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Author : J. W. Jansma
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (69 download)
Download or read book Volatilization of Pesticides from Soil and Plants After Spraying written by J. W. Jansma and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Saikat Ghosh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 191 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)
Download or read book Model Development and Validation of Pesticide Volatilization from Soil and Crop Surfaces Post Spraying During Agricultural Practices written by Saikat Ghosh and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pesticides volatilize from soil and plant surfaces to the atmosphere after spray applications in agricultural fields which can cause inhalational exposure to bystanders. It is important to quantify such volatilization with reasonable confidence for risk assessment of the inhalation exposure. A mechanistic model was developed here to simulate the underlying transport processes and deploy it as a standalone tool that a regulatory body can use to predict volatilization emissions of various pesticides for determination of inhalation exposure. The overall volatilization model includes a soil sub-model and a plant sub-model. The model accounts for the effect of meteorology, soil conditions, pesticide adsorption and volatilization. The soil model simultaneously resolves the soil profile of temperature, moisture, and pesticide concentrations to compute the time-dependent volatilization. The numerical model for soil treatment was in good agreement with an analytical solution at stagnant boundary conditions. The model performance of 14 pesticides against the analytical solution showed coefficient of determination (R2) values of 0.76 to 0.99 and index of agreement (IOA) values of 0.43 to 0.98. The soil model was also validated with observations at field conditions with variable meteorology. The time-dependent predicted volatilization compared well against measurements of two surface treated pesticides - metolachlor and triallate with R2 value of 0.4 and 0.7, respectively.
Author : Francis A. Gunther
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9781461584605
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (846 download)
Download or read book Residue Reviews/Rückstandsberichte written by Francis A. Gunther and published by Springer. This book was released on 1971-04-06 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: That residues of pesticide and other "foreign" chemicals in food stuffs are of concern to everyone everywhere is amply attested by the reception accorded previous volumes of "Residue Reviews" and by the gratifying enthusiasm, sincerity, and efforts shown by all the in dividuals from whom manuscripts have been solicited. Despite much propaganda to the contrary, there can never be any serious question that pest-control chemicals and food-additive chemicals are essential to adequate food production, manufacture, marketing, and storage, yet without continuing surveillance and intelligent control some of those that persist in our foodstuffs could at times conceivably endanger the public health. Ensuring safety-in-use of these many chemicals is a dynamic challenge, for established ones are continually being dis placed by newly developed ones more acceptable to food technologists, pharmacologists, taxicologists, and changing pest-control requirements in progressive food-producing economies. These matters are of genuine concern to increasing numbers of governmental agencies and legislative bodies around the world, for some of these chemicals have resulted in a few mishaps from improper use. Adequate safety-in-use evaluations of any of these chemicals per sisting into our foodstuffs are not simple matters, and they incorporate the considered judgments of many individuals highly trained in a variety of complex biological, chemical, food technological, medical, pharmacological, and toxicological disciplines.
Author : Walter J. Farmer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Volatilization Losses of Pesticides from Soils written by Walter J. Farmer and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309172942
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book The Future Role of Pesticides in US Agriculture written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-11-02 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although chemical pesticides safeguard crops and improve farm productivity, they are increasingly feared for their potentially dangerous residues and their effects on ecosystems. The Future Role of Pesticides explores the role of chemical pesticides in the decade ahead and identifies the most promising opportunities for increasing the benefits and reducing the risks of pesticide use. The committee recommends R&D, program, and policy initiatives for federal agriculture authorities and other stakeholders in the public and private sectors. This book presents clear overviews of key factors in chemical pesticide use, including: Advances in genetic engineering not only of pest-resistant crops but also of pests themselves. Problems in pesticide useâ€"concerns about the health of agricultural workers, the ability of pests to develop resistance, issues of public perception, and more. Impending shifts in agricultureâ€"globalization of the economy, biological "invasions" of organisms, rising sensitivity toward cross-border environmental issues, and other trends. With a model and working examples, this book offers guidance on how to assess various pest control strategies available to today's agriculturist.
Author : André Wolters
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 127 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (593 download)
Download or read book Pesticide Volatilization from Soil and Plant Surfaces written by André Wolters and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Paul Frederic Sanders
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (18 download)
Download or read book Pesticide Volatilization from Model Soil Pits and Evaporation Ponds written by Paul Frederic Sanders and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : D. Gottschild
Publisher : Council of Europe
ISBN 13 : 9789287127419
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (274 download)
Download or read book The Volatilization and Deposition of Plant Protection Products written by D. Gottschild and published by Council of Europe. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Dennis P. Hsieh
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0788172271
Total Pages : 87 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (881 download)
Download or read book Pesticides in Air written by Dennis P. Hsieh and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1998-10 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reports on the development of predictive tools for estimating post-application flux derived from correlations of pesticide physicochemical properties and measured flux. Addresses modeling volatilization flux (residues on soil surface, soil-incorporated residues, pesticide residues on plants and water), downwind concentrations based on estimated flux (treated foliage and treated water), uncertainty in estimated flux, outliers, effect of wind speed and temperature on evaporative flux (soil and plants surfaces), and other flux estimation methods (Eureka Labs. and Knudsen Effusion). References and literature review. Charts and tables.
