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Women And Political Inequality In Japan
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Book Synopsis Women and Political Inequality in Japan by : Mikiko Eto
Download or read book Women and Political Inequality in Japan written by Mikiko Eto and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-17 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why are there so few Japanese women involved in the political system? In 2019, Japanese women made up 10% of the national Lower House, 21% of the Upper House, and 14% of local assemblies. According to the Inter-Parliamentary Union, this places Japan 164th out of 193 countries when it comes to women’s representation in the legislature. The percentage of women in the Lower House has only increased by fewer than two percentage points since women gained full suffrage and the right to stand for election in Japan in 1946. Eto analyses the various factors that have led to women’s low presence in the Japanese legislature. She evaluates ways in which it might be possible for Japan to catch up and, in doing so, examines how Japanese society continues to perpetuate gender-rigid expectations of people. This text is a valuable study for scholars of Japanese politics and society, and for readers with an interest in the broader issue of the representation of women in politics.
Book Synopsis Beyond the Gender Gap in Japan by : Gill Steel
Download or read book Beyond the Gender Gap in Japan written by Gill Steel and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2019-01-23 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do Japanese women enjoy a high sense of well-being in a context of high inequality? Beyond the Gender Gap in Japan brings together researchers from across the social sciences to investigate this question. The authors analyze women’s values and the lived experiences at home, in the family, at work, in their leisure time, as volunteers, and in politics and policy-making. Their research shows that the state and firms have blurred “the public” and “the private” in postwar Japan, constraining individuals’ lives, and reveals the uneven pace of change in women’s representation in politics. Yet, despite these constraints, the increasing diversification in how people live and how they manage their lives demonstrates that some people are crafting a variety of individual solutions to structural problems. Covering a significant breadth of material, the book presents comprehensive findings that use a variety of research methods—public opinion surveys, in-depth interviews, a life history, and participant observation—and, in doing so, look beyond Japan’s perennially low rankings in gender equality indices to demonstrate the diversity underneath, questioning some of the stereotypical assumptions about women in Japan.
Book Synopsis Gender and Human Rights Politics in Japan by : Jennifer Chan-Tiberghien
Download or read book Gender and Human Rights Politics in Japan written by Jennifer Chan-Tiberghien and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the impact of global human rights norms on the development of women's, children's, and minority rights in Japan since the early 1990s.
Book Synopsis Women and Politics in Contemporary Japan by : Emma Dalton
Download or read book Women and Politics in Contemporary Japan written by Emma Dalton and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-02-11 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at the gendering of the political system in Japan and the effects of that system on gender equality in national-level politics specifically and wider society more generally. It examines the approach taken by the long-ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) to issues of gender equality in Japan, and the repercussions of that approach on women’s political experiences and representation. This book covers a range of themes including the role of the LDP and other major political parties in constructing the modern Japanese political system, the under-representation of women in Japanese politics, women’s experiences in party politics and the gendering of government policies. Using in-depth interviews with women members of the national Diet, the book sheds light on how political women negotiate the male-dominated world of Japanese politics.
Book Synopsis A Path Toward Gender Equality by : Yoshie Kobayashi
Download or read book A Path Toward Gender Equality written by Yoshie Kobayashi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-04-23 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first study of state feminism in a non-western nation state, this volume focuses on the activities and roles of the Women's Bureau of the Ministry of Labor in post-World War II Japan. While state feminism theory possesses a strong capability to examine state-society relationships in terms of feminist policymaking, it tends to neglect a state's activity in improving women's status and rights in non-western nations where the feminist movements are apathetic or antagonistic to the state and where the state also creates a vertical relationship with feminist groups.
