The Interesting History of Income Tax

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Publisher : Amerisearch, Inc.
ISBN 13 : 9780975345504
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (455 download)

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Book Synopsis The Interesting History of Income Tax by : William J. Federer

Download or read book The Interesting History of Income Tax written by William J. Federer and published by Amerisearch, Inc.. This book was released on 2004 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Interesting History of Income Tax William J. Federer "The only things certain are death and taxes" - Benjamin Franklin Yet few know America's interesting history of Income Tax, such as: *1787 - U.S. Constitution prohibited a "direct" Federal tax *1862 - "Revenue Tax" on incomes went into effect to finance the Union during the Civil War *1895 - Supreme Court made Income Tax unconstitutional *Woodrow Wilson thought tariffs on imports caused wars, so he worked to replace them with an Income Tax. *1913 - Income Tax was only a 1% tax on the top 1% richest people in America. *1943 - Paycheck Withholding began as an emergency effort to get funds to finance WWII. John F. Kennedy - "Lower rates of taxation will stimulate economic activity and so raise the levels of personal and corporate income as to yield within a few years an increased flow of revenues to the Federal Government." (Annual Budget Message, Jan. 17, 1963) Thomas Jefferson - "It is an encouragement to proceed as we have begun in substituting economy for taxation" (2nd Annual Message, 1802) (176 pages, includes pictures)

A Critical Revision of the Genus Aristida

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 780 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis A Critical Revision of the Genus Aristida by : Jan Theodoor Henrard

Download or read book A Critical Revision of the Genus Aristida written by Jan Theodoor Henrard and published by . This book was released on 1926 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Advances in Robotics

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Publisher : Createspace Independent Pub
ISBN 13 : 9781461108443
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Robotics by : Calin Ciufudean

Download or read book Advances in Robotics written by Calin Ciufudean and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2013-03-15 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Robotics - Modeling, Control and Applications is suitable for advanced undergraduate students and postgraduate students. It takes a practical approach rather than a conceptual approach. It offers a truly reader-friendly way to get to the subject, providing a definitive guide in this vibrant and evolving discipline. This book is an invaluable companion for students from their first encounter with the subject to more advanced studies, while the high quality artworks are designed to present the key concepts with simplicity, clarity and consistency. There are totally 18 chapters in this book. Chapter 1 proposes a simple control system for a biped robot using nonlinear oscillators based on the physiological concept of central pattern generator and physiological evidence of phase resetting. Chapter 2 presents work that attempts to extract principles by which spiders and other species achieve these features. Chapter 3 proposes methods for a robot manipulator with a racket to do two kinds of ball juggling, the paddle juggling and the wall juggling, based on discrete control systems of states of the hit ball. Chapter 4 proposed a new control algorithm in a robot arm based on active tactile slippage sensation. Chapter 5 provides a look at some possibilities of modern voice analysis technologies in the field of ambient assisted living, which seems to be a promising application for robotic systems. Chapter 6 focuses on adaptive filtering techniques for acoustics application. Adaptive acoustic in an important topic for signal processing in robots since robot sound inputs are usually recollected through acoustic sensors. Chapter 7 aims at examining the method and equipment of preliminary-announcement of the upcoming operation of a mobile robot moving on a two-dimensional plane to those who are in the surroundings. Chapter 8 introduces two kinds of instruction learning systems for partner robots: (1) a hand image instruction learning system; and (2) three kinds of voice learning systems, using Kohonen's self-organizing map (SOM) and its variations such as Transient-SOM (T-SOM), Parameter-less SOM (PL-T-SOM) and Parameter-less Growing SOM (PL-G-SOM). Chapter 9 presents the study on throw-over movement informing a receiver of the object landing distance as an example of the informative motion for human synergetic robots. In Chapter 10, the author examines the application of a touch screen to an operational interface of a mobile robot remote operation system. Chapter 11 describes low processing approach for identification of obstacles in a robotic soccer team. Chapter 12 couples a general purpose stat/space representation with a reactive algorithm for mobile robot navigation In Chapter 13, the author designs an general-purposed affective behavior decision system based on linear dynamics to solve the limitation that affective model is difficult to be applied to various social robots without redesigning. Chapter 14 proposes a control mechanism based on multiple-criteria decision making for autonomous control of ambient environment. Chapter 15 proposes an information gathering support system in post-disaster environment by utilizing a robot sensor network in which a teleoperated mobile robot deploys wireless sensor nodes (SNs). Chapter 16 proposes fault accommodation procedure in discrete-event robots. Chapter 17 deals with application of robotic technology for performing risky tasks, mainly for de-mining operations. Finally, Chapter 18 briefly describes an application of robot in medial health.

