What Levels Of Explanation In The Behavioural Sciences

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What levels of explanation in the behavioural sciences?

Author : Giuseppe Boccignone
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 288919597X
Total Pages : 93 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis What levels of explanation in the behavioural sciences? by : Giuseppe Boccignone

Download or read book What levels of explanation in the behavioural sciences? written by Giuseppe Boccignone and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-07-03 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Complex systems are to be seen as typically having multiple levels of organization. For instance, in the behavioural and cognitive sciences, there has been a long lasting trend, promoted by the seminal work of David Marr, putting focus on three distinct levels of analysis: the computational level, accounting for the What and Why issues, the algorithmic and the implementational levels specifying the How problem. However, the tremendous developments in neuroscience knowledge about processes at different scales of organization together with the complexity of today cognitive theories suggest that there will hardly be only three levels of explanation. Instead, there will be many different degrees of commitments corresponding to the different granularities - from high-level (behavioural) models to low-level (neural and molecular) models of the cognitive research program. For instance, Bayesian approaches, that are usually advocated for formalizing Marr's computational level and rational behaviour, have even been adopted to model synaptic plasticity and axon guidance by molecular gradients. As a result, we can consider the behavioural scientist as dealing with models at a multiplicity of levels. The purpose of this Research Topic in Frontiers in Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology is to promote an approach to the role of the levels and explanation and models which is of interest for cognitive scientists, neuroscientists, psychologists, behavioural scientists, and philosophers of science.

Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences

Author : Jacob Cohen
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134742770
Total Pages : 625 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (347 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences by : Jacob Cohen

Download or read book Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences written by Jacob Cohen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistical Power Analysis is a nontechnical guide to power analysis in research planning that provides users of applied statistics with the tools they need for more effective analysis. The Second Edition includes: * a chapter covering power analysis in set correlation and multivariate methods; * a chapter considering effect size, psychometric reliability, and the efficacy of "qualifying" dependent variables and; * expanded power and sample size tables for multiple regression/correlation.

The Behavioral and Social Sciences

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309037492
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Behavioral and Social Sciences by : National Research Council

Download or read book The Behavioral and Social Sciences written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-02-01 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the scientific frontiers and leading edges of research across the fields of anthropology, economics, political science, psychology, sociology, history, business, education, geography, law, and psychiatry, as well as the newer, more specialized areas of artificial intelligence, child development, cognitive science, communications, demography, linguistics, and management and decision science. It includes recommendations concerning new resources, facilities, and programs that may be needed over the next several years to ensure rapid progress and provide a high level of returns to basic research.

Behavioral Research

Author : Fred Nichols Kerlinger
Publisher : Holt McDougal
ISBN 13 : 9780030133312
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (333 download)

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Book Synopsis Behavioral Research by : Fred Nichols Kerlinger

Download or read book Behavioral Research written by Fred Nichols Kerlinger and published by Holt McDougal. This book was released on 1979 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Measurement

Author : David J. Hand
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198779569
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Measurement by : David J. Hand

Download or read book Measurement written by David J. Hand and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Very Short Introduction explores the concept of measurement, its mathematical underpinnings, and its wide range of application from the sciences and social sciences to economics and commerce

Science And Human Behavior

Author : B.F Skinner
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1476716153
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (767 download)

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Book Synopsis Science And Human Behavior by : B.F Skinner

Download or read book Science And Human Behavior written by B.F Skinner and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2012-12-18 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The psychology classic—a detailed study of scientific theories of human nature and the possible ways in which human behavior can be predicted and controlled—from one of the most influential behaviorists of the twentieth century and the author of Walden Two. “This is an important book, exceptionally well written, and logically consistent with the basic premise of the unitary nature of science. Many students of society and culture would take violent issue with most of the things that Skinner has to say, but even those who disagree most will find this a stimulating book.” —Samuel M. Strong, The American Journal of Sociology “This is a remarkable book—remarkable in that it presents a strong, consistent, and all but exhaustive case for a natural science of human behavior…It ought to be…valuable for those whose preferences lie with, as well as those whose preferences stand against, a behavioristic approach to human activity.” —Harry Prosch, Ethics

