Water Chlorine Residual

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Heterotrophic Plate Counts and Drinking-water Safety

Author : Jamie Bartram
Publisher : IWA Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781843390251
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Heterotrophic Plate Counts and Drinking-water Safety by : Jamie Bartram

Download or read book Heterotrophic Plate Counts and Drinking-water Safety written by Jamie Bartram and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2003-08-31 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heterotrophic Plate Counts and Drinking-water Safety provides a critical assessment of the role of the Heterotrophic Plate Count (HPC) measurement in drinking water quality management. It was developed from an Expert workshop of 32 scientists convened by the World Health Organization and the WHO/NSF International Collaborating Centre for Drinking Water Safety and Treatment in Geneva, Switzerland. Heterotrophs are organisms, including bacteria, yeasts and moulds, that require an external source of organic carbon for growth. The HPC test (or Standard Plate Count), applied in many variants, is the internationally accepted test for measuring the hetrotrophic microorganism population in drinking water, and also other media. It measures only a fraction of the microorganisms actually present and does not distinguish between pathogens and non-pathogens. High levels of microbial growth can affect the taste and odor of drinking water and may indicate the presence of nutrients and biofilms which could harbor pathogens, as well as the possibility that some event has interfered with the normal production of the drinking water. HPC counts also routinely increase in water that has been treated by an in-line device such as a carbon filter or softener, in water-dispensing devices and in bottled waters and indeed in all water that has suitable nutrients, does not have a residual disinfectant, and is kept under sufficient conditions. There is debate among health professionals as to the need, utility or quantitative basis for health-based standards or guidelines relating to HPC-measured regrowth in drinking water. The issues that were addressed in this work include: the relationship between HPC in drinking water (including that derived from in-line treatment systems, dispensers and bottled water) and health risks for the general public the role of HPC as an indirect indicator or index for pathogens of concern in drinking water the role of HPC in assessing the efficacy and proper functioning of water treatment and supply processes the relationship between HPC and the aesthetic acceptability of drinking water. Heterotrophic Plate Counts and Drinking-water Safety provides valuable information on the utility and the limitations of HPC data in the management and operation of piped water systems as well as other means of providing drinking water to the public. It is of particular value to piped public water suppliers and bottled water suppliers, manufacturers and users of water treatment and transmission equipment and inline treatment devices, water engineers, sanitary and clinical microbiologists, and national and local public health officials and regulators of drinking water quality.

Twort's Water Supply

Author : Malcolm J. Brandt
Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN 13 : 008100043X
Total Pages : 968 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Twort's Water Supply by : Malcolm J. Brandt

Download or read book Twort's Water Supply written by Malcolm J. Brandt and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2016-09-03 with total page 968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twort's Water Supply, Seventh Edition, has been expanded to provide the latest tools and techniques to meet engineering challenges over dwindling natural resources. Approximately 1.1 billion people in rural and peri-urban communities of developing countries do not have access to safe drinking water. The mortality from diarrhea-related diseases amounts to 2.2 million people each year from the consumption of unsafe water. This update reflects the latest WHO, European, UK, and US standards, including the European Water Framework Directive. The book also includes an expansion of waste and sludge disposal, including energy and sustainability, and new chapters on intakes, chemical storage, handling, and sampling. Written for both professionals and students, this book is essential reading for anyone working in water engineering. - Features expanded coverage of waste and sludge disposal to include energy use and sustainability - Includes a new chapter on intakes - Includes a new chapter on chemical storage and handling

Management of Legionella in Water Systems

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030949382X
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Management of Legionella in Water Systems by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Management of Legionella in Water Systems written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-02-20 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Legionnaires' disease, a pneumonia caused by the Legionella bacterium, is the leading cause of reported waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States. Legionella occur naturally in water from many different environmental sources, but grow rapidly in the warm, stagnant conditions that can be found in engineered water systems such as cooling towers, building plumbing, and hot tubs. Humans are primarily exposed to Legionella through inhalation of contaminated aerosols into the respiratory system. Legionnaires' disease can be fatal, with between 3 and 33 percent of Legionella infections leading to death, and studies show the incidence of Legionnaires' disease in the United States increased five-fold from 2000 to 2017. Management of Legionella in Water Systems reviews the state of science on Legionella contamination of water systems, specifically the ecology and diagnosis. This report explores the process of transmission via water systems, quantification, prevention and control, and policy and training issues that affect the incidence of Legionnaires' disease. It also analyzes existing knowledge gaps and recommends research priorities moving forward.

