War Crimes Trials In The Wake Of Decolonization And Cold War In Asia 1945 1956

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War Crimes Trials in the Wake of Decolonization and Cold War in Asia, 1945-1956

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Author : Kerstin von Lingen
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319429876
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

Book Synopsis War Crimes Trials in the Wake of Decolonization and Cold War in Asia, 1945-1956 by : Kerstin von Lingen

Download or read book War Crimes Trials in the Wake of Decolonization and Cold War in Asia, 1945-1956 written by Kerstin von Lingen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-04 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates the political context and intentions behind the trialling of Japanese war criminals in the wake of World War Two. After the Second World War in Asia, the victorious Allies placed around 5,700 Japanese on trial for war crimes. Ostensibly crafted to bring perpetrators to justice, the trials intersected in complex ways with the great issues of the day. They were meant to finish off the business of World War Two and to consolidate United States hegemony over Japan in the Pacific, but they lost impetus as Japan morphed into an ally of the West in the Cold War. Embattled colonial powers used the trials to bolster their authority against nationalist revolutionaries, but they found the principles of international humanitarian law were sharply at odds with the inequalities embodied in colonialism. Within nationalist movements, local enmities often overshadowed the reckoning with Japan. And hovering over the trials was the critical question: just what was justice for the Japanese in a world where all sides had committed atrocities?

Debating Collaboration and Complicity in War Crimes Trials in Asia, 1945-1956

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Author : Kerstin von Lingen
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319531417
Total Pages : 185 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

Book Synopsis Debating Collaboration and Complicity in War Crimes Trials in Asia, 1945-1956 by : Kerstin von Lingen

Download or read book Debating Collaboration and Complicity in War Crimes Trials in Asia, 1945-1956 written by Kerstin von Lingen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-14 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This innovative volume examines the nexus between war crimes trials and the pursuit of collaborators in post-war Asia. Global standards of behaviour in time of war underpinned the prosecution of Japanese military personnel in Allied courts in Asia and the Pacific. Japan’s contradictory roles in the Second World War as brutal oppressor of conquered regions in Asia and as liberator of Asia from both Western colonialism and stultifying tradition set the stage for a tangled legal and political debate: just where did colonized and oppressed peoples owe their loyalties in time of war? And where did the balance of responsibility lie between individuals and nations? But global standards jostled uneasily with the pluralism of the Western colonial order in Asia, where legal rights depended on race and nationality. In the end, these limits led to profound dissatisfaction with the trials process, despite its vast scale and ambitious intentions, which has implications until today.

Transcultural Justice at the Tokyo Tribunal

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Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004361057
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)

Book Synopsis Transcultural Justice at the Tokyo Tribunal by :

Download or read book Transcultural Justice at the Tokyo Tribunal written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-03-06 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Tokyo Tribunal (1946-1948) tried Japanese leaders for war crimes committed during the Second World War, but behind the scenes, old legal traditions contended with new legal ethics and refigured cultural perceptions of how to bringing about justice.

Prisoners of the Empire

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Author : Sarah Kovner
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674250192
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (742 download)

Book Synopsis Prisoners of the Empire by : Sarah Kovner

Download or read book Prisoners of the Empire written by Sarah Kovner and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-15 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A pathbreaking account of World War II POW camps, challenging the longstanding belief that the Japanese Empire systematically mistreated Allied prisoners. In only five months, from the attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941 to the fall of Corregidor in May 1942, the Japanese Empire took prisoner more than 140,000 Allied servicemen and 130,000 civilians from a dozen different countries. From Manchuria to Java, Burma to New Guinea, the Japanese army hastily set up over seven hundred camps to imprison these unfortunates. In the chaos, 40 percent of American POWs did not survive. More Australians died in captivity than were killed in combat. Sarah Kovner offers the first portrait of detention in the Pacific theater that explains why so many suffered. She follows Allied servicemen in Singapore and the Philippines transported to Japan on “hellships” and singled out for hard labor, but also describes the experience of guards and camp commanders, who were completely unprepared for the task. Much of the worst treatment resulted from a lack of planning, poor training, and bureaucratic incoherence rather than an established policy of debasing and tormenting prisoners. The struggle of POWs tended to be greatest where Tokyo exercised the least control, and many were killed by Allied bombs and torpedoes rather than deliberate mistreatment. By going beyond the horrific accounts of captivity to actually explain why inmates were neglected and abused, Prisoners of the Empire contributes to ongoing debates over POW treatment across myriad war zones, even to the present day.

