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Why Has Unemployment In Algeria Been Higher Than In Mena And Transition Countries
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Book Synopsis Why Has Unemployment in Algeria Been Higher Than in MENA and Transition Countries by : Kangni Kpodar
Download or read book Why Has Unemployment in Algeria Been Higher Than in MENA and Transition Countries written by Kangni Kpodar and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2007-08 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the determinants of labor market performance in Algeria. When the model is estimated with panel data on a sample of MENA and transition countries for 1995- 2005, the results suggest that lower growth in labor productivity in Algeria is associated with higher unemployment than the sample average, though recent positive terms of trade shocks have helped Algeria reduce the differential. Labor market rigidities and labor taxation do not seem to explain why unemployment is higher in Algeria than in other countries. The results are robust to various panel econometric methods and instrumental variable estimates.
Book Synopsis Unemployment Insurance in Algeria: Implications for a Labor Market in Transition by : Elizabeth Ruppert
Download or read book Unemployment Insurance in Algeria: Implications for a Labor Market in Transition written by Elizabeth Ruppert and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: September 1996 Industrial restructuring has serious and persistent implications for Algeria's labor market. Algeria's labor strategy should incorporate supply-side policies to create jobs and stimulate development of the private sector, so that it will have a more agile labor market in the long run. To predict how Algeria's unemployment crisis will evolve, Ruppert evaluates the Algerian unemployment insurance system's ability to finance itself, to affect employment decisions (of both firms and workers), and to promote enterprise restructuring (with attention to long-term implications for the labor market). Her main conclusion: Industrial restructuring has serious and persistent implications for the labor market. In an environment where many equilibria are possible, there is a real danger of reaching a high unemployment equilibrium. The big-bang experience of structural adjustment in the transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe resulted in large-scale unemployment. Despite considerable progress in restructuring, structural rigidities still exist in the labor market there, and long-term unemployment has persisted. Boeri (1993) calls this transitional unemployment and argues that it is difficult to eliminate by reintegration into the labor force. One advantage of the big-bang approach is the speed of adjustment, but the unemployment that results may be too costly for Algeria's economy, especially because it would be persistent. A more moderate mixed bang approach would incorporate active employment measures to mitigate entrenched unemployment. A crucial function of such policies is to maintain or enhance human capital through work (learning by doing), so idle workers don't lose their skills. Flex-time arrangements would help workers maintain a degree of attachment to the labor force. However minor, such work would help workers avoid the traps of long-term unemployment. Two striking conclusions emerge from the Central and Eastern European experience: * Unemployment is not essential to enterprise restructuring and labor market adjustment. Private sector vacancies are filled by job-to-job shifts, without recourse to the unemployment pool. * Growing long-term unemployment is self-fulfilling and results in higher and persistent unemployment. Although active employment measures are costly and have relatively low rates of return in the short run, they can be marginally effective as part of a long-term strategy. This paper - a product of the Country Operations Division, Middle East and North Africa, Country Department I - is part of a larger effort in the department to assess the characteristics and dynamics of labor markets in the region.
Book Synopsis Challenges Of Economic Development In The Middle East And North Africa Region by : Julia C Devlin
Download or read book Challenges Of Economic Development In The Middle East And North Africa Region written by Julia C Devlin and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010-01-20 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book surveys major economic issues in the development of countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region since World War II. It presents a framework of analysis highlighting underlying continuities in the region's approach to issues of growth, management of oil and natural resources, post-conflict environments, progress in trade liberalization and regional integration, the use of industrial policy, labor market adjustment and unemployment, educational attainment and poverty incidence. At the same time, this book focuses on emerging differences across countries in the region in the prevailing approach to addressing such challenges most notably between the economies of the Gulf Cooperation Council and other MENA countries.This book also incorporates a discussion of tools and methods used by development practitioners and briefly examines issues of aid effectiveness. The approach used is intended to appeal to a wide audience including students of economic development, political scientists and development practitioners.
