproducibility of Skeletal Geochemistry Records in Atlantic Corals Using Montastraea Annularis Coral Heads from the Dry Tortugas, Florida by : Kristine L. Stair
Download or read book Assessing the Reproducibility of Skeletal Geochemistry Records in Atlantic Corals Using Montastraea Annularis Coral Heads from the Dry Tortugas, Florida written by Kristine L. Stair and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Core samples were collected in September 1995 from live coral heads of Montastraea annularis at Bird Key reef in the Dry Tortugas, Florida (24 degrees 55 minutes N, 82 degrees 92 minutes W). Four 4 mm-thick coral slabs from two cores were continuously sampled at 12 samples per year (0.025 cm per sample for Core 31, 0.023 cm per sample for Core 35). Visual inspection of X-radiographs indicates an average skeletal extension rate of about 3 mm per year in Bird Key corals. The goal of this study was to perform a replication test in Montastraea annularis by using elemental and stable isotopes from four coral slabs from two different coral heads to address the following questions: 1) how well do geochemical signals replicate within a single coral head, 2) how well do geochemical signals replicate from two different cores from the same coral head, 3) how well do geochemical signals replicate from two coral heads from the same general area, and 4) do growth effects influence the geochemistry of slow-growing corals at the Dry Tortugas? Geochemical variations versus depth and time of all coral records show strong seasonal cyclicity. Variations in d18O in the suite of Bird Key coral records replicate the best; d13C and Sr/Ca variations replicate less well. For example, differences in the mean Sr/Ca record from two different coral heads are large (0.179 mmol/mol for BK31B-BK35CC; 0.196 mmol/mol for BK31C-BK35CC; ~4 degrees C) and nearly 4 times greater than analytical precision. Therefore, caution must be exercised in interpreting Sr/Ca-SST records in Montastraea annularis. Mean differences in coral d18O for all records, on the other hand, are within analytical precision and translate to temperature differences of less than 0.5 degrees C. Robust d18O values among cores that co-vary with a significant level of agreement further point to this proxy being more reliable than Sr/Ca. Because of its skeletal complexity, drilling difficulty, and large bio-geological error for Sr/Ca, Montastraea annularis seems poorly suited for coral-based Sr/Ca-SST studies. However, the species must be studied to understand tropical Atlantic interannual-decadal scale variability, so further assessment is warranted.
Book Synopsis Geochemical Signatures in the Coral Montastraea by : Jennifer Mae Smith
Download or read book Geochemical Signatures in the Coral Montastraea written by Jennifer Mae Smith and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: In the first phase of this project, four decades of monthly resolved geochemical variations from two massive heads of Montastraea were used to explore the reproducibility of the geochemical signal in these two corals from Looe Key, Florida. The coral d18O and d13C records of the two corals have statistically indistinguishable mean values, which is not the case for the coral Sr/Ca records implying that nonenvironmental factors are influencing coral Sr/Ca. Calibration equations relating coral geochemistry variations to environmental variations at Looe Key are different from previously published equations for Montastraea. These calibration differences are not related to growth-related kinetic effects, but may reflect variations in seawater chemistry in the coastal waters of the Florida Keys. Additional studies are needed to identify the causes of the observed geochemical variability. In the second phase of this study, fourteen decades of monthly resolved geochemical variations in another Montastraea coral from Looe Key, Florida were compared to records of sea-surface temperature (SST). Coral Sr/Ca and d18O variations have a weak relationship with variations in SST and skeletal extension rates; however, many events in the Sr/Ca and d18O records are coincident with anomalies in SST, growth, or precipitation. Strong coupling exists between Sr/Ca and d18O in both anomaly and mean annual perspectives, which reflects the combined influence of SST and growth related processes on the geochemical signal. Separating these impacts proved to be problematic due to modest agreements with each forcing variable. In the final phase of this study, geochemical records from three, mid-Holocene(~5 ka) fossil Montastraea corals from the Dry Tortugas, Florida were compared with geochemical records from modern Montastraea corals from the same region to investigate temporal changes in climate. Stable isotopic records show significant changes through time, which can be interpreted in terms of environmental variation; however, large inter-coral variability between modern specimens of Montastraea precludes meaningful assessment of Sr/Ca. The pattern and mean d18O values in the fossil corals reflects changes in both temperature and salinity are reminiscent of centennial-scale variability present in other records from this region.
Book Synopsis Assessing the Reproducibility of Coral-based Climate Records by : Christie L. Stephans
Download or read book Assessing the Reproducibility of Coral-based Climate Records written by Christie L. Stephans and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Analysis of the monthly climatological means also indicates that Sr/Ca-SST records closely match the instrumental SST record "0.4p0.
