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Using Direct Measurements Of Submarine Groundwater Discharge To Investigate The Coupling Between Surface And Pore Waters
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Book Synopsis Using Direct Measurements of Submarine Groundwater Discharge to Investigate the Coupling Between Surface and Pore Waters by :
Download or read book Using Direct Measurements of Submarine Groundwater Discharge to Investigate the Coupling Between Surface and Pore Waters written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using direct measurements of submarine groundwater discharge to investigate the coupling between surface and pore waters.
Book Synopsis Using Direct Measurments of Submarine Groundwater Discharge to Investigate the Coupling Between Surface and Pore Waters by :
Download or read book Using Direct Measurments of Submarine Groundwater Discharge to Investigate the Coupling Between Surface and Pore Waters written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Role of Submarine Groundwater Discharge as Material Source to the Baltic Sea by : Beata Szymczycha
Download or read book The Role of Submarine Groundwater Discharge as Material Source to the Baltic Sea written by Beata Szymczycha and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-27 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a review of experimental methods and presents the worldwide newest literature regarding chemical substances fluxes via submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). Thus, the book characterizes both the distribution of chemicals in groundwater impacted areas in the Baltic Sea and their fluxes via SGD to the Baltic Sea. This book presents the state of art regarding the SGD and detailed studies on SGD characterization in the Baltic Sea. The Baltic Sea is an example of a region highly influenced by a variety of human activities that affect the ecosystem. It is shown that SGD has been proven to be one of the important sources introducing dissolved substances into the Baltic Sea. The loads of chemical substances delivered to the Baltic sea with SGD have not been quantified so far.
Book Synopsis Submarine Groundwater Discharge: Impacts on Coastal Ecosystem by Hidden Water and Dissolved Materials by : Makoto Taniguchi
Download or read book Submarine Groundwater Discharge: Impacts on Coastal Ecosystem by Hidden Water and Dissolved Materials written by Makoto Taniguchi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-03-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Submarine Groundwater Discharge and Groundwater Quality Using a Novel Coupled Approach by : John H. Ellis
Download or read book Evaluation of Submarine Groundwater Discharge and Groundwater Quality Using a Novel Coupled Approach written by John H. Ellis and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been recognized that submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) may be one of the principal pathways for delivering nutrients to surface water bodies, resulting in eutrophication of many nearshore coastal areas throughout the world. A one-year study of the coastal aquifer system (A1, A2, A3-Aquifers) of Gulf Shores, Alabama was conducted to assess SGD fluxes, characterize contaminant and nutrient transport through the aquifer system, and determine the availability of future aquifer resources. A three-dimensional density-dependent groundwater flow and transport model (SEAWAT), based on the coupling of MOFLOW and MT3DMS, was used to simulate the transport of nitrate and sulfate through the groundwater system to the coast. The model was refined and calibrated using independently determined field-based radon (222Rn, t1/2=3.82 d) isotopic tracer time-series surveys across a portion of the model area to enhance estimates of nearshore SGD. Two SGD approaches, integrated with 222Rn-determined seepage rates, were developed to determine (1) localized; and (2) entire-shoreline SGD. Thirty-two groundwater wells within the study area were sampled to constrain the groundwater 222Rn end-member in the model and characterize the extent of nutrient contamination. The ArcGIS database was used to spatially plot and interpret nutrient and 222Rn data, and generate iso-concentration maps detailing groundwater contamination and aquifer piezometric surfaces across the study area. Radon concentrations measured in groundwater from the shallow A1 and deeper A2 Aquifers were statistically identical, an indication that there is direct connection between the two systems. Elevated nitrate and sulfate concentration (up to 30 mg/L and 724 mg/L, respectively) were observed through active monitoring with zones of principal discharge identified in the lower A2 Aquifer. A groundwater seepage rate of 18.3 cm/day, calculated through the radon mass-balance model at a model area lake, was used to calibrate the numerical model surficial aquifer zone. Final shoreline seepage fluxes of 6.41 and 8.62 cm/day were determined from the results of both the multi-cell and shoreface numerical model simulation SGD approaches, respectively. The results of the two numerical SGD methods demonstrate good agreement with the 222Rn-derived methods, and provided an effective approximation technique that can be inexpensively duplicated in other similar shoreline areas.
