Artisans In Europe 1300 1914

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Artisans in Europe, 1300-1914

Author : James Richard Farr
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521429344
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (293 download)

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Book Synopsis Artisans in Europe, 1300-1914 by : James Richard Farr

Download or read book Artisans in Europe, 1300-1914 written by James Richard Farr and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-08-17 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a survey of the history of work in general and of European urban artisans in particular, from the late middle ages to the era of industrialization. Unlike traditional histories of work and craftsmen, this book offers a multi-faceted understanding of artisan experience situated in the artisans' culture. It treats economic and institutional topics, but also devotes considerable attention to the changing ideologies of work, the role of government regulation in the world of work, the social history of craftspeople, the artisan in rebellion against the various authorities in his world, and the ceremonial and leisure life of artisans. Women, masters, journeymen, apprentices, and non-guild workers all receive substantial treatment. The book concludes with a chapter on the nineteenth century, examining the transformation of artisan culture, exploring how and why the early modern craftsman became the industrial wage-worker, mechanic or shopkeeper of the modern age.

A Companion to Nineteenth-Century Europe, 1789 - 1914

Author : Stefan Berger
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 140515232X
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis A Companion to Nineteenth-Century Europe, 1789 - 1914 by : Stefan Berger

Download or read book A Companion to Nineteenth-Century Europe, 1789 - 1914 written by Stefan Berger and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Companion provides an overview of European history during the 'long' nineteenth century, from 1789 to 1914. Consists of 32 chapters written by leading international scholars Balances coverage of political, diplomatic and international history with discussion of economic, social and cultural concerns Covers both Eastern and Western European states, including Britain Pays considerable attention to smaller countries as well as to the great powers Compares particular phenomena and developments across Europe

Roman Artisans and the Urban Economy

Author : Cameron Hawkins
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316712508
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (167 download)

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Book Synopsis Roman Artisans and the Urban Economy by : Cameron Hawkins

Download or read book Roman Artisans and the Urban Economy written by Cameron Hawkins and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-07-19 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers the first comprehensive study of economic conditions and economic life in Roman cities during the late Republic and early Empire. By employing a sophisticated methodology based upon comparative evidence and contemporary economic theory, the author develops interlocking arguments about the relationship between four key attributes of urban economic life in Roman antiquity: the nature and magnitude of consumer demand; the structure of urban labour markets; the strategies devised by urban artisans in their efforts to navigate their social and economic environments; and the factors that served to limit both the overall performance of the Roman economy, and its potential for intensive growth. While the author's methodology and conclusions will be of particular interest to specialists in economic history, other readers will profit from his discussion of topics such as slavery and manumission, the economic significance of professional associations, and the impact of gender on economic behaviour.

Guilds, Innovation and the European Economy, 1400–1800

Author : S. R. Epstein
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139471074
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Guilds, Innovation and the European Economy, 1400–1800 by : S. R. Epstein

Download or read book Guilds, Innovation and the European Economy, 1400–1800 written by S. R. Epstein and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-03-31 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For a long time guilds have been condemned as a major obstacle to economic progress in the pre-industrial era. This re-examination of the role of guilds in the early modern European economy challenges that view by taking into account fresh research on innovation, technological change and entrepreneurship. Leading economic historians argue that industry before the Industrial Revolution was much more innovative than previous studies have allowed for and explore the different products and production techniques that were launched and developed in this period. Much of this innovation was fostered by the craft guilds that formed the backbone of industrial production before the rise of the steam engine. The book traces the manifold ways in which guilds in a variety of industries in Italy, Austria, Germany, Switzerland, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Britain helped to create an institutional environment conducive to technological and marketing innovations.

The Body of the Artisan

Author : Pamela H. Smith
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226764265
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (267 download)

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Book Synopsis The Body of the Artisan by : Pamela H. Smith

Download or read book The Body of the Artisan written by Pamela H. Smith and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2018-01-16 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the time of Aristotle, the making of knowledge and the making of objects have generally been considered separate enterprises. Yet during the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, the two became linked through a "new" philosophy known as science. In The Body of the Artisan, Pamela H. Smith demonstrates how much early modern science owed to an unlikely source-artists and artisans. From goldsmiths to locksmiths and from carpenters to painters, artists and artisans were much sought after by the new scientists for their intimate, hands-on knowledge of natural materials and the ability to manipulate them. Drawing on a fascinating array of new evidence from northern Europe including artisans' objects and their writings, Smith shows how artisans saw all knowledge as rooted in matter and nature. With nearly two hundred images, The Body of the Artisan provides astonishingly vivid examples of this Renaissance synergy among art, craft, and science, and recovers a forgotten episode of the Scientific Revolution-an episode that forever altered the way we see the natural world.

