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Arabidopsis Thaliana As A Model For Plant Pathogen Interactions
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Book Synopsis Arabidopsis Thaliana as a Model for Plant-pathogen Interactions by : Keith R. Davis
Download or read book Arabidopsis Thaliana as a Model for Plant-pathogen Interactions written by Keith R. Davis and published by American Phytopathological Society. This book was released on 1993 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents techniques for examining this small weed's unique systems.
Book Synopsis Plant-pathogen Interactions by : Nicholas J. Talbot
Download or read book Plant-pathogen Interactions written by Nicholas J. Talbot and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant diseases are destructive and threaten virtually any crop grown on a commercial scale. They are kept in check by plant breeding strategies that have introgressed disease resistance genes into many important crops, and by the deployment of costly control measures, such as antibiotics and fungicides. However, the capacity for the agents of plant disease - viruses, bacteria, fungi, and oomycetes - to adapt to new conditions, overcoming disease resistance and becoming resistant to pesticides, is very great. For these reasons, understanding the biology of plant diseases is essential for the development of durable control strategies. Plant-Pathogen Interactions provides and overview of our current knowledge of plant-pathogen interactions and the establishment of plant disease, drawing together fundamental new information on plant infection mechanisms and host responses. The role of molecular signals, gene regulation, and the physiology of pathogenic organisms are emphasized, but the role of the prevailing environment in the conditioning of disease is also discussed. Emphasizing the broader understanding that has emerged from the use of molecular genetics and genomics, Plant-Pathogen Interactions highlights those interactions that have been most widely studied and those in which genome information has provided a new level of understanding.
Book Synopsis Molecular Aspects of Plant-Pathogen Interaction by : Archana Singh
Download or read book Molecular Aspects of Plant-Pathogen Interaction written by Archana Singh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-15 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book offers an integrated overview of plant–pathogen interactions. It discusses all the steps in the pathway, from the microbe–host-cell interface and the plant’s recognition of the microbe to the plant’s defense response and biochemical alterations to achieve tolerance / resistance. It also sheds light on the classes of pathogens (bacteria, fungus and viruses); effector molecules, such as PAMPs; receptor molecules like PRRs and NBS-LRR proteins; signaling components like MAPKs; regulatory molecules, such as phytohormones and miRNA; transcription factors, such as WRKY; defense-related proteins such as PR-proteins; and defensive metabolites like secondary metabolites. In addition, it examines the role of post-genomics, high-throughput technology (transcriptomics and proteomics) in studying pathogen outbreaks causing crop losses in a number of plants. Providing a comprehensive picture of plant-pathogen interaction, the updated information included in this book is valuable for all those involved in crop improvement.
Book Synopsis Plant-pathogen Interaction in Arabidopsis Thaliana by : Scott G. Williams
Download or read book Plant-pathogen Interaction in Arabidopsis Thaliana written by Scott G. Williams and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Genome Scale Analysis of Arabidopsis Thaliana Quantitative Disease Resistance to the Generalist Fungal Pathogen Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum by : Thomas Badet
Download or read book Genome Scale Analysis of Arabidopsis Thaliana Quantitative Disease Resistance to the Generalist Fungal Pathogen Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum written by Thomas Badet and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In nature, plant pathogen interactions are frequent but disease is not the most prevalent outcome. Indeed, plants evolved an efficient immune system able to face multiple pathogen attacks. Getting insights into plant microbe interactions at multiple levels will improve our understanding of how plants defend against pathogens and help building sustainable agronomy. Fungal plant pathogens are major threats to food security worldwide. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is an Ascomycete generalist plant pathogen causing mold diseases on hundreds of plant species. There is no genetic source of complete plant resistance to this generalist pathogen known to date. Instead, natural plant populations show a continuum of resistance levels controlled by multiple genes, a phenotype designated as quantitative disease resistance (QDR). Little is known about the molecular mechanisms controlling the interaction between plants and S. sclerotiorum, and more generally which are the molecular bases underlying QDR in plants. My thesis project consisted in a first part in identifying molecular mechanisms underlying QDR to S. sclerotiorum in natural accessions of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. A Genome wide association study (GWAS) allowed me to associate genetic variation with disease resistance to S. sclerotiorum. The analysis pinpointed three genes in A. thaliana genome as putative candidates involved in QDR to S. sclerotiorum. I led the functional characterization of these genes and investigated natural diversity at these loci. The results revealed that a prolyl-oligopeptidase (POQR) and an actin-related protein complex member (ARPC4) are associated with QDR against S. sclerotiorum. The analysis of actin filament networks highlighted their role in response to S. sclerotiorum. Furthermore, I showed that POQR alleles evolved convergently in different plant lineages, suggesting that some QDR molecular mechanisms are conserved across plants. Among fungal parasites, some like S. sclerotiorum are able to infect multiple species while others are restricted to one or few hosts. In the second part of the project, I investigated the properties of S. sclerotiorum genome associated to its ability to infect hundreds of plant species. Theory predicts that generalism comes at a cost and may underlie important fitness trade-offs. At the genome level, some codons (nucleotide triplets) allow more efficient translation than their synonymous. Indeed, the genetic encoding of proteins is redundant with multiple codons specifying the same amino acid. The optimization of codon-usage is a mean to reduce the costs associated with protein production. I analysed codon-usage at the genome level in 45 fungal species to reveal that generalist parasites are highly codon optimized. Moreover, I showed that optimized codons are under purifying selection, suggesting that codon optimization is an adaptation to generalist parasitism in fungi.