Health Behavior

Author : Karen Glanz
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118628985
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (186 download)

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Book Synopsis Health Behavior by : Karen Glanz

Download or read book Health Behavior written by Karen Glanz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-07-27 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essential health behavior text, updated with the latest theories, research, and issues Health Behavior: Theory, Research and Practice provides a thorough introduction to understanding and changing health behavior, core tenets of the public health role. Covering theory, applications, and research, this comprehensive book has become the gold standard of health behavior texts. This new fifth edition has been updated to reflect the most recent changes in the public health field with a focus on health behavior, including coverage of the intersection of health and community, culture, and communication, with detailed explanations of both established and emerging theories. Offering perspective applicable at the individual, interpersonal, group, and community levels, this essential guide provides the most complete coverage of the field to give public health students and practitioners an authoritative reference for both the theoretical and practical aspects of health behavior. A deep understanding of human behaviors is essential for effective public health and health care management. This guide provides the most complete, up-to-date information in the field, to give you a real-world understanding and the background knowledge to apply it successfully. Learn how e-health and social media factor into health communication Explore the link between culture and health, and the importance of community Get up to date on emerging theories of health behavior and their applications Examine the push toward evidence-based interventions, and global applications Written and edited by the leading health and social behavior theorists and researchers, Health Behavior: Theory, Research and Practice provides the information and real-world perspective that builds a solid understanding of how to analyze and improve health behaviors and health.

Understanding Statistics in the Behavioral Sciences

Author : Roger Bakeman
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135613141
Total Pages : 469 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Statistics in the Behavioral Sciences by : Roger Bakeman

Download or read book Understanding Statistics in the Behavioral Sciences written by Roger Bakeman and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2005-03-23 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding Statistics in the Behavioral Sciences is designed to help readers understand research reports, analyze data, and familiarize themselves with the conceptual underpinnings of statistical analyses used in behavioral science literature. The authors review statistics in a way that is intended to reduce anxiety for students who feel intimidated by statistics. Conceptual underpinnings and practical applications are stressed, whereas algebraic derivations and complex formulas are reduced. New ideas are presented in the context of a few recurring examples, which allows readers to focus more on the new statistical concepts than on the details of different studies. The authors' selection and organization of topics is slightly different from the ordinary introductory textbook. It is motivated by the needs of a behavioral science student, or someone in clinical practice, rather than by formal, mathematical properties. The book begins with hypothesis testing and then considers how hypothesis testing is used in conjunction with statistical designs and tests to answer research questions. In addition, this book treats analysis of variance as another application of multiple regression. With this integrated, unified approach, students simultaneously learn about multiple regression and how to analyze data associated with basic analysis of variance and covariance designs. Students confront fewer topics but those they do encounter possess considerable more power, generality, and practical importance. This integrated approach helps to simplify topics that often cause confusion. Understanding Statistics in the Behavioral Sciences features:*Computer-based exercises, many of which rely on spreadsheets, help the reader perform statistical analyses and compare and verify the results using either SPSS or SAS. These exercises also provide an opportunity to explore definitional formulas by altering raw data or terms within a formula and immediately see the consequences thus providing a deeper understanding of the basic concepts. *Key terms and symbols are boxed when first introduced and repeated in a glossary to make them easier to find at review time. *Numerous tables and graphs, including spreadsheet printouts and figures, help students visualize the most critical concepts. This book is intended as a text for introductory behavioral science statistics. It will appeal to instructors who want a relatively brief text. The book's active approach to learning, works well both in the classroom and for individual self-study.

Statistical Power Analysis for the Social and Behavioral Sciences

Author : Xiaofeng Steven Liu
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136464182
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (364 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Power Analysis for the Social and Behavioral Sciences by : Xiaofeng Steven Liu