Book Synopsis Too Few Women at the Top by : Kumiko Nemoto
Download or read book Too Few Women at the Top written by Kumiko Nemoto and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2016-08-03 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The number of women in positions of power and authority in Japanese companies has remained small despite the increase in the number of educated women and the passage of legislation on gender equality. In Too Few Women at the Top, Kumiko Nemoto draws on theoretical insights regarding Japan’s coordinated capitalism and institutional stasis to challenge claims that the surge in women’s education and employment will logically lead to the decline of gender inequality and eventually improve women’s status in the Japanese workplace. Nemoto’s interviews with diverse groups of workers at three Japanese financial companies and two cosmetics companies in Tokyo reveal the persistence of vertical sex segregation as a cost-saving measure by Japanese companies. Women’s advancement is impeded by customs including seniority pay and promotion, track-based hiring of women, long working hours, and the absence of women leaders. Nemoto contends that an improvement in gender equality in the corporate system will require that Japan fundamentally depart from its postwar methods of business management. Only when the static labor market is revitalized through adoption of new systems of cost savings, employee hiring, and rewards will Japanese women advance in their chosen professions. Comparison with the situation in the United States makes the author’s analysis of the Japanese case relevant for understanding the dynamics of the glass ceiling in U.S. workplaces as well.
Book Synopsis Political Women in Japan by : Susan J. Pharr
Download or read book Political Women in Japan written by Susan J. Pharr and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2023-04-28 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on interviews with one hundred young Japanese women engaged in a spectrum of voluntary political groups, Susan J. Pharr explores how politically active women overcome the constraints that bar or limit the political participation of the average woman. The book treats political volunteers as agents of social change in a process of role redefinition by which prevailing concepts of women's roles gradually adjust to accommodate political behavior. Tracing developments that led to the grant of suffrage and other political rights to women during the Allied occupation, Pharr sets the stage for an analysis of that process as it unfolds in the experience of individual women. She uses women's images of self and society and issues of political and gender role socialization, career and life expectations, and political role and participation to develop a three-fold typology for looking at political women in Japan. She examines both the satisfactions of political volunteerism—from the exhilaration of addressing a crowd from a sound truck to the pleasure of speaking "men's language"—and the psychological and social costs associated with it. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1981.
Book Synopsis Japan's Far More Female Future by : Bill Emmott
Download or read book Japan's Far More Female Future written by Bill Emmott and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-25 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Japan on show in the 2019 Rugby World Cup was an admirably safe, stable, resilient, and efficient society. However, that appearance disguises crucial vulnerabilities and social ailments, including an ageing and shrinking population, slow productivity growth, a new low-wage, insecure workforce, declining marriage and fertility rates, and an extreme level of gender inequality. Within this gender gap lies the key both to the ailments and the cure. A deterioration in the use of human capital and a decline in family formation have become entrenched thanks to discrimination against the female half of the population. Yet gradual change is occurring, thanks not only to demographic necessity but also to a significant rise in female access to university education since the 1990s and the emergence of a wide range of role models to inspire and empower the next generation. Analysis of trends and policy options, combined with interviews with 21 role models spanning fields from business to the arts, diplomacy to politics, music to e-commerce, provides ample grounds for optimism. Japan is becoming a nation with an increasing number of potential female leaders. If this rise can be accelerated by both public policy and private action, Japan could achieve much greater social justice and sustainable prosperity in the decades to come.
Book Synopsis Women Of Japan & Korea by : Joyce Gelb
Download or read book Women Of Japan & Korea written by Joyce Gelb and published by Temple University Press. This book was released on 2009-01-30 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Original research on the changing roles of women in Japan and Korea.
Book Synopsis Gender Policies in Japan and the United States: Comparing Women’s Movements, Rights and Politics by : J. Gelb
Download or read book Gender Policies in Japan and the United States: Comparing Women’s Movements, Rights and Politics written by J. Gelb and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-12-11 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first to explore the similarities and differences in gender related policy making and outcomes in Japan and the United States. It focuses on the role of women's movements and other factors in determining policy. Three policies are examined: Equal employment, domestic violence and reproductive rights, with additional attention to gender equality policy in Japan and 'family friendly policy' in both nations. The analysis examines the significance of international feminism and new standards of gender equity - kansetsu gaiatsu - as a resource for Japanese feminists seeking policy reform, as well as new trends toward policy cooperation. The future role of the United States, long a leader in policy development for women, is critically analyzed, and Gelb suggests that American feminists and policymakers can learn important lessons from the experience of Japanese women's movements and efforts at influencing public policy.
