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Transport Phenomena In Thermoelectric And Ferromagnetic Nanostructures
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Book Synopsis Transport Phenomena in Thermoelectric and Ferromagnetic Nanostructures by : Johannes Kimling
Download or read book Transport Phenomena in Thermoelectric and Ferromagnetic Nanostructures written by Johannes Kimling and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2013-09-23 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on transport phenomena in a variety of materials has played a decisive role in the development of solidstate physics and has led to important applications of functional materials, e.g. for the conversion and storage of energy or in the fi eld of storage and processing of data. This thesis deals with transport phenomena in nanoscale systems. The Seebeck effect is explored in Bi2Te3 nanowires, the anisotropic magnetothermal resistance effect in Ni nanowires, and the giant magnetothermal resistance effect in Co/Cu multilayers.
Book Synopsis Transport Phenomena in Thermoelectric and Ferromagnetic Nanostructures by : Johannes Georg Kimling
Download or read book Transport Phenomena in Thermoelectric and Ferromagnetic Nanostructures written by Johannes Georg Kimling and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spin Dependent Transport in Magnetic Nanostructures by : Sadamichi Maekawa
Download or read book Spin Dependent Transport in Magnetic Nanostructures written by Sadamichi Maekawa and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-07-11 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In magnetic systems of nano-meter size, the interplay between spin and charge of electrons provides unique transport phenomena. In magnetic superlattices, magnetic and non-magnetic metallic thin films with thickness of the order of one nano-meter are piled-up alternately. Since the discovery of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in these superlattices in 1988, spin dependent transport phenomena in magnetic nanostructures have received much attention from both academic and technological points of view. Ferromagnetic tunnel junctions made of ferromagnetic metal electrodes and a very thin insulating barrier between them are also of current interest as magnetoresistive devices, where the tunneling current depends on the relative orientation of magnetization (TMR). In addition to magnetic superlattices and magnetic tunnel junctions, magnetic granular systems and magnetic dots have been studied extensively as magnetoresistive systems. Edited by two of the world's leading authorities, Spin Dependent Transport in Magnetic Nanostructures introduces and explains the basic physics and applications of a variety of spin-dependent transport phenomena in magnetic nanostructures with particular emphasis on magnetic multilayers and magnetic tunnel junctions.
Book Synopsis Transport Phenomena in Micro- and Nanoscale Functional Materials and Devices by : Joao B. Sousa
Download or read book Transport Phenomena in Micro- and Nanoscale Functional Materials and Devices written by Joao B. Sousa and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2021-03-23 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transport Phenomena in Micro- and Nanoscale Functional Materials and Devices offers a pragmatic view on transport phenomena for micro- and nanoscale materials and devices, both as a research tool and as a means to implant new functions in materials. Chapters emphasize transport properties (TP) as a research tool at the micro/nano level and give an experimental view on underlying techniques. The relevance of TP is highlighted through the interplay between a micro/nanocarrier’s characteristics and media characteristics: long/short-range order and disorder excitations, couplings, and in energy conversions. Later sections contain case studies on the role of transport properties in functional nanomaterials. This includes transport in thin films and nanostructures, from nanogranular films, to graphene and 2D semiconductors and spintronics, and from read heads, MRAMs and sensors, to nano-oscillators and energy conversion, from figures of merit, micro-coolers and micro-heaters, to spincaloritronics. Presents a pragmatic description of electrical transport phenomena in micro- and nanoscale materials and devices from an experimental viewpoint Provides an in-depth overview of the experimental techniques available to measure transport phenomena in micro- and nanoscale materials Features case studies to illustrate how each technique works Highlights emerging areas of interest in micro- and nanomaterial transport phenomena, including spintronics
Book Synopsis Theory and Simulation Methods for Electronic and Phononic Transport in Thermoelectric Materials by : Neophytos Neophytou
Download or read book Theory and Simulation Methods for Electronic and Phononic Transport in Thermoelectric Materials written by Neophytos Neophytou and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-16 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces readers to state-of-the-art theoretical and simulation techniques for determining transport in complex band structure materials and nanostructured-geometry materials, linking the techniques developed by the electronic transport community to the materials science community. Starting from the semi-classical Boltzmann Transport Equation method for complex band structure materials, then moving on to Monte Carlo and fully quantum mechanical models for nanostructured materials, the book addresses the theory and computational complexities of each method, as well as their advantages and capabilities. Presented in language that is accessible to junior computational scientists, while including enough detail and depth with regards to numerical implementation to tackle modern research problems, it offers a valuable resource for computational scientists and postgraduate researchers whose work involves the theory and simulation of electro-thermal transport in advanced materials.