The Tokyo Tribunal: Perspectives on Law, History and Memory

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Author : Marina Aksenova
Publisher : Torkel Opsahl Academic EPublisher
ISBN 13 : 828348138X
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (834 download)

Book Synopsis The Tokyo Tribunal: Perspectives on Law, History and Memory by : Marina Aksenova

Download or read book The Tokyo Tribunal: Perspectives on Law, History and Memory written by Marina Aksenova and published by Torkel Opsahl Academic EPublisher. This book was released on 2020-10-27 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ‘International Military Tribunal for the Far East’ (IMTFE), held in Tokyo from May 1946 to November 1948, was a landmark event in the development of modern international criminal law. The trial in Tokyo was a complex undertaking and international effort to hold individuals accountable for core international crimes and delivering justice. The Tribunal consisted of 11 judges and respective national prosecution teams from 11 countries, and a mixed Japanese–American team of defence lawyers. The IMTFE indicted 28 Japanese defendants, amongst them former prime ministers, cabinet ministers, military leaders, and diplomats, based on a 55-count indictment pertaining to crimes against peace, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. The judgment was not unanimous, with one majority judgment, two concurring opinions, and three dissenting opinions. The trial and the outcome were the subject of significant controversy and the Tribunal’s files were subsequently shelved in the archives. While its counterpart in Europe, the ‘International Military Tribunal’ (IMT) at Nuremberg, has been at the centre of public and scholarly interest, the Tokyo Tribunal has more recently gained international scholarly attention. This volume combines perspectives from law, history, and the social sciences to discuss the legal, historical, political and cultural significance of the Tokyo Tribunal. The collection is based on an international conference marking the 70th anniversary of the judgment of the IMTFE, which was held in Nuremberg in 2018. The volume features reflections by eminent scholars and experts on the establishment and functioning of the Tribunal, procedural and substantive issues as well as receptions and repercussions of the trial.

The Geography of Injustice

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Author : Barak Kushner
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501774026
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

Book Synopsis The Geography of Injustice by : Barak Kushner

Download or read book The Geography of Injustice written by Barak Kushner and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2024-03-15 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Geography of Injustice, Barak Kushner argues that the war crimes tribunals in East Asia formed and cemented national divides that persist into the present day. In 1946 the Allies convened the Tokyo Trial to prosecute Japanese wartime atrocities and Japan's empire. At its conclusion one of the judges voiced dissent, claiming that the justice found at Tokyo was only "the sham employment of a legal process for the satisfaction of a thirst for revenge." War crimes tribunals, Kushner shows, allow for the history of the defeated to be heard. In contemporary East Asia a fierce battle between memory and history has consolidated political camps across this debate. The Tokyo Trial courtroom, as well as the thousands of other war crimes tribunals opened in about fifty venues across Asia, were legal stages where prosecution and defense curated facts and evidence to craft their story about World War Two. These narratives and counter narratives form the basis of postwar memory concerning Japan's imperial aims across the region. The archival record and the interpretation of court testimony together shape a competing set of histories for public consumption. The Geography of Injustice offers compelling evidence that despite the passage of seven decades since the end of the war, East Asia is more divided than united by history.

Historical Dictionary of World War II

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Author : Anne Sharp Wells
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538102560
Total Pages : 521 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

Book Synopsis Historical Dictionary of World War II by : Anne Sharp Wells

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of World War II written by Anne Sharp Wells and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2023-12-15 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historical Dictionary of World War II: The War Against Japan, Second Edition contains a chronology, an introduction, a bibliography, and more than 500 cross-referenced entries on the military, diplomatic, political, social, economic, and scientific aspects of the war, in addition to the lives of the people who participated in and directed the war.

The U.S. and the War in the Pacific, 1941–45

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Author : Sandra Wilson
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000528464
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

Book Synopsis The U.S. and the War in the Pacific, 1941–45 by : Sandra Wilson

Download or read book The U.S. and the War in the Pacific, 1941–45 written by Sandra Wilson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-01-26 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. and the War in the Pacific, 1941-45 analyzes the Pacific War with a focus on America’s participation in the conflict. Fought over a great ocean and vast battlefields using the most sophisticated weapons available, the Pacific War transformed the modern world. Not only did it introduce the atomic bomb to the world, it also reshaped relations among nations and the ways in which governments dealt with their own peoples, changed the balance of power in the Pacific in fundamental ways, and helped to spark nationalist movements throughout Asia. This book examines the strategies, technologies, intelligence capabilities, home-front mobilization, industrial production, and resources that ultimately enabled the United States and its allies to emerge victorious. Major themes include the impact of war, conceptions of race, Japanese perspectives on the conflict, and America’s relations with its allies. Using primary documents, maps, and concise writing, this book provides students with an accessible introduction to an important period in history. Incorporating recent scholarship and conflicting interpretations, the book provides an insightful overview of the topic for students of modern American history, World War II, and the Asia Pacific.

