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Annealing Temperature Effect On Properties Of Nicocufe2o4 Thin Film
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Book Synopsis The Effect of Annealing Temperatures and Inert/reactive Gases on Optical Properties of Cu2O and CuO Thin Films by : Radu Bunea
Download or read book The Effect of Annealing Temperatures and Inert/reactive Gases on Optical Properties of Cu2O and CuO Thin Films written by Radu Bunea and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Both types of films were analyzed with respect to other optical characteristics, like absorbance, reflectance, refractive index, extinction coefficient, optical conductivity, dielectric constants, as well as material characteristics like x-ray diffraction.
Book Synopsis Progresses in Chemical Sensor by : Wen Wang
Download or read book Progresses in Chemical Sensor written by Wen Wang and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-08-24 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the history of chemical sensor dates back not long ago, it has attracted great research interest owing to its many excellent properties such as small size, satisfactory sensitivity, larger dynamic range, low cost, and easy-to-realize automatic measurement and on-line or in situ and continuous detection. With decades of vigorous research works, various sophisticated chemical sensors have been widely used in environmental conservation and monitoring, industrial process monitoring, gas composition analysis, medicine, national defense and public security, and on-site emergency disposal. Hence, the chemical sensor becomes one of the most active and effective directions of modern sensor technology. A typical chemical sensor is the analyzer that responds to a particular analyte in a selective and reversible way and transforms input chemical quantity, ranging from the concentration of a specific sample component to total composition analysis, into an analytically electrical signal. This book is an attempt to highlight recent progresses in the chemical sensors. It is composed of seven chapters and divided into four sections categorized by the working principle of the chemical sensor. This collection of up-to-date information and the latest research progress on chemical sensor will provide valuable references and learning materials for all those working in the field of chemical sensors.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Sol-Gel Science and Technology by : Lisa Klein
Download or read book Handbook of Sol-Gel Science and Technology written by Lisa Klein and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2018-05-31 with total page 3755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This completely updated and expanded second edition stands as a comprehensive knowledgebase on both the fundamentals and applications of this important materials processing method. The diverse, international team of contributing authors of this reference clarify in extensive detail properties and applications of sol-gel science and technology as it pertains to the production of substances, active and non-active, including optical, electronic, chemical, sensor, bio- and structural materials. Essential to a wide range of manufacturing industries, the compilation divides into the three complementary sections: Sol-Gel Processing, devoted to general aspects of processing and recently developed materials such as organic-inorganic hybrids, photonic crystals, ferroelectric coatings, and photocatalysts; Characterization of Sol-Gel Materials and Products, presenting contributions that highlight the notion that useful materials are only produced when characterization is tied to processing, such as determination of structure by NMR, in-situ characterization of the sol-gel reaction process, determination of microstructure of oxide gels, characterization of porous structure of gels by the surface measurements, and characterization of organic-inorganic hybrid; and Applications of Sol-Gel Technology, covering applications such as the sol-gel method used in processing of bulk silica glasses, bulk porous gels prepared by sol-gel method, application of sol-gel method to fabrication of glass and ceramic fibers, reflective and antireflective coating films, application of sol-gel method to formation of photocatalytic coating films, and application of sol-gel method to bioactive coating films. The comprehensive scope and integrated treatment of topics make this reference volume ideal for R&D scientists and engineers across a wide range of disciplines and professional interests.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Annealing Temperature on Properties of Aluminium-doped Tin Oxide (Al/SnO2) Thin Films Deposited by Spray Pyrolysis Deposition (SPD) by :
Download or read book The Effect of Annealing Temperature on Properties of Aluminium-doped Tin Oxide (Al/SnO2) Thin Films Deposited by Spray Pyrolysis Deposition (SPD) written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis 7th International Conference on Ferrites by : Vladimir Cagan
Download or read book 7th International Conference on Ferrites written by Vladimir Cagan and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Annealing Effects on Cu(In, Ga)Se [sub 2] and CuInSe[sub 2] Thin Films by : Jason Gregory McDonald
Download or read book Annealing Effects on Cu(In, Ga)Se [sub 2] and CuInSe[sub 2] Thin Films written by Jason Gregory McDonald and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of my research is to study the effects of annealing on Cu(In, Ga)Se[sub2] (CIGS) and CuInSe[sub 2](CIS) thin films. Annealing polycrystalline films improves the films by minimizing secondary phases in the film and by increasing the crystal grain size. Annealing consists of heating the film to high temperatures, which varies between several hundred degrees to more than 500 degrees Celsius. The length of annealing time also affects the thin film. Films are annealed in a time frame from several minutes to several hours. Questions to be addressed are what preferred temperature to use for annealing and for what length of time. Furthermore, for repeated annealing of a film, would better results be found from annealing at increasing temperature with time held constant, or with increasing time while holding the temperature constant.
