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Using Developmental Cognitive And Neuroscience Approaches To Understand Executive Control In Young Children
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Book Synopsis Using Developmental, Cognitive, and Neuroscience Approaches To Understand Executive Control in Young Children by : Kimberly Andrew Espy
Download or read book Using Developmental, Cognitive, and Neuroscience Approaches To Understand Executive Control in Young Children written by Kimberly Andrew Espy and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2018-12-07 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The seven articles in this special issue represent a sampling of the exciting findings that are beginning to emerge from studies of executive control in young children. They demonstrate the multidisciplinary approaches to study cognition in young children that include application of cognitive, neuroscience, and developmental paradigms in typically developing youngsters, as well as those affected by clinical conditions, such as traumatic brain injury, exposure to low levels of lead in the environment, and prematurity. Although much work remains to be done, these study results are illustrative of the dynamic work in this exciting development period.
Book Synopsis The Changing Nature of Executive Control in Preschool by : Kimberly Andrews Espy
Download or read book The Changing Nature of Executive Control in Preschool written by Kimberly Andrews Espy and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2017-01-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Executive control (EC) is a central construct in developmental science, although measurement limitations have hindered understanding of its nature and development in young children, relation to social risk, and prediction of important outcomes. Disentangling EC from the foundational cognitive abilities it regulates and that are inherently required for successful executive task completion (e.g., language, visual/spatial perception, and motor abilities) is particularly challenging at preschool age, when these foundational abilities are still developing and consequently differ substantially among children. A novel latent bifactor modeling approach delineated respective EC and foundational cognitive abilities components that undergird executive task performance in a socio demographically stratifi ed sample of 388 preschoolers in a longitudinal, cohort-sequential study. The bifactor model revealed a developmental shift, where both EC and foundational cognitive abilities contributed uniquely to executive task performance at ages 4.5 and 5.25 years, but were not separable at ages 3 and 3.75. Contrary to the view that EC is vulnerable to socio-familial risk, the contributions of household financial and learning resources to executive task performance were not specific to EC but were via their relation to foundational cognitive abilities. EC, though, showed a unique, discriminant relation with hyperactive symptoms late in the preschool period, whereas foundational cognitive abilities did not predict specifi c dimensions of dysregulated behavior. These findings form the basis for a new, integrated approach to the measurement and conceptualization of EC, which includes dual consideration of the contributions of EC and foundational cognitive abilities to executive task performance, particularly in the developmental context of preschool.
Book Synopsis Young Children's Cognitive Development by : Wolfgang Schneider
Download or read book Young Children's Cognitive Development written by Wolfgang Schneider and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-04-04 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on theoretically important relationships among determinants of young children's cognitive development: Working memory, executive function, and conceptual understanding of the mental domain.
Book Synopsis Lifespan Cognition by : Ellen Bialystok
Download or read book Lifespan Cognition written by Ellen Bialystok and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2006 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aims to create a bridge across cognitive development and cognitive aging. This volume studies the rise and fall of specific cognitive functions, such as attention, executive functioning, memory, working memory, representations, and individual differences to find ways in which the study of development and decline converge on common mechanisms.
Book Synopsis Developmental Social Cognitive Neuroscience by : Philip David Zelazo
Download or read book Developmental Social Cognitive Neuroscience written by Philip David Zelazo and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2016-07-22 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume in the JPS Series is intended to help crystallize the emergence of a new field, "Developmental Social Cognitive Neuroscience," aimed at elucidating the neural correlates of the development of socio-emotional experience and behavior. No one any longer doubts that infants are born with a biologically based head start in accomplishing their important life tasks––genetic resources, if you will, that are exploited differently in different contexts. Nevertheless, it is also true that socially relevant neural functions develop slowly during childhood and that this development is owed to complex interactions among genes, social and cultural environments, and children’s own behavior. A key challenge lies in finding appropriate ways of describing these complex interactions and the way in which they unfold in real developmental time. This is the challenge that motivates research in developmental social cognitive neuroscience. The chapters in this book highlight the latest and best research in this emerging field, and they cover a range of topics, including the typical and atypical development of imitation, impulsivity, novelty seeking, risk taking, self and social awareness, emotion regulation, moral reasoning, and executive function. Also addressed are the potential limitations of a neuroscientific approach to the development of social cognition. Intended for researchers and advanced students in neuroscience and developmental, cognitive, and social psychology, this book is appropriate for graduate seminars and upper-level undergraduate courses on social cognitive neuroscience, developmental neuroscience, social development, and cognitive development.