Report of the Expert Meeting on Ciguatera Poisoning

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Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251325189
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Report of the Expert Meeting on Ciguatera Poisoning by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book Report of the Expert Meeting on Ciguatera Poisoning written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2020-06-01 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phytoplankton blooms, micro-algal blooms, toxic algae, red tides, or harmful algae, are all terms for naturally occurring phenomena that have occurred throughout recorded history. About 300 hundred species of micro algae are reported at times to form mass occurrence, so called blooms. Nearly one fourth of these species are known to produce toxins. Even non-toxic algal blooms can have devastating impacts when they lead to kills of fish and invertebrates by generating anoxic conditions. Some algal species, although non-toxic to humans, can produce exudates that can cause damage to the delicate gill tissues of fish (raphidophytes Chattonella, Heterosigma, and dinoflagellates Karenia, Karlodinium) . Aquatic animals can suffer devastating mortalities, which could lead economical and food losses, and eventually became a food security problem. Of greatest concern to humans are algal species that produce potent neurotoxins that can find their way through shellfish and fish to human consumers where they evoke a variety of gastrointestinal and neurological illnesses (paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP), amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP), diarrhoeic shellfish poisoning (DSP), neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP), azaspiracid shellfish poisoning (AZP) and ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP)). Worldwide, ciguatoxins are estimated to cause around 50 000 cases of ciguatera fish poisoning annually; neurological effects may last for weeks or even years and one percent of these cases are fatal . Climate change and costal water over enrichment create an enabling environment for harmful algal blooms, which seem to have become more frequent, more intense and more widespread in the past decades.

The Acharnians

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Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1625580681
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (255 download)

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Book Synopsis The Acharnians by : Aristophanes

Download or read book The Acharnians written by Aristophanes and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2012-11-01 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Writing at the time of political and social crisis in Athens, Aristophanes was an eloquent yet bawdy challenger to the demagogue and the sophist. The Achanians is a plea for peace set against the background of the long war with Sparta.

Alderdene

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Alderdene by : Norris Paul

Download or read book Alderdene written by Norris Paul and published by . This book was released on 1890 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Seine River Basin

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030542602
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis The Seine River Basin by : Nicolas Flipo

Download or read book The Seine River Basin written by Nicolas Flipo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-30 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book reviews the water-agro-food and socio-eco-system of the Seine River basin (76,000 km2), and offers a historical perspective on the river’s long-term contamination. The Seine basin is inhabited by circa 17 million people and is impacted by intensive agricultural practices and industrial activities. These pressures have gradually affected its hydrological, chemical and ecological functioning, leading to a maximum chemical degradation between the 1960s and the 1990s. Over the last three decades, while major water-quality improvements have been observed, new issues (e.g. endocrine disruptors, microplastics) have also emerged. The state of the Seine River network, from the headwaters to estuary, is increasingly controlled by the balance between pressures and social responses. This socio-ecosystem provides a unique example of the functioning of a territory under heavy anthropogenic pressure during the Anthropocene era. The achievements made were possible due to the long-term PIREN Seine research program, established in 1989 and today part of the French socio-ecological research network “Zones Ateliers”, itself part of the international Long-term Socio-economic and Ecological Research Network (LTSER). Written by experts in the field, the book provides an introduction to the water budget and the territorial metabolism of the Seine basin, and studies the trajectories and impact of various pollutants in the Seine River. It offers insights into the ecological functioning, the integration of agricultural practices, the analysis of aquatic organic matter, and the evolution of fish assemblages in the Seine basin, and also presents research perspectives and approaches to improve the water quality of the Seine River. Given its scope, it will appeal to environmental managers, scientists and policymakers interested in the long-term contamination of the Seine River.

Food Fray

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Publisher : AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn
ISBN 13 : 0814401783
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (144 download)

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Book Synopsis Food Fray by : Lisa H. WEASEL Ph.D.

