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Armed Coups Against Portuguese Regime
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Book Synopsis The Democratic Coup D'état by : Ozan O. Varol
Download or read book The Democratic Coup D'état written by Ozan O. Varol and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Democratic Coup d'État advances a simple, yet controversial, argument: democracy sometimes comes through a military coup. Covering coups that toppled dictators and installed democratic rule in countries as diverse as Guinea-Bissau, Portugal, and Colombia, the book weaves a balanced narrative that challenges everything we knew about military coups.
Book Synopsis Armed Coups Against Portuguese Regime by : Vikas V. Desai
Download or read book Armed Coups Against Portuguese Regime written by Vikas V. Desai and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On revolts in Goa, 1583 to 1961; contributed articles.
Book Synopsis A People's History of the Portuguese Revolution by : Raquel Varela
Download or read book A People's History of the Portuguese Revolution written by Raquel Varela and published by People's History. This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On April 25, 1974, a coup destroyed the ranks of Estado Novo's fascist government in Portugal. Ordinary people flooded the streets of Lisbon, placing red carnations in the barrels of guns and demanding a land for those who work in it. This spontaneous revolt placed power in the hands of the working classes, trade unions, and women. In order to understand the Carnation Revolution, we must recognize it as an international coalition of social movements, comprised of struggles for independence in Portugal's African colonies, the rebellion of the young military captains of the Armed Forces Movement, and the uprising of Portugal's long-oppressed working classes. Cutting against the grain of mainstream accounts, Raquel Cardeira Varela shows how it was through the organizing power of these diverse movements that a popular-front government was instituted along with the nation's withdrawal from its overseas colonies. Offering a rich account of the challenges these coalitions faced and the victories they won through revolutionary means, this book tells the tumultuous history behind the Carnation Revolution.
Book Synopsis The Revolution Before the Revolution by : Guya Accornero
Download or read book The Revolution Before the Revolution written by Guya Accornero and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2016 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Title Page -- Table of Contents -- List of Figures -- Acknowledgments -- List of Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Chapter 1. Two Decades That Shook the World: 1956-1974 -- Chapter 2. The First Protest Cycle: 1956-1965 -- Chapter 3. 'The Marcelo's Spring' and the Opening of a Second Protest Cycle -- Chapter 4. Protest Cycle or Permanent Conflict? -- Chapter 5. The Demise of the New State -- Conclusions. Social Movements and Authoritarianism -- Bibliography -- Index
Book Synopsis The Making of Portuguese Democracy by : Kenneth Maxwell
Download or read book The Making of Portuguese Democracy written by Kenneth Maxwell and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-09-07 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This vividly-written book is the first comprehensive assessment of the origins of the present-day democratic regime in Portugal to be placed in a broad international historical context. After a vibrant account of the collapse of the old regime in 1974, it studies the complex revolutionary period that followed, and the struggle in Europe and Africa to define the future role of Europe's then poorest country. International repercussions are examined and comparisons are drawn with the more general collapse of communism in the late 1980s.
Download or read book Coup D'etat written by Edward Luttwak and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1979 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The coup is the most frequently attempted method of changing government, and the most successful. Coup dâe(tm)Ã%tat outlines the mechanism of the coup and analyzes the conditionsâe"political, military, and social, that gives rise to it. In doing so, the book sheds much light on societies where power does indeed grow out of the barrel of a gun and the role of law is a concept little understood.
Download or read book Between States written by Yossi Shain and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-05-26 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between States is the first book that assesses systematically the broad implications of interim governments in the establishment of democratic regimes and on the existence of states. Based on historical and contemporary democratisation experiences, the book presents four ideal types of interim government: opposition-led provisional governments, power-sharing interim governments, incumbent-led caretaker governments, and international interim government by the United Nations. The first part explores the theoretical problems of each of these models from a broad comparative perspective. It uses as illustrations historical and contemporary cases that present a wide spectrum of contexts for comparison. The second part provides extensive case studies that are intended to illustrate, appraise, amplify and criticise the analysis in volume one. These include Iran, East Germany, Portugal, Afghanistan, and Yugoslavia.
Book Synopsis The Military’s Impact on Democratic Development by : David Kuehn
Download or read book The Military’s Impact on Democratic Development written by David Kuehn and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-10-23 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the decline in the number of military coups since the 1960s and 1970s, Militaries continue to be crucial political actors in many world regions. Their impact on the democratic development of nations, however, has been mixed. On the one hand, coups against democratically elected leaders in Mali (2012), Egypt (2013), and Thailand (2014) have spelled doom for these countries’ nascent democratic regimes and have ushered in new periods of military dominance in politics. The cases of Portugal (1974), the Philippines (1986), and Tunisia (2011), on the other hand, show that the military’s decision not to defend authoritarian leaders against mass protests contributed crucially to the fall of dictatorships and facilitated transitions to democracy. This volume addresses the military’s ambivalent role as "midwife" or "gravedigger" of democracy and highlights the often multi-layered and complex relationship between militaries’ political behaviour and democratization. The chapters were originally published in a special issue of Democratization.
