Who Consolidated Guidelines On Tuberculosis Module 2

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WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 2

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9240022678
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 2 by : World Health Organization

Download or read book WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 2 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2021-03-22 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 2: screening – systematic screening for tuberculosis disease is an updated and consolidated summary of WHO recommendations on systematic screening for tuberculosis (TB) disease, containing 17 recommendations for populations in which TB screening should be conducted and tools to be used for TB screening. TB screening is strongly recommendations for household and close contacts of individuals with TB, people living with HIV, miners exposed to silica dust, and prisoners. In addition, screening is conditionally recommended for people with risk factors for TB attending health care, and for communities with risk factors for TB and limited access to care (e.g. homeless, urban poor, refugees, migrants). General population screening is recommended in high-burden settings (0.5% prevalence or higher). Symptoms, chest radiography (CXR), and molecular WHO-recommended rapid diagnostic tests for TB are recommended as screening tools for all adults eligible for screening. Computer-aided detection programmes are recommended as alternatives to human interpretation of CXR in settings where trained personnel are scarce. For people living with HIV, C-reactive protein is also a good screening tool. This guideline document is accompanied by an operational handbook, the WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis. Module 2: screening – systematic screening for tuberculosis disease, that presents principles of screening, steps in planning and implementing a screening programme, and algorithm options for screening different populations.

WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis. Module 2

Author :
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9240022619
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis. Module 2 by :

Download or read book WHO operational handbook on tuberculosis. Module 2 written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2021-03-22 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is the companion implementation guide to the 2021 WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis: Module 2: Screening. Systematic screening for tuberculosis disease. This handbook is part of a modular series of practical guides meant for the implementers of various aspects of the programmatic management TB. The operational handbook discusses six essential steps in designing and implementing a TB screening programme: assessing the situation, setting goals and specific objectives, identifying and prioritizing risk groups, choosing algorithms for screening and diagnosis, planning, budgeting and implementing, and monitoring, evaluating and modifying the programme. The handbook also contains various algorithm options for screening in different populations including: 10 possible screening algorithms for the general population and high-risk groups, 11 algorithms for adults and adolescents ≥10 years living with HIV, and 6 algorithms for children (5 for child contacts an 1 for children 10 years living with HIV). brIn addition, WHO links to 2 web-based tools to assist with planning and implementation of screening activities: 1) iScreenTBCAD for TB detection which helps countries with calibrating CAD technologies for new settings.

WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 4

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 924004812X
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 4 by : World Health Organization

WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789240047723
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (477 download)

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Book Synopsis WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis by : World Health Organization

Download or read book WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis, Module 4: Treatment - Tuberculosis Care and Support informs health care professionals in Member States on how to improve treatment and care for patients with TB. These guidelines group all recommendations on TB care and support in one document and are complemented by an operational handbook. The guidelines are to be used primarily by national TB programmes, or their equivalents in Ministries of Health, stakeholders and technical organizations working on TB care in the public and private sectors and in the community.

WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 3

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 924000730X
Total Pages : 106 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 3 by : World Health Organization

Download or read book WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 3 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2020-06-22 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The political declaration of the first United Nations (UN) high-level meeting on tuberculosis (TB) calls countries to diagnose and treat 40 million people with TB globally between 2018 and 2022. Traditionally, in most countries, TB diagnosis has been performed using sputum-smear microscopy, a method developed more than 100 years ago, with suboptimal sensitivity. In recent years new technologies have emerged based on the detection of mycobacterial DNA or mycobacterial antigens. Over the past decade the World Health Organization (WHO) has published a number of guidelines developed by WHO-convened Guideline Development Groups (GDGs), using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to summarize the evidence and to formulate policy recommendations and accompanying remarks. The present document "WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 3: Diagnosis - Rapid diagnostics for tuberculosis detection" consolidates five guidelines developed by WHO between 2016 and 2020. Earlier guidelines on diagnostics that were not developed according to the GRADE approach have not been included in this document. The WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis will group all TB recommendations in one document and will be complemented by matching modules of an operational handbook. The handbook will provide practical advice on how to put in place the recommendations at the scale needed to achieve national and global impact. A range of new diagnostic technologies have been endorsed by WHO during the past decade. These are listed below: - real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays - for example, Xpert MTB/RIF(r) (Ultra) (cartridge-based) and TruenatTM (chip-based);- line probe assays (LPAs) - for example, GenoType(r) MTBDRplus v1 and v2, GenoscholarTM NTM+MDRTB II and GenoType(r) MTBDRsl;- loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) - for example, TB-LAMP; and- antigen detection in a lateral flow format (biomarker-based detection) - for example, Alere DetermineTM TB LAM Ag. The present "WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 3: Diagnosis - Rapid diagnostics for tuberculosis detection" provides background, justification and recommendations on these technologies. The document includes new recommendations on molecular assays intended as initial tests for the diagnosis of pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB and rifampicin resistance in adults and children.

Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6)

Author : King K. Holmes
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464805253
Total Pages : 506 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6) by : King K. Holmes

Download or read book Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 6) written by King K. Holmes and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-11-06 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.

WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 4

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9240007040
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 4 by : World Health Organization

Download or read book WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 4 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2020-06-15 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) strains with drug resistance (DR-TB) are more difficult to treat than drug-susceptible ones, and threaten global progress towards the targets set by the End TB Strategy of the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO estimates that about half a million cases of multi-drug or rifampicin resistant (MDR/RR-TB) are estimated to occur each year. However, only one third were estimated to have accessed effective treatment and of those, just over half had a successful treatment outcome. Therefore, there is a pressing need for evidence-based policy recommendations on the treatment and care of patients with DR-TB, based on the most recent and comprehensive evidence available. In this regard, the WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis, Module 4: Treatment - Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment fulfills the mandate of WHO to inform health care professionals in Member States on how to improve treatment and care for patients with DR-TB. The 2020 recommendations on drug resistant TB treatment are contained in the second module to be released under the rubric of WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis (Module 4: Treatment). The WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis will group all TB recommendations in one document and will be complemented by matching modules of a consolidated operational handbook. The operational handbook will provide practical advice on how to put in place the recommendations at the scale needed to achieve national and global impact. OVERVIEW: Between 2011 and 2019, WHO has developed and issued evidence-based policy recommendations on the treatment and care of patients with DR-TB. These policy recommendations have been presented in several WHO documents and their associated annexes, including the WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment, issued by WHO in March 2019. The policy recommendations in each of these guidelines have been developed by WHO-convened Guideline Development Groups, using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach to summarize the evidence, and formulate policy recommendations and accompanying remarks. The present WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis, Module 4: Treatment - Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment includes a comprehensive set of WHO recommendations for the treatment and care of DR-TB. The document includes two new recommendations, one on the composition of shorter regimens and one on the use of the BPaL regimen (i.e. bedaquiline, pretomanid and linezolid). In addition, the consolidated guidelines include existing recommendations on treatment regimens for isoniazid-resistant TB and MDR/RR-TB, including longer regimens, culture monitoring of patients on treatment, the timing of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in MDR/RR-TB patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the use of surgery for patients receiving MDR-TB treatment, and optimal models of patient support and care. The guidelines are to be used primarily in national TB programmes, or their equivalents in Ministries of Health, and for other policy-makers and technical organizations working on TB and infectious diseases in public and private sectors and in the community.

Systematic Screening for Active Tuberculosis

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9241548606
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (415 download)

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Book Synopsis Systematic Screening for Active Tuberculosis by : World Health Organization

Download or read book Systematic Screening for Active Tuberculosis written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2013 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There have been calls to revisit the experiences of TB screening campaigns that were widely applied in Europe and North America in the mid-20th century, as well as more recent experiences with TB screening in countries with a high burden of the disease, and to assess their possible relevance for TB care and prevention in the 21st century. In response, WHO has developed guidelines on screening for active TB. An extensive review of the evidence has been undertaken. The review suggests that screening, if done in the right way and targeting the right people, may reduce suffering and death, but the review also highlights several reasons to be cautious. As discussed in detail in this book, there is a need to balance potential benefits against the risks and costs of screening; this conclusion is mirrored by the history of TB screening. This publication presents the first comprehensive assessment by WHO of the appropriateness of screening for active TB since the recommendations made in 1974 by the Expert Committee. However, the relative effectiveness and cost effectiveness of screening remain uncertain, a point that is underscored by the systematic reviews presented in this guideline. Evidence suggests that some risk groups should always be screened, whereas the prioritization of other risk groups as well as the choice of screening approach depend on the epidemiology, the health-system context, and the resources available. This book sets out basic principles for prioritizing risk groups and choosing a screening approach; it also emphasizes the importance of assessing the epidemiological situation, adapting approaches to local situations, integrating TB screening into other health-promotion activities, minimizing the risk of harm to individuals, and engaging in continual monitoring and evaluation. It calls for more and better research to assess the impact of screening and to develop and evaluate new screening tests and approaches.

WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 3

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9240029419
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 3 by : World Health Organization

Guidelines on the Management of Latent Tuberculosis Infection

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9241548908
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (415 download)

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Book Synopsis Guidelines on the Management of Latent Tuberculosis Infection by : World Health Organization

Download or read book Guidelines on the Management of Latent Tuberculosis Infection written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2015-01-15 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BACKGROUND: Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), defined as a state of persistent immune response to prior-acquired Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens without evidence of clinically manifested active TB, affects about one-third of the world's population. Approximately 10% of people with LTBI will develop active TB disease in their lifetime, with the majority developing it within the first five years after initial infection. Currently available treatments have an efficacy ranging from 60% to 90%. Systematic testing and treatment of LTBI in at-risk populations is a critical component of WHO's eight-point framework adapted from the End TB Strategy to target pre-elimination and, ultimately, elimination in low incidence countries. OVERVIEW: Recognizing the importance of expanding the response to LTBI, in 2014 WHO developed Guidelines on the Management of Latent Tuberculosis Infection. The guidelines are primarily targeted at high-income or upper middle-income countries with an estimated TB incidence rate of less than 100 per 100 000 population, because they are most likely to benefit from it due to their current TB epidemiology and resource availability. The overall objective of the guidelines is to provide public health approach guidance on evidence-based practices for testing, treating and managing LTBI in individuals with the highest risk of progression to active disease. Specific objectives include identifying and prioritizing at-risk population groups for targeted intervention of LTBI testing and treatment, including defining an algorithm, and recommending specific treatment options. The guidelines are expected to provide the basis and rationale for the development of national guidelines for LTBI management based on available resources, epidemiology of TB including intensity of transmission, the health-care delivery system of the country, and other national and local determinants.

Immunization in Practice

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9241549092
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (415 download)

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Book Synopsis Immunization in Practice by : World Health Organization

Download or read book Immunization in Practice written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2015 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practical guide contains seven modules targeted at district and health facility staff. It intends to meet the demands to improve immunization services so as to reach more infants in a sustainable way, building upon the experiences of polio eradication. It includes materials adapted from polio on planning, monitoring and use of data to improve the service, that can be used at any level. Revising the manual has been a team exercise. There are contributions from a large number of experts, organizations and institutions. This new edition has seven modules. Several new vaccines that have become more readily available and used in recent years have been added. Also the section on integration with other health interventions has been expanded as exciting opportunities and experiences have become evident in the years following the previous edition. Module 1: Target diseases and vaccines Module 2: The vaccine cold chain Module 3: Ensuring safe injections Module 4: Microplanning for reaching every community Module 5: Managing an immunization session Module 6: Monitoring and surveillance Module 7: Partnering with communities.

WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 5

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9240046763
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 5 by : World Health Organization

Download or read book WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 5 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2022-03-21 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of the 2022 consolidated guidelines are: to provide policy makers and implementing partners with evidence-based recommendations on the cascade of care for children and adolescents; to support the implementation of activities to prevent TB among children and adolescents at risk; to improve TB case detection and treatment outcomes in children and adolescents with TB using effective models of care; and to contribute to reductions in TB related morbidity and mortality in children and adolescents in line with global targets including those in the UN Sustainable Development Goals, the WHO End TB Strategy and the Political Declaration of the United Nations General Assembly High-Level Meeting on the Fight against Tuberculosis. The target audience for these consolidated guidelines consists primarily of national TB programmes (NTPs), primary health care (PHC) programmes, maternal and child health programmes, national AIDS programmes (or their equivalents in health ministries) and other health policy makers. They also target generalist and specialist paediatricians, clinicians and health practitioners working on TB, HIV and/or infectious diseases in public and private sectors, the educational sector, nongovernmental-, civil society- and community-based organizations, as well as technical and implementing partners.

WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 4

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9240063129
Total Pages : 134 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 4 by : World Health Organization

WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 3

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9240056084
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 3 by : World Health Organization

Global Tuberculosis Report 2016

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789241565394
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (653 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Tuberculosis Report 2016 by : World Health Organization

Download or read book Global Tuberculosis Report 2016 written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This global tuberculosis report is the first to be produced in the era of the SDGs and the End TB Strategy. It provides an assessment of the TB epidemic and progress in TB diagnosis, treatment, and prevention efforts as well as an overview of TB-specific financing and research. It also discusses the broader agenda of universal health coverage, social protection, and other SDGs that have an impact on health. Data was available for 202 countries and territories that account for over 99% of the world's population and TB cases.

Malaria Microscopy Quality Assurance Manual - Version 2

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9241549394
Total Pages : 139 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (415 download)

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Book Synopsis Malaria Microscopy Quality Assurance Manual - Version 2 by : World Health Organization

Download or read book Malaria Microscopy Quality Assurance Manual - Version 2 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2016-04-05 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first version of the WHO Malaria microscopy quality assurance manual (2009) was based on recommendations made at a series of informal consultations organized by WHO particularly a bi-regional meeting of the WHO regional offices for South-East Asia and the Western Pacific in April 2005 in Kuala Lumpur Malaysia followed by informal consultations held in March 2006 and February 2008 in Geneva Switzerland. Subsequently extensive consultations among international malaria experts led to consensus and preparation of the manual. This second version of the Manual is based on the recommendations of experts made at a WHO technical consultation in March 2014 in Geneva Switzerland. The aim of the meeting was to review the experiences of national malaria control programmes (NMCPs) national reference laboratories (NRLs) and technical agencies in using the Manual and country experience in order to improve systems for managing the quality of malaria microscopy. This second version takes into account the many years of experience of several agencies in the various aspects of quality assurance (QA) described in the Manual. In particular the sections on assessment of competence in malaria microscopy are based on use of this method by the WHO regional offices for South-East Asia and the Western Pacific in collaboration with the WHO Coordinating Centre for Malaria in Australia and by the WHO Regional Office for Africa in collaboration with Amref Health Africa. The section on setting up and managing an international reference malaria slide bank is based on the work of the WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific in collaboration with the WHO Coordinating Centre for Malaria Diagnosis in the Philippines. The section on proficiency testing for malaria microscopy is based on work in the WHO Regional Office for Africa in collaboration with the National Institute for Communicable Diseases in South Africa and experience in regional initiatives by Amref Health Africa. The section on slide validation is based on work by Médecins sans Frontières and the section on outreach training and supportive supervision (OTSS) is based on work by the President's Malaria Initiative Malaria Care Project Medical Care Development International and Amref Health Africa. The Manual is designed primarily to assist managers of NMCPs and general laboratory services responsible for malaria control. The information is also applicable to nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and funding agencies involved in improving quality management systems for malaria microscopy. The Manual is not designed for QA of microscopy in research situations such as in clinical trials of new drugs and vaccines or for monitoring parasite drug resistance. It forms part of a series of WHO documents designed to assist countries in improving the quality of malaria diagnosis in clinical settings including the revised training manuals on Basic malaria microscopy (2010) and the Bench aids for malaria microscopy (2010).

First WHO Model List of Essential In Vitro Diagnostics

Author : World Health Organization
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9241210265
Total Pages : 73 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (412 download)

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Book Synopsis First WHO Model List of Essential In Vitro Diagnostics by : World Health Organization

Download or read book First WHO Model List of Essential In Vitro Diagnostics written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2019-05-16 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the list is to help countries develop or update their national essential diagnostics lists, raise awareness and political will, guide procurement and regulation policies and improve access to the most important in vitro diagnostics that all countries need to make available to their populations, particularly in low-resourced countries. It will also contribute towards health systems strengthening and realizing universal health coverage.