Author :European Foundation for Plant Pathology. Conference Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :9780792321545 Total Pages :514 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (215 download)
Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Plant Defense Responses by : European Foundation for Plant Pathology. Conference
Download or read book Mechanisms of Plant Defense Responses written by European Foundation for Plant Pathology. Conference and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1993 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of papers that give a comprehensive description of the major areas of research on the interactions between plants and their pathogens. State-of-the-art knowledge about research on microbial avirulence genes and plant resistance genes, about pathogenicity factors and signals for establishment of infection, about elicitors and intermediates in the signalling pathway, and about the genes involved in plant responses to pathogens and environmental stress is reviewed. The different topics covered show that modern tools of plant cellular and molecular biology are now available to investigate very significant models of plant-pathogen interactions and to identify the molecular determinants of the two partners that trigger defence responses, the signals involved and the mechanism of their transduction, the spatial and temporal regulation of defence gene expression in relation to the spread or localization of the pathogen. The first trials to exploit these results for enhancing plant resistance and crop field by biotechnology are presented. The book is a main reference source for research scientists and advanced students.
Book Synopsis Genomics of Plant–Pathogen Interaction and the Stress Response by : Ashutosh Mani
Download or read book Genomics of Plant–Pathogen Interaction and the Stress Response written by Ashutosh Mani and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-09-25 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plants are an indispensable part of human and animal lives for nutrition and health. But pests, diseases and abiotic stress adversely affect crop yield, which ultimately places significant pressure on society to provide food to an increasing population. Moreover, it also encourages increased chemical/pesticide usage on crops, which we see in the biomagnification of toxic and hazardous compounds polluting water bodies, soil and the environment. This condition will continue to worsen in the future due to the resistance-acquiring ability of pathogens against plant defense and chemical treatments. In addition, environmental disturbances and consumer health issues are being reported more promptly than before due to intensive use of pesticides in food production. Plant diseases affect our daily lives, as the use of insecticides and pesticides has become part of our food chain. As a result, precise disease diagnosis and management is crucial in order to avoid huge losses in plant production and related commodities. Accurate detection, precise diagnosis and proper management can play a significant role in keeping plants free from pathogens. In this book, scientists, researchers and scholars share their research knowledge, offering a valuable resource for understanding plant diseases, pathogen interaction and responses to stress through an omics perspective, contributing to further advancements in the field Diseases in plants may be caused by various factors, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi and abiotic stress. Disease causes low crop yield, production of poor-quality fruits and grains, and deficiency of nutrients, which have a direct impact on human and animal health. A genomics-based approach can be applied to disease diagnosis; disease outbreak; evolution of plant and pathogen genome for disease outbreak in relation to climate change; and development of long-term strategies for plant health and defense. This book presents an overview of omics technologies and approaches used to understand: 1) the relation between plants and their environment in terms of diseases 2) responses to abiotic stress 3) the genomics of plant–pathogen interaction 4) herbicide-resistance mechanisms 5) the epigenetics of plant–pathogen interaction 6) gene regulation during abiotic stress response 7) the oxidative stress response
Book Synopsis Genomics of Plant–Pathogen Interaction and the Stress Response by : Ashutosh Mani