Book Synopsis The Carnation Revolution. Causes, Process and Consequences by :
Download or read book The Carnation Revolution. Causes, Process and Consequences written by and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2015-06-19 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2013 in the subject Politics - Region: Western Europe, grade: 1,3, , language: English, abstract: Nobody could have thought when on Thursday, April 25, 1974 in Lisbon, shortly after midnight the catholic Rádio Renascença played the song Grandola Vila Morena, it would lead to such consequences. The song was the signal for the young military officers of the Movimento das Forcas Armadas (MFA) to carry out the plans for a coup d’état. Only minor resistance from the security police occurred, so that by late morning the crowds were flooding the streets, cheering the soldiers, and putting carnations in the barrels of the rifles. The coup was efficiently and successfully and still on the same day, the deposed dictator Marcello Caetano surrendered to the new military leaders and already the next day flew into exile. This coup d’état marked the death of the oldest, over 40 years old dictatorship in Europe, lead by António de Oliveira Salazar (Ferreira, 1986). On the one hand marked April 25 the beginning of transition to democracy in Portugal and later even lead to a consolidated democracy. On the other hand this day marked the beginning of the third wave of democratization. The fall of communist regimes in Eastern Europe, the breakdown of the Latin American authoritarian regimes followed after Portugal brought the ball rolling. And the snowball effect influenced many other authoritarian regimes in the world to democratize as well. States like Spain, Brazil and Hungary were to follow the example of Portugal. It is the aim of this paper to analyze what the causes were, that lead to the revolution, how the process of the transition occurred and what the consequences of April 25 were.
Book Synopsis Rethinking Military Politics by : Alfred C. Stepan
Download or read book Rethinking Military Politics written by Alfred C. Stepan and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1988-03-21 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last four years have seen a remarkable resurgence of democracy in the Southern Cone of the Americas. Military regimes have been replaced in Argentina (1983), Uruguay (1985), and Brazil (1985). Despite great interest in these new democracies, the role of the military in the process of transition has been under-theorized and under-researched. Alfred Stepan, one of the best-known analysts of the military in politics, examines some of the reasons for this neglect and takes a new look at themes raised in his earlier work on the state, the breakdown of democracy, and the military. The reader of this book will gain a fresh understanding of new democracies and democratic movements throughout the world and their attempts to understand and control the military. An earlier version of this book has been a controversial best seller in Brazil. To examine the Brazilian case, the author uses a variety of new archival material and interviews, with comparative data from Argentina, Uruguay, Chile, and Spain. Brazilian military leaders had consolidated their hold on governmental power by strengthening the military-crafted intelligence services, but they eventually found these same intelligence systems to be a formidable threat. Professor Stepan explains how redemocratization occurred as the military reached into the civil sector for allies in its struggle against the growing influence of the intelligence community. He also explores dissension within the military and the continuing conflicts between the military and the civilian government.
Book Synopsis We Cannot Remain Silent by : James N. Green
Download or read book We Cannot Remain Silent written by James N. Green and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2010-07-02 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1964, Brazil’s democratically elected, left-wing government was ousted in a coup and replaced by a military junta. The Johnson administration quickly recognized the new government. The U.S. press and members of Congress were nearly unanimous in their support of the “revolution” and the coup leaders’ anticommunist agenda. Few Americans were aware of the human rights abuses perpetrated by Brazil’s new regime. By 1969, a small group of academics, clergy, Brazilian exiles, and political activists had begun to educate the American public about the violent repression in Brazil and mobilize opposition to the dictatorship. By 1974, most informed political activists in the United States associated the Brazilian government with its torture chambers. In We Cannot Remain Silent, James N. Green analyzes the U.S. grassroots activities against torture in Brazil, and the ways those efforts helped to create a new discourse about human-rights violations in Latin America. He explains how the campaign against Brazil’s dictatorship laid the groundwork for subsequent U.S. movements against human rights abuses in Chile, Uruguay, Argentina, and Central America. Green interviewed many of the activists who educated journalists, government officials, and the public about the abuses taking place under the Brazilian dictatorship. Drawing on those interviews and archival research from Brazil and the United States, he describes the creation of a network of activists with international connections, the documentation of systematic torture and repression, and the cultivation of Congressional allies and the press. Those efforts helped to expose the terror of the dictatorship and undermine U.S. support for the regime. Against the background of the political and social changes of the 1960s and 1970s, Green tells the story of a decentralized, international grassroots movement that effectively challenged U.S. foreign policy.
Book Synopsis In Defense of Marxism by : León Trotsky
Download or read book In Defense of Marxism written by León Trotsky and published by . This book was released on 2011-10 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Portuguese Rural Society by : José Cutileiro
Download or read book A Portuguese Rural Society written by José Cutileiro and published by Oxford : Clarendon Press. This book was released on 1971 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sociological and anthropological field study of a rural area of Southern Portugal - covers the political and social structure, the land tenure system, the conflict of interests and labour relations between landowners and rural workers, wages bargaining, strikes, traditional family relationships, the role of the Church, local level public administration, patronage and social control, the weakness of trade unions, the rate of unemployment, etc. Bibliography pp. 306 and 307, map, references and statistical tables.
