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Upgrading Natural Gas Via Membrane Separation Processes
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Book Synopsis UPGRADING NATURAL GAS VIA MEMBRANE SEPARATION PROCESSES. by :
Download or read book UPGRADING NATURAL GAS VIA MEMBRANE SEPARATION PROCESSES. written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the present study is to assess the potential usefulness of membrane separation processes for removing CO2 and H2S from low-quality natural gas containing substantial amounts of both these ''acid'' gases, e.g., up to 40 mole-% CO2 and 10 mole-% H2S. The membrane processes must be capable of upgrading the crude natural gas to pipeline specifications ((less-than or equal to) 2 mole-% CO2, (less-than or equal to) 4 ppm H2S). Moreover, these processes must also be economically competitive with the conventional separation techniques, such as gas absorption, utilized for this purpose by the gas industry.
Book Synopsis Upgrading of Raw Natural Gas Using High-performance Polymer Membranes by :
Download or read book Upgrading of Raw Natural Gas Using High-performance Polymer Membranes written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The separation of CO2 and H2S from raw natural gas is essential for enhancing the heating value of the gas and for providing environmental safety during nation and use. Membrane separation processes are particularly useful for this application because they are inherently energy-efficient. Membrane processes also offer other important advantages, such as ease of scale-up due to module design, good space and weight efficiency and great flexibility in handling variations in the flow rate, pressure and composition of the raw natural gas streams. In a coordinated effort, the Gas Research Institute and the Department of Energy, Morgantown Energy Technology Center are funding an extensive study at Syracuse University on the relationships between the chemical structure of various polymers and their permeability to different gases. Based on criteria derived from this study, novel fluorine-containing polyimides that exhibit very high C02/CH4, selectivities as well as significant H2S/CH4, selectivities were synthesized. These ''dense'' (homogeneous) membranes separated various mixtures of C02/CH4, and H2S/CH4/CO2 at 35°C (95°F) and at pressures up to 10 atm (147 psi). The results of these measurements agree well with computer simulations. The C02 content of CH4/CO2 mixtures containing as much as 40 mole percent C02 can be reduced with the polyamide membranes to pipeline specifications ((less-than or equal to) 2 mole percent C02). To reduce the H2S content of H2S/CH4/CO2 mixtures to pipeline specifications ((less-than or equal to) 4 ppM H2S), the membranes are best combined with conventional gas-absorption processes, such as a selective amine. Such ''hybrid'' processes for the upgrading of natural gas can be more economical than conventional gas-absorption processes alone.
Book Synopsis Membrane Engineering for the Treatment of Gases by : Enrico Drioli
Download or read book Membrane Engineering for the Treatment of Gases written by Enrico Drioli and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2011-07-06 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membranes already have important applications in artificial organs, the processing of biotechnological products, food manufacture, waste water treatment, and seawater desalination. Their uses in gaseous mixture separations are, however, far from achieving their full potential. Separation of air components, natural gas dehumidification and sweeting, separation and recovery of CO2 from biogas, and H2 from refinery gases are all examples of current industrial applications. The use of membranes for reducing the greenhouse effect and improving energy efficiency has also been suggested. New process intensification strategies in the petrochemical industry have opened up another growth area for gas separation membrane systems and membrane reactors. This two volume set presents the state-of-the-art in membrane engineering for the separation of gases. It addresses future developments in carbon capture and utilization, H2 production and purification, and O2/N2 separation. Topics covered include the: applications of membrane gas separation in the petrochemical industry; implementation of membrane processes for post-combustion capture; commercial applications of membranes in gas separations; simulation of membrane systems for CO2 capture; design and development of membrane reactors for industrial applications; Pd-based membranes in hydrogen production; modelling and simulation of membrane reactors for hydrogen production and purification; novel hybrid membrane/pressure swing adsorption process for gas separation; molecular dynamics as a new tool for membrane design, and physical aging of membranes for gas separations. Volume 1 focuses predominantly on problems relating to membranes.