Book Synopsis Executive Functions in Children's Everyday Lives by : Maureen J. Hoskyn
Download or read book Executive Functions in Children's Everyday Lives written by Maureen J. Hoskyn and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-09 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Executive Functions in Children's Everyday Lives captures the diversity and complexity of the executive system that underlies children's everyday life experiences. Acquisition of executive functions, such as interpreting communication cues and the perspectives of others, is foundational to and a function of children's early social and communicative competencies. From the soccer field to the classroom, executive functions support children's strategic thinking and control of their environment. Knowing about executive functions and how this system of cognitive resources emerges in young children is important in understanding children's development. Recent research points to the importance of also considering environmental influences on the executive system. This book is unique in its focus on how experiences in children's early lives influence and are influenced by executive functions. Viewing executive functions through this broad lens is critical for professionals who intervene when children's access to executive functions is less than optimal. This book addresses a wide range of topics, including the neurological basis of executive functions in young children, the assessment of children's executive functions, theoretical and historical conceptions of executive functions, the relations between executive functions and theory of mind, multilingualism, early school transitions, and the relationship of executive functions to Autism and ADHD. This volume will be useful to professionals in applied psychology, undergraduate and graduate students, and social science and applied researchers.
Book Synopsis Developmental Social Neuroscience and Childhood Brain Insult by : Vicki Anderson
Download or read book Developmental Social Neuroscience and Childhood Brain Insult written by Vicki Anderson and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2012-06-01 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthesizing cutting-edge knowledge from multiple disciplines, this book explores the impact of acquired brain injury and developmental disabilities on children's emerging social skills. The editors present an innovative framework for understanding how brain processes interact with social development in both typically developing children and clinical populations. Key issues in assessment are addressed, including ways to measure both social function and brain function using developmentally sound tools. Balancing theoretical and clinical concerns, the book describes promising interventions for promoting children's adjustment and helping them participate more fully in the social world. Illustrations include six color plates.
Book Synopsis Measurement of Executive Function in Early Childhood by : Clancy Blair
Download or read book Measurement of Executive Function in Early Childhood written by Clancy Blair and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2016-02-04 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past decade, a rising interest has emerged in aspects of the broad construct of executive function (EF) in childhood. This has transpired as research has discovered that the development of EF is particularly rapid during early childhood, and that the healthy development of EF appears to play a key role in children’s developing social competence and academic and social readiness to attend school. The articles presented in this special issue help advance our understanding of the development of EF, as well as the challenges researchers face when attempting to characterize an aspect of cognition in very young children. Ultimately, this special issue illuminates the many ways in which children come to exhibit age-appropriate levels of social and cognitive competence.
Book Synopsis Developmental Variations in Learning by : Victoria J. Molfese
Download or read book Developmental Variations in Learning written by Victoria J. Molfese and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2001-10-01 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developmental changes in cognitive abilities in childhood have long been of interest to researchers across many fields, including behavioral sciences, communications, education, and medicine. With the publication of research findings showing individual differences in the development of children's learning skills has come the realization that models, methodologies, and analysis approaches that include consideration of individual differences are needed. It has brought an increase in research collaborations among experts in different fields who bring different approaches together in studies of cognitive abilities. This work has yielded a growing body of knowledge about how children with normal abilities and those with developmental disorders learn, gain skills in social competency, develop decision making and planning abilities, and acquire language skills and the skills needed for reading and writing. More recently, researchers have sought to use this body of knowledge as a basis for the early identification of children at risk for cognitive delays and for the development and evaluation of intervention approaches. The chapters in this book review literature in five areas of cognition, and provide theory- and research-based information on the applications of research findings and intervention approaches. Throughout the chapters, information on the interactions of different cognitive abilities and the role of individual differences in development that influences development assessments is included.
Book Synopsis Executive Functions and the Frontal Lobes by : Vicki Anderson
Download or read book Executive Functions and the Frontal Lobes written by Vicki Anderson and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2010-10-18 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume has as its primary aim the examination of issues concerning executive function and frontal lobe development. While many texts have addressed these issues, this is the first to do so within a specifically developmental framework. This area of cognitive function has received increasing attention over the past decade, and it is now established that the frontal lobes, and associated executive functions, are critical for efficient functioning in daily life. It is also clear, and of particular relevance to this text, that these functions develop gradually through childhood, and then deteriorate during old age. These developmental trajectories, and the impact of any interruption to them, are the focus of this volume.