Nazi Crimes and Their Punishment, 1943-1950

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Author : Michael S. Bryant
Publisher : Hackett Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1624668631
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (246 download)

Book Synopsis Nazi Crimes and Their Punishment, 1943-1950 by : Michael S. Bryant

Download or read book Nazi Crimes and Their Punishment, 1943-1950 written by Michael S. Bryant and published by Hackett Publishing. This book was released on 2020-03-01 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “With this timely book in Hackett Publishing's Passages series, Michael Bryant presents a wide-ranging survey of the trials of Nazi war criminals in the wartime and immediate postwar period. Introduced by an extensive historical survey putting these proceedings into their international context, this volume makes the case, central to Hackett's collection for undergraduate courses, that these events constituted a 'key moment' that has influenced the course of history. Appended to Bryant's analysis is a substantial section of primary sources that should stimulate student discussion and raise questions that are pertinent to warfare and human rights abuses today.” —Michael R. Marrus, Chancellor Rose and Ray Wolfe Professor Emeritus of Holocaust Studies at the University of Toronto

Decolonization, Self-Determination, and the Rise of Global Human Rights Politics

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Author : A. Dirk Moses
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108805191
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (88 download)

Book Synopsis Decolonization, Self-Determination, and the Rise of Global Human Rights Politics by : A. Dirk Moses

Download or read book Decolonization, Self-Determination, and the Rise of Global Human Rights Politics written by A. Dirk Moses and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-07-16 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents the first global history of human rights politics in the age of decolonization. The conflict between independence movements and colonial powers shaped the global human rights order that emerged after the Second World War. It was also critical to the genesis of contemporary human rights organizations and humanitarian movements. Anti-colonial forces mobilized human rights and other rights language in their campaigns for self-determination. In response, European empires harnessed the new international politics of human rights for their own ends, claiming that their rule, with its promise of 'development,' was the authentic vehicle for realizing them. Ranging from the postwar partitions and the wars of independence to Indigenous rights activism and post-colonial memory, this volume offers new insights into the history and legacies of human rights, self-determination, and empire to the present day.

Judgment at Tokyo

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Author : Gary J. Bass
Publisher : Knopf
ISBN 13 : 110194711X
Total Pages : 913 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)

Book Synopsis Judgment at Tokyo by : Gary J. Bass

Download or read book Judgment at Tokyo written by Gary J. Bass and published by Knopf. This book was released on 2023-10-17 with total page 913 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NAMED A BEST BOOK OF THE YEAR BY THE NEW YORKER • THE NEW YORK TIMES BOOK REVIEW EDITORS’ CHOICE • A landmark, magisterial history of the trial of Japan’s leaders as war criminals—the largely overlooked Asian counterpart to Nuremberg “Nothing less than a masterpiece. With epic research and mesmerizing narrative power, Judgment at Tokyo has the makings of an instant classic.” —Evan Osnos, National Book Award–winning author of Age of Ambition: Chasing Fortune, Truth, and Faith in the New China In the weeks after Japan finally surrendered to the Allies to end World War II, the world turned to the question of how to move on from years of carnage and destruction. For Harry Truman, Douglas MacArthur, Chiang Kai-shek, and their fellow victors, the question of justice seemed clear: Japan’s militaristic leaders needed to be tried and punished for the surprise attack at Pearl Harbor; shocking atrocities against civilians in China, the Philippines, and elsewhere; and rampant abuses of prisoners of war in notorious incidents such as the Bataan death march. For the Allied powers, the trial was an opportunity to render judgment on their vanquished foes, but also to create a legal framework to prosecute war crimes and prohibit the use of aggressive war, building a more peaceful world under international law and American hegemony. For the Japanese leaders on trial, it was their chance to argue that their war had been waged to liberate Asia from Western imperialism and that the court was victors’ justice. For more than two years, lawyers for both sides presented their cases before a panel of clashing judges from China, India, the Philippines, and Australia, as well as the United States and European powers. The testimony ran from horrific accounts of brutality and the secret plans to attack Pearl Harbor to the Japanese military’s threats to subvert the government if it sued for peace. Yet rather than clarity and unanimity, the trial brought complexity, dissents, and divisions that provoke international discord between China, Japan, and Korea to this day. Those courtroom tensions and contradictions could also be seen playing out across Asia as the trial unfolded in the crucial early years of the Cold War, from China’s descent into civil war to Japan’s successful postwar democratic elections to India’s independence and partition. From the author of the acclaimed The Blood Telegram, which was a Pulitzer Prize finalist, this magnificent history is the product of a decade of research and writing. Judgment at Tokyo is a riveting story of wartime action, dramatic courtroom battles, and the epic formative years that set the stage for the Asian postwar era.

