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Trawniki Guards Foot Soldiers Of The Holocaust
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Book Synopsis Trawniki Guards: Foot Soldiers of the Holocaust by : Josh Baldwin
Download or read book Trawniki Guards: Foot Soldiers of the Holocaust written by Josh Baldwin and published by Schiffer Military History. This book was released on 2022-07-28 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A companion to volume 1, which described the wartime role of the Trawniki Men, volume 2 follows up with a history of the international search for retribution in the postwar era.
Download or read book Trawniki Guards written by Josh Baldwin and published by Schiffer Military History. This book was released on 2020-09-28 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a study of some of the rank-and-file men, the foot soldiers, who carried out the "Final Solution." The Trawniki Guards were a group of some 5,000 men--some of whom were Soviet prisoners of war, and some civilians, primarily Ukrainians--the Germans recruited during WWII to aid them in murdering the Jews of Europe in an operation known as "Aktion Reinhard." Upon completion of "Aktion Reinhard" (which murdered an estimated 1.5 million Jews, or one in four of all Holocaust victims), the Trawnikis were also used to guard concentration camps in Germany and Austria. These are the men who shot people and worked at the gas chambers. This book will explore who they were, and give a face to those faceless enforcers of mass murder.
Book Synopsis Nazi Concentration Camp Overseers by : Ian Baxter
Download or read book Nazi Concentration Camp Overseers written by Ian Baxter and published by Pen and Sword Military. This book was released on 2021-03-23 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Nazis’ vast concentration camp network and, later, the ‘Final Solution’ programme made heavy demands on the SS whose responsibility it was. The use of ‘overseers’ minimised costs and enabled the camps to run with fewer SS personnel. As this well researched book describes, there were three principal groups of ‘helpers’: Sonderkommandos, Kapos and Trawniki. The Sonderkommandos’ duties included unloading Jews from trains, collecting their possessions and allocating work details. Under SS supervision, they also ran the gas chambers and crematoria. The Kapos oversaw the Sonderkommandos. Many were originally prisoner functionaries recruited from violent criminal gangs and had a well-deserved reputation for brutality. The third group, known as Trawniki or Trawnikimänner, were Central and Eastern European collaborators recruited from Russian POW camps. While some served in a military capacity, others played an instrumental role in the Holocaust programme, rounding up and transporting Jews from the ghettos to the concentration camps. The graphic images and text of this Images of War series work demonstrate that the ‘overseer’ system was extensive and effective as its members competed without scruple to maintain the favour of their SS masters while pitting victim against victim.
Download or read book KL written by Nikolaus Wachsmann and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2015-04-14 with total page 881 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The award-winning author of Hitler's Prisons presents an unprecedented, integrated account of the Nazi concentration camps from their inception in 1933 through their demise in the spring of 1945.
Download or read book Citizen 865 written by Debbie Cenziper and published by Hachette UK. This book was released on 2019-11-12 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: **Investigative Reporters and Editors (IRE) Book Award Finalist** The gripping story of a team of Nazi hunters at the U.S. Department of Justice as they raced against time to expose members of a brutal SS killing force who disappeared in America after World War Two. In 1990, in a drafty basement archive in Prague, two American historians made a startling discovery: a Nazi roster from 1945 that no Western investigator had ever seen. The long-forgotten document, containing more than 700 names, helped unravel the details behind the most lethal killing operation in World War Two. In the tiny Polish village of Trawniki, the SS set up a school for mass murder and then recruited a roving army of foot soldiers, 5,000 men strong, to help annihilate the Jewish population of occupied Poland. After the war, some of these men vanished, making their way to the U.S. and blending into communities across America. Though they participated in some of the most unspeakable crimes of the Holocaust, "Trawniki Men" spent years hiding in plain sight, their terrible secrets intact. In a story spanning seven decades, Citizen 865 chronicles the harrowing wartime journeys of two Jewish orphans from occupied Poland who outran the men of Trawniki and settled in the United States, only to learn that some of their one-time captors had followed. A tenacious team of prosecutors and historians pursued these men and, up against the forces of time and political opposition, battled to the present day to remove them from U.S. soil. Through insider accounts and research in four countries, this urgent and powerful narrative provides a front row seat to the dramatic turn of events that allowed a small group of American Nazi hunters to hold murderous men accountable for their crimes decades after the war's end.
