Us Strategy For Engagement In Central America Policy Issues For Congress

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U.S. Strategy for Engagement in Central America: Policy Issues for Congress

Author : Congressional Research Service
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 : 9781793450111
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis U.S. Strategy for Engagement in Central America: Policy Issues for Congress by : Congressional Research Service

Download or read book U.S. Strategy for Engagement in Central America: Policy Issues for Congress written by Congressional Research Service and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-01-10 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Central America has received renewed attention from U.S. policymakers over the past few years as the region has become a major transit corridor for illicit drugs and has surpassed Mexico as the largest source of irregular migration to the United States. These narcotics and migrant flows are the latest symptoms of deep-rooted challenges in several countries in the region, including widespread insecurity, fragile political and judicial systems, and high levels of poverty and unemployment. The U.S. government and partners in the region have begun to implement new initiatives intended to address those challenges, but living conditions in Central America have yet to improve significantly. U.S. Strategy for Engagement in Central America The Obama Administration determined it was in the national security interests of the United States to work with Central American governments to address their challenges. With congressional support, it launched a new U.S. Strategy for Engagement in Central America and significantly increased aid to the region. The strategy takes a broader, more comprehensive approach than previous U.S. initiatives in Central America and is based on the premise that efforts to promote prosperity, improve security, and strengthen governance are mutually reinforcing and of equal importance. The strategy focuses primarily on the "Northern Triangle" countries of Central America (El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras), which face the greatest challenges and are carrying out complementary efforts under their Alliance for Prosperity initiative. It also provides an overarching framework for U.S. engagement with the other countries in the region: Belize, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama. The Trump Administration has maintained the U.S. Strategy for Engagement in Central America but has adjusted the initiative to place more emphasis on preventing illegal immigration, combating transnational crime, and generating export and investment opportunities for U.S. businesses. The Administration also has sought to scale back U.S. assistance to Central America, but Congress has rejected the majority of the proposed reductions.

U.s. Strategy for Engagement in Central America

Author : Congressional Research Service
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781548408879
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis U.s. Strategy for Engagement in Central America by : Congressional Research Service

Download or read book U.s. Strategy for Engagement in Central America written by Congressional Research Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-06-28 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Central America has received renewed attention from U.S. policymakers over the past few years as the region has become a major transit corridor for illicit drugs and a significant source of irregular migration to the United States. These narcotics and migrant flows are the latest symptoms of deep-rooted challenges in several countries in the region, including widespread insecurity, fragile political and judicial systems, and high levels of poverty and unemployment. Although the Obama Administration and governments in the region launched new initiatives designed to improve conditions in Central America, the future of those efforts will depend on the decisions of the Trump Administration and the 115th Congress. U.S. Strategy for Engagement in Central America The Obama Administration determined it was in the national security interests of the United States to work with Central American governments to address conditions in the region. Accordingly, the Obama Administration launched a new, whole-of-government U.S. Strategy for Engagement in Central America. The new strategy takes a broader and more comprehensive approach than previous U.S. initiatives in the region and is based on the premise that efforts to promote prosperity, improve security, and strengthen governance are mutually reinforcing and of equal importance. The new strategy focuses primarily on the "northern triangle" countries of Central America-El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras-which face the greatest challenges. Nevertheless, it also provides an overarching framework for U.S. engagement with the other countries in the region: Belize, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama. The new U.S. strategy and the northern triangle governments' Alliance for Prosperity initiative have similar objectives and fund complementary efforts; however, they have prioritized different activities. Initial Funding and Conditions Congress has appropriated $1.4 billion to begin implementing the new Central America strategy, dividing the funds relatively equally among efforts to promote prosperity, strengthen governance, and improve security. This figure includes $750 million appropriated in FY2016 and $655 million appropriated in FY2017 (through P.L. 114-113 and P.L. 115-31, respectively). Congress placed strict conditions on the aid, requiring the northern triangle governments to address a range of concerns, including border security, corruption, and human rights, to receive assistance. As a result of those legislative requirements, delays in the budget process, and congressional holds, most of the FY2016 funding did not begin to be delivered to Central America until early 2017. The State Department has yet to certify that any of the northern triangle countries have met the legislative requirements for FY2017. Future Appropriations and Other Policy Issues Congress is now considering President Trump's FY2018 budget request, which would cut funding for the Central America strategy by $195 million, or 30%, compared to the FY2017 estimate. As Congress deliberates on the future of the Central America strategy, it may examine a number of policy issues. These issues include the funding levels and strategy necessary to meet U.S. objectives; the extent to which Central American governments are demonstrating the political will to undertake domestic reforms; the utility of the conditions placed on assistance to Central America; and the potential implications of changes to U.S. immigration, trade, and drug control policies for U.S. objectives in the region.