Book Synopsis Thermal and Thermoelectric Transport in Organic and Inorganic Nanostructures by : Annie C. Weathers
Download or read book Thermal and Thermoelectric Transport in Organic and Inorganic Nanostructures written by Annie C. Weathers and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal transport in nanowires and nanotubes has attached much attention due to their use in various functional devices and their use as a model system for low dimensional transport phenomena. The precise control of the crystal structure, defects, characteristic size, and electronic properties of nanowires has allowed for fundamental studies of phonon and electron transport in a variety of nanoscale systems. The thermal conductivity in nanostructured materials can vary greatly compared to bulk values owing to classical and quantum size effects. In this work, two model systems for investigating fundamental phonon transport were investigated for potential use in thermoelectric and thermal management applications. The thermoelectric properties of twin defect indium arsenide nanowires and the thermal conductivity of polythiophene nanofibers with improved polymer chain crystallinity were measured with a microfabricated measurement device. The effects of twin planes on reducing the mean free path of phonons in indium arsenide and the effects of improved chain alignment in increasing the thermal conductivity in polymer fibers is discussed.
Book Synopsis Transport In Multilayered Nanostructures: The Dynamical Mean-field Theory Approach by : James K Freericks
Download or read book Transport In Multilayered Nanostructures: The Dynamical Mean-field Theory Approach written by James K Freericks and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2006-09-15 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This novel book is the first comprehensive text on dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT), which has emerged over the past two decades as one of the most powerful new developments in many-body physics. Written by one of the key researchers in the field, the volume develops the formalism of many-body Green's functions using the equation of motion approach, which requires an undergraduate solid state physics course and a graduate quantum mechanics course as prerequisites. The DMFT is applied to study transport in multilayered nanostructures, which is likely to be one of the most prominent applications of nanotechnology in the coming years. The text is modern in scope focusing on exact numerical methods rather than the perturbation theory. Formalism is developed first for the bulk and then for the inhomogeneous multilayered systems. The science behind the metal-insulator transition, electronic charge reconstruction, and superconductivity are thoroughly described. The book covers complete derivations and emphasizes how to carry out numerical calculations, including discussions of parallel programing algorithms. Detailed descriptions of the crossover from tunneling to thermally activated transport, of the properties of Josephson junctions with barriers tuned near the metal-insulator transition, and of thermoelectric coolers and power generators are provided as applications of the theory./a
Book Synopsis Transport In Multilayered Nanostructures: The Dynamical Mean-field Theory Approach (Second Edition) by : James K Freericks
Download or read book Transport In Multilayered Nanostructures: The Dynamical Mean-field Theory Approach (Second Edition) written by James K Freericks and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2016-03-15 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last 25 years, dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) has emerged as one of the most powerful new developments in many-body physics. Written by one of the key researchers in the field, this book presents the first comprehensive treatment of this ever-developing topic. Transport in Mutlilayered Nanostructures is varied and modern in its scope, and:A series of over 50 problems help develop the skills to allow readers to reach the level of being able to contribute to research. This book is suitable for an advanced graduate course in DMFT, and for individualized study by graduate students, postdoctoral fellows and advanced researchers wishing to enter the field.
Book Synopsis Superconductor/ferromagnet Nanostructures: An Illustration Of The Physics Of Hybrid Nanomaterials by : Oriol T Valls
Download or read book Superconductor/ferromagnet Nanostructures: An Illustration Of The Physics Of Hybrid Nanomaterials written by Oriol T Valls and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2022-01-14 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It used to be difficult to reliably fabricate clean heterostructures using magnetic and superconducting layers. Today this is no longer the case; such reproducible superconductor/ferromagnet heterostructures enable the quantitative study of the rich and varied phenomena associated with ferromagnet/superconductor proximity effects. These structures are eminent, suitable candidates for many switching devices, ranging from non-volatile low power memory elements to quantum computing applications involving Josephson junctions.This book's main purpose is to explain how the equilibrium and transport properties of these heterostructures can be accurately calculated starting from a standard BCS type Hamiltonian. The main techniques, including both analytical and numerical methods, are discussed in detail. Results obtained from these calculations are shown to be in excellent quantitative agreement with experiment.This is a theory book, but the theory is neither abstruse nor esoteric. Knowledge of only introductory graduate physics has been assumed; a solid undergraduate training and a bit of perseverance would also be enough. This book can easily be read and understood by experimentalists, and just about anybody can grasp the basics by referring to the figures and explanations. Quite apart from the manifold applications of superconductor/ferromagnet nanostructures, studying them provides us with considerable insights into fundamental physics and the general study of hybrid nanomaterials.