Industrial Water Treatment Process Technology

Author : Parimal Pal
Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN 13 : 0128103922
Total Pages : 615 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Industrial Water Treatment Process Technology by : Parimal Pal

Download or read book Industrial Water Treatment Process Technology written by Parimal Pal and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2017-03-31 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Industrial Water Treatment Process Technology begins with a brief overview of the challenges in water resource management, covering issues of plenty and scarcity-spatial variation, as well as water quality standards. In this book, the author includes a clear and rigorous exposition of the various water resource management approaches such as: separation and purification (end of discharge pipe), zero discharge approach (green process development), flow management approach, and preservation and control approach. This coverage is followed by deeper discussion of individual technologies and their applications. - Covers water treatment approaches including: separation and purification—end of discharge pipe; zero discharge approach; flow management approach; and preservation and control approach - Discusses water treatment process selection, trouble shooting, design, operation, and physico-chemical and treatment - Discusses industry-specific water treatment processes

Benefits of Maintaining a Chlorine Residual in Water Supply Systems

Author : Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Benefits of Maintaining a Chlorine Residual in Water Supply Systems by : Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory

Download or read book Benefits of Maintaining a Chlorine Residual in Water Supply Systems written by Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Water Chlorine (residual) No. 1

Author : Raymond J. Lishka
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 150 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Water Chlorine (residual) No. 1 by : Raymond J. Lishka

Download or read book Water Chlorine (residual) No. 1 written by Raymond J. Lishka and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Environmentally Benign Approaches for Pulp Bleaching

Author : Pratima Bajpai
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080457940
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmentally Benign Approaches for Pulp Bleaching by : Pratima Bajpai

Download or read book Environmentally Benign Approaches for Pulp Bleaching written by Pratima Bajpai and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-08-05 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pulp and paper production has increased globally and will continue to increase in the near future. Approximately 155 millions tons of wood pulp is produced worldwide and about 260 millions is projected for 2010. To cope with the increasing demand, an increase in production and improved environmental performance is needed as the industry is under constant pressure to reduce environmental emissions to air and water. This book gives updated information on environmentally benign approaches for pulp bleaching, which can help solve the problems associated with conventional bleaching technologies.* Main focus is on the environmentally friendly technologies that can help solve some of the problems associated with conventional bleaching technologies* Information given is up-to-date, authoritative and cites the experiences of many mills and pertinent research, which is of interest to those working in the industry or intending to do so* Covers in great depth all the aspects of various bleaching processes including environmental issues

Guide to Ship Sanitation 3rd Edition

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789240687936
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (879 download)

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Book Synopsis Guide to Ship Sanitation 3rd Edition by :

Download or read book Guide to Ship Sanitation 3rd Edition written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third edition of the Guide to Ship Sanitation presents the public health significance of ships in terms of disease and highlights the importance of applying appropriate control measures. It is intended to be a basis for the development of national approaches to controlling the hazards, providing a framework for policy-making and local decision-making. It may also be used as a reference for regulators, ship operators and ship builders as well as for assessing the potential health impact of projects involving the design of ships.