Sustaining a Consistent Policy in Central America

Author : United States. Department of State
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Sustaining a Consistent Policy in Central America by : United States. Department of State

Download or read book Sustaining a Consistent Policy in Central America written by United States. Department of State and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A Review of Issues in Central America

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 90 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis A Review of Issues in Central America by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere

Download or read book A Review of Issues in Central America written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Central America

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere Affairs
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Central America by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere Affairs

Download or read book Central America written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The United States and Central America

Author : Mark B. Rosenberg
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135904553
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (359 download)

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Book Synopsis The United States and Central America by : Mark B. Rosenberg

Download or read book The United States and Central America written by Mark B. Rosenberg and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-09-10 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a concise overview of the recent history of U.S.-Central American relations. Part of the Contemporary Inter-American Relations series edited by Jorge Dominguez and Rafael Fernandez de Castro, it focuses on the relations between the U.S. and this region since the end of the Cold War. The volume considers economic relations between the two regions, presenting pertinent information on the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA). It also looks at political issues such as military cooperation, security issues, the drug trade and organized crime, democracy in the region, and migration. Finally, it concludes with an assessment of the direction US-Central American relations are taking at present, moving beyond the black-and-white challenges of Soviet domination in the region to address post-9/11 security concerns. The United States and Central America will be of interest to students and scholars of foreign policy, Latin American politics and politics and international relations in general.

The Politics of Intervention

Author : Roger Burbach
Publisher : New York, N.Y. : Monthly Review Press ; Berkeley, Cal. : Center for the Study of the Americas
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Politics of Intervention by : Roger Burbach

Download or read book The Politics of Intervention written by Roger Burbach and published by New York, N.Y. : Monthly Review Press ; Berkeley, Cal. : Center for the Study of the Americas. This book was released on 1984 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

National Bipartisan Report on Central America

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 446 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis National Bipartisan Report on Central America by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations

Download or read book National Bipartisan Report on Central America written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Unaccompanied Children from Central America

Author : Congressional Research Service
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781508603597
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Unaccompanied Children from Central America by : Congressional Research Service

Download or read book Unaccompanied Children from Central America written by Congressional Research Service and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-02-10 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In recent months, U.S. policy makers have expressed concerns about a significant increase in the number of unaccompanied alien children (UAC) being apprehended at the U.S. border. More than 63,000 such children were apprehended over the first 10 months of the fiscal year -- a 100% increase compared to same time period of FY2013. This unexpected surge of children has strained U.S. government resources and created a complex crisis with humanitarian implications for the United States and the international community. Although the flow of unaccompanied minors appears to have slowed since July, experts warn it may accelerate again after the summer heat passes. As Congress continues to debate legislative options to address the foreign policy dimensions of the situation, there are a variety of interrelated issues that it might take into consideration. These include Central American governments' limited capacities to receive and reintegrate repatriated children, and their inability and/or unwillingness to address the pervasive insecurity and lack of socioeconomic opportunities in their countries that cause many children to leave. Other issues Congress might consider include the extent to which the Mexican government is capable of limiting the transmigration of Central Americans through its territory and how other international actors are responding to the spike in apprehensions of unaccompanied children"--Preliminary page.

Central America Regional Security Initiative

Author : Peter J. Meyer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Central America Regional Security Initiative by : Peter J. Meyer

Download or read book Central America Regional Security Initiative written by Peter J. Meyer and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines the extent of the security problems in Central America, the current efforts being undertaken by Central American governments to address them, and U.S. support for Central American efforts through the Central America Regional Security Initiative. It also raises potential policy issues for congressional consideration such as funding levels, human rights concerns, and how CARSI relates to other U.S. government policies.