Author : W. D. Guenzi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 592 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Pesticides in Soil and Water written by W. D. Guenzi and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pesticide-clay-water interactions; Pesticide organic matter interactions; Movement of pesticides in soil; Movement of pesticides in surface water; Volatilization of pesticides; nonbiological degradation of pesticides; Degradation of pesticides by soil microorganisms; Persistence of pesticides in soil; Effects of soil on the biological activity of pesticides; Plant uptake of insecticides, fungicides, and fumigants from soils; Effects of pesticides on microorganisms in soil and water; Effects of pesticides on nontarget invertebrates in freshwater and soil; Prevention and detoxification of pesticide residues in soil; Removal of organic pesticides from water to improve quality; Extraction and analytical techniques for pesticides in soil, sediment, and water.
Author : Harrie F.G. van Dijk
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 940171536X
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)
Download or read book Fate of Pesticides in the Atmosphere: Implications for Environmental Risk Assessment written by Harrie F.G. van Dijk and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global pesticide use is currently estimated at approximately 2. 5 billion kg per year (Pimentel eta/. , 1998). To be effective, pesticides need to persist for a certain period of time. However, the longer their persistence, the greater the potential for transport of a fraction of the amount applied away from the target area. Pesticides are dispersed in the environment by water currents, wind, or biota. Pesticides can directly contaminate ground and surface waters by leaching, surface run-off and drift. Pesticides can also enter the atmosphere during application by evaporation and drift of small spray droplets, that remain airborne. Following application, pesticides may volatilise from the crop or the soil. Finally, wind erosion can cause soil particles and dust loaded with pesticides to enter the atmosphere. The extent to which pesticides enter the air compartment is dependent upon many factors: the properties of the substance in question (e. g. vapour pressure), the amount used, the method of application, the formulation, the weather conditions (such as wind speed, temperature, humidity), the nature of the crop and soil characteristics. Measurements at application sites reveal that sometimes more than half of the amount applied is lost into the atmosphere within a few days (Spencer and Cliath, 1990; Taylor and Spencer; 1990; Van den Berg et a/. , this issue).
Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251091870
Total Pages : 37 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (51 download)
Download or read book International Code of Conduct on Pesticide Management written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The understanding that some pesticides are more hazardous than others is well established. Recognition of this is reflected by the World Health Organization (WHO) Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard, which was first published in 1975. The document classifies pesticides in one of five hazard classes according to their acute toxicity. In 2002, the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) was introduced, which in addition to acute toxicity also provides classification of chemicals according to their chronic health hazards and environmental hazards.
Author : Michael S. Majewski
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429526334
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)
Download or read book Pesticides in the Atmosphere written by Michael S. Majewski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-06-21 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most people know about the presence and health effects of pesticide residues in the water they drink. However, they may not realize the impact of atmospheric transportation and deposition of pesticides on water quality. Scientific studies of pesticides in various atmospheric matrices (air, rain, snow, aerosols, and fog) provide some of the answers.
Author : Laura Denise Clendening
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 482 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book A Field Mass Balance Study of Pesticide Volatilization, Leaching and Persistence written by Laura Denise Clendening and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jose L. Tadeo
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420007750
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Pesticides in Food and Environmental Samples written by Jose L. Tadeo and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-02-07 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developing safety regulations for pesticides used around the world—in excess of 2.5 million tons annually—requires reliable analytical methods for assessing their impact in food and in the environment. Analysis of Pesticides in Food and Environmental Samples presents the most effective techniques for analyzing pesticide residues and other chemical contaminants in foods as well as in soil, water, and air. Renowned Scientists Report New Data and Advances in the Field The book introduces sample preparation, extraction, and analytical methods specific to each sample type, including foods from vegetal and animal origin. Other chapters discuss important aspects of quality assurance and the applicability of hyphenated analytical techniques. In addition to a practical chapter on the use of biosensors and immunoassays for monitoring and gathering exposure data, the book addresses regulatory aspects and presents current data on the levels of pesticides found in food and environmental matrices. Latest Methods Help Scientists Develop Safer, More Effective Pesticides Analysis of Pesticides in Food and Environmental Samples enables scientists to measure and predict the behavior and toxicity of pesticides with a higher degree of accuracy. The methodologies and insight in this timely work will contribute to the development of more effective, less toxic pesticides as well as better safety regulations.
Author : Dimitrios Kontogiannatos
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1789238277
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (892 download)
Download or read book Pests, Weeds and Diseases in Agricultural Crop and Animal Husbandry Production written by Dimitrios Kontogiannatos and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-12-23 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights some of the most recent research with respect to emerging pest challenges in agricultural crop and animal husbandry production: analytical methods for glyphosate detection in foods, biopesticides and essential oils, environmental safety in pest control, herbicide and glyphosate resistance, herbicides and weed management, integrated pest management, mass spectrometry for insect physiology studies, pheromones and chemical communication, pasteurellosis outbreaks, and tick identification and management.
Author : Hwei-Hsien Cheng
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780891187912
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (879 download)
Download or read book Pesticides in the Soil Environment written by Hwei-Hsien Cheng and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pesticides in the soil environment - an overview. Pesticide sources to the soil and principles of spray physics. The retention processes: mechanisms. Sorption estimates for modeling. Abiotic transformations in water, sediments, and soil. Biological transformation processes of pesticides. Volatilization and vapor transport processes. Organic chemical transport to Groundwater. Movement of pesticides into surface waters. Modeling pesticide fate in soils. Efficacy of soil-applied pesticides. Impact of pesticides on the environment. Risk/benefit and regulations. Chemical index.