Book Synopsis Spin-dependent Transport Phenomena in Magnetic Nanostructures by : A. S. Sahakyan
Download or read book Spin-dependent Transport Phenomena in Magnetic Nanostructures written by A. S. Sahakyan and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Simultaneous Transport Measurements and Highly Resolved Domain Observation of Ferromagnetic Nanostructures by : Thomas Haug
Download or read book Simultaneous Transport Measurements and Highly Resolved Domain Observation of Ferromagnetic Nanostructures written by Thomas Haug and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Functional Nanostructures and Metamaterials for Superconducting Spintronics by : Anatolie Sidorenko
Download or read book Functional Nanostructures and Metamaterials for Superconducting Spintronics written by Anatolie Sidorenko and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-20 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book demonstrates how the new phenomena in the nanometer scale serve as the basis for the invention and development of novel nanoelectronic devices and how they are used for engineering nanostructures and metamaterials with unusual properties. It discusses topics such as superconducting spin-valve effect and thermal spin transport, which are important for developing spintronics; fabrication of nanostructures from antagonistic materials like ferromagnets and superconductors, which lead to a novel non-conventional FFLO-superconducting state; calculations of functional nanostructures with an exotic triplet superconductivity, which are the basis for novel nanoelectronic devices, such as superconducting spin valve, thin-film superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) and memory-elements (MRAM). Starting with theoretical chapters about triplet superconductivity, the book then introduces new ideas and approaches in the fundamentals of superconducting electronics. It presents various quantum devices based on the new theoretical approaches, demonstrating the enormous potential of the electronics of 21st century - spintronics. The book is useful for a broad audience, including researchers, engineers, PhD graduates, students and others wanting to gain insights into the frontiers of nanoscience.
Book Synopsis Phonon Thermal Transport in Silicon-based Nanomaterials by : Hai-Peng Li
Download or read book Phonon Thermal Transport in Silicon-based Nanomaterials written by Hai-Peng Li and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this Brief, authors introduce the advance in theoretical and experimental techniques for determining the thermal conductivity in nanomaterials, and focus on review of their recent theoretical studies on the thermal properties of silicon-based nanomaterials, such as zero-dimensional silicon nanoclusters, one-dimensional silicon nanowires, and graphenelike two-dimensional silicene. The specific subject matters covered include: size effect of thermal stability and phonon thermal transport in spherical silicon nanoclusters, surface effects of phonon thermal transport in silicon nanowires, and defects effects of phonon thermal transport in silicene. The results obtained are supplemented by numerical calculations, presented as tables and figures. The potential applications of these findings in nanoelectrics and thermoelectric energy conversion are also discussed. In this regard, this Brief represents an authoritative, systematic, and detailed description of the current status of phonon thermal transport in silicon-based nanomaterials. This Brief should be a highly valuable reference for young scientists and postgraduate students active in the fields of nanoscale thermal transport and silicon-based nanomaterials.