Download or read book Food Fray written by Lisa H. WEASEL Ph.D. and published by AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. This book was released on 2008-12-10 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than ten years ago, the first genetically modified foods took their place on the shelves of American supermarkets. But while American consumers remained blissfully unconcerned with the new products that suddenly filled their kitchens, Europeans were much more wary of these “Frankenfoods.” When famine struck Africa in 2002, several nations refused shipments of genetically modified foods, fueling a controversy that put the issue on the world's political agenda for good. In Food Fray, esteemed molecular biologist Dr. Lisa H. Weasel brings readers into the center of this debate, capturing the real-life experiences of the scientists, farmers, policymakers and grassroots activists on the front lines. Here she combines solid scientific knowledge and a gripping narrative to tell the real story behind the headlines and the hype. Seminal and cutting-edge, Food Fray enlightens and informs and will allow readers to make up their own minds about one of the most important issues facing us today.

Agricultural Sustainability

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0124046088
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis Agricultural Sustainability by : Gurbir Bhullar

Download or read book Agricultural Sustainability written by Gurbir Bhullar and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-31 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collaboratively written by top international experts and established scientists in various fields of agricultural research, this book focuses on the state of food production and sustainability; the problems with degradation of valuable sources of land, water, and air and their effects on food crops; the increasing demand of food resources; and the challenges of food security worldwide. The book provides cutting edge scientific tools and methods of research as well as solid background information that is accessible for those who have a strong interest in agricultural research and development and want to learn more on the challenges facing the global agricultural production systems. - Provides cutting edge scientific tools and available technologies for research - Addresses the effects of climate change and the population explosion on food supply and offers solutions to combat them - Written by a range of experts covering a broad range of agriculture-related disciplines

Modeling Uncertainty in the Earth Sciences

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119998719
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling Uncertainty in the Earth Sciences by : Jef Caers

Download or read book Modeling Uncertainty in the Earth Sciences written by Jef Caers and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-05-25 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling Uncertainty in the Earth Sciences highlights the various issues, techniques and practical modeling tools available for modeling the uncertainty of complex Earth systems and the impact that it has on practical situations. The aim of the book is to provide an introductory overview which covers a broad range of tried-and-tested tools. Descriptions of concepts, philosophies, challenges, methodologies and workflows give the reader an understanding of the best way to make decisions under uncertainty for Earth Science problems. The book covers key issues such as: Spatial and time aspect; large complexity and dimensionality; computation power; costs of 'engineering' the Earth; uncertainty in the modeling and decision process. Focusing on reliable and practical methods this book provides an invaluable primer for the complex area of decision making with uncertainty in the Earth Sciences.

Clean Energy Nation

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Publisher : AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn
ISBN 13 : 0814413722
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (144 download)

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Book Synopsis Clean Energy Nation by : Gerald McNerney

Download or read book Clean Energy Nation written by Gerald McNerney and published by AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. This book was released on 2012 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Americans are already feeling the pressures of the current energy situation, and many of us are ready to make a change. Clean Energy Nation is a timely and hopeful look at an issue we can't afford to ignore. --Book Jacket.

Food Aid and Food Security

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Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9789251023310
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (233 download)

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Book Synopsis Food Aid and Food Security by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Commodities and Trade Division

Download or read book Food Aid and Food Security written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Commodities and Trade Division and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1985 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Grammar and Proofreading Course

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Publisher : AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn
ISBN 13 : 0761214135
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis Grammar and Proofreading Course by : Pam Helling

Download or read book Grammar and Proofreading Course written by Pam Helling and published by AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. This book was released on 1992-08-21 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Positive, practical techniques for achieving a more professional writing style. Here are the "how to" keys of writing-from putting the first words on paper to the final polishing and proofreading. Readers will learn how to edit their writing for improved clarity, cut excess words, use transitional phrases, recognize and correct run-on sentences and overcome procrastination and impulsive writing. Readers will learn how to: Identify the key components of any well-written business document Cut excess words and phrases from your writing Use transitional words and phrases Avoid misplaced and dangling modifiers and split infinitives Use commas, semicolons, colons, dashes, and parentheses Use slash marks, ellipsis marks, quotation marks, italics, and brackets Recognize and correct run-on sentences Proofread your writing for clarity of meaning Overcome the two common writing problems that waste time and money-procrastination and impulsive writing. This is an ebook version of the AMA Self-Study course. If you want to take the course for credit you need to either purchase a hard copy of the course through amaselfstudy.org or purchase an online version of the course through www.flexstudy.com.