The Work of France

Author : James R. Farr
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
ISBN 13 : 0742557189
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (425 download)

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Book Synopsis The Work of France by : James R. Farr

Download or read book The Work of France written by James R. Farr and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 2008-12-16 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This clearly written and deeply informed book explores the nature and meaning of work in early modern France. Distinguished historian James R. Farr considers the relationship between material life—specifically the work activities of both men and women—and the culture in which these activities were embedded. This culture, he argues, helped shape the nature of work, invested it with meaning, and fashioned the identities of people across the social spectrum. Farr vividly traces the daily lives of peasants, common laborers, domestic servants, prostitutes, street vendors, craftsmen and -women, merchants, men of the law, medical practitioners, and government officials. Work was recognized and valued as a means to earn a living, but it held a greater significance as a cultural marker of honor, identity, and status. Constants and continuities in work activities and their cultural aspects shared space with changes that were so profound and sweeping that France would be forever transformed. The author focuses on three salient, interconnected, and at times conflicting developments: the extension and integration of the market economy, the growth of the state's functions and governing apparatus, and the intensification of social hierarchy. Presenting a unified and compelling argument about the role of labor in society, Farr addresses a complex set of questions and succeeds masterfully at answering them. With its stylish writing and clear themes, this book will find a broad audience among students and scholars of early modern Europe, French history, economics, gender studies, anthropology, and labor studies.

The Evolution of Techniques

Author : Mathieu Charbonneau
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262378388
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of Techniques by : Mathieu Charbonneau

Download or read book The Evolution of Techniques written by Mathieu Charbonneau and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2024-03-26 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel, interdisciplinary exploration of the relative contributions of rigidity and flexibility in the adoption, maintenance, and evolution of technical traditions. Techniques can either be used in rigid, stereotypical ways or in flexibly adaptive ways, or in some combination of the two. The Evolution of Techniques, edited by Mathieu Charbonneau, addresses the impacts of both flexibility and rigidity on how techniques are used, transformed, and reconstructed, at varying social and temporal scales. The multidisciplinary contributors demonstrate the important role of the varied learning contexts and social configurations involved in the transmission, use, and evolution of techniques. They explore the diversity of cognitive, behavioral, sociocultural, and ecological mechanisms that promote and constrain technical flexibility and rigidity, proposing a deeper picture of the enablers of, and obstacles to, technical transmission and change. In line with the extended evolutionary synthesis, the book proposes a more inclusive and materially grounded conception of technical evolution in terms of promiscuous, dynamic, and multidirectional causal processes. Offering new evidence and novel theoretical perspectives, the contributors deploy a diversity of methods, including ethnographies, field and laboratory experiments, cladistics and phylogenetic tree building, historiography, and philosophical analysis. Examples of the wide range of topics covered include field experiments with potters from five cultures, stability and change in Paleolithic toolmaking, why children lack flexibility when making tools, and cultural techniques in nonhuman animals. The volume’s three thematic sections are: · Timescales of technical rigidity and flexibility · Rigid copying to flexible reconstruction · Exogenous factors of technical rigidity and flexibility The volume closes with a discussion by philosopher Kim Sterelny. Contributors Rita Astuti, Adam Howell Boyette, Blandine Bril, Josep Call, Mathieu Charbonneau, Arianna Curioni, Nicola Cutting, Bert De Munck, György Gergely, Anne-Lise Goujon, Ildikó Király, Catherine Lara, Sébastien Manem, Luke McEllin, Helena Miton, Giulio Ongaro, Sarah Pope-Caldwell, Valentine Roux, Manon Schweinfurth, Dan Sperber, Kim Sterelny, Dietrich Stout, James W. A. Strachan, Sadie Tenpas

The malleable body

Author : Heidi Hausse
Publisher : Manchester University Press
ISBN 13 : 1526160641
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis The malleable body by : Heidi Hausse

Download or read book The malleable body written by Heidi Hausse and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2023-04-25 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book uses amputation and prostheses to tell a new story about medicine and embodied knowledge-making in early modern Europe. It draws on the writings of craft surgeons and learned physicians to follow the heated debates that arose from changing practices of removing limbs, uncovering tense moments in which decisions to operate were made. Importantly, it teases out surgeons’ ideas about the body embedded in their technical instructions. This unique study also explores the material culture of mechanical hands that amputees commissioned locksmiths, clockmakers, and other artisans to create, revealing their roles in developing a new prosthetic technology. Over two centuries of surgical and artisanal interventions emerged a growing perception, fundamental to biomedicine today, that humans could alter the body — that it was malleable.