Book Synopsis Upgrading Low Quality Natural Gas with Co2 Selective Polymers Membrane by : Meor Mohd Dhiya Mior Zahidi
Download or read book Upgrading Low Quality Natural Gas with Co2 Selective Polymers Membrane written by Meor Mohd Dhiya Mior Zahidi and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this research is to determine the most suitable polymer membrane between polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and hybrid polymer membrane of polysulfone (PSU) and polyethersulfone (PES) for separating CO2 from crude natural gas. These polymers are mixed with suitable solvent in order to create polymeric solution. Flat sheet membranes were developed from this polymeric solution using standard method. Flat sheet membranes are then introduced to the separation process using permeability unit to study permeability and selectivity of each membrane. The test was carried out by using three gas inlet volumetric flow rate, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 L/min at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 Bar. The test gas used was CO2 and CH4 gas, both have purity over 99%. Standard soap bubble method was used to determine permeate gas flow rate. Results shows, PVDF membrane are determined as the suitable membrane for the separation process because PVDF membrane has low CO2 selectivity and high permeability of CH4 compare to the other polymers membrane. It is also discovered that by increasing gas inlet flow rate, permeability of the gas also increase and selectivity is inversely proportional to permeability. In order to improve in the next study, other parameter such as coating the membranes need to be considered as well.-Author-
Book Synopsis Advances in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications. Volume 5: Natural Gas Impurities and Condensate Removal by : Mohammad Reza Rahimpour
Download or read book Advances in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications. Volume 5: Natural Gas Impurities and Condensate Removal written by Mohammad Reza Rahimpour and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-04-19 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications is a comprehensive eight-volume set of books that discusses in detail the theoretical basics and practical methods of various aspects of natural gas from exploration and extraction, to synthesizing, processing and purifying, producing valuable chemicals and energy. The volumes introduce transportation and storage challenges as well as hydrates formation, extraction, and prevention. Volume 5 titled Natural Gas Impurities and Condensates Removal comprehensively discusses the characteristics and properties of natural gas condensates and dehydrated non-acidic impurities. The book describes related environmental challenges, removal standards, policies and regulations as well as economic assessment. It covers particulates (such as aerosols, arsenic, etc.) and condensates removal techniques from natural gas as well as mercury, nitrogen and helium removal from natural gas by absorption, adsorption and membrane-based processes. Introduces different impurities and condensates of natural gas with their characteristics Includes common methods for particulates and condensates removal from natural gas such as adsorption, absorption and cryogenic techniques Describes various membrane technologies for particulates and condensates removal from natural gas
Book Synopsis Membrane Engineering by : Enrico Drioli
Download or read book Membrane Engineering written by Enrico Drioli and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern membrane science and technology aids engineers in developing and designing more efficient and environmentally-friendly processes. The optimal material and membrane selection as well as applications in the many involved industries are provided. This work is the ideal introduction for engineers working in membrane science and applications (wastewater, desalination, adsorption, and catalysis), process engineers in separation science, biologists and biochemists, environmental scientists, and most of all students. Its multidisciplinary approach also stimulates thinking of hybrid technologies for current and future life-saving applications (artificial organs, drug delivery).
Book Synopsis Efficient Gas-separation Process to Upgrade Dilute Methane Stream for Use as Fuel by :
Download or read book Efficient Gas-separation Process to Upgrade Dilute Methane Stream for Use as Fuel written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A membrane-based gas separation process for treating gas streams that contain methane in low concentrations. The invention involves flowing the stream to be treated across the feed side of a membrane and flowing a sweep gas stream, usually air, across the permeate side. Carbon dioxide permeates the membrane preferentially and is picked up in the sweep air stream on the permeate side; oxygen permeates in the other direction and is picked up in the methane-containing stream. The resulting residue stream is enriched in methane as well as oxygen and has an EMC value enabling it to be either flared or combusted by mixing with ordinary air.
Author :Panel on Separation Technology for Industrial Reuse and Recycling Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309592828 Total Pages :128 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (95 download)
Book Synopsis Separation Technologies for the Industries of the Future by : Panel on Separation Technology for Industrial Reuse and Recycling
Download or read book Separation Technologies for the Industries of the Future written by Panel on Separation Technology for Industrial Reuse and Recycling and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-01-22 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Separation processesor processes that use physical, chemical, or electrical forces to isolate or concentrate selected constituents of a mixtureare essential to the chemical, petroleum refining, and materials processing industries. In this volume, an expert panel reviews the separation process needs of seven industries and identifies technologies that hold promise for meeting these needs, as well as key technologies that could enable separations. In addition, the book recommends criteria for the selection of separations research projects for the Department of Energy's Office of Industrial Technology.