Download or read book Statistical Power Analysis for the Social and Behavioral Sciences written by Xiaofeng Steven Liu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-07 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to demonstrate the application of power analysis to the newer more advanced statistical techniques that are increasingly used in the social and behavioral sciences. Both basic and advanced designs are covered. Readers are shown how to apply power analysis to techniques such as hierarchical linear modeling, meta-analysis, and structural equation modeling. Each chapter opens with a review of the statistical procedure and then proceeds to derive the power functions. This is followed by examples that demonstrate how to produce power tables and charts. The book clearly shows how to calculate power by providing open code for every design and procedure in R, SAS, and SPSS. Readers can verify the power computation using the computer programs on the book's website. There is a growing requirement to include power analysis to justify sample sizes in grant proposals. Most chapters are self-standing and can be read in any order without much disruption.This book will help readers do just that. Sample computer code in R, SPSS, and SAS at www.routledge.com/9781848729810 are written to tabulate power values and produce power curves that can be included in a grant proposal. Organized according to various techniques, chapters 1 – 3 introduce the basics of statistical power and sample size issues including the historical origin, hypothesis testing, and the use of statistical power in t tests and confidence intervals. Chapters 4 - 6 cover common statistical procedures -- analysis of variance, linear regression (both simple regression and multiple regression), correlation, analysis of covariance, and multivariate analysis. Chapters 7 - 11 review the new statistical procedures -- multi-level models, meta-analysis, structural equation models, and longitudinal studies. The appendixes contain a tutorial about R and show the statistical theory of power analysis. Intended as a supplement for graduate courses on quantitative methods, multivariate statistics, hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) and/or multilevel modeling and SEM taught in psychology, education, human development, nursing, and social and life sciences, this is the first text on statistical power for advanced procedures. Researchers and practitioners in these fields also appreciate the book‘s unique coverage of the use of statistical power analysis to determine sample size in planning a study. A prerequisite of basic through multivariate statistics is assumed.

Introduction to Psychology

Author : Jennifer Walinga
Publisher : Hasanraza Ansari
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 810 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Psychology by : Jennifer Walinga

Download or read book Introduction to Psychology written by Jennifer Walinga and published by Hasanraza Ansari. This book was released on with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is designed to help students organize their thinking about psychology at a conceptual level. The focus on behaviour and empiricism has produced a text that is better organized, has fewer chapters, and is somewhat shorter than many of the leading books. The beginning of each section includes learning objectives; throughout the body of each section are key terms in bold followed by their definitions in italics; key takeaways, and exercises and critical thinking activities end each section.

Modeling Dyadic and Interdependent Data in the Developmental and Behavioral Sciences

Author : Noel A. Card
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135703930
Total Pages : 562 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (357 download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling Dyadic and Interdependent Data in the Developmental and Behavioral Sciences by : Noel A. Card

Download or read book Modeling Dyadic and Interdependent Data in the Developmental and Behavioral Sciences written by Noel A. Card and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011-04-12 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews methods of conceptualizing, measuring, and analyzing interdependent data in developmental and behavioral sciences. Quantitative and developmental experts describe best practices for modeling interdependent data that stem from interactions within families, relationships, and peer groups, for example. Complex models for analyzing longitudinal data, such as growth curves and time series, are also presented. Many contributors are innovators of the techniques and all are able to clearly explain the methodologies and their practical problems including issues of measurement, missing data, power and sample size, and the specific limitations of each method. Featuring a balance between analytic strategies and applications, the book addresses: The Actor-Partner Interdependence Model for analyzing influence between two individuals The Intraclass Correlational Approach for analyzing distinguishable roles (parent-child) or exchangeable (same-sex) dyadic data The Social Relations Model for analyzing group interdependency Social Network Analysis approaches for relationships between individuals This book is intended for graduate students and researchers across the developmental, social, behavioral, and educational sciences. It is an excellent research guide and a valuable resource for advanced methods courses.

Longitudinal Data Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences Using R

Author : Jeffrey D. Long
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1483341550
Total Pages : 569 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (833 download)

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Book Synopsis Longitudinal Data Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences Using R by : Jeffrey D. Long

Download or read book Longitudinal Data Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences Using R written by Jeffrey D. Long and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2011-10-31 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is unique in its focus on showing students in the behavioral sciences how to analyze longitudinal data using R software. The book focuses on application, making it practical and accessible to students in psychology, education, and related fields, who have a basic foundation in statistics. It provides explicit instructions in R computer programming throughout the book, showing students exactly how a specific analysis is carried out and how output is interpreted.

