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Author : Ronda Wisleder
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (812 download)
Download or read book Vigilance Performance as an Index of Attention written by Ronda Wisleder and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Carl M. Stroh
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483151107
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (831 download)
Download or read book Vigilance: The Problem of Sustained Attention written by Carl M. Stroh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-04-20 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vigilance: The Problem of Sustained Attention deals with vigilance and how the ability to sustain attention is influenced by certain definite conditions of the external and internal environment. Topics covered range from factors affecting vigilance performance to the physiological correlates of vigilance, theories of vigilance performance, and the relationship between arousal and vigilance performance. This volume is comprised of six chapters and begins with an overview of research on vigilance behavior, followed by a discussion on some of the factors affecting vigilance performance, including signal frequency and personality. Subsequent chapters explore physiological correlates of vigilance such as galvanic skin resistance and cortical evoked potentials; reinforcement theory, expectancy theory, and other theories of vigilance performance; and arousal theory and the phenomenon of time error. The final chapter considers some of the conditions that improve vigilance performance, along with the correlation between vigilance and arousal. This book will be of interest to psychologists.
Author : Robert Mackie
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468425293
Total Pages : 854 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Vigilance written by Robert Mackie and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the proceedings of a symposium held in St. Vincent, Italy, on August 3-6,1976, entitled "Vigilance II: Relationships Among Theory, Physiological Correlates, and Opera tional Performance." The symposium was sponsored jointly by the Human Factors Panel of the Scientific Affairs Division of NATO and by the Physiology Programs Office of the U.S. Office of Naval Research (Contract N00014-76-C-0722). These sponsorships, and the helpful assistance of Dr. Donald P. Woodward and Dr. John A. Nagay, are gratefully acknowledged. Following the editor's introduction, the papers appear in the order they were given at St. Vincent. In general they are grouped according to the main topical themes of the symposium: keynote ad dress, vehicle operation, monitoring and inspection, physiological correlates, stress effects, individual differences, and theoretical considerations. I must point out, however, that individual papers often overlapped several of these topical areas and thus no defini tive partitioning of the proceedings has been attempted. I wish to acknowledge the many contributions of my colleague, Dr. James O'Hanlon, to both the planning of the symposium and the preparation of the manuscript, and the invaluable role of my wife, Shirley Jean, in making the symposium such a pleasant one for all. In addition, I wish to recognize the countless contributions of Lynda Lee Chilton and Katherine Peimann whose performance in compos ing, typing, and proofing the manuscript is certainly a tribute to human vigilance, and endurance as well.
Author : David Roy Davies
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book The Psychology of Vigilance written by David Roy Davies and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jane F. Mackworth
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Vigilance and Attention written by Jane F. Mackworth and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Joel S. Warm
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Sustained Attention in Human Performance written by Joel S. Warm and published by . This book was released on 1984-12-12 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed and critical treatment of research in sustained attention or vigilance by specialists in each sub-area. Provides a thorough overview of the area with many suggestions for future research. Extensively reviews the difficult problems in real-world applications in areas such as quality control, air-traffic control, and nuclear power plant regulation. Includes an extensive bibliography.
Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123786118
Total Pages : 2626 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (237 download)
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Sleep written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-01-17 with total page 2626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a world of 24-hour media saturation, sleep has become an increasingly fraught enterprise. The award-winning four-volume Encyclopedia of Sleep, Four Volume Set is the largest reference, either online or in print, on the subject of sleep. Written to be useful for the novice and the established researcher and clinician, Topic areas will include sleep across the life cycle and in other species, sleep and women, sleep and the elderly, pediatric sleep, sleep deprivation and loss, sleep mechanisms, sleep physiology and pathophysiology, sleep disorders, neurobiology, chronobiology, pharmacology, and impact of other disorders on sleep. Recognizing the many fields that are connected to sleep science, the editorial team has been carefully chosen to do justice to this highly interdisciplinary field of study. The steady growth of researchers and clinicians in the sleep field attests to the continued interest in the scientific study of sleep and the management of patients with sleep disorders, and anyone involved in this exciting field should find this work to be an invaluable reference. 2013 PROSE Award winner for Multivolume Reference in Science from the Association of American Publishers Thoroughly interdisciplinary: looks at sleep throughout the life cycle, with exceptional coverage of basic sleep concepts, the physiology of sleep as well as sleep disorders of all descriptions Excellent coverage of sleep and special populations, covering the lifespan, as well as gender and ethnic differences, among others Chapters focusing on sleep disorders are grouped under the broad categories classified in the ICSD-2 for clear organization so that the reader can effectively access the steps involved in diagnosing and treating these disorders Online version is linked both within the encyclopedia (to related content) and to external sources (such as primary journal content) so that users have easy access to more detailed information if needed
Author : Addie Johnson
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 0761927611
Total Pages : 489 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (619 download)
Download or read book Attention written by Addie Johnson and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2004 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attention: Theory and Practice provides a balance between a readable overview of attention and an emphasis on how theories and paradigms for the study of attention have developed. The book highlights the important issues and major findings while giving sufficient details of experimental studies, models, and theories so that results and conclusions are easy to follow and evaluate. Rather than brushing over tricky technical details, the authors explain them clearly, giving readers the benefit of understanding the motivation for and techniques of the experiments in order to allow readers to think through results, models, and theories for themselves. Attention is an accessible text for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in psychology, as well as an important resource for researchers and practitioners interested in gaining an overview of the field of attention.