Book Synopsis Basic Equations of the Mass Transport Through a Membrane Layer by : Endre Nagy
Download or read book Basic Equations of the Mass Transport Through a Membrane Layer written by Endre Nagy and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a detailed analysis of the mass transport through membrane layers and its effect on different separation processes, this book provides a comprehensive look at the theoretical and practical aspects of membrane transport properties and functions. Basic equations for every membrane are provided to predict the mass transfer rate, the concentration distribution, the convective velocity, the separation efficiency, and the effect of chemical or biochemical reaction taking into account the heterogeneity of the membrane layer to help better understand the mechanisms of the separation processes. The reader will be able to describe membrane separation processes and the membrane reactors as well as choose the most suitable membrane structure for separation and for membrane reactor. Containing detailed discussion of the latest results in transport processes and separation processes, this book is essential for chemistry students and practitioners of chemical engineering and process engineering. Detailed survey of the theoretical and practical aspects of every membrane process with specific equations Practical examples discussed in detail with clear steps Will assist in planning and preparation of more efficient membrane structure separation
Book Synopsis Carbon Membrane Technology by : Xuezhong He
Download or read book Carbon Membrane Technology written by Xuezhong He and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon membranes have great advantages of strong mechanical strength and high chemical stabilities, as well as high separation performance to reach the industrial attractive region. Further improvement on membrane performance can potentially offset the relatively high production cost compared to polymeric membranes. However, there are still some challenges related to fabrication of asymmetric carbon membranes, the controlling of structure and pore-size and module up-scaling for commercial application. The aim of this book is to provide the fundamentals on carbon membrane materials for the young researchers and engineers to develop frontier membrane materials for energy efficient separation process. This book describes the status and perspectives of both self-supported and supported carbon membranes from fundamentals to applications. The key steps on the development of high performance carbon membranes including precursor selection, tuning carbon membrane structure and regeneration are discussed. In the end, different potential applications both in gas and liquids separation are well described, and the future directions for carbon membrane development were pointed out. To this end, membrane science and engineering are set to play crucial roles as enabling technologies to provide energy efficient and cost-effective future solutions for energy and environment related processes. Based on this approach the research projects which are trying to find attractive carbon materials in our days are many. The published papers, per year, in the topic of carbon membranes, especially for biogas upgrading, natural gas sweetening and hydrogen purification, are numerous with very high impact. However, only few are the books which include relevant to the topic of carbon membrane technology. This book offers the condensed and interdisciplinary knowledge on carbon membranes, and provides the opportunity to the scientists who are working in the field of carbon membrane technology for gas and liquid separations to present, share, and discuss their contributions within the membrane community.
Book Synopsis Advances in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications. Volume 4: Natural Gas Dehydration by : Mohammad Reza Rahimpour
Download or read book Advances in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications. Volume 4: Natural Gas Dehydration written by Mohammad Reza Rahimpour and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-03-29 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications is a comprehensive eight-volume set of books that discusses in detail the theoretical basics and practical methods of various aspects of natural gas from exploration and extraction, to synthesizing, processing and purifying, producing valuable chemicals and energy. The volumes introduce transportation and storage challenges as well as hydrates formation, extraction, and prevention. Volume 4 titled Natural Gas Dehydration introduces in detail different natural gas dehydration methods. The book covers absorption with different solvents such as glycols, ionic liquids, and DES which is one of the important dehydration techniques, as well as natural gas dehydration with adsorption-based technologies utilizing various materials including zeolites, carbonaceous sorbents, metal oxides, etc. It discusses in detail membrane-based processes with various types (such as hollow-fiber, polymeric, zeolite membranes) and includes novel technologies for sweetening natural gas by using direct cooling and compression, supersonic technology and micro-reactors. Introduces natural gas dehydration concepts and challenges Describes various absorption and adsorption processes for natural gas dehydration Discusses novel methods for natural gas dehydration including membrane and supersonic technologies
Book Synopsis Membrane Engineering for the Treatment of Gases by : Enrico Drioli
Download or read book Membrane Engineering for the Treatment of Gases written by Enrico Drioli and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2011-07-06 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membranes already have important applications in artificial organs, the processing of biotechnological products, food manufacture, waste water treatment, and seawater desalination. Their uses in gaseous mixture separations are, however, far from achieving their full potential. Separation of air components, natural gas dehumidification and sweeting, separation and recovery of CO2 from biogas, and H2 from refinery gases are all examples of current industrial applications. The use of membranes for reducing the greenhouse effect and improving energy efficiency has also been suggested. New process intensification strategies in the petrochemical industry have opened up another growth area for gas separation membrane systems and membrane reactors. This two volume set presents the state-of-the-art in membrane engineering for the separation of gases. It addresses future developments in carbon capture and utilization, H2 production and purification, and O2/N2 separation. Topics covered include the: applications of membrane gas separation in the petrochemical industry; implementation of membrane processes for post-combustion capture; commercial applications of membranes in gas separations; simulation of membrane systems for CO2 capture; design and development of membrane reactors for industrial applications; Pd-based membranes in hydrogen production; modelling and simulation of membrane reactors for hydrogen production and purification; novel hybrid membrane/pressure swing adsorption process for gas separation; molecular dynamics as a new tool for membrane design, and physical aging of membranes for gas separations. Volume 2 looks at problems combined with membrane reactors.
