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What Invariant One Particle Multiplicity Distributions And Two Particle Correlations Are Telling Us About Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
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Book Synopsis What Invariant One-particle Multiplicity Distributions and Two-particle Correlations are Telling Us about Relativistic Heavy-ion Collisions by :
Download or read book What Invariant One-particle Multiplicity Distributions and Two-particle Correlations are Telling Us about Relativistic Heavy-ion Collisions written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors have used a nine-parameter expanding source model that includes special relativity, quantum statistics, resonance decays, and freeze-out on a realistic hypersurface in spacetime to analyze in detail invariant?, K+, and K− one-particle multiplicity distributions and?+ and?− two-particle correlations in nearly central collisions of Pb + Pb at p{sub lab}/A = 158 GeV/c. These studies confirm an earlier conclusion for nearly central collisions of Si + Au at p{sub lab}/A = 14.6 GeV/c that the freeze-out temperature is less than 100 meV and that both the longitudinal and transverse collective velocities -- which are anti-correlated with the temperature -- are substantial. The authors also reconciled their current results with those of previous analyses that yielded a much higher freeze-out temperature of approximately 140 meV for both Pb + Pb collisions at p{sub lab}/A = 158 GeV/c and other reactions. One type of analysis was based upon the use of a heuristic equation that neglects relativity to extrapolate slope parameters to zero particle mass. Another type of analysis utilized a thermal model in which there was an accumulation of effects from several approximations. The future should witness the arrival of much new data on invariant one-particle multiplicity distributions and two-particle correlations as functions of bombarding energy and/or size of the colliding nuclei. The proper analysis of these data in terms of a realistic model could yield accurate values for the density, temperature, collective velocity, size, and other properties of the expanding matter as it freezes out into a collection of noninteracting hadrons. A sharp discontinuity in the value of one or more of these properties could conceivably be the long-awaited signal for the formation of a quark-gluon plasma or other new physics.
Book Synopsis Advances in Nuclear Dynamics 4 by : Wolfgang Bauer
Download or read book Advances in Nuclear Dynamics 4 written by Wolfgang Bauer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the 14th Winter Workshop held in Snowbird, Utah, January 31-February 7, 1998
Book Synopsis Two-particle Correlations in Angular and Momentum Space in Heavy Ion Collisions at STAR by : Elizabeth Wingfield Oldag
Download or read book Two-particle Correlations in Angular and Momentum Space in Heavy Ion Collisions at STAR written by Elizabeth Wingfield Oldag and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For over a decade studies of the strong interaction in extremely dense nuclear environments have been done at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. It is hypothesized that colliding two beams of Au nuclei at relativistic speeds creates an environment of hot dense nuclear matter where the quarks and gluons inside the nucleus, which are normally confined within the protons and neutrons, become deconfined into a soup called the quark-gluon plasma. Since direct observation of this short-lived phase is impossible, many sophisticated analysis techniques attempt to study the early interactions via the final state particles. What has emerged from analyses of the data are two, contradictory paradigms for understanding the results. On the one hand the colliding quarks and gluons are thought to strongly interact and reach thermal equilibrium. The other view is that primary parton-parton scattering leads directly to jet fragmentation with little effect from re-scattering. It is in principle possible to distinguish and perhaps falsify one or both of these models of relativistic heavy ion collisions via the analysis of two-particle correlations among all charged particles produced in [mathematical symbols] = 200 GeV Au+Au collisions at the STAR experiment at RHIC. This dissertation presents studies of two-particle correlations, whose derivation can be traced back to Pearson's correlation coefficient, in transverse momentum and angular space. In momentum space a broad peak is observed extending from 0.5-4.0 GeV/c which, as a function of nuclear overlap, remains at a fixed position while monotonically increasing in amplitude. Comparisons to theoretical models suggests this peak is from jet fragmentation. In a complementary study the momentum distribution of correlations in ([eta],[phi]) space is investigated. The momentum distribution of correlated pairs that contribute to the peak near the origin, commonly associated with jet fragmentation, is peaked around 1.5 GeV/c and does not soften with increased centrality. These measurements present important aspects of the available six dimensional correlation space and provide definitive tests for theoretical models. Preliminary findings do not appear to support the hypothesis of a strongly interacting QGP where back-to-back jets are expected to be significantly suppressed.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Multiparticle Bose-Einstein Correlations in Ultra-relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions by :
Download or read book Analysis of Multiparticle Bose-Einstein Correlations in Ultra-relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We introduce the coalescence variables, a set of three boost-invariant kinematic quantities which may be used in analyzing n-particle correlations. These variables characterize the invariant mass of an n-particle and in three directions and separate the timelike and spacelike characteristics of the source. The analytic Kolehmanien-Gyulassy model is generalized to give two, three, and four-particle correlation functions, with coherence and Coulomb corrections applied to the basic formalism. We demonstrate the relation of the coalescence variables to be radius and duration of the source, and find that for sufficiently large transverse radii, Coulomb effects can suppress the structure of the Hanbury-Brown-Twiss correlations so that no significant information on source size can be obtained. 11 refs., 10 figs.