Book Synopsis Use of an Oxygen-regulated Ultrasonic Seepage Meter for Direct Measurement of the Physics and Chemistry of Submarine Groundwater Discharge by : Thomas Wallace Brooks (III)
Download or read book Use of an Oxygen-regulated Ultrasonic Seepage Meter for Direct Measurement of the Physics and Chemistry of Submarine Groundwater Discharge written by Thomas Wallace Brooks (III) and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An oxygen-and-light-regulated seepage meter (RSM) was developed to directly measure fluxes of redox-sensitive elements and compounds across the sediment-water interface in estuaries and other water bodies. Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is measured manually by the bag-method, or in high temporal (1 s) resolution by an ultrasonic flow sensor. Results from field tests in Guinea Creek, Rehoboth Bay, DE indicate the RSM can effectively maintain ambient estuarine redox and light conditions, and accurately measure chemical fluxes across the sediment-water interface. By calculating an endmember-based advective chemical flux from the aquifer, the biogeochemical flux of an element or compound to or from the estuarine sediments due to biogeochemical processing can be calculated. During three seepage meter deployments in June and August, simultaneous recharge of brackish surface water and discharge of fresh or nearly fresh groundwater was measured during higher stages of the tide against upward groundwater advection. Mechanisms including (sub)tidal pumping, convection, and bioirrigation could be possible explanations for the observed exchange.
Book Synopsis Field Techniques for Estimating Water Fluxes Between Surface Water and Ground Water by : Donald O. Rosenberry
Download or read book Field Techniques for Estimating Water Fluxes Between Surface Water and Ground Water written by Donald O. Rosenberry and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-06-16 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in the use and development of our Nation's surface - and ground-water resources has increased significantly during the past 50 years. This work discusses field techniques for estimating water fluxes.
Book Synopsis Quantifying Groundwater Discharge to Texas Coastal Bend Estuaries by :
Download or read book Quantifying Groundwater Discharge to Texas Coastal Bend Estuaries written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Geophysical and Thermal Methods for Detecting Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD) in the Suwannee River Estuary, Florida by : Matthew Weiss
Download or read book Evaluation of Geophysical and Thermal Methods for Detecting Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD) in the Suwannee River Estuary, Florida written by Matthew Weiss and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) represents a significant portion of the total discharge from coastal aquifers through diffuse seepage and point source springs, but can be difficult to locate. SGD is important as it can be a source of nutrients to estuaries and other coastal ecosystems. In an effort to evaluate geophysical and thermal methods for detecting SGD on the Florida Gulf coast, a suite of water-borne surveys were run in conjunction with aerial thermal imagery over the lower Suwannee River and estuary in March and September 2005. Thermal imagery exploits temperature differences between discharging groundwater and surface water. Thermal images were collected in March (dry season), at the end of winter, and at night to maximize the differences between warm groundwater and colder surface water. Generally pore waters in zones of concentrated SGD should be fresher, and hence more resistive than "background" values. Marine streaming resistivity data can detect pore water resistivity variations and were collected alongside continuous 222Rn and CH4 sampling from surface waters. Naturally occurring tracers, 222Rn and CH4, are used as the "standard" against which resistivity and thermal images are compared. Based on the expected properties of discharging groundwater, we hypothesize that in zones of elected tracer concentrations, increased thermal image temperatures and increased terrain resistivities will be observed. The data set as a whole supports this hypothesis. However, regional-scale correlations are clearly and significantly influenced by factors other than SGD including thermal-image noise, the presence of the fresh/salt water interface, and a large regional tracer gradient generated by a first-order spring. At local scales (tens to hundreds of meters) there are no significant correlations between thermal image temperature and tracer concentrations, due at least in part to flight-line edge effects that dominate the thermal imagery. After correcting for regional trends, significant correlations between tracer concentration and log resistivity exist only in a subset of the data that lies offshore. Because neither thermal imagery nor streaming resistivity data consistently support the hypotheses, this study suggests that neither method by itself is reliable for detecting SGD in this area.