Book Synopsis Combined Geochemical Tracer (δ11B, B/Ca, Δ18O, Δ47) Constraints on the Environment of Biocalcification in Common Caribbean Shallow Water Corals Grown Under Varying PCO2 and Temperature by : Ilian Antoine DeCorte
Download or read book Combined Geochemical Tracer (δ11B, B/Ca, Δ18O, Δ47) Constraints on the Environment of Biocalcification in Common Caribbean Shallow Water Corals Grown Under Varying PCO2 and Temperature written by Ilian Antoine DeCorte and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Skeletal Density Banding in the Stony Coral Montastraea Annularis (Ellis and Solander, 1789) by : Judith Marie Mendes
Download or read book Skeletal Density Banding in the Stony Coral Montastraea Annularis (Ellis and Solander, 1789) written by Judith Marie Mendes and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Geochemistry of Slow-growing Corals by :
Download or read book Geochemistry of Slow-growing Corals written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three WHOI fellowships supported my time in the Joint Program: Stanley W. Watson Foundation Fellowship, Paul M. Fye Teaching Fellowship and the Ocean and Climate Change Institute Fellowship (OCCI). Research funding from NSF (OCE-0402728) and WHOI to Konrad Hughen, Anne Cohen, and Michael McCartney supported this project. Research support was also awarded to the author from the OCCI and the education office Ditty Bag Fund.
Book Synopsis Non-traditional isotopes (barium and calcium) and elemental ratios in scleractinian coral skeleton : new look into geochemical cycles, environmental proxies and bio-calcification processes by : Chloé Pretet
Download or read book Non-traditional isotopes (barium and calcium) and elemental ratios in scleractinian coral skeleton : new look into geochemical cycles, environmental proxies and bio-calcification processes written by Chloé Pretet and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Assessing Replicated Coral Trace Element (Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca) Variability and Skeletal Growth Records from the Tropical Pacific by : Henry Chun-Yi Yu
Download or read book Assessing Replicated Coral Trace Element (Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca) Variability and Skeletal Growth Records from the Tropical Pacific written by Henry Chun-Yi Yu and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Coral Skeleton Geochemical Record of Surface Water Properties in the Oman Upwelling Region by : Livia Marie Montone
Download or read book A Coral Skeleton Geochemical Record of Surface Water Properties in the Oman Upwelling Region written by Livia Marie Montone and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geochemical records from scleractinian corals have the potential to reconstruct surface water temperature and salinity, expanding temporal and spatial coverage beyond that available from in situ and remotely sensed data and clarifying the ocean's role in climate change. Here, I present [Greek letter delta]18O and Sr/Ca records from a Porites coral near the shelf-break off southern Oman to evaluate the potential for reconstructing monsoon upwelling histories. This sample represents growth (19 mm y−1) during August 1989 to April 1996. Both [Greek letter delta]18Ocoral ( -3.7 to -5.0 0/00 [subscript PDB]) and Sr/Ca (9.0 to 9.6 mmol mol[superscript-1]) records anticorrelate strongly with weekly instrumental sea-surface temperature (SST) records from several sources (IGOSS, Pathfinder 5 (Pv5) AVHRR, and COADS). A systematic comparison shows that the Pv5 AVHRR quality 3 SST dataset is the most appropriate choice for calibrating the Sr/Ca proxy, largely because of its maximal temporal coverage of demonstrably accurate data. Using the optimal calculated SST-Sr/Ca calibration of -15.525 ([plus or equal to symbol] 1.83) °C mol mmol[superscript-1] and the assumed SST-[delta]18O calibration of -4.76 ([plus or equal to symbol]0.69) °C 0/00[subscript PDB−1 [Ren et al., 2002] to reconstruct the isotopic composition of the ambient seawater ([delta]18O[subscript sw]), the mean annual [delta]18O[subscript sw] variation ranges were determined to be 0.5-0.9 0/00 [subscriptPDB]. The timing and relative magnitude of these variations were consistent with known hydrography (isotopically lighter during SW monsoon, scaling with SST minima) but were greater than anticipated from observed annual salinity changes of ~1.0 and the estimated [delta]18O[subscript sw]-salinity relationship for regional surface waters. Simulations of reconstructed [delta]18O[subscript sw] using minimum SST-Sr/Ca and maximum SST-[delta]18O calibration slopes from the literature showed that the resultant mean annual range of [delta]18O[subscript sw] (0.4 0/00 [subscriptPDB]) was closer to the expected magnitude. I conclude that: (1) Sr/Ca measurements provide a very good record of SST variations, particularly the interannual variation in the SW monsoon minimum, and (2) derived [delta]18O[subscript sw] records indicate salinity variations that may be accurate in timing and relative magnitude but are unrealistically large in absolute magnitude. This coral holds strong promise for reconstructing multi-decade absolute SST and relative salinity records associated with climate-related variations in the Arabian Sea upwelling system.