Book Synopsis Challenges of Growth and Globalization in the Middle East and North Africa by : Mr.Hamid R Davoodi
Download or read book Challenges of Growth and Globalization in the Middle East and North Africa written by Mr.Hamid R Davoodi and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2003-09-05 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is an economically diverse region. Despite undertaking economic reforms in many countries, and having considerable success in avoiding crises and achieving macroeconomic stability, the region’s economic performance in the past 30 years has been below potential. This paper takes stock of the region’s relatively weak performance, explores the reasons for this out come, and proposes an agenda for urgent reforms.
Book Synopsis Political Revolt and Youth Unemployment in Tunisia by : Isabel Schaefer
Download or read book Political Revolt and Youth Unemployment in Tunisia written by Isabel Schaefer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-14 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses youth unemployment in post-revolutionary Tunisia, paying particular attention to the so-called skill mismatch. Youth unemployment was one of the major factors triggering the Tunisian revolution, and continues to be a central socio-economic challenge. The Tunisian labour market is marked by a strong increase of higher education graduates while the economic system is dominated by sectors mainly employing a less qualified labour force. This study investigates current labour market trends, and provides insights into the underlying causes of persisting high youth unemployment. The author argues that economic crisis, difficult political conditions since 2011, and inefficient labour market policies did not foster sufficient job creation, and that special attention needs to be paid to the educational causes of the skill mismatch in youth employment in future sustainable development models.
Book Synopsis Tackling Youth Unemployment by : Francesca Fazio
Download or read book Tackling Youth Unemployment written by Francesca Fazio and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2014-03-17 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Youth have always had higher unemployment rates – about twice or more than the average – as they are usually the last to be hired in an expansion and the first to be let go in a recession. In addition, young people engage in extensive job searching in their early years, and this can imply considerable job churning as both youth and employers look for a good match. This highlights the importance of facilitating the school-to-work transition and having early interventions to assist such youth before negative conditions set in. It also highlights the potential importance of determining those young people most “at risk” of long-term unemployment, and of targeting or streaming them into programmes that will yield the largest incremental net benefits given their characteristics. Unemployed youth without previous work experience often are not eligible for unemployment insurance benefits when they first enter the labour market. When they do receive job search assistance, they often face a bewildering array of programmes that are available to assist them, often with little guidance to help them select the programs that best meet their needs. Consequently, ensuring that today’s youth do not become a “lost generation” is an urgent matter. George Bernard Shaw once said that it is too bad that “youth is wasted on the young”, implying that youth do not realize the opportunities they have as youth and only see them as they get older. There is a danger, however, that many of today’s youth may be never have those opportunities and hence not even see them with hindsight. This book and others in the ADAPT Labour Studies Book-Series are intended to deal with these challenges, to make sure that youth is not wasted on the young.
Book Synopsis Authoritarian Elections and Opposition Groups in the Arab World by : Gail J. Buttorff
Download or read book Authoritarian Elections and Opposition Groups in the Arab World written by Gail J. Buttorff and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-13 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines how opposition groups respond to the dilemma posed by authoritarian elections in the Arab World, with specific focus on Jordan and Algeria. While scholars have investigated critical questions such as why authoritarian rulers would hold elections and whether such elections lead to further political liberalization, there has been comparatively little work on the strategies adopted by opposition groups during authoritarian elections. Nevertheless, we know their strategic choices can have important implications for the legitimacy of the electoral process, reform, democratization, and post-election conflicts. This project fills in an important gap in our understanding of opposition politics under authoritarianism by offering an explanation for the range of strategies adopted by opposition groups in the face of contentious elections in the Arab World.
Book Synopsis The State of African Cities 2008 by :
Download or read book The State of African Cities 2008 written by and published by UN-HABITAT. This book was released on 2008 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With rapidly increasing urban populations, cities in Africa are faced with enormous challenges and will have to find ways to facilitate by 2015 urban services, livelihoods and housing for more than twice as many urban dwellers than it has today. A worrying trend with the African urbanization process is that it is a process rooted in poverty rather than an industrialization-induced socio-economic transition as in other major world urban regions. Africas escalating urban problems have received less attention than warranted and now, at the dawn of Africas urban age, these need to be addressed - publisher.