Book Synopsis Particle Correlations in Ultra Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions by : Sudhir Bhardwaj
Download or read book Particle Correlations in Ultra Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions written by Sudhir Bhardwaj and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-12 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum Chromodynamics calculations on the lattice predict that at extremely high energy densities, colliding nuclear matter would undergo a phase transition to deconfined matter of quarks and gluons. The nature of transition, the temperature and the energy density at which the transition occurs depend upon the details of calculations; these depend upon the number of quark flavors introduced in the calculation. This deconfined state of quark and gluons has been named Quark Gluon Plasma(QGP). This work purports to understand the azimuthal distribution of photons produced in Cu+Cu collisions at 200 GeV with Photon Multiplicity Detector (PMD). The PMD is part of the STAR (Solenoidal Tracker At RHIC) experiment.PMD covers a pseudorapidity range of -3.7 to -2.3 with full azimuthal coverage and measures the multiplicity and spatial distribution of photons on an event-by-event basis.The value of second order azimuthal coefficient has been determined for different centralities in different pseudorapidity windows and its pseudorapidity and centrality dependence has been obtained.
Book Synopsis Statistical Correlations in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions by : Silvio Petriconi
Download or read book Statistical Correlations in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions written by Silvio Petriconi and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Centrality Dependence of Two-particle Correlations in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions by : Youngsoo Park
Download or read book Centrality Dependence of Two-particle Correlations in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions written by Youngsoo Park and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Results on the centrality dependence of two-particle correlations in Au+Au collisions at ... 200GeV are presented. A particular focus is devoted to investigating any anomalous behavior in the centrality dependence of correlation functions, as previous results suggest existence of such tendencies around Npart [approx.] 50. Correlation functions are calculated for a wide kinematic region of ... from data obtained by the PHOBOS experiment at RHIC. The RHIC layout and the PHOBOS detector setup is discussed. Data acquisition method employed by the PHOBOS experiment, data processing procedures and event selection criteria are presented. The two-particle correlation function is defined and calculation procedures are described. Decomposition analysis is explained as the fit function and the constituting components are introduced. Analysis results for correlation functions and fits are presented. The results suggest that in the kinematic region covered by the analysis of this thesis, no anomalous trends in component behavior exists.
Book Synopsis Two-particle Correlations in Ultra Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions by : Michael Scott Daugherity
Download or read book Two-particle Correlations in Ultra Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions written by Michael Scott Daugherity and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Not Available.