Book Synopsis Environmental Isotopes in Hydrogeology by : Ian D. Clark
Download or read book Environmental Isotopes in Hydrogeology written by Ian D. Clark and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-11-20 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundwater is an increasingly important resource to human populations around the world, and the study and protection of groundwater is an essential part of hydrogeology - the subset of hydrology that concentrates on the subsurface. Environmental isotopes, naturally occurring nuclides in water and solutes, have become fundamental tools for tracing
Book Synopsis Submarine Groundwater by : Igor S. Zektser
Download or read book Submarine Groundwater written by Igor S. Zektser and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-09-29 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable management of water resources is quickly increasing in importance on a global scale. An important piece of the puzzle is the characterization of marine water and determining its importance to geochemical budgets. To do this, submarine groundwater discharges must be carefully studied. Comprehensively exploring the subject, Submarine G
Book Synopsis The Design and Testing of a Procedure to Locate Fresh Submarine Groundwater Discharge in Cyprus by : Kathryn M. Olesnavage
Download or read book The Design and Testing of a Procedure to Locate Fresh Submarine Groundwater Discharge in Cyprus written by Kathryn M. Olesnavage and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this collaborative project between Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Cyprus Institute was to develop an experimental procedure for identifying fresh submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) in Cyprus. SGD is a flow of water from coastal aquifers into the ocean driven by a hydraulic gradient and other forces. Understanding SGD is crucial for informed groundwater management. In some cases, SGD creates submarine springs which can be tapped to provide supplementary freshwater. This is particularly enticing for countries such as Cyprus, where energy- and cost-intensive desalination plants are necessary to meet freshwater demand. A preliminary protocol for locating SGD was developed based on a review of literature and interviews with experts. The protocol was tailored to suit resources available in Cyprus. Because groundwater temperature typically deviates from ocean water, an infrared camera mounted on a manned aircraft was used to obtain an ocean surface temperature map. Areas exhibiting temperature anomalies were revisited by boat to measure salinity in situ using a conductivity, temperature and depth sensor (CTD). This protocol was tested in Chrysochou Bay, selected based on relatively high estimates of SGD from published water mass balances as well as recommendations from local fishermen. The designed method proved effective; areas of anomalous salinities and temperatures were found. However the protocol can be improved based on experience gained through this study. Manned aircrafts are unfit for a large-scale study due to high costs, flight restrictions, and lack of appropriate navigational equipment on accessible vehicles. Unmanned aerial vehicles are more suitable for a full-scale study. Additionally, obtaining a salinity profile by a series of point measurements, as with the CTD, is time-consuming. A towed resistivity array would provide similar salinity profiles in a fraction of the time. A thorough investigation of SGD is planned in Cyprus in the spring, when SGD is highest. This paper presents a recommended procedure for the spring investigation based on the results of this study.
Book Synopsis Submarine Groundwater Discharge by :
Download or read book Submarine Groundwater Discharge written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Estimation of Submarine Groundwater Discharge Into Tolo Harbour by : Kiu-Chung Tse
Download or read book Estimation of Submarine Groundwater Discharge Into Tolo Harbour written by Kiu-Chung Tse and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Estimation of Submarine Groundwater Discharge Into Tolo Harbour" by Kiu-chung, Tse, 謝喬中, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled ESTIMATION OF SUBMARINE GROUNDWATER DISCHARGE INTO TOLO HARBOUR Submitted by KIU CHUNG TSE for the degree of Master of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in August 2006 The ecological impact of algal blooms in Tolo Harbour has received much attention. Nutrients such as N, P and Si are consented to be the limiting factors for algal blooms. This study aims to quantify the submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) flux discharging to Tolo Harbour and ultimately, to assess the ecological consequence of nutrient input through this underground route. SGD is assessed by radium isotopes and radon in this study. In 2005, seawater samples were collected for radium isotopic analysis in March and October, while a site in Plover Cove was selected for radon analysis in July 222 during the neap tide and spring tide periods. Temporal distributions of Rn 224 and Ra show an inverse relationship with the tidal height, which are 224 believed to reflect the tidal effects on SGD. Spatial distribution of Ra shows a prominent decreasing trend with distance offshore except for a site in Sha Tin Hoi, where SGD as the form of submarine groundwater spring is 224 suspected to exist at the bifurcation of two faults. Enrichment of Ra nearshore was speculated to be attributed to rivers and SGD. Based on the 224 Ra data, the residence time of radium in Tolo Harbour was estimated to be 46 days. Direct measurement by seepage meter in Plover Cove gives an average value of 0.08 m/day, which is very consistent with the SGD flux estimated by 222 Rn with SGD fluid represented by groundwater sample from Chim Uk private well (0.06 m/day). For a seepage area of 200 m x 3000 m in Plover 4 3 Cove, the volumetric SGD would be 3.6-4.8 x 10 m /day. In the Ra isotopes 4 3 approach, the volumetric SGD were estimated to be 6.87 x 10 m /day for 5 3 March and 1.53 x 10 m /day for October. Approximate estimate from water balance calculation places the value of terrestrial groundwater discharge to be 4 3 3.56 x 10 m /day. Nutrients in groundwater around Tolo Harbour were measured. Estimates of nutrient loading through the pathway of SGD ranged from 0 to 29.1 kg/day for nitrite, 32 to 2326 kg/day for nitrate and 0 to 71.9 kg/day for phosphate. 