Worthy Efforts: Attitudes to Work and Workers in Pre-Industrial Europe

Author : Catharina Lis
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 900423277X
Total Pages : 678 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Worthy Efforts: Attitudes to Work and Workers in Pre-Industrial Europe by : Catharina Lis

Download or read book Worthy Efforts: Attitudes to Work and Workers in Pre-Industrial Europe written by Catharina Lis and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2012-07-26 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Worthy Efforts Catharina Lis and Hugo Soly offer an innovative approach to the history of perceptions and representations of work in Europe throughout Classical Antiquity and the medieval and early modern periods.

Work, Regulation, and Identity in Provincial France

Author : D. Heimmermann
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137438592
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (374 download)

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Book Synopsis Work, Regulation, and Identity in Provincial France by : D. Heimmermann

Download or read book Work, Regulation, and Identity in Provincial France written by D. Heimmermann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-07 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 18th-century French leather industry was a strategically important manufacturing sector, one vital to both civilian and military life. This study examines the production of leather in the Bordeaux trades during the 18th and 19th centuries, illuminating the realities of a craft economy and its relation to the wider French political economy.

The European Guilds

Author : Sheilagh Ogilvie
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691217025
Total Pages : 682 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis The European Guilds by : Sheilagh Ogilvie

Download or read book The European Guilds written by Sheilagh Ogilvie and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-06-15 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Guilds ruled many crafts and trades from the Middle Ages to the Industrial Revolution, and have always attracted debate and controversy. They were sometimes viewed as efficient institutions that guaranteed quality and skills. But they also excluded competitors, manipulated markets, and blocked innovations. Did the benefits of guilds outweigh their costs? Analyzing thousands of guilds that dominated European economies from 1000 to 1880, The European Guilds uses vivid examples and clear economic reasoning to answer that question. Sheilagh Ogilvie's book features the voices of honorable guild masters, underpaid journeymen, exploited apprentices, shady officials, and outraged customers, and follows the stories of the "vile encroachers"--Women, migrants, Jews, gypsies, bastards, and many others--desperate to work but hunted down by the guilds as illicit competitors. She investigates the benefits of guilds but also shines a light on their dark side. Guilds sometimes provided important services, but they also manipulated markets to profit their members. They regulated quality but prevented poor consumers from buying goods cheaply. They fostered work skills but denied apprenticeships to outsiders. They transmitted useful techniques but blocked innovations that posed a threat. Guilds existed widely not because they corrected market failures or served the common good but because they benefited two powerful groups--guild members and political elites."--Rabat de la jaquette.

Domesticity in the Making of Modern Science

Author : Donald L. Opitz
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137492732
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (374 download)

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Book Synopsis Domesticity in the Making of Modern Science by : Donald L. Opitz

Download or read book Domesticity in the Making of Modern Science written by Donald L. Opitz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-26 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of the modern sciences has long overlooked the significance of domesticity as a physical, social, and symbolic force in the shaping of knowledge production. This book provides a welcome reorientation to our understanding of the making of the modern sciences globally by emphasizing the centrality of domesticity in diverse scientific enterprises.

