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Affirmative Action As Earnings Redistribution
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Book Synopsis Affirmative Action as Earnings Redistribution by : Jonathan S. Leonard
Download or read book Affirmative Action as Earnings Redistribution written by Jonathan S. Leonard and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Affirmative action may be broadly conceived of as pursuing either the goal of reducing discrimination or that of redistributing jobs and earnings. I attempt to infer the ends of affirmative action policy by analyzing the historical record of enforcement. Optimal enforcement strategies are developed for both the anti-discrimination and the earnings redistribution models, and then compared with new data on the actual targeting of affirmative action compliance reviews during the late 1970s. I find that establishments with very low proportions of minority or female workers are not significantly more likely to be reviewed, but that white-collar intensive establishments are more likely to be reviewed. This indicates the shortcomings of the anti-discrimination model inexplaining the OFCCP's behavior, and suggests the potential usefulness of the earnings redistribution model.
Author :Mary Virginia Lee Badgett Publisher :University Press of America ISBN 13 :9780819199317 Total Pages :116 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (993 download)
Book Synopsis Economic Perspectives on Affirmative Action by : Mary Virginia Lee Badgett
Download or read book Economic Perspectives on Affirmative Action written by Mary Virginia Lee Badgett and published by University Press of America. This book was released on 1995 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three scholarly articles that make up this book examine affirmative action in economic terms, measuring and discussing the economic cost of racial discrimination in employment and the economic cost of equal opportunity enacted to combat discrimination and its effects. The short article by Andrew Brimmer, an economist who was the first black governor of the Federal Reserve Board, calculates the financial cost to the nation of racial discrimination in employment, education, and training. Cecilia Conrad's article surveys an array of experts and concludes that the direct financial costs to government and private industry of maintaining affirmative action policies is quite small; she also concludes that the popular perception of a productivity loss caused by affirmative action has little basis in demonstrable fact. Finally, Lee Badgett and Heidi Hartmann examine the many studies that have been done to assess the effectiveness of affirmative action policies in increasing employment and wage opportunities for both women and African Americans; they conclude that such policies have had measurable effects, though they have often been slight.
Book Synopsis Affirmative Action And Equal Opportunity by : Nijole V. Benokraitis
Download or read book Affirmative Action And Equal Opportunity written by Nijole V. Benokraitis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-04-10 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The affirmative action program has engendered a hostile reaction in many quarters. Originating in presidential executive orders and civil rights legislation, the program is intended to combat institutional race and sex discrimination by encouraging public and private organizations to go beyond the mere cessation of formal discriminatory practices—to enact their own programs to end unfair practices. In contrast to the passive nondiscrimination of equal opportunity, affirmative action means that employers must act positively, affirmatively, and aggressively to remove all barriers, however informal or subtle, that prevent minorities and women from having equal access to all levels of the nation's educational, industrial, and government institutions. Is affirmative action, in fact, geared to equal opportunity? Or has it resulted in greater inequality for white males? The authors of this book empirically examine employment in government, industry, and higher education and enrollment in colleges and universities to determine the current status of women and minorities as employees and students. They also describe the machinery of affirmative action, its budget and staff problems, the compliance and enforcement processes, and the results of the program. Their final chapter includes a theoretical explanation for the very apparent resistance to affirmative action and expresses their pessimism about the program's ability to accomplish its goals, especially in light of recent efforts to weaken its already limited power. They close with a discussion of the future of affirmative action and the likelihood of achieving equal opportunity in employment.