White's Handbook of Chlorination and Alternative Disinfectants

Author : Black & Veatch Corporation
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118210557
Total Pages : 1109 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (182 download)

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Book Synopsis White's Handbook of Chlorination and Alternative Disinfectants by : Black & Veatch Corporation

Download or read book White's Handbook of Chlorination and Alternative Disinfectants written by Black & Veatch Corporation and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-20 with total page 1109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New edition covers the latest practices, regulations, and alternative disinfectants Since the publication of the Fourth Edition of White's Handbook of Chlorination and Alternative Disinfectants more than ten years ago, the water industry has made substantial advances in their understanding and application of chlorine, hypochlorite, and alternative disinfectants for water and wastewater treatment. This Fifth Edition, with its extensive updates and revisions, reflects the current state of the science as well as the latest practices. Balancing theory with practice, the Fifth Edition covers such important topics as: Advances in the use of UV and ozone as disinfectants Alternative disinfectants such as chlorine dioxide, iodine, and bromine-related products Advanced oxidation processes for drinking water and wastewater treatment New developments and information for the production and handling of chlorine Latest regulations governing the use of different disinfectants For each disinfectant, the book explains its chemistry, effectiveness, dosing, equipment, and system design requirements. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of each disinfectant are clearly set forth. References at the end of each chapter guide readers to the primary literature for further investigation. Authored and reviewed by leading experts in the field of water and wastewater treatment, this Fifth Edition remains an ideal reference for utilities, regulators, engineers, and plant operators who need current information on the disinfection of potable water, wastewater, industrial water, and swimming pools.

Determination of Free Chlorine Residuals in Water

Author : T.E. Larson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Determination of Free Chlorine Residuals in Water by : T.E. Larson

Download or read book Determination of Free Chlorine Residuals in Water written by T.E. Larson and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Advances in Batteries for Medium and Large-Scale Energy Storage

Author : C Menictas
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1782420223
Total Pages : 635 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (824 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Batteries for Medium and Large-Scale Energy Storage by : C Menictas

Download or read book Advances in Batteries for Medium and Large-Scale Energy Storage written by C Menictas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-12-09 with total page 635 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As energy produced from renewable sources is increasingly integrated into the electricity grid, interest in energy storage technologies for grid stabilisation is growing. This book reviews advances in battery technologies and applications for medium and large-scale energy storage. Chapters address advances in nickel, sodium and lithium-based batteries. Other chapters review other emerging battery technologies such as metal-air batteries and flow batteries. The final section of the book discuses design considerations and applications of batteries in remote locations and for grid-scale storage. - Reviews advances in battery technologies and applications for medium and large-scale energy storage - Examines battery types, including zing-based, lithium-air and vanadium redox flow batteries - Analyses design issues and applications of these technologies

Handbook of Water and Wastewater Microbiology

Author : Duncan Mara
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080478190
Total Pages : 828 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Water and Wastewater Microbiology by : Duncan Mara

Download or read book Handbook of Water and Wastewater Microbiology written by Duncan Mara and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-08-07 with total page 828 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Access to safe water is a fundamental human need and therefore a basic human right" --Kofi Annan, United Nations Secretary General Edited by two world-renowned scientists in the field, The Handbook of Water and Wastewater Microbiology provides a definitive and comprehensive coverage of water and wastewater microbiology. With contributions from experts from around the world, this book gives a global perspective on the important issues faced in the provision of safe drinking water, the problems of dealing with aquatic pollution and the processes involved in wastewater management. Starting with an introductory chapter of basic microbiological principles, The Handbook of Water and Wastewater Microbiology develops these principles further, ensuring that this is the essential text for process engineers with little microbiological experience and specialist microbiologists alike. Comprehensive selection of reviews dealing with drinking water and aquatic pollution Provides an understading of basic microbiology and how it is applied to engineering process solutions Suitable for all levels of knowledge in microbiology -from those with no background to specialists who require the depth of information

Drinking Water Distribution Systems

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309133955
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Drinking Water Distribution Systems by : National Research Council