Download or read book Genomics of Plant–Pathogen Interaction and the Stress Response written by Ashutosh Mani and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-09-25 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plants are an indispensable part of human and animal lives for nutrition and health. But pests, diseases and abiotic stress adversely affect crop yield, which ultimately places significant pressure on society to provide food to an increasing population. Moreover, it also encourages increased chemical/pesticide usage on crops, which we see in the biomagnification of toxic and hazardous compounds polluting water bodies, soil and the environment. This condition will continue to worsen in the future due to the resistance-acquiring ability of pathogens against plant defense and chemical treatments. In addition, environmental disturbances and consumer health issues are being reported more promptly than before due to intensive use of pesticides in food production. Plant diseases affect our daily lives, as the use of insecticides and pesticides has become part of our food chain. As a result, precise disease diagnosis and management is crucial in order to avoid huge losses in plant production and related commodities. Accurate detection, precise diagnosis and proper management can play a significant role in keeping plants free from pathogens. In this book, scientists, researchers and scholars share their research knowledge, offering a valuable resource for understanding plant diseases, pathogen interaction and responses to stress through an omics perspective, contributing to further advancements in the field Diseases in plants may be caused by various factors, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi and abiotic stress. Disease causes low crop yield, production of poor-quality fruits and grains, and deficiency of nutrients, which have a direct impact on human and animal health. A genomics-based approach can be applied to disease diagnosis; disease outbreak; evolution of plant and pathogen genome for disease outbreak in relation to climate change; and development of long-term strategies for plant health and defense. This book presents an overview of omics technologies and approaches used to understand: the relation between plants and their environment in terms of diseases responses to abiotic stress the genomics of plant–pathogen interaction herbicide-resistance mechanisms the epigenetics of plant–pathogen interaction gene regulation during abiotic stress response the oxidative stress response
Book Synopsis From Model System to Crops by : Mercedes Mae Schroeder
Download or read book From Model System to Crops written by Mercedes Mae Schroeder and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plants are subject to attack by microbial pathogens. This research utilized four distinct plant-pathosystems combined with methods of phytopathology, molecular genetics and chemical biology to study mechanisms of plant immunity against microbial phytopathogens. Chemical biology is the use of small molecule compounds to study biological processes. A previous chemical screen identified 114 compounds, called synthetic elicitors, that activate innate immune responses in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis). Here, experiments conducted with three synthetic elicitors were found to provide disease protection in one or more of the following plant-pathogen interactions: Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) and Pseudomonas syringae pathovar tomato (Pst), Vigna unguiculata (cowpea) and Fusarium oxysporum formae speciales tracheiphilum race 3 (Fot3) or Arabidopsis and Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (Hpa). The results of these studies demonstrated the potential power of synthetic elicitors as both tools for molecular/chemical biology research and for direct protection of agricultural crop plants. In addition to synthetic elicitor-applied research, innovative agar plate-based infection assays were developed to study defense responses in Arabidopsis against Macrophomina phaseolina (Mp). Dubbed as a "global destroyer of crops", the necrotrophic, soil-borne fungus Mp infects more than 500 plant species including many economically important crops. Plant defenses against this powerful pathogen are poorly understood. The novel model phyto-pathosystem was used to quantify Mp biomass growth in roots and to analyze shoot disease severity in different Arabidopsis genotypes, quantitatively assessing host factors affecting the outcome of Mp infections. By comparative profiling of host transcripts in roots of the wild type Arabidopsis accession Col-0, with and without Mp infection, expression changes were uncovered in hundreds of genes potentially contributing to Mp defense mechanisms or putative effector targeting schemes. The results established the Mp-Arabidopsis interaction as a useful model pathosystem, which allowed for application of the vast genomics-related resources of this versatile model plant to the systematic investigation of previously understudied host defenses against a major broad host-spectrum plant pathogen.