Book Synopsis Three-pion Hanbury-Brown-Twiss Correlations in Relativistic Heavy-ion Collisions from the STAR Experiment by :
Download or read book Three-pion Hanbury-Brown-Twiss Correlations in Relativistic Heavy-ion Collisions from the STAR Experiment written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data from the first physics run at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory, Au+Au collisions at (square root)s{sub NN} = 130 GeV, have been analyzed by the STAR Collaboration using three-pion correlations with charged pions to study whether pions are emitted independently at freezeout. We have made a high-statistics measurement of the three-pion correlation function and calculated the normalized three-particle correlator to obtain a quantitative measurement of the degree of chaoticity of the pion source. It is found that the degree of chaoticity seems to increase with increasing particle multiplicity.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 710 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Relativistic Heavy-ion Collisions by : Rudolph C. Hwa
Download or read book Relativistic Heavy-ion Collisions written by Rudolph C. Hwa and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papers of the June 1989 meeting in Beijing by the China Center of Advanced Science and Technology. This small book covers nucleus- nucleus collisions, states of the vacuum, and highly relativistic heavy ions in the experimental realm. Theoretical papers deal with quark-gluon plasma, and relativistic heavy ion collisions. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author :Derrick S.F. Crothers Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :1461542758 Total Pages :313 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (615 download)
Book Synopsis Relativistic Heavy-Particle Collision Theory by : Derrick S.F. Crothers
Download or read book Relativistic Heavy-Particle Collision Theory written by Derrick S.F. Crothers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If a heavy particle ion (atom, molecule, muon) collides with another in the gas phase at speeds approaching the speed of light, the time-dependent Dirac equation equation must be used for its description, including quantum electro-dynamic, special relativity and magnetic coupling effects. In this book we study one electron in the variety of rearrangement collisions: radiative and non-radiative capture, ionization, capture by pair (one electron, one positron) production and antihydrogen production. Our relativistic continuum distorted-wave theory accounts extremely well for the simultaneous behaviour of the electron with respect to the nuclear charges of the projectile and the target. This is the first book developed in this subject. Containing many diagrams and tables, and fully referenced, it goes beyond chapters in previous books. The relativistic continuum distorted-wave theory developed by the authors group, is shown to be fully Hermitean. Detailed mathematics are provided in nine appendices.
Book Synopsis Studies of Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions at the AGS (E814 by :
Download or read book Studies of Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions at the AGS (E814 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Efforts have continued in the area of peripheral and central collisions of relativistic heavy ions. In the area of peripheral collisions, the analysis of the 1n and 2p decay channels has been completed. In the area of central collisions, the first measurement of the E[sub T] distributions in Au + Au collisions, through the use of the participant calorimeter, was completed, and the results were compared with those obtained in collisions with Si projectiles. In addition, a thorough study of two-particle correlation functions was carried out by use of the data from the silicon pad multiplicity detector. Differential cross sections for 14.6-GeV/c [sup 28]Si on Al, Cu, and Pb, and 11.4-GeV/c [sup 197]Au on Al, Cu, Au, and Pb are given. 32 figs., 4 tabs., 24 refs.
Book Synopsis Modeling Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions by : Sen Cheng
Download or read book Modeling Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions written by Sen Cheng and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High Energy Physics Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Studies of Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions at the AGS (E814/E877). Annual Progress Report, 1 May 1992--30 April 1993 by :
Download or read book Studies of Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions at the AGS (E814/E877). Annual Progress Report, 1 May 1992--30 April 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Efforts have continued in the area of peripheral and central collisions of relativistic heavy ions. In the area of peripheral collisions, the analysis of the 1n and 2p decay channels has been completed. In the area of central collisions, the first measurement of the E{sub T} distributions in Au + Au collisions, through the use of the participant calorimeter, was completed, and the results were compared with those obtained in collisions with Si projectiles. In addition, a thorough study of two-particle correlation functions was carried out by use of the data from the silicon pad multiplicity detector. Differential cross sections for 14.6-GeV/c 28Si on Al, Cu, and Pb, and 11.4-GeV/c 197Au on Al, Cu, Au, and Pb are given. 32 figs., 4 tabs., 24 refs.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions by : L. P. Csernai
Download or read book Introduction to Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions written by L. P. Csernai and published by . This book was released on 1994-05-10 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions László P. Csernai University of Bergen, Norway Written for postgraduates and advanced undergraduates in physics, this clear and concise work covers a wide range of subjects from intermediate to ultra-relativistic energies, thus providing an introductory overview of heavy ion physics. The reader is introduced to essential principles in heavy ion physics through a variety of questions, with answers, of varying difficulty. This timely text is based on a series of well received lectures given by Professor L. Csernai at the University of Minnesota, and the University of Bergen, where the author is based.