Book Synopsis Progress in Solid State Chemistry Research by : Ronald W. Buckley
Download or read book Progress in Solid State Chemistry Research written by Ronald W. Buckley and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book on solid state chemistry presents studies of chemical, structural, thermodynamic, electronic, magnetic, and optical properties and processes in solids. Research areas include: bonding in solids, crystal chemistry, crystal growth mechanisms, diffusion epitaxy, high-pressure processes, magnetic properties of materials, optical characterisation of materials, order-disorder, phase equilibria and transformation mechanisms, reactions at surfaces, statistical mechanics of defect interactions, structural studies and transport phenomena.
Book Synopsis Effect of Annealing Temperature on Optical Properties of Tin Oxide (SnO2) Films by : Saturi Baco
Download or read book Effect of Annealing Temperature on Optical Properties of Tin Oxide (SnO2) Films written by Saturi Baco and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ninth International Conference on Ferrites (ICF-9) by : R. F. Soohoo
Download or read book Ninth International Conference on Ferrites (ICF-9) written by R. F. Soohoo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-01-03 with total page 992 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings includes 147 papers covering the latest scientific and technological developments in ferrites and related materials in three broad subject categories: Basic Science, Processing and Applications, and Special Topics and New Horizons. There are two main categories for ferrites: hard ferrites (permanent magnets) and soft ferrites. Topics covered are energy conversion, magnetite biomineralization, microwave ferrites, magneto-optical properties and applications of ferrite films, bonded magnets, physics of electronic superstructures in magnetite, physics of perovskites, nanostructural ferrites, and multilayer chip inductors.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Temperature on the Texture Transformation in Silver Thin Films by : Rekha Victoria King
Download or read book The Effect of Temperature on the Texture Transformation in Silver Thin Films written by Rekha Victoria King and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is well-established that certain FCC thin films undergo a thickness dependent (111)to-(100) texture transformation. This phenomenon has been attributed to a competition between strain and surface energies, but this model fails to acknowledge the presence of stable mixed texture films, and is found to be insensitive to annealing temperature. Grain boundary grooving is considered as a mechanism for these stable mixed textures. We investigated the role of annealing temperature in the (111)-to-(100) texture transformation over a range of film thicknesses. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the transformation rate and the surface evolution over time. The extent of texture transformation and grain boundary grooving both exhibited a temperature dependence; high temperatures induced less transformation and more grooving than lower temperatures. Slow thermal cycling yielded the maximum extent of transformation, suggesting low annealing temperatures and heating rates as necessary conditions to produce groove-free, large-grained stable microstructures.
Book Synopsis Modern Ferrites in Engineering by : Sabrina Arcaro
Download or read book Modern Ferrites in Engineering written by Sabrina Arcaro and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-28 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the state-of-the-art knowledge on ferrites as well as the cutting-edge applications of these versatile materials. The main families of ferrites and their modern synthesis and processing methods are covered in this review book. Furthermore, the different morphologies of these materials and their current and incipient applications are also discussed.
Book Synopsis High Temperature Annealing Studies on the Piezoelectric Properties of Thin Aluminum Nitride Films by :
Download or read book High Temperature Annealing Studies on the Piezoelectric Properties of Thin Aluminum Nitride Films written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Rapid Thermal Annealing (RTA) system was used to anneal sputtered and MOVPE grown Aluminum Nitride (AlN) thin films at temperatures up to 1000°C in ambient and controlled environments. According to Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDAX), the films annealed in an ambient environment rapidly oxidize after five minutes at 1000°C. Below 1000°C the films oxidized linearly as a function of annealing temperature which is consistent with what has been reported in literature [1]. Laser Doppler Vibrometry (LDV) was used to measure the piezoelectric coefficient, d33, of these films. Films annealed in an ambient environment had a weak piezoelectric response indicating that oxidation on the surface of the film reduces the value of d33. A high temperature furnace has been built that is capable of taking in-situ measurements of the piezoelectric response of AlN films. In-situ d33 measurements are recorded up to 300°C for both sputtered and MOVPE-grown AlN thin films. The measured piezoelectric response appears to increase with temperature up to 300°C possibly due to stress in the film.