Download or read book Stalin's Defectors written by Mark Edele and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-06-16 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stalin's Defectors is the first systematic study of the phenomenon of frontline surrender to the Germans in the Soviet Union's 'Great Patriotic War' against the Nazis in 1941-1945. No other Allied army in the Second World War had such a large share of defectors among its prisoners of war. Based on a broad range of sources, this volume investigates the extent, the context, the scenarios, the reasons, the aftermath, and the historiography of frontline defection. It shows that the most widespread sentiments animating attempts to cross the frontline was a wish to survive this war. Disgruntlement with Stalin's 'socialism' was also prevalent among those who chose to give up and hand themselves over to the enemy. While politics thus played a prominent role in pushing people to commit treason, few desired to fight on the side of the enemy. Hence, while the phenomenon of frontline defection tells us much about the lack of popularity of Stalin's regime, it does not prove that the majority of the population was ready for resistance, let alone collaboration. Both sides of a long-standing debate between those who equate all Soviet captives with defectors, and those who attempt to downplay the phenomenon, then, over-stress their argument. Instead, more recent research on the moods of both the occupied and the unoccupied Soviet population shows that the majority understood its own interest in opposition to both Hitler's and Stalin's regime. The findings of Mark Edele in this study support such an interpretation.
Book Synopsis Investigating, Punishing, Agitating by : Katharina Rauschenberger
Download or read book Investigating, Punishing, Agitating written by Katharina Rauschenberger and published by Wallstein Verlag. This book was released on 2023-10-25 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Über die NS-Prozesse in Osteuropa in den 1960er Jahren und den Stellenwert des Holocaust darin. Etwa 15 Jahre nach Kriegsende kam es in vielen Staaten des Ostblocks zu einer zweiten Welle von Gerichtsverfahren gegen NS-Verbrecher, die anderen Logiken folgte als die Prozesse unmittelbar nach Kriegsende. Auf dem Höhepunkt des Kalten Krieges in den 1960er Jahren verpflichteten die Prozesse einerseits zu einer Zusammenarbeit zwischen Ost und West, andererseits waren sie bestimmt durch die Abwehrhaltung gegenüber dem jeweiligen Gegner im Systemkonflikt. Innerhalb des Ostblocks sollte durch ein abgestimmtes Vorgehen auf der internationalen Bühne Einigkeit demonstriert werden, gleichzeitig führten nationale Interessen zu je eigenen Wegen in der Strafverfolgung. Die in diesem Band zusammengetragenen Aufsätze widmen sich der Geschichte der Strafprozesse zu nationalsozialistischen Verbrechen in Ungarn, der DDR, Polen, der Tschechoslowakei und der Sowjetunion nach der "Tauwetterphase" und fragen nach den Voraussetzungen und Eigenheiten dieser Verfahren. Welche Regeln galten für die Prozesse? Welche Ziele verfolgten sie? Und nicht zuletzt: Welchen Stellenwert hatte der Holocaust bei der Aufklärung der Verbrechen? Der Band erscheint vollständig in englischer Sprache. __________ On the Nazi trials in Eastern Europe in the 1960s and the place of the Holocaust in them. About 15 years after the end of the war, a second wave of trials against Nazi criminals occurred in many Eastern Bloc states, which followed a different logic than the ones immediately after the war. At the height of the Cold War in the 1960s, the trials on the one hand obliged cooperation between East and West, on the other hand they were determined by the defensive attitude towards the respective opponent in the system conflict. Within the Eastern bloc, unity was to be demonstrated through a coordinated approach on the international stage, while at the same time national interests led to their own paths in criminal prosecution. The essays collected in this volume are devoted to the history of criminal trials on National Socialist crimes in Hungary, the GDR, Poland, Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union after the "thaw" and ask about the preconditions and peculiarities of these proceedings. What rules applied to the trials? What goals did they pursue? And last but not least: What significance did the Holocaust have in the clarification of the crimes?
Book Synopsis Joining Hitler's Crusade by : David Stahel
Download or read book Joining Hitler's Crusade written by David Stahel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A ground-breaking study that looks at why European nations sent troops to take part in Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union.