Applied Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences

Author : Christopher L. Aberson
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351695061
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (516 download)

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Book Synopsis Applied Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences by : Christopher L. Aberson

Download or read book Applied Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences written by Christopher L. Aberson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-01-24 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applied Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences is a practical "how-to" guide to conducting statistical power analyses for psychology and related fields. The book provides a guide to conducting analyses that is appropriate for researchers and students, including those with limited quantitative backgrounds. With practical use in mind, the text provides detailed coverage of topics such as how to estimate expected effect sizes and power analyses for complex designs. The topical coverage of the text, an applied approach, in-depth coverage of popular statistical procedures, and a focus on conducting analyses using R make the text a unique contribution to the power literature. To facilitate application and usability, the text includes ready-to-use R code developed for the text. An accompanying R package called pwr2ppl (available at https://github.com/chrisaberson/pwr2ppl) provides tools for conducting power analyses across each topic covered in the text.

Statistical Analysis of Longitudinal Categorical Data in the Social and Behavioral Sciences

Author : Alexander von Eye
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135671249
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Analysis of Longitudinal Categorical Data in the Social and Behavioral Sciences by : Alexander von Eye

Download or read book Statistical Analysis of Longitudinal Categorical Data in the Social and Behavioral Sciences written by Alexander von Eye and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-04-04 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive resource for analyzing a variety of categorical data, this book emphasizes the application of many recent advances of longitudinal categorical statistical methods. Each chapter provides basic methodology, helpful applications, examples using data from all fields of the social sciences, computer tutorials, and exercises. Written for social scientists and students, no advanced mathematical training is required. Step-by-step command files are given for both the CDAS and the SPSS software programs.

The Behaviour Change Wheel

Author : Susan Michie
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781912141005
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis The Behaviour Change Wheel by : Susan Michie

Download or read book The Behaviour Change Wheel written by Susan Michie and published by . This book was released on 2014-05 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designing Interventions' brings together theory-based tools developed in behavioural science to understand and change behaviour to form a step-by-step intervention design manual. This book is for anyone with an interest in changing behaviour regardless of whether they have a background in behavioural science.

Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences

Author : Jacob Cohen
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134800940
Total Pages : 735 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences by : Jacob Cohen

Download or read book Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences written by Jacob Cohen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 735 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This classic text on multiple regression is noted for its nonmathematical, applied, and data-analytic approach. Readers profit from its verbal-conceptual exposition and frequent use of examples. The applied emphasis provides clear illustrations of the principles and provides worked examples of the types of applications that are possible. Researchers learn how to specify regression models that directly address their research questions. An overview of the fundamental ideas of multiple regression and a review of bivariate correlation and regression and other elementary statistical concepts provide a strong foundation for understanding the rest of the text. The third edition features an increased emphasis on graphics and the use of confidence intervals and effect size measures, and an accompanying website with data for most of the numerical examples along with the computer code for SPSS, SAS, and SYSTAT, at www.psypress.com/9780805822236 . Applied Multiple Regression serves as both a textbook for graduate students and as a reference tool for researchers in psychology, education, health sciences, communications, business, sociology, political science, anthropology, and economics. An introductory knowledge of statistics is required. Self-standing chapters minimize the need for researchers to refer to previous chapters.

A Decadal Survey of the Social and Behavioral Sciences

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309487617
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis A Decadal Survey of the Social and Behavioral Sciences by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book A Decadal Survey of the Social and Behavioral Sciences written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-07-26 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary function of the intelligence analyst is to make sense of information about the world, but the way analysts do that work will look profoundly different a decade from now. Technological changes will bring both new advances in conducting analysis and new risks related to technologically based activities and communications around the world. Because these changes are virtually inevitable, the Intelligence Community will need to make sustained collaboration with researchers in the social and behavioral sciences (SBS) a key priority if it is to adapt to these changes in the most productive ways. A Decadal Survey Of The Social and Behavioral Sciences provides guidance for a 10-year research agenda. This report identifies key opportunities in SBS research for strengthening intelligence analysis and offers ideas for integrating the knowledge and perspectives of researchers from these fields into the planning and design of efforts to support intelligence analysis.