Book Synopsis Effect of Annealing Conditions on the Structural and Superconducting Properties of Y-Ba-Cu-O Films by :
Download or read book Effect of Annealing Conditions on the Structural and Superconducting Properties of Y-Ba-Cu-O Films written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of various annealing treatments on ion beam sputter- deposited Y1Ba2CuyO(7-x)(y=3 and 5) amorphous thin films has been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction and dc resistivity measurements. SEM analysis showed that the morphology of the films were clearly divided into three categories: an equiaxial grain structure, a well-oriented grid-like microstructure and a textured platelet structure. The equiaxial grain structure (random orientation according to X-ray diffraction measurements) was obtained when the film was annealed at slow heating and cooling rates in an oxygen atomosphere. The grid-like microstructure (b/c-axes oriented normal to the plane) was obtained in Cu-rich composition (y=5) by rapid thermal annealing. A textured platelet microstructure (c-axis oriented normal to the plane) was obtained using slow heating rates and by carefully controlling the gas environment at the temperature region near the orthorhombic-tetragonal transition. Thus, we have demonstrated the ability to control the morphology and orientation of the film by varying the annealing process.
Book Synopsis Annealing Effects on SiOxNy Thin Films by : Martina Perani
Download or read book Annealing Effects on SiOxNy Thin Films written by Martina Perani and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Japanese Journal of Applied Physics by :
Download or read book Japanese Journal of Applied Physics written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 1198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Handbook of Magnetic Hybrid Nanoalloys and their Nanocomposites by : Sabu Thomas
Download or read book Handbook of Magnetic Hybrid Nanoalloys and their Nanocomposites written by Sabu Thomas and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-10-27 with total page 1278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference work satisfies the need for in-depth and multidisciplinary coverage of the current state of the art of magnetic hybrid nanoalloys (MHNAs) and their polymer and ceramic nanocomposites. MHNAs represent one of the most challenging research areas in modern science and technology. These materials are stiff and strong with remarkable electronic, mechanical, electrical, thermal and biocompatible properties, and a high potential for multifunctional applications ranging from industry to medicine. The peer-reviewed literature is already extensive, witnessing rapid progress in experimental and theoretical studies on fundamental properties as well as various advanced applications. Part 1 covers theory, modelling, and synthesis (growth and alloying mechanisms) of MHNAs. Formation mechanisms of magneto-electric multiferroic materials, magnetic carbon nanotube (CNTs), and perovskite materials, which are a novel class of next-generation multifunctional nanomaterials, are discussed. The second part focuses on characterization techniques for electrical and dielectrical, rheological, biocompatibility, and other properties, as well as applications in the industrial, agricultural, environmental, and biomedical sectors. Finally, life cycle assessment is considered as essential to the development of nanomaterials and nanoproducts from MHNAs. Advanced undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and other professionals in the fields of materials science and engineering, polymer science, surface science, bioengineering, and chemical engineering will find comprehensive and authoritative information for solving fundamental and applied problems in the characterization and use of these multifunctional nanomaterials.
Download or read book Ferroelectrics written by Mickaël Lallart and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-08-24 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ferroelectric materials have been and still are widely used in many applications, that have moved from sonar towards breakthrough technologies such as memories or optical devices. This book is a part of a four volume collection (covering material aspects, physical effects, characterization and modeling, and applications) and focuses on ways to obtain high-quality materials exhibiting large ferroelectric activity. The book covers the aspect of material synthesis and growth, doping and composites, lead-free devices, and thin film synthesis. The aim of this book is to provide an up-to-date review of recent scientific findings and recent advances in the field of ferroelectric materials, allowing a deep understanding of the material aspects of ferroelectricity.
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