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Arctic Mixed Phase Clouds
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Book Synopsis Mixed-Phase Clouds by : Constantin Andronache
Download or read book Mixed-Phase Clouds written by Constantin Andronache and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-09-28 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mixed-Phase Clouds: Observations and Modeling presents advanced research topics on mixed-phase clouds. As the societal impacts of extreme weather and its forecasting grow, there is a continuous need to refine atmospheric observations, techniques and numerical models. Understanding the role of clouds in the atmosphere is increasingly vital for current applications, such as prediction and prevention of aircraft icing, weather modification, and the assessment of the effects of cloud phase partition in climate models. This book provides the essential information needed to address these problems with a focus on current observations, simulations and applications. Provides in-depth knowledge and simulation of mixed-phase clouds over many regions of Earth, explaining their role in weather and climate Features current research examples and case studies, including those on advanced research methods from authors with experience in both academia and the industry Discusses the latest advances in this subject area, providing the reader with access to best practices for remote sensing and numerical modeling
Book Synopsis Arctic mixed-phase clouds : Macro- and microphysical insights with a numerical model by : Loewe, Katharina
Download or read book Arctic mixed-phase clouds : Macro- and microphysical insights with a numerical model written by Loewe, Katharina and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2017-09-15 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work provides new insights into macro- and microphysical properties of Arctic mixed-phase clouds: first, by comparing semi-idealized large eddy simulations with observations; second, by dissecting the influences of different surface types and boundary layer structures on Arctic mixed- phase clouds; third, by elucidating the dissipation process; and finally by analyzing the main microphysical processes inside Arctic mixed-phase clouds.
Book Synopsis Arctic Mixed-phase Clouds by : Katharina Loewe
Download or read book Arctic Mixed-phase Clouds written by Katharina Loewe and published by . This book was released on 2020-10-09 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work provides new insights into macro- and microphysical properties of Arctic mixed-phase clouds: first, by comparing semi-idealized large eddy simulations with observations; second, by dissecting the influences of different surface types and boundary layer structures on Arctic mixed- phase clouds; third, by elucidating the dissipation process; and finally by analyzing the main microphysical processes inside Arctic mixed-phase clouds. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.
Book Synopsis Simulating Arctic Mixed-phase Clouds and Their Sensitivity to Ice Nucleation by : Marco Paukert
Download or read book Simulating Arctic Mixed-phase Clouds and Their Sensitivity to Ice Nucleation written by Marco Paukert and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Simulations of Arctic Mixed-phase Clouds in Forecasts with CAM3 and AM2 for M-PACE. by :
Download or read book Simulations of Arctic Mixed-phase Clouds in Forecasts with CAM3 and AM2 for M-PACE. written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [1] Simulations of mixed-phase clouds in forecasts with the NCAR Atmosphere Model version 3 (CAM3) and the GFDL Atmospheric Model version 2 (AM2) for the Mixed-Phase Arctic Cloud Experiment (M-PACE) are performed using analysis data from numerical weather prediction centers. CAM3 significantly underestimates the observed boundary layer mixed-phase cloud fraction and cannot realistically simulate the variations of liquid water fraction with temperature and cloud height due to its oversimplified cloud microphysical scheme. In contrast, AM2 reasonably reproduces the observed boundary layer cloud fraction while its clouds contain much less cloud condensate than CAM3 and the observations. The simulation of the boundary layer mixed-phase clouds and their microphysical properties is considerably improved in CAM3 when a new physically based cloud microphysical scheme is used (CAM3LIU). The new scheme also leads to an improved simulation of the surface and top of the atmosphere longwave radiative fluxes. Sensitivity tests show that these results are not sensitive to the analysis data used for model initialization. Increasing model horizontal resolution helps capture the subgrid-scale features in Arctic frontal clouds but does not help improve the simulation of the single-layer boundary layer clouds. AM2 simulated cloud fraction and LWP are sensitive to the change in cloud ice number concentrations used in the Wegener-Bergeron-Findeisen process while CAM3LIU only shows moderate sensitivity in its cloud fields to this change. Furthermore, this paper shows that the Wegener-Bergeron-Findeisen process is important for these models to correctly simulate the observed features of mixed-phase clouds.