Book Synopsis Elites and the Idea of Equality by : Sidney Verba
Download or read book Elites and the Idea of Equality written by Sidney Verba and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1987 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What equality means in three modern democracies, both to leaders of important groups and to challengers of the status quo, is the subject of this wide-ranging canvass of perceptions and policy. It is based on extensive questionnaire data gathered from leaders in various segments of society in each countrybusiness, labor unions, farm organizations, political parties, the media-as well as from groups that are seeking greater equalityfeminists, black leaders in the United States, leaders of the Burakumin in Japan. The authors describe the extent to which the same meanings of equality exist, both within and across nations, and locate the areas of consensus and conflict over equality. No other book has compared data of this sort for these purposes. The authors address several major substantive and theoretical issues: the role of values in relation to egalitarian outcomes; the comparison of values and perceptions about equality in economics (income equality) and politics (equality of influence); and the difference among the nations in the ways political institutions affect the incorporation of new demands for equality into the policymaking process. They pay particular attention to how policy is set on issues of gender equality. This book will be controversial, for some see no room in the understanding of political economy for the analysis of values. It will be consulted by a general audience interested in politics and culture as well as by social scientists. Elites and the Idea of Equality is an informative sequel to Equality in America by Sidney Verba and Gary R. Orren (Harvard University Press), which considers similar topics in a national context.
Book Synopsis Sexual Harassment in Japanese Politics by : Emma Dalton
Download or read book Sexual Harassment in Japanese Politics written by Emma Dalton and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The term sekuhara was popularized in Japan around 30 years ago, but sexual harassment in politics is rarely discussed. This is strange given that longtime legal and social efforts for gender equality have been impeded by politics, an arena that most Japanese consider extremely sexist. Dalton's striking and persuasive work within the framework of Violence against Women in Politics offers us a clear-cut tool to analyze Japanese politics." -- Yayo Okano, Graduate School of Global Studies, Doshisha University, Japan "Sexual Harassment in Japanese Politics is an insightful examination of the legal, social, and ideological forces that have legitimized the sexual harassment of women in Japanese politics. The book makes a major contribution to the understanding of how sexual harassment and violence against women continue to be tolerated in professional arenas in one of the world's most gender-unequal countries." -- Kumiko Nemoto, School of Business Administration, Senshu University, Japan Sexual harassment in Japanese politics examines a problem that violates women's human rights and prevents a flourishing democracy. Japan fares badly in international gender equality indices, especially for female political representation. The scarcity of women in politics reflects the status of women and also exacerbates it. Based on interviews with female politicians around the country from all levels of government, this book sheds light on the sexist and sometimes dangerous environments in Japanese legislative assemblies. These environments reflect and recreate broader sexual inequalities in Japanese society and are a hothouse for sexual harassment. Like many places around the world, workplace sexual harassment laws and regulations in Japan often fail to protect women from being harassed. Even more, in the 'workplace' of the legislative council, such regulations are typically absent. This book discusses what this means for women in politics in the context of a broader culture whereby victims of sexual violence are largely silenced. Emma Dalton is a Japanese lecturer in the School of Global, Urban and Social Studies at RMIT University.
Book Synopsis The Political Economy of Japan's Low Fertility by : Frances McCall Rosenbluth
Download or read book The Political Economy of Japan's Low Fertility written by Frances McCall Rosenbluth and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2006-12-08 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes an interdisciplinary approach to one of Japan's thorniest public policy issues: why are women increasingly forgoing motherhood? At the heart of the matter lies a paradox: although the overall trend among rich countries is for fertility to decrease as female labor participation increases, gender-friendly countries resist the trend. Conversely, gender-unfriendly countries have lower fertility rates than they would have if they changed their labor markets to encourage the hiring of women—and therein lies Japan's problem. The authors argue that the combination of an inhospitable labor market for women and insufficient support for childcare pushes women toward working harder to promote their careers, to the detriment of childbearing. Controversial and enlightening, this book provides policy recommendations for solving not just Japan's fertility issue but those of other modern democracies facing a similar crisis.