Book Synopsis Geochemical Fluctuations Recorded in a Skeleton of the Annually Banded Coral Montastrea Annularis and Determined by Laser Ablation ICP-MS by : H. M. Lidiard
Download or read book Geochemical Fluctuations Recorded in a Skeleton of the Annually Banded Coral Montastrea Annularis and Determined by Laser Ablation ICP-MS written by H. M. Lidiard and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scleractinia of Eastern Australia by : John Edward Norwood Veron
Download or read book Scleractinia of Eastern Australia written by John Edward Norwood Veron and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Corals and Coral Islands by : James Dwight Dana
Download or read book Corals and Coral Islands written by James Dwight Dana and published by . This book was released on 1872 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Coral Reefs and Climate Change by : Jonathan Turnbull Phinney
Download or read book Coral Reefs and Climate Change written by Jonathan Turnbull Phinney and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 2006-01-10 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Coastal and Estuarine Studies, Volume 61. The effects of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide and related climate change on shallow coral reefs are gaining considerable attention for scientific and economic reasons worldwide. Although increased scientific research has improved our understanding of the response of coral reefs to climate change, we still lack key information that can help guide reef management. Research and monitoring of coral reef ecosystems over the past few decades have documented two major threats related to increasing concentrations of atmospheric CO2: (1) increased sea surface temperatures and (2) increased seawater acidity (lower pH). Higher atmospheric CO2 levels have resulted in rising sea surface temperatures and proven to be an acute threat to corals and other reef-dwelling organisms. Short periods (days) of elevated sea surface temperatures by as little as 1–2°C above the normal maximum temperature has led to more frequent and more widespread episodes of coral bleaching-the expulsion of symbiotic algae. A more chronic consequence of increasing atmospheric CO2 is the lowering of pH of surface waters, which affects the rate at which corals and other reef organisms secrete and build their calcium carbonate skeletons. Average pH of the surface ocean has already decreased by an estimated 0.1 unit since preindustrial times, and will continue to decline in concert with rising atmospheric CO2. These climate-related Stressors combined with other direct anthropogenic assaults, such as overfishing and pollution, weaken reef organisms and increase their susceptibility to disease.
Book Synopsis The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs by : Charles Darwin
Download or read book The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs written by Charles Darwin and published by . This book was released on 1889 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Quaternary Coral Reef Systems by : Lucien F. Montaggioni
Download or read book Quaternary Coral Reef Systems written by Lucien F. Montaggioni and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-08-13 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents both state-of-the art knowledge from Recent coral reefs (1.8 million to a few centuries old) gained since the eighties, and introduces geologists, oceanographers and environmentalists to sedimentological and paleoecological studies of an ecosystem encompassing some of the world's richest biodiversity. Scleractinian reefs first appeared about 300 million years ago. Today coral reef systems provide some of the most sensitive gauges of environmental change, expressing the complex interplay of chemical, physical, geological and biological factors. The topics covered will include the evolutionary history of reef systems and some of the main reef builders since the Cenozoic, the effects of biological and environmental forces on the zonation of reef systems and the distribution of reef organisms and on reef community dynamics through time, changes in the geometry, anatomy and stratigraphy of reef bodies and systems in relation to changes in sea level and tectonics, the distribution patterns of sedimentary (framework or detrital) facies in relation to those of biological communities, the modes and rates of reef accretion (progradation, aggradation versus backstepping; coral growth versus reef growth), the hydrodynamic forces controlling water circulation through reef structures and their relationship to early diagenetic processes, the major diagenetic processes affecting reef bodies through time (replacement and diddolution, dolomitization, phosphatogenesis), and the record of climate change by both individual coral colonies and reef systems over the Quaternary. * state-of-the-art knowledge from Recent corals reefs* introduction to sedimentological and paleoecological studies of an ecosystems encompassing some of the world's richest biodiversity.* authors are internationally regarded authorities on the subject* trustworthy information
Book Synopsis Oceanographic History by : Keith Rodney Benson
Download or read book Oceanographic History written by Keith Rodney Benson and published by University of Washington Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From a study of knowledge of the sea among indigenous cultures in the South Seas to inquiries into the subject of sea monsters, from studies of Pacific currents to descriptions of ocean-going research vessels, the sixty-three essays presented here reflect the scientific complexity and richness of social relationships that characterize ocean-ographic history. Based on papers presented at the Fifth International Congress on the History of Oceanography held at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (the first ICHO meeting following the cessation of the Cold War), the volume features an unusual breadth of contributions. Oceanography itself involves the full spectrum of physical, biological, and earth sciences in their formal, empirical, and applied manifestations. The contributors to Oceanographic History: The Pacific and Beyond undertake the interdisciplinary task of telling the story of oceanography’s past, drawing on diverse methodologies. Their essays explore the concepts, techniques, and technologies of oceanography, as well as the social, economic, and institutional determinants of oceanographic history. Although focused on the Pacific, the geographic range of subjects is global and includes Micronesia, East Africa, and Antarctica; the bathymetric range comprises inshore fisheries, coral reefs, and the "azoic zone." The seventy-one contributors represent every continent of the globe except Antarctica, bringing together material on the history of oceanography never before published.
Book Synopsis Modern Carbonate Environments by : Ajit Kumar Bhattacharyya
Download or read book Modern Carbonate Environments written by Ajit Kumar Bhattacharyya and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