Book Synopsis The Shadow Economy by : Friedrich Schneider
Download or read book The Shadow Economy written by Friedrich Schneider and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-02-14 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents new data to give an overview of shadow economies from OECD countries and propose solutions to prevent illicit work.
Book Synopsis The Political Economy of Violence by : Daniel S. Leon
Download or read book The Political Economy of Violence written by Daniel S. Leon and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study will attempt to answer the question of how can the rise in social violence since the 1980s be explained in the oil-rich nation of Venezuela? The once relatively peaceful nation of Venezuela has seen a dramatic rise in social violence over the last three decades that has placed her amongst some of the world's most dangerous countries. A review of the relevant literature will reveal that the study of a social phenomenon such as violence, in a nation such as Venezuela, is a complicated task because there are a number of different, but in many cases interlinked, variables that contribute to the formation of this social phenomenon. Therefore, the conceptual framework will consist of a multi-variable analysis so that this study may go about to formulate an appropriate explanation based on the complex causes and effects that surround this issue. However, special attention will be given to the nation's developmental history, which has given way to a severe socio-political crisis. Although special attention will be given to this important variable, no hierarchy of variables will be established, as the convoluted nature of social events makes it very difficult to formulate one. Other factors that will also be analyzed as they contribute to the rise of social violence are: the nation's vast hydrocarbon wealth (which is always an outstanding variable because of its economic importance), economic reform and liberalization, and the urbanization process. Although there have been several studies on oil-rich nations (including Venezuela), their economic dynamics, the Latin American urbanization process, and the Venezuelan political crisis, there is an absence of studies that include these intervening factors in a comprehensive manner. This study hopes to fill this gap.
Book Synopsis Youth Employment in Sub-Saharan Africa by : Deon Filmer
Download or read book Youth Employment in Sub-Saharan Africa written by Deon Filmer and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-01-24 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The series is sponsored by the Agence Francaise de Developpement and the World Bank."
Book Synopsis ICTs for Health, Education, and Socioeconomic Policies: Regional Cases by : Driouchi, Ahmed
Download or read book ICTs for Health, Education, and Socioeconomic Policies: Regional Cases written by Driouchi, Ahmed and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2013-03-31 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advancing technologies play an important role in the interactions between health, education, and socioeconomic policies. The subsequent outcomes between these areas require a better understanding and assessment in order to pursue further efficient coordination. ICTs for Health, Education and Socioeconomic Policies: Regional Cases discusses the benefits that can be gained from the interactions between health, education, and socioeconomic areas. Providing a regional focus on the Southern Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, and Arab economies, this book is essential for researchers, scholars, developers, policy makers, and graduate students interested in these specific regions and studies.
Book Synopsis African Solutions by : Tšoeu Petlane
Download or read book African Solutions written by Tšoeu Petlane and published by Jacana Media. This book was released on 2011 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "African Solutions is a result of research into the policies, programmes and experiences identified as best practices in the Country Review Reports (CRRs) of twelve countries published under the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM), from Algeria, Benin, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Kenya, Lesotho, Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa and Uganda. The research was commissioned and coordinated by the Governance and APRM Programme of the South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA). To justify this inquiry, they argued, among others, that with the APRM conceived a voluntary mechanism, and in the absence of 'hard pressure' for compliance, incentives - rather than sanctions - could be the way to strengthen the APRM. Thus the importance of best practices: as templates and models for reform, and as a counterbalance to the temptation to concentrate on what is not working in Africa. In this book, therefore, best practices identified in the twelve CRRs are examined critically and methodically with a view to understanding: how they are conceptualised within the APRM (including their definition and how they are intended to be used to achieve the desired results); how the items reported as best practices qualify to be regarded as such in the sense of being demonstrably better than the rest, replicable and addressing APRM goals; and how they can be strengthened for use as material from peer learning within the APRM and around the continent"--Back cover.