European Cities and Towns

Author : Peter Clark
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191547441
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis European Cities and Towns by : Peter Clark

Download or read book European Cities and Towns written by Peter Clark and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-01-30 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the Middle Ages Europe has been one of the most urbanized continents on the planet and Europe's cities have firmly stamped their imprint on the continent's economic, social, political, and cultural life. This study of European cities and towns from the fall of the Roman Empire to the present day looks both at regional trends from across Europe and also at the widely differing fortunes of individual communities on the roller coaster of European urbanization. Taking a wide-angled view of the continent that embraces northern and eastern Europe as well as the city systems of the Mediterranean and western Europe, it addresses important debates ranging from the nature of urban survival in the post-Roman era to the position of the European city in a globalizing world. The book is divided into three parts, dealing with the middle ages, the early modern period, and the nineteenth and twentieth centuries - with each part containing chapters on urban trends, the urban economy, social developments, cultural life and landscape, and governance. Throughout, the book addresses key questions such as the role of migration, including that of women and ethnic minorities; the functioning of competition and emulation between cities, as well as issues of inter-urban cooperation; the different ways civic leaders have sought to promote urban identity and visibility; the significance of urban autonomy in enabling cities to protect their interests against the state; and not least why European cities and towns over the period have been such pressure cookers for new ideas and creativity, whether economic, political, or cultural.

Landless Households in Rural Europe, 1600-1900

Author : Christine Fertig
Publisher : Boydell & Brewer
ISBN 13 : 178327722X
Total Pages : 349 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Landless Households in Rural Europe, 1600-1900 by : Christine Fertig

Download or read book Landless Households in Rural Europe, 1600-1900 written by Christine Fertig and published by Boydell & Brewer. This book was released on 2022-07-19 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First comparative study of landless households brings out their major role in European history and society.

Flemish and Dutch Artists in Early Modern England

Author : MaryBryanH. Curd
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351566989
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis Flemish and Dutch Artists in Early Modern England by : MaryBryanH. Curd

Download or read book Flemish and Dutch Artists in Early Modern England written by MaryBryanH. Curd and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By examining their production practices in a variety of genres?including manuscript illustration, glass painting and staining, tapestry manufacture, portrait painting, and engraving?this book explores how Netherlandish artists migrating to England in the early modern period overcame difficulties raised by their outsider status. This study examines, for the first time in this context, the challenges of alien status to artistic production and the effectiveness of cooperation as a countermeasure. The author demonstrates that collaboration was chief among the strategies that these foreigners chose to secure a position in London's changing art market. Curd's exploration of these collaborations primarily follows Pierre Bourdieu's model of "establishment and challenger" in which dominance in a field of cultural production depends upon how much cultural, political, and economic capital can be accumulated and the effectiveness of the strategies used to confront competition. The analysis presented here challenges received opinion that a collaborative work is only a joint effort of artists working together on a single monument by demonstrating that the participation of patrons and middlemen can also shape the final appearance of a work of art. Furthermore, this book shows that the strategic use of collaboration served the goal of competition by helping to establish foreign artists in the London art market and suggests that their coping strategies have implications for the study of immigrant behaviors today.

From Artisan to Worker

Author : Michael P. Fitzsimmons
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139485938
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis From Artisan to Worker by : Michael P. Fitzsimmons

Download or read book From Artisan to Worker written by Michael P. Fitzsimmons and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-03-08 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From Artisan to Worker examines the largely overlooked debate over the potential reestablishment of guilds that occurred from 1776 to 1821. The abolition of guilds in 1791 overturned an organization of labor that had been in place for centuries. The disorder that ensued - from concerns about the safety of the food supply to a general decline in the quality of goods - raised strong doubts about their abolition and sparked a debate both inside and outside of government that went on for decades. The issue of the reestablishment of guilds, however, subsequently became intertwined with the growing mechanization of production. Under the Napoleonic regime, the government considered several projects to restore guilds in a large-scale fashion, but the counterargument that guilds could impede mechanization prevailed. After Bonaparte's fall, the restored Bourbon dynasty was expected to reorganize guilds, but its sponsorship of an industrial exhibition in 1819 signaled its endorsement of mechanization, and after 1821 there were no further efforts to restore guilds during the Restoration.

The Artisan and the European Town, 1500-1900

Author : Geoffrey Crossick
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis The Artisan and the European Town, 1500-1900 by : Geoffrey Crossick

Download or read book The Artisan and the European Town, 1500-1900 written by Geoffrey Crossick and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1997 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of essays focusing on the arisanal presence and the artisanal experience in Europe between the beginning of the early modern period and the end of the 19th century. The works cover a broad topic area, from the masters who served the most demanding of aristocratic clients to the journeymen who travelled round Central Europe in search of work and opportunities, from ritual representations of the social order to the fate of artisans and their guilds in a major port city during the French Revolution. Also explored are artisans' political activities and the presence and difficulties of women artisans.