Book Synopsis Fine-scale Horizontal Structure of Arctic Mixed-Phase Clouds by : M. Shupe
Download or read book Fine-scale Horizontal Structure of Arctic Mixed-Phase Clouds written by M. Shupe and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent in situ observations in stratiform clouds suggest that mixed phase regimes, here defined as limited cloud volumes containing both liquid and solid water, are constrained to narrow layers (order 100 m) separating all-liquid and fully glaciated volumes (Hallett and Viddaurre, 2005). The Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program's (DOE-ARM, Ackerman and Stokes, 2003) North Slope of Alaska (NSA) ARM Climate Research Facility (ACRF) recently started collecting routine measurement of radar Doppler velocity power spectra from the Millimeter Cloud Radar (MMCR). Shupe et al. (2004) showed that Doppler spectra has potential to separate the contributions to the total reflectivity of the liquid and solid water in the radar volume, and thus to investigate further Hallett and Viddaurre's findings. The Mixed-Phase Arctic Cloud Experiment (MPACE) was conducted along the NSA to investigate the properties of Arctic mixed phase clouds (Verlinde et al., 2006). We present surface based remote sensing data from MPACE to discuss the fine-scale structure of the mixed-phase clouds observed during this experiment.
Book Synopsis Arctic Mixed-phase Clouds from the Micro- to the Mesoscale - Insights from High-resolution Modeling by : Gesa K. Eirund
Download or read book Arctic Mixed-phase Clouds from the Micro- to the Mesoscale - Insights from High-resolution Modeling written by Gesa K. Eirund and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cloud Dynamics written by PRUPPACHER and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 1976 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Simulations of Aerosol, Microphysical and Coastal Influences on Arctic Mixed-phase Clouds by : Alexander Elkov Avramov
Download or read book Simulations of Aerosol, Microphysical and Coastal Influences on Arctic Mixed-phase Clouds written by Alexander Elkov Avramov and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Intercomparison of Model Simulations of Mixed-phase Clouds Observed During the ARM Mixed-Phase Arctic Cloud Experiment. Part II by :
Download or read book Intercomparison of Model Simulations of Mixed-phase Clouds Observed During the ARM Mixed-Phase Arctic Cloud Experiment. Part II written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Results are presented from an intercomparison of single-column and cloud-resolving model simulations of a deep, multi-layered, mixed-phase cloud system observed during the ARM Mixed-Phase Arctic Cloud Experiment. This cloud system was associated with strong surface turbulent sensible and latent heat fluxes as cold air flowed over the open Arctic Ocean, combined with a low pressure system that supplied moisture at mid-level. The simulations, performed by 13 single-column and 4 cloud-resolving models, generally overestimate the liquid water path and strongly underestimate the ice water path, although there is a large spread among the models. This finding is in contrast with results for the single-layer, low-level mixed-phase stratocumulus case in Part I of this study, as well as previous studies of shallow mixed-phase Arctic clouds, that showed an underprediction of liquid water path. The overestimate of liquid water path and underestimate of ice water path occur primarily when deeper mixed-phase clouds extending into the mid-troposphere were observed. These results suggest important differences in the ability of models to simulate Arctic mixed-phase clouds that are deep and multi-layered versus shallow and single-layered. In general, models with a more sophisticated, two-moment treatment of the cloud microphysics produce a somewhat smaller liquid water path that is closer to observations. The cloud-resolving models tend to produce a larger cloud fraction than the single-column models. The liquid water path and especially the cloud fraction have a large impact on the cloud radiative forcing at the surface, which is dominated by the longwave flux for this case.
Book Synopsis Microphysical Properties of Single and Mixed-phase Arctic Clouds Derived from Ground-based AERI Observations by : David D. Turner
Download or read book Microphysical Properties of Single and Mixed-phase Arctic Clouds Derived from Ground-based AERI Observations written by David D. Turner and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Arctic Mixed Phase Cloud Microphysical Properties Deduced from Arm Surface and Aircraft Measurements During M-PACE by : Hongchun Jin
Download or read book Arctic Mixed Phase Cloud Microphysical Properties Deduced from Arm Surface and Aircraft Measurements During M-PACE written by Hongchun Jin and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Variability in Microphysical Properties of Mixed-phase Arctic Clouds by : David Lloyd Brown
Download or read book Variability in Microphysical Properties of Mixed-phase Arctic Clouds written by David Lloyd Brown and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Numerical Modeling of Arctic Mixed-phase Layered Clouds by : Yaosheng Chen
Download or read book Numerical Modeling of Arctic Mixed-phase Layered Clouds written by Yaosheng Chen and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arctic mixed-phase clouds are often multi-layered. Different cloud layers interact through radiation as well as ice precipitation falling from upper layer clouds into the lower layer clouds. The evolution of an Arctic mixed-phase stratiform cloud under prescribed perturbations from an overlaying cloud in the form of downwelling longwave radiation and ice precipitation was simulated and documented. The perturbations created regions with heterogeneous properties in the horizontal direction within the lower level cloud, the consequence of which was the development of a mesoscale circulation that propagated the perturbations well beyond the location of the initial perturbed region.In a separate study, we forward modeled radar Doppler spectra based on a large-eddy simulation (LES) model simulation of a single layer Arctic mixed-phase cloud and compared the modeled quantities with those retrieved from the observations. We show that there was a significant contribution from the microphysical broadening to the cloud radar Doppler spectral width in Arctic mixed-phase clouds. LES simulations configured with different ice particle characteristics captured different aspects of the observations in the simulated case, where a mixture of ice particles of different properties were likely present. The dynamics of the LES simulations, characterized with the total turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate, agreed fairly well with the values retrieved from the observations. Due to significant numerical dissipation in the model for the case evaluated here, the TKE dissipation rate from the subgrid-scale model did not represent the dissipation rate in the model.