Book Synopsis Young Generation Awakening by : Edward A. Sayre
Download or read book Young Generation Awakening written by Edward A. Sayre and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-06-28 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The street protests that erupted in Tunisia in December 2010 and spread quickly throughout the Middle East surprised not only the entrenched dictators of the region but also international observers who collectively had taken for granted the durability of Middle Eastern authoritarianism. Specifically, the Arab Spring uprisings debunked the prevailing notion that youth were disengaged from political life by their economic exclusion and tight regime control of their mobilization. Indeed, the one consistent feature across the uprisings, whether peaceful or violent, was the key role played by young people. What has remained unclear is why youth became the vanguards of the Arab Spring protests and why they have not played a more prominent role in the transitions that followed. To address these questions, the authors in this volume use updated data sets on demography, employment, education, inequality, social media and public sentiment to examine the underlying socioeconomic conditions of young people in the Middle East at the time of the uprisings and offer a mosaic of analytical explanations linking those conditions from 2009-2011 to the revolts of 2010-2012. The findings in the volume confirm the inadequacy of traditional narrow explanations rooted in demographic profiles, economic grievances or political exclusion in accounting for the complex socioeconomic dynamics facing youth and societies at large in the Middle East in the period leading up to the Arab Spring. The contributors emphasize the fundamental institutional rigidities in the region's policy space and evaluate potential approaches to policy reform that can promote youth inclusion and help transform the region's political economies in the post Arab Spring environment of persistent economic volatility, social unrest and political instability.
Book Synopsis Iran and the World by : Bahram Navazeni
Download or read book Iran and the World written by Bahram Navazeni and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2010-05-11 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Both Iran and the World had witnessed changes which have had profound effects in their past, as well as current events. Despite its long history, rich oil and gas resources, and the strategic position in the Persian Gulf, Iran has enjoyed stability in its blend of religion and politics of social affairs in the face of profound change. Contemporary international relations, known for its dominating principles of equal sovereignty and self-determination, are also undergoing change, the most obvious ones being the Soviet collapse, the “new world order,” and globalization, all of which have affected Iran. This book aims to emphasize recent developments in Iran and the world, study their interaction, thus attracting the attention of think tanks in international relations, political science, and other experts in various scientific fields. Subjects covered are the developments in mystical vision of the Islamic Revolution in the discourse of Martyr Mortaza Motahhari, legal and ethical issues of the human right to democracy, nation-state system and Islam, Iran's religio-constitutional institutions in the 20th century, Iran's addmision policy of international students, Obama and the policy of changing relations with Iran, Arab-Israeli conflict, development strategies in Iran and Algeria, Shanghais Cooperation Organization.
Book Synopsis Economic Integration in the Maghreb by : Mr.Alexei P Kireyev
Download or read book Economic Integration in the Maghreb written by Mr.Alexei P Kireyev and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-02-13 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Individual countries of the Maghreb have achieved substantial progress on trade, but, as a region they remain the least integrated in the world. The share of intraregional trade is less than 5 percent of their total trade, substantially lower than in all other regional trading blocs around the world. Geopolitical considerations and restrictive economic policies have stifled regional integration. Economic policies have been guided by country-level considerations, with little attention to the region, and are not coordinated. Restrictions on trade and capital flows remain substantial and constrain regional integration for the private sector.
Book Synopsis The Road Not Traveled by : Ahmed Galal
Download or read book The Road Not Traveled written by Ahmed Galal and published by Mena Development Report. This book was released on 2008 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Education is a powerful force that can speed up economic growth, improve income distribution, facilitate social mobility, and reduce poverty. It can also improve the quality of life for citizens by contributing to longer life expectancy, lower fertility and infant mortality rates, and a more cohesive national identity. However, none of these positive outcomes are automatic. All too often, investment in education generates low returns to the individuals involved and society at large. Thus, while investment in education is a necessary condition for faster development and prosperity, it is by no means sufficient. This MENA flagship report explores whether past investments in education in the region have generated their maximum economic returns, and, if not, why they have failed to do so. Ultimately, the answers to these questions are being sought to help policymakers chart more fruitful strategies in the future." -- Overview (p. 1).