Book Synopsis Popular Democracy in Japan by : Sherry L. Martin
Download or read book Popular Democracy in Japan written by Sherry L. Martin and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2011-03-15 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Popular Democracy in Japan examines a puzzle in Japanese politics: Why do Japanese women turn out to vote at rates higher than men? On the basis of in-depth fieldwork in various parts of the country, Sherry L. Martin argues that the exclusion of women from a full range of opportunities in public life provokes many of them to seek alternative outlets for self-expression. They have options that include a wide variety of study, hobby, and lifelong learning groups—a feature of Japanese civic life that the Ministry of Education encourages. Women who participate in these alternative spaces for learning tend, Martin finds, to examine the political conditions that have pushed them there. Her research suggests that study group participation increases women’s confidence in using various types of political participation (including voting) to pressure political elites for a more inclusive form of democracy. Considerable overlap between the narratives that emerge from women’s groups and a survey of national public opinion identifies these groups as crucial sites for crafting and circulating public discourses about politics. Martin shows how the interplay between public opinion and institutional change has given rise to bottom-up changes in electoral politics that culminated in the 2009 Democratic Party of Japan victory in the House of Representatives election.
Book Synopsis Cooperation Over Conflict by : Miriam Murase
Download or read book Cooperation Over Conflict written by Miriam Murase and published by . This book was released on 2012-04-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the midst of massive social, economic, political, and cultural change in postwar Japan, gender inequality persists at remarkably high levels. This book offers a political perspective on the situation, and documents the state intervention that is leading to a slow and incremental process of social change for Japanese women.
Book Synopsis Gender Inequalities in the Japanese Workplace and Employment by : Kazuo Yamaguchi
Download or read book Gender Inequalities in the Japanese Workplace and Employment written by Kazuo Yamaguchi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-15 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The in-depth analyses presented in this book have a dual focus: (1) Social mechanisms through which the gender wage gap, gender inequality in the attainment of managerial positions, and gender segregation of occupations are generated in Japan; and (2) Assessments of the effects of firms’ gender-egalitarian personnel policies and work–life balance promotion policies on the gender wage gap and the firms’ productivity. In addition, this work reviews and discusses various economic and sociological theories of gender inequality and gender discrimination and considers their consistencies and inconsistencies with the results of the analysis of Japanese data. Furthermore, the book critically reviews and discusses the historical development of the Japanese employment system by juxtaposing rational and cultural explanations. This book is an English translation by the author of a book he first published in Japanese in 2017. The original Japanese-language edition received two major book awards in Japan. One was The Nikkei Economic Book Culture Award, which is given every year by the Nikkei Newspaper Company and the Japan Economic Research Center to a few best books on economy and society. The other was The Showa University’s Women’s Culture Research Award, which is bestowed annually on a single book of research that promotes gender equality. Kazuo Yamaguchi is the Ralph Lewis Professor of Sociology at the University of Chicago.
Book Synopsis The Politics of International Marriage in Japan by : Viktoriya Kim
Download or read book The Politics of International Marriage in Japan written by Viktoriya Kim and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2021-12-10 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an in-depth exploration and analysis of marriages between Japanese nationals and migrants from three broad ethnic/cultural groups - spouses from the former Soviet Union countries, the Philippines, and Western countries. It reveals how the marriage migrants navigate the intricacies and trajectories of their marriages with Japanese people while living in Japan. Seen from the lens of ‘gendered geographies of power’, the book explores how state-level politics and policies towards marriage, migration, and gender affect the personal power politics in operation within the relationships of these international couples. Overall, the book discusses how ethnic identity intersects with gender in the negotiation of spaces and power relations between and amongst couples; and the role states and structural inequalities play in these processes, resulting in a reconfiguration of our notions of what international marriages are and how powerful gender and the state are in understanding the power relations in these unions.