Author : Lauren E. Reinerman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (731 download)
Download or read book Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity and Stress Indices as Predictors of Cognitive Vigilance Performance written by Lauren E. Reinerman and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vigilance or sustained attention is a critical aspect of many jobs including air-traffic control, medical screening/monitoring, and detection of illicit radioactive material at seaports and border crossings. An extensive review by Reinerman (2006) concluded that traditional approaches to personnel selection encompassing sensory acuity, aptitude, sex, age, and personality measures for tasks requiring sustained attention have been ineffective. The present study utilized the methodology from Reinerman et al. (2006), which attacked the selection issue using responses to a brief 10-min screening battery involving high workload tracking, verbal working-memory, and line discrimination tasks to predict performance on a subsequent sensory vigilance task. Two predictors of interest were cerebral blood flow velocity, measured via transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (Warm and Parasuraman, 2007) and subjective state, as indexed by the Dundee Stress State Questionnaire (Matthews et al; 2002). The present vigilance task was a letter transformation working-memory task and was composed of four consecutive 9-min periods. Such cognitive vigilance tasks require different information-processing components and responses than those of sensory tasks. The aim for the present study was to generalize the findings of Reinerman et al. (2006) to that of cognitive vigilance. Multiple regression (R = .577) indicated that higher levels of CBFV in the left and right hemispheres and higher post-battery task engagement scores on the DSSQ during performance of the screening battery predicted perceptual sensitivity (A') during the final period of watch when performance deficiencies are most likely to occur. Predictions from a correlation of this magnitude, which accounts for 28.1 percent of the variance when adjusted for shrinkage, can lead to an increase in job success rate of 40 to 60 percent (Rosenthal and Rubin, 1982). These findings were interpreted theoretically in light of a resource-workload model of vigilance (Davies and Parasuraman, 1982).
Author : David Roy Davies
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Human Vigilance Performance written by David Roy Davies and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Michelle Elizabeth Stepan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781392503737
Total Pages : 134 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (37 download)
Download or read book Testing the Role of Vigilant Attention as a Mediating Process for Cognitive Deficits Due to Sleep Deprivation written by Michelle Elizabeth Stepan and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sleep deprivation impairs lower-level cognition such as vigilant attention. However, the effect of sleep deprivation on higher-order cognition, such as problem solving or working memory, is not well understood. One prominent theory, referred to as the attention-mediated theory, posits that deficits in higher-order cognition can be entirely attributable to deficits in vigilant attention, as attention is a global process required for nearly all cognitive tasks. Across four of the largest sleep deprivation studies ever conducted, we investigated the effect of sleep deprivation on vigilant attention and a broadly relevant component of higher-order cognition called placekeeping. Placekeeping is important for problem solving and linear thinking, even more so than working memory capacity. In the evening, participants completed UNRAVEL, a measure of placekeeping ability and memory maintenance, and the Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT), a standard measure of vigilant attention, as a baseline assessment of performance. Participants were then randomly assigned to sleep at home for the night or to remain awake in the laboratory overnight. In the morning, all participants completed UNRAVEL and PVT again. In Experiment 1, we show that vigilant attention cannot fully account for deficits in placekeeping or memory maintenance after sleep deprivation. In Experiment 2, we show that the ability to manage proactive interference, a potentially important process of memory maintenance, did not show a significant deficit due to sleep deprivation. Experiments 3 and 4 investigate two interventions, caffeine and brief naps, and the extent to which they mitigate cognitive deficits due to sleep deprivation. Caffeine selectively benefitted vigilant attention but had no effect on placekeeping for the majority of participants. A brief nap during a period of sleep deprivation did not enhance vigilant attention or placekeeping performance; however, different aspects of sleep architecture during the naps were related to performance on the two tasks. Collectively, findings across the four studies do not support the attention-mediated theory; vigilant attention does not completely underlie deficits in placekeeping or memory maintenance after sleep deprivation. Instead, sleep deprivation appears to directly impair placekeeping and memory maintenance and may cause domain-specific deficits to cognition.