226 228 Limitations of this study mainly come from Ra and Ra data in which standards were not available for calibration. In radon analysis, there are two 222 abnormal Rn values which remain unexplainable. Also, the technique to install the seepage meter is still subject to improve. On the other hand, groundwater data are too sparse to represent the SGD fluid reasonably. Despite of the limitations, nutrient loading on Tolo Harbour through the pathway of SGD is doubtless significant. Unfortunately groundwater quality has been overlooked by the government in the management of red tides in Hong Kong. Based on the result from this study, the current practice for the management of red tides in Hong Kong has to be reviewed and the control measures of groundwater contamination are obviously required. DOI: 10.5353/th_b3823092 Subjects: Groundwater disposal in rivers, lakes, etc - China - Hong Kong Groundwater ecology - China - Hong Kong Groundwater disposal in rivers, lakes, etc - Tolo Harbour Groundwater ecology - Tolo Harbour
Book Synopsis Identification of Submarine Groundwater Discharge Along the Coast of Santa Catalina Island, California by : Michelle Baroldi
Download or read book Identification of Submarine Groundwater Discharge Along the Coast of Santa Catalina Island, California written by Michelle Baroldi and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate multiple methods used to locate and identify sources of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) along the coastline of Santa Catalina Island (Catalina) in Los Angeles, California. The driving hypothesis is that SGD may be identified by higher temperature/lower salinity plumes. To test this hypothesis, temperature and conductivity measurements were made along the shoreline of Catalina and compared with previously collected airborne thermal infrared images. In some locations where potential zones of SGD were identified, samples were collected from the surface water within the plume and analyzed for the presence of radon. Radon in ocean water can be used as a tracer to identify the presence of terrestrial groundwater. The analysis was complicated by dynamic variables including tides, weather, and sample collection. In spite of this uncertainty, one potential zone of SGD was identified using sea surface temperature, electrical conductivity, and radon at Toyon Bay. This zone of SGD is consistent with the location of warm water shown in airborne infrared imagery. These results suggest that high-resolution thermal imagery may be useful for identifying diffuse SGD in southern California, but further field tests will be necessary to confirm this conclusion.
Book Synopsis The Web of Geological Sciences by : Marion Eugene Bickford
Download or read book The Web of Geological Sciences written by Marion Eugene Bickford and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2013 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This volume covers many of the important advances in the geological sciences from 1963 to 2013. These advances include understanding plate tectonics, exploration of the Moon and Mars, development of new computing and analytical technologies, understanding of the role of microbiology in geologic processes, and many others"--Provided by publisher.
Book Synopsis Saline Groundwater - Surface Water Interaction in Coastal Lowlands by : J.R. Delsman
Download or read book Saline Groundwater - Surface Water Interaction in Coastal Lowlands written by J.R. Delsman and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2015-05-07 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coastal zones are among the world's most densely populated and economically important areas, but these factors put pressure on the often limited available freshwater resources. Global change will undoubtedly increase this pressure through the combined effects of increased population, economic development, rising sea levels, increased evapotranspiration, over-extraction and the salinization of coastal aquifers, decreasing river discharges, and accelerating land subsidence. Saline groundwater exfiltration is a common problem in the coastal zone of the Netherlands, but the hydrological processes and physiographic factors that affect this are not fully understood. The research presented in this book aims to identify the processes and physiographic factors controlling the spatial variability and temporal dynamics of the exfiltration of saline groundwater to surface water, and hence the contribution of saline groundwater to surface water salinity. Topics covered include a paleo-hydrogeological model simulation of the Holocene evolution of groundwater salinity as a result of paleo-geographic changes; surface water salinity dynamics in a densely-drained lowland catchment; hydrograph separation in an agricultural catchment; observations of heads, flow, solute concentration and temperature to constrain a detailed, variable-density groundwater flow and transport model; and a model to simulate the salinity dynamics of exfiltrating groundwater to support operational water management of freshwater resources in coastal lowlands. The book further outlines the implications of these findings for freshwater management in the Netherlands. The book demonstrates that the salinity of groundwater exfiltrating in polders in the Netherlands, and hence surface water salinity, varies on a wide range of spatial and temporal scales.