Book Synopsis The Coming of the Holocaust by : Peter Kenez
Download or read book The Coming of the Holocaust written by Peter Kenez and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-09-30 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Coming of the Holocaust aims to help readers understand the circumstances that made the Holocaust possible. Peter Kenez demonstrates that the occurrence of the Holocaust was not predetermined as a result of modern history but instead was the result of contingencies. He shows that three preconditions had to exist for the genocide to take place: modern anti-Semitism, meaning Jews had to become economically and culturally successful in the post-French Revolution world to arouse fear rather than contempt; an extremist group possessing a deeply held, irrational, and profoundly inhumane worldview had to take control of the machinery of a powerful modern state; and the context of a major war with mass killings. The book also discusses the correlations between social and historical differences in individual countries regarding the success of the Germans in their effort to exterminate Jews.
Download or read book The Waffen-SS written by Jochen Böhler and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From 1941, faced with a shortage of men, the Waffen-SS admitted or recruited by force hundreds of thousands of non-Germans to their ranks. This volume, from a team of international contributors, shows who these foreign recruits were, where they came from, what their wartime experiences were, and what happened to them after 1945.
Book Synopsis Hitler's Ostkrieg and the Indian Wars by : Edward B. Westermann
Download or read book Hitler's Ostkrieg and the Indian Wars written by Edward B. Westermann and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2016-10-13 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As he prepared to wage his war of annihilation on the Eastern Front, Adolf Hitler repeatedly drew parallels between the Nazi quest for Lebensraum, or living space, in Eastern Europe and the United States’s westward expansion under the banner of Manifest Destiny. The peoples of Eastern Europe were, he said, his “redskins,” and for his colonial fantasy of a “German East” he claimed a historical precedent in the United States’s displacement and killing of the native population. Edward B. Westermann examines the validity, and value, of this claim in Hitler's Ostkrieg and the Indian Wars. The book takes an empirical approach that highlights areas of similarity and continuity, but also explores key distinctions and differences between these two national projects. The westward march of American empire and the Nazi conquest of the East offer clear parallels, not least that both cases fused a sense of national purpose with racial stereotypes that aided in the exclusion, expropriation, and killing of peoples. Westermann evaluates the philosophies of Manifest Destiny and Lebensraum that justified both conquests, the national and administrative policies that framed Nazi and U.S. governmental involvement in these efforts, the military strategies that supported each nation’s political goals, and the role of massacre and atrocity in both processes. Important differences emerge: a goal of annihilation versus one of assimilation and acculturation; a planned military campaign versus a confused strategy of pacification and punishment; large-scale atrocity as routine versus massacre as exception. Comparative history at its best, Westermann’s assessment of these two national projects provides crucial insights into not only their rhetoric and pronouncements but also the application of policy and ideology “on the ground.” His sophisticated and nuanced revelations of the similarities and dissimilarities between these two cases will inform further study of genocide, as well as our understanding of the Nazi conquest of the East and the American conquest of the West.
Book Synopsis The Polish Underground and the Jews, 1939–1945 by : Joshua D. Zimmerman
Download or read book The Polish Underground and the Jews, 1939–1945 written by Joshua D. Zimmerman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-05 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zimmerman examines the attitude and behavior of the Polish Underground towards the Jews during the Holocaust.
Book Synopsis The Forgotten German Genocide by : Peter C. Brown
Download or read book The Forgotten German Genocide written by Peter C. Brown and published by Casemate Publishers. This book was released on 2021-07-31 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Potsdam Conference (officially known as the "Berlin Conference"), was held from 17 July to 2 August 1945 at Cecilienhof Palace, the home of Crown Prince Wilhelm, in Brandenburg, and saw the leaders of the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union and the United States, gathered together to decide how to demilitarize, denazify, decentralize, and administer Germany, which had agreed to unconditional surrender on 8 May (VE Day). They determined that the remaining German populations in Poland, Czechoslovakia and Hungary - both the ethnic (Sudeten) and the more recent arrivals (as part of the long-term plan for the domination of Eastern Europe) - should to be transferred to Germany, but despite an undertaking that these would be effected in an orderly and humane manner, the expulsions were carried out in a ruthless and often brutal manner. Land was seized with farms and houses expropriated; the occupants placed into camps prior to mass expulsion from the country. Many of these were labor camps already occupied by Jews who had survived the concentration camps, where they were equally unwelcome. Further cleansing was carried out in Romania and Yugoslavia, and by 1950, an estimated 11.5 million German people had been removed from Eastern Europe with up to three million dead. The number of ethnic Germans killed during the ‘cleansing’ period is suggested at 500,000, but in 1958, Statistisches Bundesamt (the Federal Statistical Office of Germany) published a report which gave the figure of 1.6 million relating to expulsion-related population losses in Poland alone. Further investigation may in due course provide a more accurate figure to avoid the accusation of sensationalism.