Author : Ronald A. Cohen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 038772639X
Total Pages : 992 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (877 download)
Download or read book The Neuropsychology of Attention written by Ronald A. Cohen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-11 with total page 992 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been 15 years since the original publication of Neuropsychology of Attention. At the time of its publication, attention was a construct that had long been of theoretical interest in the field of psychology and was receiving increased research by cognitive scientists. Yet, attention was typically viewed as a nuisance variable; a factor that needed to be accounted for when assessing brain function, but of limited importance in its own right. There is a need for a new edition of this book within Neuropsychology to present an updated and integrated review of what is know about attention, the disorders that affect it, and approaches to its clinical assessment and treatment. Such a book will provide perspectives for experimental neuropsychological study of attention and also provide clinicians with insights on how to approach this neuropsychological domain.
Author : HOBSON
Publisher : Birkhäuser
ISBN 13 : 1489967710
Total Pages : 141 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)
Download or read book States of Brain and Mind written by HOBSON and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2013-12-19 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Raja Parasuraman
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 135146504X
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (514 download)
Download or read book Automation and Human Performance written by Raja Parasuraman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-01-29 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is perhaps no facet of modern society where the influence of computer automation has not been felt. Flight management systems for pilots, diagnostic and surgical aids for physicians, navigational displays for drivers, and decision-aiding systems for air-traffic controllers, represent only a few of the numerous domains in which powerful new automation technologies have been introduced. The benefits that have been reaped from this technological revolution have been many. At the same time, automation has not always worked as planned by designers, and many problems have arisen--from minor inefficiencies of operation to large-scale, catastrophic accidents. Understanding how humans interact with automation is vital for the successful design of new automated systems that are both safe and efficient. The influence of automation technology on human performance has often been investigated in a fragmentary, isolated manner, with investigators conducting disconnected studies in different domains. There has been little contact between these endeavors, although principles gleaned from one domain may have implications for another. Also, with a few exceptions, the research has tended to be empirical and only theory-driven. In recent years, however, various groups of investigators have begun to examine human performance in automated systems in general and to develop theories of human interaction with automation technology. This book presents the current theories and assesses the impact of automation on different aspects of human performance. Both basic and applied research is presented to highlight the general principles of human-computer interaction in several domains where automation technologies are widely implemented. The major premise is that a broad-based, theory-driven approach will have significant implications for the effective design of both current and future automation technologies. This volume will be of considerable value to researchers in human
Author : Robert R. Hoffman
Publisher : Amer Psychological Assn
ISBN 13 : 9781557984746
Total Pages : 704 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (847 download)
Download or read book Viewing Psychology as a Whole written by Robert R. Hoffman and published by Amer Psychological Assn. This book was released on 1998-01 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection in honour of William N. Dember provides a view of psychology as an integrated discipline instead of an ensemble of subspecialties. Dember's wide-ranging contributions to perception, attention, motivation and personality theory are rooted in the belief that, methodologically and conceptually, the whole of psychology is greater than the sum of its parts.
Author : Michael I. Posner
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317246411
Total Pages : 785 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)
Download or read book Attention and Performance XI written by Michael I. Posner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-09-19 with total page 785 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1985, this volume presents the proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Attention and Performance. With few exceptions, the central emphasis in previous meetings of the Attention and Performance Association was on the information-processing approach to normal human cognition. This emphasis had been supplemented, on occasion, by studies employing EEG methods, but there had not been systematic attempts to relate the information-processing approach to work in the neurosciences. This volume seeks to emphasize the search for mechanism with such methods of approach as the following: anatomical, physiological, neuropsychological, behavioral, and computational. The editors believed that this was in accord with recent developing trends in cognition and particularly with developments in the study of attention at the time.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (495 download)
Download or read book Closed-Loop Attention Management: Using Augmented Cognition to Sustain Vigilance written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vigilance tasks, from driving to surveillance to security remain important and frequent tasks for the US Army. Yet the difficulty users have sustaining vigilance is well known. Augmented cognition offers new methods for supporting sustained vigilance via a closed-loop attention management system (CLAM). A CLAM system monitors operators? psychophysiology for signs of inattention and then triggers a countermeasure to rouse operators and help them sustain vigilance and good task performance. Here, we report an evaluation of a complete closed-loop system composed of a combination of eye, head, and EEG measures and a novel countermeasure composed of a cognitively demanding secondary task. In order to evaluate the CLAM system, the secondary task was triggered either when inattention was detected (CLAM) or at random intervals throughout a 40 minute vigilance task. While participants in both conditions demonstrated a vigilance decrement, as measured by an increase in misses over the course of the session, the CLAM condition produced 17% fewer misses overall than the random condition. These results indicate successful real-time detection of inattention and an effective countermeasure for rousing participants and sustaining vigilance and task performance. The results inform our understanding of how human vigilance operates and the technology for its detection and manipulation.