U. S. Role in the World

Author : Michael Moodie
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781693215247
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (152 download)

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Book Synopsis U. S. Role in the World by : Michael Moodie

Download or read book U. S. Role in the World written by Michael Moodie and published by . This book was released on 2019-09-14 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. role in the world refers to the overall character, purpose, or direction of U.S. participation in international affairs and the country's overall relationship to the rest of the world. The U.S. role in the world can be viewed as establishing the overall context or framework for U.S. policymakers for developing, implementing, and measuring the success of U.S. policies and actions on specific international issues, and for foreign countries or other observers for interpreting and understanding U.S. actions on the world stage. While descriptions of the U.S. role in the world since the end of World War II vary in their specifics, it can be described in general terms as consisting of four key elements: global leadership; defense and promotion of the liberal international order; defense and promotion of freedom, democracy, and human rights; and prevention of the emergence of regional hegemons in Eurasia. The issue for Congress is whether the U.S. role in the world is changing, and if so, what implications this might have for the United States and the world. A change in the U.S. role could have significant and even profound effects on U.S. security, freedom, and prosperity. It could significantly affect U.S. policy in areas such as relations with allies and other countries, defense plans and programs, trade and international finance, foreign assistance, and human rights. Some observers, particularly critics of the Trump Administration, argue that under the Trump Administration, the United States is substantially changing the U.S. role in the world. Other observers, particularly supporters of the Trump Administration, while acknowledging that the Trump Administration has changed U.S. foreign policy in a number of areas compared to policies pursued by the Obama Administration, argue that under the Trump Administration, there has been less change and more continuity regarding the U.S. role in the world. Some observers who assess that the United States under the Trump Administration is substantially changing the U.S. role in the world-particularly critics of the Trump Administration, and also some who were critical of the Obama Administration-view the implications of that change as undesirable. They view the change as an unnecessary retreat from U.S. global leadership and a gratuitous discarding of long-held U.S. values, and judge it to be an unforced error of immense proportions-a needless and self-defeating squandering of something of great value to the United States that the United States had worked to build and maintain for 70 years. Other observers who assess that there has been a change in the U.S. role in the world in recent years-particularly supporters of the Trump Administration, but also some observers who were arguing even prior to the Trump Administration in favor of a more restrained U.S. role in the world-view the change in the U.S. role, or at least certain aspects of it, as helpful for responding to changed U.S. and global circumstances and for defending U.S. interests. Congress's decisions regarding the U.S role in the world could have significant implications for numerous policies, plans, programs, and budgets, and for the role of Congress relative to that of the executive branch in U.S. foreign policymaking.

U.S. Policy in Central America

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Human Rights and International Organizations
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis U.S. Policy in Central America by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Human Rights and International Organizations

Download or read book U.S. Policy in Central America written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Human Rights and International Organizations and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Gangs in Central America

Author : Clare Ribando Seelke
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437927637
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis Gangs in Central America by : Clare Ribando Seelke

Download or read book Gangs in Central America written by Clare Ribando Seelke and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-05 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents: (1) Background on Violent Crime; (2) Scope of the Gang Problem: Defining Gangs; Transnational Gangs; Factors Exacerbating the Gang Problem; Poverty and a Lack of Educ. and Employ. Opport.; Societal Stigmas; Role of the Media; Anti-Gang Law Enforce. Efforts; Prisons in Need of Reform; U.S. Deportations; (3) Country Anti-Gang Efforts: Mano Dura (Heavy-Handed) Anti-Gang Policies; Effects of Mano Dura Policies?; Alternative Approaches; Prospects for Country Prevention and Rehab. Efforts; Regional and Multilateral Efforts; OAS; Multilateral Develop. Banks and Donor Agencies; (4) U.S. Policy: Congressional Interest; U.S. Internat. Anti-Gang Efforts; State Dept.; Justice Dept.; USAID; Policy Approaches and Concerns.