Book Synopsis The Third Wave by : Samuel P. Huntington
Download or read book The Third Wave written by Samuel P. Huntington and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2012-09-06 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between 1974 and 1990 more than thirty countries in southern Europe, Latin America, East Asia, and Eastern Europe shifted from authoritarian to democratic systems of government. This global democratic revolution is probably the most important political trend in the late twentieth century. In The Third Wave, Samuel P. Huntington analyzes the causes and nature of these democratic transitions, evaluates the prospects for stability of the new democracies, and explores the possibility of more countries becoming democratic. The recent transitions, he argues, are the third major wave of democratization in the modem world. Each of the two previous waves was followed by a reverse wave in which some countries shifted back to authoritarian government. Using concrete examples, empirical evidence, and insightful analysis, Huntington provides neither a theory nor a history of the third wave, but an explanation of why and how it occurred. Factors responsible for the democratic trend include the legitimacy dilemmas of authoritarian regimes; economic and social development; the changed role of the Catholic Church; the impact of the United States, the European Community, and the Soviet Union; and the "snowballing" phenomenon: change in one country stimulating change in others. Five key elite groups within and outside the nondemocratic regime played roles in shaping the various ways democratization occurred. Compromise was key to all democratizations, and elections and nonviolent tactics also were central. New democracies must deal with the "torturer problem" and the "praetorian problem" and attempt to develop democratic values and processes. Disillusionment with democracy, Huntington argues, is necessary to consolidating democracy. He concludes the book with an analysis of the political, economic, and cultural factors that will decide whether or not the third wave continues. Several "Guidelines for Democratizers" offer specific, practical suggestions for initiating and carrying out reform. Huntington's emphasis on practical application makes this book a valuable tool for anyone engaged in the democratization process. At this volatile time in history, Huntington's assessment of the processes of democratization is indispensable to understanding the future of democracy in the world.
Book Synopsis Politics in Brazil, 1930-1964 by : Thomas E. Skidmore
Download or read book Politics in Brazil, 1930-1964 written by Thomas E. Skidmore and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2007 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thorough study of Brazilian politics from 1930 to 1964, this book begins with Getulio Vargas' fifteen-year-rule--the latter part of which was a virtual dictatorship--and traces the following years of economic difficulty and political turbulence, culminating in the explosive coup d'état that overthrew the constitutional government of President Jo~ao Goulart and profoundly changes the nature of Brazil's political institutions. The first book by Thomas E. Skidmore, Politics in Brazil, 1930-1964, immediately became the definitive political history in English and Portuguese of those turbulent times. It was published by OUP in 1937 in hardcover but has been out of print in recent years. For this 40th anniversary, James Green, who is Skidmore's literary executor at Brown University, will write a new foreword for the book, placing it in the context of the literature.a
Book Synopsis The Last Empire by : Stewart Lloyd-Jones
Download or read book The Last Empire written by Stewart Lloyd-Jones and published by Intellect Books. This book was released on 2003 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the result of a conference organised by the Contemporary Portuguese Political History Research Centre (CPHRC) and the University of Dundee that took place during September 2000. The purpose of this conference, and the resulting book, was to bring together various experts in the field to analyse and debate the process of Portuguese decolonisation, which was then 25 years old, and the effects of this on the Portuguese themselves. For over one century, the Portuguese state had defined its foreign policy on the basis of its vast empire – this was the root of its 'Atlanticist' vision. The outbreak of war of liberation in its African territories, which were prompted by the new international support for self determination in colonised territories, was a serious threat that undermined the very foundations of the Portuguese state. This book examines the nature of this threat, how the Portuguese state initially attempted to overcome it by force, and how new pressures within Portuguese society were given space to emerge as a consequence of the colonial wars. This is the first book that takes a multidisciplinary look at both the causes and the consequences of Portuguese decolonisation – and is the only one that places the loss of Portugal's Eastern Empire in the context of the loss of its African Empire. Furthermore, it is the only English language book that relates the process of Portuguese decolonisation with the search for a new Portuguese vision of its place in the world. This book is intended for anyone who is interested in regime change, decolonisation, political revolutions and the growth and development of the European Union. It will also be useful for those who are interested in contemporary developments in civil society and state ideologies. Given that a large part of the book is dedicated to the process of change in the various countries of the former Portuguese Empire, it will also be of interest to students of Africa. It will be useful to those who study decolonisation processes within the other former European Empires, as it provides comparative detail. The book will be most useful to academic researchers and students of comparative politics and area studies.
Book Synopsis European Fascism by : Stuart Joseph Woolf
Download or read book European Fascism written by Stuart Joseph Woolf and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