Book Synopsis Ethylene in Plant Biology by : Frederick B. Abeles
Download or read book Ethylene in Plant Biology written by Frederick B. Abeles and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethylene in Plant Biology, Second Edition provides a definitive survey of what is currently known about this structurally simplest of all plant growth regulators. This volume contains all new material plus a bibliographic guide to the complete literature of this field. Progress in molecular biology and biotechnology as well as biochemistry, plant physiology, development, regulation, and environmental aspects is covered in nine chapters co-authored by three eminent authorities in plant ethylene research. This volume is the modern text reference for all researchers and students of ethylene in plant and agricultural science. - Completely updated - Concise, readable style for students and professional - Contains an extensive bibliographic guide to the original literature - Well illustrated with diagrams and photographs - Thorough coverage of: ethylene and ethephon roles and effects stress ethylene, biosynthesis of ethylene, molecular biology of ethylene, action of ethylene, agricultural uses of ethylene
Book Synopsis The Interaction of Natural Variation in a Necrotrophic Fungal Pathogen, Botrytis Cinerea, with Plant Defense in the Arabidopsis Thaliana Model System by : Heather Cristina Rowe
Download or read book The Interaction of Natural Variation in a Necrotrophic Fungal Pathogen, Botrytis Cinerea, with Plant Defense in the Arabidopsis Thaliana Model System written by Heather Cristina Rowe and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Study of Charcoal Rot Disease Using the Model Plant Arabidopsis Thaliana by : Priya Fernandes
Download or read book Study of Charcoal Rot Disease Using the Model Plant Arabidopsis Thaliana written by Priya Fernandes and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Macrophomina phaseolina is a warm climate fungal pathogen of the Botryosphaeriaceae family that causes charcoal rot disease in over 700 plant species including commercially grown plants such as soybean, maize, peanut and cotton. Currently used management approaches for the disease including irrigation, addition of organic amendments and crop rotation are not very effective. Limited knowledge on host-pathogen interactions hinders the development of disease resistance strain by genetic engineering. To understand the disease mechanisms at the molecular level, we chose to use Arabidopsis thaliana as a model to study charcoal rot. In this study we established Arabidopsis as a susceptible host for Macrophomina phaseolina. Furthermore, the cellular process of infection and propagation of the pathogen within the host system during the early and late stages of infection were examined by microscopy. Recent studies have demonstrated the crucial roles of different phytohormones in the induction of defense signaling pathways. Here, the interactions between plant hormone-mediated signaling and plant disease resistance were studied using a genetics approach with a hope of understanding the mechanisms of plant immunity against Macrophomina phaseolina mediated by auxin, SA, JA, ET and ABA. In this study we hypothesized that the necrotrophic fungus M. phaseolina invades the host by affecting the biosynthesis of plant hormones (mainly JA, ET and auxin) and/or activation of the corresponding hormonal pathways that are directly or indirectly involved in mounting a defense response against the pathogen. Several mutants that carry mutations in genes that are involved in hormone biosynthesis or signaling were obtained and tested. Results from our study showed that auxin, ET and SA signaling pathways have possible roles of in imparting pathogen resistance against M. phaseolina.
Book Synopsis Receptor-like Kinases in Plants by : Frans Tax
Download or read book Receptor-like Kinases in Plants written by Frans Tax and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-21 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sequencing projects have revealed the presence of at least several hundred receptor kinases in a typical plant genome. Receptor kinases are therefore the largest family of primary signal transducers in plants, and their abundance suggests an immense signaling network that we have only just begun to uncover. Recent research findings indicate that individual receptor kinases fulfill important roles in growth and development, in the recognition of pathogens and symbionts or, in a few examples, in both growth and defense. This volume will focus on the roles of receptor kinases, their signaling pathways, and the ways in which these important signaling proteins are regulated.
Book Synopsis Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions by : Kamal Bouarab
Download or read book Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions written by Kamal Bouarab and published by CABI. This book was released on 2009 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, divided into 13 chapters, explores recent discoveries in the area of molecular plant-microbe interactions. It focuses mainly on the mechanisms controlling plant disease resistance and the cross talk among the signalling pathways involved, and the strategies used by fungi and viruses to suppress these defences. Two chapters deal with the role of symbionts (such as the symbiotic actinobacteria and vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) during their interactions with plants.
Book Synopsis Plant-Microbe Interactions by : B.B. Biswas
Download or read book Plant-Microbe Interactions written by B.B. Biswas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have seen tremendous progress in unraveling the molecular basis of different plant-microbe interactions. Knowledge has accumulated on the mecha nisms of the microbial infection of plants, which can lead to either disease or resistance. The mechanisms developed by plants to interact with microbes, whether viruses, bacteria, or fungi, involve events that can lead to symbiotic association or to disease or tumor formation. Cell death caused by pathogen infection has been of great interest for many years because of its association with plant resistance. There appear to be two types of plant cell death associated with pathogen infection, a rapid hypersensitive cell death localized at the site of infection during an incompatible interaction between a resistant plant and an avirulent pathogen, and a slow, normosensitive plant cell death that spreads beyond the site of infection during some compatible interactions involving a susceptible plant and a virulent, necrogenic pathogen. Plants possess a number of defense mechanisms against infection, such as (i) production of phytoalexin, (ii) formation of hydrolases, (iii) accumulation of hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein and lignin deposition, (iv) production of pathogen-related proteins, (v) produc tion of oligosaccharides, jasmonic acid, and various other phenolic substances, and (vi) production of toxin-metabolizing enzymes. Based on these observations, insertion of a single suitable gene in a particular plant has yielded promising results in imparting resistance against specific infection or disease. It appears that a signal received after microbe infection triggers different signal transduction pathways.