Book Synopsis Membrane Separations Technology by : E.J. Hoffman
Download or read book Membrane Separations Technology written by E.J. Hoffman and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-05-12 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The petroleum, natural gas, and the chemical & petrochemical process industries, variously require the separation of mixtures -- whether of raw feedstream materials, reactants, intermediates, or products -- as comprising gases, liquids, or solutions. Membrane separations add another weapon to the arsenal of separation methods, including the upgrading of subquality natural gas reserves. This book furnishes the necessary derivations and calculations for numerically predicting the separations that can be obtained, based on the known respective membrane permeabilities of the pure components. A verstile text, Membrane Separations Technology is suitable both as a reference and a textbook for the practicing process engineer, the researcher, and chemical & petrochemical engineering faculty and students. Has cutting-edge scientific methods for liquifying and transporting natural gas Written for the engineer in the field, for easy access to important information Also contains problems and solutions for the student and professor in chemical engineering departments
Book Synopsis Gas Separation Membranes by : Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
Download or read book Gas Separation Membranes written by Ahmad Fauzi Ismail and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-28 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the tremendous progress that has been made in the development of gas separation membranes based both on inorganic and polymeric materials. Materials discussed include polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs), metal organic frameworks (MOFs), carbon based materials, zeolites, as well as other materials, and mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) in which the above novel materials are incorporated. This broad survey of gas membranes covers material, theory, modeling, preparation, characterization (for example, by AFM, IR, XRD, ESR, Positron annihilation spectroscopy), tailoring of membranes, membrane module and system design, and applications. The book is concluded with some perspectives about the future direction of the field.
Book Synopsis Advances in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications. Volume 2: Natural Gas Sweetening by : Mohammad Reza Rahimpour
Download or read book Advances in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications. Volume 2: Natural Gas Sweetening written by Mohammad Reza Rahimpour and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-02-16 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications is a comprehensive eight-volume set of books that discusses in detail the theoretical basics and practical methods of various aspects of natural gas from exploration and extraction, to synthesizing, processing and purifying, producing valuable chemicals and energy. The volumes introduce transportation and storage challenges as well as hydrates formation, extraction, and prevention. Volume 2 titled Natural Gas Sweetening introduces in detail different natural gas sweetening methods. The book covers absorption with different solvents such as alkalis, amin blends, ionic liquids, etc. which is one of the important sweetening techniques, as well as natural gas sweetening with adsorption-based technologies utilizing various materials including zeolites, carbonaceous sorbents, metal oxides, etc. Is also discusses membrane-based processes with various types (such as ionic liquid, polymeric, MOF mixed matrix, dense metal membranes) and includes novel technologies for sweetening natural gas by using plasma and supersonic separators. Introduces natural gas sweetening concepts and challenges Describes various absorption and adsorption processes for natural gas sweetening Includes various membrane technologies for natural gas sweetening
Book Synopsis Current Trends and Future Developments on (Bio-) Membranes by : Angelo Basile
Download or read book Current Trends and Future Developments on (Bio-) Membranes written by Angelo Basile and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-11-21 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern Approaches in Membrane Technology for Gas Separation and Water Treatment presents condensed information on novel and promising membrane materials. The book answers some major questions from the membrane community about three promising materials that are to be introduced at industrial scale. It introduces recent, out of the box, ideas concerning the application of new methods capable to enhance the membrane separation efficiency. Sections cover potential commercialization, important question on three famous membrane materials, and new approaches in membrane technology. Finally, the book describes and discusses three novel ideas about the potential effect of the magnetic field on membrane separation efficiency, the use of cryogenic technology on membrane separations, and the use of nanobubble technology on water membrane processes. Focuses on the necessity for environmental-friendly and cost-effective purification and separation process Lists all new membrane materials suitable for commercialization Presents new modern approaches and ideas for improving the membrane efficiency
Download or read book Polyimide Membranes written by H Ohya and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-01-30 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a first attempt to provide a general analysis of developments in polyimide membrane synthesis and applications. It will serve as a valuable reference for those with an interest in synthesis of polyimides, the chemistry and physical chemistry of polyimide compounds, the separation properties of membranes and in their preparation and application. It is intended as a summary of the current status of polyimide membrane research for the specialist as well as a teaching aid for graduate studies in polymer chemistry. The authors collaboration demonstrates the high level of scientific research in Russia and the active development of applied research in Japan.