U.s. Policy Toward Latin America

Author : Harold Molineu
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000010600
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis U.s. Policy Toward Latin America by : Harold Molineu

Download or read book U.s. Policy Toward Latin America written by Harold Molineu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-18 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent U.S. military involvement in Central America has sparked heated debate over U.S. policy in the region. To informed observers of U.S.-Latin American relations, however, Washington's actions reflect U.S. regional and global objectives that have evolved in the course of 150 years of U.S. involvement in Latin America. This text provides students

NACLA Report on the Americas

Author : North American Congress on Latin America
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis NACLA Report on the Americas by : North American Congress on Latin America

Download or read book NACLA Report on the Americas written by North American Congress on Latin America and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Honduras

Author : Congressional Service
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781729611708
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (117 download)

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Book Synopsis Honduras by : Congressional Service

Download or read book Honduras written by Congressional Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-11 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Honduras, a Central American nation of 9 million people, has had close ties with the United States for many years. The country served as a base for U.S. operations designed to counter Soviet influence in Central America during the 1980s, and it continues to host a U.S. military presence and cooperate on antidrug efforts today. Trade and investment linkages are also long-standing and have grown stronger since the implementation of the Dominican Republic-Central America-United States Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR) in 2006. In recent years, instability in Honduras-including a 2009 coup and significant outflows of migrants and asylum-seekers since 2014-has led U.S. policymakers to focus greater attention on conditions in the country and their implications for the United States. Domestic Situation President Juan Orlando Hernández of the conservative National Party was inaugurated to a second four-year term in January 2018. He lacks legitimacy among many Hondurans, however, due to allegations that the November 2017 presidential election was marred by fraud. During Hernández's first term, Honduras made some progress in reducing violence and putting public finances on a more sustainable path. Anti-corruption efforts also made some headway, largely as a result of cooperation between the Honduran public prosecutor's office and the Organization of American States-backed Mission to Support the Fight Against Corruption and Impunity in Honduras. Nevertheless, considerable challenges remain. Honduras continues to be one of the poorest and most unequal countries in Latin America, with nearly 69% of Hondurans living below the poverty line. It also remains one of the most violent countries in the world and continues to suffer from persistent human rights abuses and widespread impunity. Moreover, the country's tentative progress in combating corruption has generated a fierce backlash, calling into question the sustainability of those efforts. U.S. Policy U.S. policy in Honduras is guided by the U.S. Strategy for Engagement in Central America, which is designed to promote economic prosperity, strengthen governance, and improve security in Honduras and the rest of the region. Congress appropriated an estimated $79.8 million in bilateral assistance for Honduras to advance those objectives in the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018 (P.L. 115-141). The Trump Administration has requested $65.8 million to continue U.S. efforts in Honduras in FY2019. The Senate Appropriations Committee's FY2019 foreign aid appropriations measure (S. 3108) would slightly exceed the request, providing $68.8 million for Honduras. The House Appropriations Committee's foreign aid appropriations bill (H.R. 6385) would not specify a funding level for Honduras. Members of the 115th Congress have put forward several measures intended to incentivize policy changes in Honduras. P.L. 115-141 withholds 75% of assistance for the Honduran central government until Honduras addresses concerns such as border security, corruption, and human rights abuses. S. 3108 and H.R. 6385 would maintain similar conditions on aid, and the Berta Caceres Human Rights in Honduras Act (H.R. 1299) would suspend all security assistance until Honduras meets strict human rights conditions. A resolution adopted by the House, H.Res. 145, called on the Honduran government to support ongoing anti-corruption efforts, and a provision in the FY2019 National Defense Authorization Act (P.L. 115-232) requires the Secretary of State to name Honduran officials known to have engaged in, or facilitated, acts of grand corruption or narcotics trafficking.

Transnational Organized Crime in Central America and the Caribbean

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789211303162
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (31 download)

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Download or read book Transnational Organized Crime in Central America and the Caribbean written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report is one of several studies conducted by UNODC on organized crime threats around the world. These studies describe what is known about the mechanics of contraband trafficking - the what, who, how, and how much of illicit flows - and discuss their potential impact on governance and development. Their primary role is diagnostic, but they also explore the implications of these findings for policy. Publisher's note.