Book Synopsis Secret Intelligence and the Holocaust by : David Bankier
Download or read book Secret Intelligence and the Holocaust written by David Bankier and published by Enigma Books. This book was released on 2006-09-15 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ultimate proof of the ongoing massacre of the Jews and how the Allies found out.
Book Synopsis The Office of Special Investigations by : Judy Feigin
Download or read book The Office of Special Investigations written by Judy Feigin and published by . This book was released on 2014-07-01 with total page 626 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An account of the efforts of the U.S. government to locate, denaturalize and deport persons who assisted the Nazis and their allies in the persecution of civilians.
Book Synopsis A Surplus of Memory by : Yitzhak ("Antek") Zuckerman
Download or read book A Surplus of Memory written by Yitzhak ("Antek") Zuckerman and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2023-09-01 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1943, against utterly hopeless odds, the Jews of the Warsaw Ghetto rose up to defy the Nazi horror machine that had set out to exterminate them. One of the leaders of the Jewish Fighting Organization, which led the uprisings, was Yitzhak Zuckerman, known by his underground pseudonym, Antek. Decades later, living in Israel, Antek dictated his memoirs. The Hebrew publication of Those Seven Years: 1939-1946 was a major event in the historiography of the Holocaust, and now Antek's memoirs are available in English. Unlike Holocaust books that focus on the annihilation of European Jews, Antek's account is of the daily struggle to maintain human dignity under the most dreadful conditions. His passionate, involved testimony, which combines detail, authenticity, and gripping immediacy, has unique historical importance. The memoirs situate the ghetto and the resistance in the social and political context that preceded them, when prewar Zionist and Socialist youth movements were gradually forged into what became the first significant armed resistance against the Nazis in all of occupied Europe. Antek also describes the activities of the resistance after the destruction of the ghetto, when 20,000 Jews hid in "Aryan" Warsaw and then participated in illegal immigration to Palestine after the war. The only extensive document by any Jewish resistance leader in Europe, Antek's book is central to understanding ghetto life and underground activities, Jewish resistance under the Nazis, and Polish-Jewish relations during and after the war. This extraordinary work is a fitting monument to the heroism of a people.
Book Synopsis The Treblinka Death Camp by : Chris Chocolatý, Michal Webb
Download or read book The Treblinka Death Camp written by Chris Chocolatý, Michal Webb and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-03-16 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A number of books have been written on the death camp of Treblinka, but The Treblinka Death Camp: History, Biographies, Remembrance is unique. Webb and Chocolaty present the definitive account of one of history's most infamous factories of death where approximately 800,000 people lost their lives. The Nazis who ran it, the Ukrainian guards and maids, the Jewish survivors and the Poles living in the camp's shadow—every angle is covered in this astonishingly comprehensive work. The book attempts to provide a Roll of Remembrance with biographies of the Jews who perished in the death camp as well as of those who escaped from Treblinka in individual efforts or as part of the mass prisoner uprising on August 2nd, 1943. It also includes unique and previously unpublished sketches of the camp's ramp area and gas chamber, drawn by the survivors. For this second, revised edition, the authors incorporated new information and provided sources for the Jewish Roll of Remembrance. A significant number of new entries have been added. The Roll of Remembrance has also been greatly expanded to include the names of Jews deported from Germany to Treblinka. In addition, more names have been added to the Perpetrators’ biographies, and other entries have also been enhanced with additional information.