Book Synopsis Characterization of a Natural Arabidopsis Thaliana - Pseudomonas Viridiflava Pathosystem by : Alejandra Duque Jaramillo
Download or read book Characterization of a Natural Arabidopsis Thaliana - Pseudomonas Viridiflava Pathosystem written by Alejandra Duque Jaramillo and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disease in plants can be caused by a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria. To fight infection, plants are equipped with an immune system that recognizes pathogens and activates a defense response mediated by the hormones salicylic acid and/or jasmonic acid and ethylene. One of the most important bacterial plant pathogens are strains from the Pseudomonas genus, able to infect crops and wild plants. The Pseudomonas syringae complex comprises most of the phytopathogens of this genus, including the model strain P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (DC3000), widely used in pathogenicity studies. P. viridiflava, a globally-distributed natural pathogen of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, also belongs to the P. syringae complex but is genetically and phenotypically distinct from well-characterized DC3000. Despite P. viridiflava being the most abundant Pseudomonas species in A. thaliana populations, little is known about the mechanisms of bacterial virulence and plant resistance in this pathosystem. In this thesis, I characterized the natural A. thaliana - P. viridiflava pathosystem by combining genetics, transcriptomics and metabolomics to identify resistance mechanisms in the host. I also used a computational framework to identify virulence-related specialized metabolites in the pathogen. In the first chapter, I investigated how P. viridiflava interacts with A. thaliana, and contrasted this with the model pathogen DC3000. I uncovered that the jasmonic acid/ethylene pathway is involved in defense against P. viridiflava, likely through an increase in jasmonic acid levels. Infection elicited a similar response in resistant and susceptible hosts, but the timing was different: changes occurred faster in the resistant host. In the second chapter, I explored how potential specialized metabolites encoded by P. viridiflava might be associated with differences in their virulence. I described the large biosynthetic potential of a collection of Pseudomonas genomes from the A. thaliana phyllosphere, and found that this biosynthetic potential is dominated by non-ribosomal peptide synthetases. I then identified gene cluster families with a putative role in P. viridiflava virulence, one of them related to the siderophore pyoverdine. Overall, this thesis presents an integrative approach to the study of plant-microbe interactions, and provides the baseline for further studies on the interactions between A. thaliana and P. viridiflava. This pathosystem better represents the interaction dynamics in natural populations and has the potential to address ecologically-relevant questions about adaptation and co-evolution of host and pathogen.
Book Synopsis Annual Plant Reviews, Molecular Aspects of Plant Disease Resistance by : Jane Parker
Download or read book Annual Plant Reviews, Molecular Aspects of Plant Disease Resistance written by Jane Parker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-01-28 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annual Plant Reviews, Volume 34 Molecular Aspects of Plant Disease Resistance Edited by Jane Parker In recent years, our understanding of the mechanisms involved in plant resistance to disease has seen major advances. This important new volume in Wiley-Blackwell’s Annual Plant Reviews provides cutting edge reviews on major aspects of plant immunity from many of the world's leading researchers in the area. Coverage includes: • Establishment of disease by microbial pathogens • Genomic approaches to understanding host-pathogen interactions • Local and systemic resistance signalling • Activities of small bioactive molecules • Plant-insect ecology This exciting volume is essential reading for all those studying plant-pathogen interactions including plant and agricultural scientists, molecular biologists, geneticists and microbiologists. Libraries in all universities and research establishments where biological and agricultural sciences are studied and taught should have copies of this important volume on their shelves. About the Editor Dr Jane Parker is a Group Leader in the Department of Plant-Microbe Interactions at The Max-Planck Institute of Plant Breeding Research, Cologne and Associate Professor at The Institute of Genetics, University of Cologne, Germany. Also Available Annual Plant Reviews, Volume 33 Intracellular Signaling in Plants Edited by Zhenbiao Yang Print: 9781405160025 Annual Plant Reviews, Volume 32 Cell Cycle Control and Plant Development Edited by Dirk Inzé Print: 9781405150439 Online: 9780470988923 Annual Plant Reviews, Volume 31 Plant Mitochondria Edited by David Logan Print: 9781405149396 Online: 9780470986592 Annual Plant Reviews, Volume 30 Light and Plant Development Edited by Garry C. Whitelam and Karen J. Halliday Print: 9781405145381 Online: 9780470988893