Book Synopsis Executive Functions in Children by : Jack M. Fletcher
Download or read book Executive Functions in Children written by Jack M. Fletcher and published by Lawrence Erlbaum Assoc Incorporated. This book was released on 1996 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The six articles in this special issue address different types of cognitive skills and behavioral functioning commonly described as "executive" functions. These functions actually represent several aspects of cognition, including the allocation of cognitive resources, planning, problem solving, response inhibition, self-monitoring and regulation, and the maintenance of mental sets. As the authors conclusively demonstrate, it is wrong to ascribe cognitive functions subserved under "executive" functions to the frontal lobes, particularly at the level of specific tasks. The overlap with constructs from models of attention and memory reflects the fact that mental operations are complex, such that the working of the executive function component may be masked by the material-specific nature of the task, age of the child, or other task demands. What may be most important is the implicit approach to investigation characteristic of all the articles. In the previous decade, many investigators described problems with neuropsychological approaches to children that reflected excessive reliance on investigations of adults and the need to develop hypotheses and databases on disorders specific to children. The contributors to this issue report specific applications to samples that clearly represent childhood disorders. The applications are driven by hypothetical models of cognition derived from research on the cognitive development of children. The goal is to use cognitive tasks to understand the nature of brain function in children and brain dysfunction in CNS disorders specific to children. The reports represent the continued emergence of a developmental neuropsychology of children and the establishment of hypotheses and databases on CNS disorders specific to children.
Book Synopsis Development of executive function during childhood by : Yusuke Moriguchi
Download or read book Development of executive function during childhood written by Yusuke Moriguchi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-04-01 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Executive function refers to the goal-oriented regulation of one’s own thoughts, actions, and emotions. Its importance is attested by its contribution to the development of other cognitive skills (e.g., theory of mind), social abilities (e.g., peer interactions), and academic achievement (e.g., mathematics), and by the consequences of deficits in executive function (which are observed in wide range of developmental disorders, such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism). Over the last decade, there have been growing interest in the development of executive function, and an expanding body of research has shown that executive function develops rapidly during the preschool years, with adult-level performance being achieved during adolescence or later. This recent work, together with experimental research showing the effects of interventions targeting executive function, has yielded important insights into the neurocognitive processes underlying executive function. Given the complexity of the construct of executive function, however, and the multiplicity of underlying processes, there are often inconsistencies in the way that executive function is defined and studied. This inconsistency has hampered communication among researchers from various fields. This Research Topic is intended to bridge this gap and provide an opportunity for researchers from different perspectives to discuss recent advances in understanding childhood executive function. Researchers using various methods, including, behavioral experiments, neuroimaging, eye-tracking, computer simulation, observational methods, and questionnaires, are encouraged to contribute original empirical research. In addition to original empirical articles, theoretical reviews and opinions/perspective articles on promising future directions are welcome. We hope that researchers from different areas, such as developmental psychology, educational psychology, experimental psychology, neuropsychology, neuroscience, psychiatry, computational science, etc., will be represented in the Research Topic.
Book Synopsis ADHD as a Model of Brain-Behavior Relationships by : Leonard F. Koziol
Download or read book ADHD as a Model of Brain-Behavior Relationships written by Leonard F. Koziol and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-24 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ADHD as a Model of Brain-Behavior Relationships Leonard F. Koziol, Deborah Ely Budding, and Dana Chidekel Series Title: Springer Briefs in Neuroscience Subseries: The Vertically Organized Brain in Theory and Practice It's been a basic neurological given: the brain does our thinking, and has evolved to do the thinking, as controlled by the neocortex. In this schema, all dysfunction can be traced to problems in the brain’s lateral interactions. But in scientific reality, is this really true? Challenging this traditional cortico-centric view is a body of research emphasizing the role of the structures that control movement-the brain's vertical organization-in behavioral symptoms. Using a well-known, widely studied disorder as a test case, ADHD as a Model of Brain-Behavior Relationships offers an innovative framework for integrating neuroscience and behavioral research to refine diagnostic process and advance the understanding of disorders. Identifying a profound disconnect between current neuropsychological testing and the way the brain actually functions, this revision of the paradigm critiques the DSM and ICD in terms of the connectedness of brain structures regarding cognition and behavior. The authors argue for a large-scale brain network approach to pathology instead of the localizing that is so common historically, and for an alternate set of diagnostic criteria proposed by the NIMH. Included in the coverage: The diagnosis of ADHD: history and context. ADHD and neuropsychological nomenclature Research Domain Criteria: a dimensional approach to evaluating disorder The development of motor skills, executive function, and a relation to ADHD The role of the cerebellum in cognition, emotion, motivation, and dysfunction How large-scale brain networks interact Heralding a more accurate future of assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders, ADHD as a Model of Brain-Behavior Relationships represents a major step forward for neuropsychologists, child psychologists, and psychiatrists, or any related profession interested in a neuroscientific understanding of brain function.