Book Synopsis The Effectiveness of Equal Employment Law and Affirmative Action Regulation by : Jonathan Shawn Leonard
Download or read book The Effectiveness of Equal Employment Law and Affirmative Action Regulation written by Jonathan Shawn Leonard and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews some recent empirical analyses of the impact of affirmative action and anti-discrimination law on employment and productivity.The major findings are that:1)Affirmative action has some success in improving employment opportunities for minorities and females, particularly for blacks. Results for white females are mixed. 2)Increases in black employment under affirmative action have taken place in both high-skilled and low-skilled occupations. 3)Compliance reviews have not been targeted against establishments with the lowest relative proportions of minority or female employment. Targetting seems more compatible with an earnings redistribution rather than an anti-discrimination program. 4)While many of the detailed enforcement steps and sanctions of the contract compliance process seem to have little effect individually, the compliance review process as a whole has been effective. 5)The system of goals and timetables have not been adhered to as rigidly as one might expect of quotas. The goals firms agree to are greatly inflated relative to their subsequent achievements, but they are not hollow promises. 6)Litigation under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 has played a significant role in increasing black employment. In addition, as minority and female employment shares have increased, their relative productivity, while poorly measured, has not significantly declined
Book Synopsis Splitting Blacks? by : Jonathan Shawn Leonard
Download or read book Splitting Blacks? written by Jonathan Shawn Leonard and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Critics have said that affirmative action is at best ineffective and at worst counterproductive. In particular, it has been argued that if affirmative action helps anybody, it helps only the highly educated cream of the minority population, and may perversely work to the detriment of the unskilled and uneducated. This study finds that minority males earn higher wages in sectors where affirmative action is prevalent, indicating that it has increased the demand for minority males. I also find evidence of this effect for both the lowly and highly educated, suggesting that affirmative action under the Executive Order has not contributed to the economic bifurcation of the minority community.
Book Synopsis Employment Equity and Affirmative Action by : Harish C. Jain
Download or read book Employment Equity and Affirmative Action written by Harish C. Jain and published by M.E. Sharpe. This book was released on 2003 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compares the employment equity/affirmative action practices of six countries -- the United States, Canada, Great Britain/Northern Ireland, India, Malaysia, and South Africa.
Book Synopsis The Realities of Affirmative Action in Employment by : Barbara F. Reskin
Download or read book The Realities of Affirmative Action in Employment written by Barbara F. Reskin and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores discriminatory employment practices and job segregation and examines the effectiveness of affirmative action in combatting job discrimination. Identifies the most effective affirmative action practices and investigates their effects on women and minority groups and on other stakeholders. Discusses policy implications.
Book Synopsis Sex, Race, and Merit by : Faye J. Crosby
Download or read book Sex, Race, and Merit written by Faye J. Crosby and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traces the history of this divisive national issue, as reflected in the writings of key opinion makers and in public documents
Book Synopsis California Affirmative Action Sourcebook by : Justin Rood
Download or read book California Affirmative Action Sourcebook written by Justin Rood and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Labor Market Implications of an Economy-wide Affirmative Action Program by : George Edwards Johnson
Download or read book The Labor Market Implications of an Economy-wide Affirmative Action Program written by George Edwards Johnson and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the potential impact on the distribution of labor income of a policy that requires that, in each firm in the economy, minority workers (1) receive the same wage as majority workers given the same job classifications and (2) are employed in the same proportion as majority workers in all job classifications. This Affirmative Action Program (AAP) obviously exceeds the scope of current policies in this regard, for O.F.C.C. activities only apply to firms that do business with the federal government. This analysis is thus directed to the question of the maximum potential impact of affirmative action policies.
Book Synopsis Race Differences in Earnings by : James P. Smith
Download or read book Race Differences in Earnings written by James P. Smith and published by RAND Corporation. This book was released on 1978 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Civil and Constitutional Rights Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :446 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (121 download)
Book Synopsis Affirmative Action by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Civil and Constitutional Rights
Download or read book Affirmative Action written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Civil and Constitutional Rights and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Affirmative Action by : Gregory D. Squires
Download or read book Affirmative Action written by Gregory D. Squires and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Splitting Blacks? by : Jonathan S. Leonard
Download or read book Splitting Blacks? written by Jonathan S. Leonard and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Critics have said that affirmative action is at best ineffective and at worst counterproductive. In particular, it has been argued that if affirmative action helps anybody, it helps only the highly educated cream of the minority population, and may perversely work to the detriment of the unskilled and uneducated. This study finds that minority males earn higher wages in sectors where affirmative action is prevalent, indicating that it has increased the demand for minority males. I also find evidence of this effect for both the lowly and highly educated, suggesting that affirmative action under the Executive Order has not contributed to the economic bifurcation of the minority community.
Download or read book Affirmative Action written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Report of the Study Group on Affirmative Action to the Committee on Education and Labor, U.S. House of Representatives, 100th Congress, First Session by : Study Group on Affirmative Action
Download or read book A Report of the Study Group on Affirmative Action to the Committee on Education and Labor, U.S. House of Representatives, 100th Congress, First Session written by Study Group on Affirmative Action and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Redistribution and Affirmative Action by : Pierre (Ed) Hugo
Download or read book Redistribution and Affirmative Action written by Pierre (Ed) Hugo and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