Green Tech

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Publisher : AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn
ISBN 13 : 0814414478
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (144 download)

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Book Synopsis Green Tech by : Lawrence WEBBER

Download or read book Green Tech written by Lawrence WEBBER and published by AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. This book was released on 2009-07-28 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With today’s electronic systems consuming massive amounts of energy, and improper disposal of old equipment threatening to release dangerous toxicity into the atmosphere, any company whose IT department isn’t actively working to shrink its carbon footprint isn’t just hurting the environment...it is also probably wasting money. Green Tech provides readers with practical, easily implemented strategies for sustainable computing, showing them how to: • build a business case to influence their organization's green strategy • reduce costs and improve equipment utilization while maintaining current customer service levels • identify old equipment at all levels, as well as suitable green replacements • virtualize servers • find alternative methods for data center cooling • conduct an energy audit and establish an energy baseline • determine the best options for recycling or donating old equipment Filled with realistic, cost-efficient ideas, this book shows that going green isn’t just the right thing to do, but also a good business strategy.

Theory Building in Applied Disciplines

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Publisher : Berrett-Koehler Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1609947339
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Theory Building in Applied Disciplines by : Richard A. Swanson

Download or read book Theory Building in Applied Disciplines written by Richard A. Swanson and published by Berrett-Koehler Publishers. This book was released on 2013-08-05 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theory matters in applied disciplines—fields that apply scholarly research to professional practice, such as management, social work, health care, human resource development, education, and many others. Because these disciplines deal with human beings in the real world, a flawed theory can result in actual harm to people and institutions. When faced with a professional problem, practitioners resort to the latest fad or simply throw everything and anything at it because of the lack of sound theory. Scholars deal with problems by slicing them into small segments to study them but fail to address the practical implications. What's needed is a way to unite research and practice to create robust theory. This is exactly what Richard Swanson and Thomas Chermack offer here: a complete, five-step method for developing sound, field-tested theory in applied disciplines. Unlike many existing methods, which cover only the initial conceptualization of a theory, the authors offer a complete approach, from conceptualizing a theory to creating relevant assessment criteria, establishing a research agenda to test the theory's validity, applying the theoretical concepts in the real world, and using that experience to further refine and improve the theory. The method is not restricted to any single discipline, nor is it beholden to any research ideology. Swanson and Chermack provide a set of tools for each phase of the process, making this book accessible and applicable to a wide audience. And in addition to examples in each chapter, they offer two extended case examples of complete theory building. With flawed theories impeding the development of many applied disciplines, this book is desperately needed.

Overfished Ocean Strategy

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Publisher : Berrett-Koehler Publishers
ISBN 13 : 160994965X
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Overfished Ocean Strategy by : Nadya Zhexembayeva

Download or read book Overfished Ocean Strategy written by Nadya Zhexembayeva and published by Berrett-Koehler Publishers. This book was released on 2014-06-02 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Business is waking up to a global shortage of resources of every kind. Raw materials are running out, whether in Tokyo or Quito. While businesses have toyed with the idea of sustainability as a means to market to eco-minded consumers, this book shows that scarcity must become central to their thinking and the key driver of strategic innovation"--

Management and Mitigation of Acid Mine Drainage in South Africa

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Author :
Publisher : Africa Institute of South Africa
ISBN 13 : 0798304987
Total Pages : 359 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (983 download)

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Book Synopsis Management and Mitigation of Acid Mine Drainage in South Africa by : Mujuru, Munyaradzi

Download or read book Management and Mitigation of Acid Mine Drainage in South Africa written by Mujuru, Munyaradzi and published by Africa Institute of South Africa. This book was released on 2017-02-03 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South Africa is facing the increasing challenge of acid mine drainage (AMD) whose genesis is the country’s mining history, which paid limited attention to post-mining mine site management. In mineral resource-rich Africa, this has emerged as one of the most daunting challenges of our time. South Africa has been bold in its approach to mitigating this problem, although the challenge is multi-faceted. On a positive note, substantial research has been conducted to confront the challenge. However, thus far, the research has been largely fragmented. This book builds on the work that has been done, but also provides a refreshing multi-disciplinary approach that is useful in addressing the AMD challenges that South Africa and the continent face. Whilst addressing the problem as a scientific and engineering challenge, the book also exposes the economic, policy and legal challenges involved in addressing the problem. The book concludes, quite uniquely, that AMD is an opportunity that can be used by South Africa and Africa to solve problems, such as acute water shortage, as well as mineral recovery operations.