Book Synopsis Mind, Brain, and Education Science: A Comprehensive Guide to the New Brain-Based Teaching by : Tracey Tokuhama-Espinosa
Download or read book Mind, Brain, and Education Science: A Comprehensive Guide to the New Brain-Based Teaching written by Tracey Tokuhama-Espinosa and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2010-12-20 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Establishing the parameters and goals of the new field of mind, brain, and education science. A groundbreaking work, Mind, Brain, and Education Science explains the new transdisciplinary academic field that has grown out of the intersection of neuroscience, education, and psychology. The trend in “brain-based teaching” has been growing for the past twenty years and has exploded in the past five to become the most authoritative pedagogy for best learning results. Aimed at teachers, teacher trainers and policy makers, and anyone interested in the future of education in America and beyond, Mind, Brain, and Education Science responds to the clamor for help in identifying what information could and should apply in classrooms with confidence, and what information is simply commercial hype. Combining an exhaustive review of the literature, as well as interviews with over twenty thought leaders in the field from six different countries, this book describes the birth and future of this new and groundbreaking discipline. Mind, Brain, and Education Science looks at the foundations, standards, and history of the field, outlining the ways that new information should be judged. Well-established information is elegantly separated from “neuromyths” to help teachers split the wheat from the chaff in classroom planning, instruction and teaching methodology.
Book Synopsis Training and Enhancing Executive Function by : Gian Marco Marzocchi
Download or read book Training and Enhancing Executive Function written by Gian Marco Marzocchi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-10-27 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Book Synopsis Executive Function and Education by : Mariëtte Huizinga
Download or read book Executive Function and Education written by Mariëtte Huizinga and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-09-21 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Executive function is an umbrella term for various cognitive processes that are central to goal-directed behavior, thoughts, and emotions. These processes are especially important in novel or demanding situations, which require a rapid and flexible adjustment of behavior to the changing demands of the environment. The development of executive function relies on the maturation of associated brain regions as well as on stimulation in the child’s social contexts, especially the home and school. Over the past decade, the term executive function has become a buzzword in the field of education as both researchers and educators underscore the importance of skills like goal setting, planning, and organizing in academic success. Accordingly, in initiating this Research Topic and eBook our goal was to provide a forum for state-of-the-art theoretical and empirical work on this that both facilitates communication among researchers from diverse fields and provides a theoretically sound source of information for educators. The contributors to this volume, who hail from several different countries in Europe and North America, have certainly accomplished this goal in their nuanced and cutting-edge depictions of the complex links among various executive function components and educational success.
Book Synopsis Advances in Clinical Neurophysiology by : Ihsan Ajeena
Download or read book Advances in Clinical Neurophysiology written by Ihsan Ajeena and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-10-17 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Including some of the newest advances in the field of neurophysiology, this book can be considered as one of the treasures that interested scientists would like to collect. It discusses many disciplines of clinical neurophysiology that are, currently, crucial in the practice as they explain methods and findings of techniques that help to improve diagnosis and to ensure better treatment. While trying to rely on evidence-based facts, this book presents some new ideas to be applied and tested in the clinical practice. Advances in Clinical Neurophysiology is important not only for the neurophysiologists but also for clinicians interested or working in wide range of specialties such as neurology, neurosurgery, intensive care units, pediatrics and so on. Generally, this book is written and designed to all those involved in, interpreting or requesting neurophysiologic tests.