Download or read book Drinking Water Distribution Systems written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-12-22 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protecting and maintaining water distributions systems is crucial to ensuring high quality drinking water. Distribution systems-consisting of pipes, pumps, valves, storage tanks, reservoirs, meters, fittings, and other hydraulic appurtenances-carry drinking water from a centralized treatment plant or well supplies to consumers' taps. Spanning almost 1 million miles in the United States, distribution systems represent the vast majority of physical infrastructure for water supplies, and thus constitute the primary management challenge from both an operational and public health standpoint. Recent data on waterborne disease outbreaks suggest that distribution systems remain a source of contamination that has yet to be fully addressed. This report evaluates approaches for risk characterization and recent data, and it identifies a variety of strategies that could be considered to reduce the risks posed by water-quality deteriorating events in distribution systems. Particular attention is given to backflow events via cross connections, the potential for contamination of the distribution system during construction and repair activities, maintenance of storage facilities, and the role of premise plumbing in public health risk. The report also identifies advances in detection, monitoring and modeling, analytical methods, and research and development opportunities that will enable the water supply industry to further reduce risks associated with drinking water distribution systems.

Water Reuse

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309224624
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Water Reuse by : National Research Council

Download or read book Water Reuse written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-07-17 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expanding water reuse-the use of treated wastewater for beneficial purposes including irrigation, industrial uses, and drinking water augmentation-could significantly increase the nation's total available water resources. Water Reuse presents a portfolio of treatment options available to mitigate water quality issues in reclaimed water along with new analysis suggesting that the risk of exposure to certain microbial and chemical contaminants from drinking reclaimed water does not appear to be any higher than the risk experienced in at least some current drinking water treatment systems, and may be orders of magnitude lower. This report recommends adjustments to the federal regulatory framework that could enhance public health protection for both planned and unplanned (or de facto) reuse and increase public confidence in water reuse.

Mathematics Manual for Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operators

Author : Frank R. Spellman
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0203502663
Total Pages : 707 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Mathematics Manual for Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operators by : Frank R. Spellman

Download or read book Mathematics Manual for Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operators written by Frank R. Spellman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-03-23 with total page 707 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, self-contained mathematics reference, The Mathematics Manual for Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operators will be useful to operators of all levels of expertise and experience. The text is divided into three parts. Part 1 covers basic math, Part 2 covers applied math concepts, and Part 3 presents a comprehensive workbook with

Water Chlorination and Chloramination Practices and Principles, 2nd Ed. (M20)

Author : AWWA Staff
Publisher : American Water Works Association
ISBN 13 : 161300026X
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Water Chlorination and Chloramination Practices and Principles, 2nd Ed. (M20) by : AWWA Staff

Download or read book Water Chlorination and Chloramination Practices and Principles, 2nd Ed. (M20) written by AWWA Staff and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2011-01-12 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Essentials of Oil and Gas Utilities

Author : Alireza Bahadori
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0128030895
Total Pages : 595 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Essentials of Oil and Gas Utilities by : Alireza Bahadori

Download or read book Essentials of Oil and Gas Utilities written by Alireza Bahadori and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2016-02-03 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every oil and gas refinery or petrochemical plant requires sufficient utilities support in order to maintain a successful operation. A comprehensive utilities complex must exist to distribute feedstocks, discharge waste streams, and remains an integrated part of the refinery's infrastructure. Essentials of Oil and Gas Utilities explains these support systems and provides essential information on their essential requirements and process design. This guide includes water treatment plants, condensate recovery plants, high pressure steam boilers, induced draft cooling towers, instrumentation/plant air compressors, and units for a refinery fuel gas and oil systems. In addition, the book offers recommendations for equipment and flow line protection against temperature fluctuations and the proper preparation and storage of strong and dilute caustic solutions. Essentials of Oil and Gas Utilities is a go-to resource for engineers and refinery personnel who must consider utility system design parameters and associated processes for the successful operations of their plants. - Discusses gaseous and liquid fuel systems used to provide heat for power generation, steam production and process requirements - Provides a design guide for compressed air systems used to provide air to the various points of application in sufficient quantity and quality and with adequate pressure for efficient operation of air tools or other pneumatic devices. - Explains the water systems utilized in plant operations which include water treatment systems or raw water and plant water system; cooling water circuits for internal combustion engines, reciprocating compressors, inter- cooling and after-cooling facilities; and "Hot Oil" and "Tempered Water" systems