Book Synopsis Variation in Mass-dimensional Relationships for Mixed Phase Arctic Clouds by : Jennifer L. Van Der Horn
Download or read book Variation in Mass-dimensional Relationships for Mixed Phase Arctic Clouds written by Jennifer L. Van Der Horn and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Microphysical Properties of Single and Mixed-Phase Arctic Clouds Derived from AERI Observations by :
Download or read book Microphysical Properties of Single and Mixed-Phase Arctic Clouds Derived from AERI Observations written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel new approach to retrieve cloud microphysical properties from mixed-phase clouds is presented. This algorithm retrieves cloud optical depth, ice fraction, and the effective size of the water and ice particles from ground-based, high-resolution infrared radiance observations. The theoretical basis is that the absorption coefficient of ice is stronger than that of liquid water from 10-13 mm, whereas liquid water is more absorbing than ice from 16-25 um. However, due to strong absorption in the rotational water vapor absorption band, the 16-25 um spectral region becomes opaque for significant water vapor burdens (id est, for precipitable water vapor amounts over approximately 1 cm). The Arctic is characterized by its dry and cold atmosphere, as well as a preponderance of mixed-phase clouds, and thus this approach is applicable to Arctic clouds. Since this approach uses infrared observations, cloud properties are retrieved at night and during the long polar wintertime period. The analysis of the cloud properties retrieved during a 7 month period during the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic (SHEBA) experiment demonstrates many interesting features. These results show a dependence of the optical depth on cloud phase, differences in the mode radius of the water droplets in liquid-only and mid-phase clouds, a lack of temperature dependence in the ice fraction for temperatures above 240 K, seasonal trends in the optical depth with the clouds being thinner in winter and becoming more optically thick in the late spring, and a seasonal trend in the effective size of the water droplets in liquid-only and mixed-phase clouds that is most likely related to aerosol concentration.
Book Synopsis Simulating Mixed-phase Arctic Stratus Clouds by :
Download or read book Simulating Mixed-phase Arctic Stratus Clouds written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The importance of Arctic mixed-phase clouds on radiation and the Arctic climate is well known. However, the development of mixed-phase cloud parameterization for use in large scale models is limited by lack of both related observations and numerical studies using multidimensional models with advanced microphysics that provide the basis for understanding the relative importance of different microphysical processes that take place in mixed-phase clouds. To improve the representation of mixed-phase cloud processes in the GISS GCM we use the GISS single-column model coupled to a bin resolved microphysics (BRM) scheme that was specially designed to simulate mixed-phase clouds and aerosol-cloud interactions. Using this model with the microphysical measurements obtained from the DOE ARM Mixed-Phase Arctic Cloud Experiment (MPACE) campaign in October 2004 at the North Slope of Alaska, we investigate the effect of ice initiation processes and Bergeron-Findeisen process (BFP) on glaciation time and longevity of single-layer stratiform mixed-phase clouds. We focus on observations taken during October 9th-10th, which indicated the presence of a single-layer mixed-phase clouds. We performed several sets of 12-hour simulations to examine model sensitivity to different ice initiation mechanisms and evaluate model output (hydrometeors concentrations, contents, effective radii, precipitation fluxes, and radar reflectivity) against measurements from the MPACE Intensive Observing Period. Overall, the model qualitatively simulates ice crystal concentration and hydrometeors content, but it fails to predict quantitatively the effective radii of ice particles and their vertical profiles. In particular, the ice effective radii are overestimated by at least 50%. However, using the same definition as used for observations, the effective radii simulated and that observed were more comparable. We find that for the single-layer stratiform mixed-phase clouds simulated, process of ice phase initiation due to freezing of supercooled water in both saturated and subsaturated (w.r.t. water) environments is as important as primary ice crystal origination from water vapor. We also find that the BFP is a process mainly responsible for the rates of glaciation of simulated clouds. These glaciation rates cannot be adequately represented by a water-ice saturation adjustment scheme that only depends on temperature and liquid and solid hydrometeors contents as is widely used in bulk microphysics schemes and are better represented by processes that also account for supersaturation changes as the hydrometeors grow.