Routledge Handbook of Modern Japanese History

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Author : Sven Saaler
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317599039
Total Pages : 700 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

Book Synopsis Routledge Handbook of Modern Japanese History by : Sven Saaler

Download or read book Routledge Handbook of Modern Japanese History written by Sven Saaler and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-16 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of Modern Japanese History is a concise overview of modern Japanese history from the middle of the nineteenth century until the end of the twentieth century. Written by a group of international historians, each an authority in his or her field, the book covers modern Japanese history in an accessible yet comprehensive manner. The subjects featured in the book range from the development of the political system and matters of international relations, to social and economic history and gender issues, to post-war discussions about modern Japan’s historical trajectory and its wartime past. Divided into thematic parts, the sections include: Nation, empire and borders Ideologies and the political system Economy and society Historical legacies and memory Each chapter outlines important historiographical debates and controversies, summarizes the latest developments in the field, and identifies research topics that have not yet received sufficient scholarly attention. As such, the book will be useful to students and scholars of Japanese history, Asian history and Asian Studies.

Adapting International Criminal Justice in Southeast Asia

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Author : Emma Palmer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108483976
Total Pages : 349 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

Book Synopsis Adapting International Criminal Justice in Southeast Asia by : Emma Palmer

Download or read book Adapting International Criminal Justice in Southeast Asia written by Emma Palmer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-05-14 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analysis of debates and mechanisms of international criminal law in Cambodia, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Myanmar.

Bangladesh and International Law

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Author : Mohammad Shahabuddin
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000345262
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

Book Synopsis Bangladesh and International Law by : Mohammad Shahabuddin

Download or read book Bangladesh and International Law written by Mohammad Shahabuddin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-02-22 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first-ever comprehensive analysis of international law from Global South perspectives with specific reference to Bangladesh. The book not only sheds new light on classical international law concepts, such as statehood, citizenship, and self-determination, but also covers more current issues including Rohingya refugees, climate change, sustainable development, readymade garment workers and crimes against humanity. Written by area specialists, the book explores how international law shaped Bangladesh state practice over the last five decades; how Bangladesh in turn contributed to the development of international law; and the manner in which international law is also used as a hegemonic tool for marginalising less powerful countries like Bangladesh. By analysing stories of an ambivalent relationship between international law and post-colonial states, the book exposes the duality of international law as both a problem-solving tool and as a language of hegemony. Despite its focus on Bangladesh, the book deals with the more general problem of post-colonial states’ problematic relationship with international law and so will be of interest to students and scholars of international law in general, as well as those interested in the Global South and South Asia in particular.

Manchuria

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Author : Mark Gamsa
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1788317890
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (883 download)

Book Synopsis Manchuria by : Mark Gamsa

Download or read book Manchuria written by Mark Gamsa and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-02-06 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manchuria is a historical region, which roughly corresponds to Northeast China. The Manchu people, who established the last dynasty of Imperial China (the Qing, 1644–1911) originated there, and it has been the stage of turbulent events during the twentieth century: the Russo-Japanese war, Japanese occupation and establishment of the puppet state of Manchukuo, Soviet invasion, and Chinese civil war. This innovative and accessible historical survey both introduces Manchuria to students and general readers and contributes to the emerging regional perspective in the study of China.

Preparing for War: The Making of the 1949 Geneva Conventions

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Author : Boyd van Dijk
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192638394
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (926 download)

Book Synopsis Preparing for War: The Making of the 1949 Geneva Conventions by : Boyd van Dijk

Download or read book Preparing for War: The Making of the 1949 Geneva Conventions written by Boyd van Dijk and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-02-03 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1949 Geneva Conventions are the most important rules for armed conflict ever formulated. To this day they continue to shape contemporary debates about regulating warfare, but their history is often misunderstood. For most observers, the drafters behind these treaties were primarily motivated by liberal humanitarian principles and the shock of the atrocities of the Second World War. This book tells a different story, showing how the final text of the Conventions, far from being an unabashedly liberal blueprint, was the outcome of a series of political struggles among the drafters. It also concerned a great deal more than simply recognizing the shortcomings of international law revealed by the experience of war. To understand the politics and ideas of the Conventions' drafters is to see them less as passive characters responding to past events than as active protagonists trying to shape the future of warfare. In many different ways, they tried to define the contours of future battlefields by deciding who deserved protection and what counted as a legitimate target. Outlawing illegal conduct in wartime did as much to outline the concept of humanized war as to establish the legality of waging war itself. Through extensive archival research and critical legal methodologies, Preparing for War establishes that although they did not seek war, the Conventions' drafters prepared for it by means of weaving a new legal safety net in the event that their worst fear should materialize, a spectre still haunting us today.

The Dawn of a Discipline

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Author : édéric Mégret
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108488188
Total Pages : 443 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

Book Synopsis The Dawn of a Discipline by : édéric Mégret

Download or read book The Dawn of a Discipline written by édéric Mégret and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-24 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of international criminal justice told through the revealing stories of some of its primary intellectual figures.