Book Synopsis Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Thermal and Thermoelectric Transport in Nanostructures by : Arden Lot Moore
Download or read book Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Thermal and Thermoelectric Transport in Nanostructures written by Arden Lot Moore and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work presents the development and application of analytical, numerical, and experimental methods for the study of thermal and electrical transport in nanoscale systems, with special emphasis on those materials and phenomena which can be important in thermoelectric and semiconductor device applications. Analytical solutions to the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) using the relaxation time approximation (RTA) are presented and used to study the thermal and electrical transport properties of indium antimonide (InSb), indium arsenide (InAs), bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3), and chromium disilicide (CrSi2) nanowires. Experimental results for the thermal conductivity of single layer graphene supported by SiO2 were analyzed using an RTA-based model and compared to a full quantum mechanical numerical BTE solution which does not rely on the RTA. The ability of these models to explain the measurement results as well as differences between the two approaches are discussed. Alternatively, numerical solutions to the BTE may be obtained statistically through Monte Carlo simulation for complex geometries which may prove intractable for analytical methods. Following this approach, phonon transport in silicon (Si) sawtooth nanowires was studied, revealing that thermal conductivity suppression below the diffuse surface limit is possible. The experimental investigation of energy transport in nanostructures typically involved the use of microfabricated devices or non-contact optical methods. In this work, two such approaches were analyzed to ascertain their thermal behavior and overall accuracy as well as areas for possible improvement. A Raman spectroscopy-based measurement design for investigating the thermal properties of suspended and supported graphene was examined analytically. The resulting analysis provided a means of determining from measurement results the thermal interface conductance, thermal contact resistance, and thermal conductivity of the suspended and supported graphene regions. Previously, microfabricated devices of several different designs have been used to experimentally measure the thermal transport characteristics of nanostructures such as carbon nanotubes, nanowires, and thin films. To ascertain the accuracy and limitations of various microdevice designs and their associated conduction analyses, finite element models were constructed using ANSYS and measurements of samples of known thermal conductance were simulated. It was found that designs with the sample suspended were generally more accurate than those for which the sample is supported on a bridge whose conductance is measured separately. The effects of radiation loss to the environment of certain device designs were also studied, demonstrating the need for radiation shielding to be at temperatures close to that of the device substrate in order to accurately calibrate the resistance thermometers. Using a suspended microdevice like those analyzed using finite element analysis, the thermal conductivities of individual bismuth (Bi) nanowires were measured. The results were correlated with the crystal structure and growth direction obtained by transmission electron microscopy on the same nanowires. Compared to bulk Bi in the same crystal direction, the thermal conductivity of a single-crystal Bi nanowires of 232 nm diameter was found to be 3 - 6 times smaller than bulk between 100 K and 300 K. For polycrystalline Bi nanowires of 74 nm to 255 nm diameter the thermal conductivity was reduced by a factor of 18 - 78 over the same temperature range. Comparable thermal conductivity values were measured for polycrystalline nanowires of varying diameters, suggesting a grain boundary scattering mean free path for all heat carriers in the range of 15 - 40 nm which is smaller than the nanowire diameters. An RTA-based transport model for both charge carriers and phonons was developed which explains the thermal conductivity suppression in the single-crystal nanowire by considering diffuse phonon-surface scattering, partially diffuse surface scattering of electrons and holes, and scattering of phonons and charge carriers by ionized impurities such as oxygen and carbon of a concentration on the order of 1019 cm−3. Using a similar experimental setup, the thermoelectric properties (Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity) of higher manganese silicide (HMS) nanostructures were investigated. Bulk HMS is a passable high temperature thermoelectric material which possesses a complex crystal structure that could lead to very interesting and useful nanoscale transport properties. The thermal conductivities of HMS nanowires and nanoribbons were found to be reduced by 50 - 60 % compared to bulk values in the same crystal direction for both nanoribbons and nanowires. The measured Seebeck coefficient data was comparable or below that of bulk, suggesting unintentional doping of the samples either during growth or sample preparation. Difficulty in determining the amorphous oxide layer thickness for nanoribbons samples necessitated using the total, oxide-included cross section in the thermal and electrical conductivity calculation. This in turn led to the determined electrical conductivity values representing the lower bound on the actual electrical conductivity of the HMS core. From this approach, the measured electrical conductivity values were comparable or slightly below the lower end of bulk electrical conductivity values. This oxide thickness issue affects the determination of the HMS nanostructure thermoelectric figure of merit ZT as well, though the lower bound values obtained here were found to still be comparable to or slightly smaller than the expected bulk values in the same crystal direction. Analytical modeling also indicates higher doping than in bulk. Overall, HMS nanostructures appear to have the potential to demonstrate measurable size-induced ZT enhancement, especially if optimal doping and control over the crystallographic growth direction can be achieved. However, experimental methods to achieve reliable electrical contact to quality four-probe samples needs to be improved in order to fully investigate the thermoelectric potential of HMS nanostructures.
Book Synopsis Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology by : Bharat Bhushan
Download or read book Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology written by Bharat Bhushan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-01-19 with total page 1232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This major work has established itself as the definitive reference in the nanoscience and nanotechnology area in one volume. In presents nanostructures, micro/nanofabrication, and micro/nanodevices. Special emphasis is on scanning probe microscopy, nanotribology and nanomechanics, molecularly thick films, industrial applications and microdevice reliability, and on social aspects. Reflecting further developments, the new edition has grown from six to eight parts. The latest information is added to fields such as bionanotechnology, nanorobotics, and NEMS/MEMS reliability. This classic reference book is orchestrated by a highly experienced editor and written by a team of distinguished experts for those learning about the field of nanotechnology.
Book Synopsis Four-probe Thermal and Thermoelectric Transport Measurements of Bismuth Antimony Telluride, Silicon, and Boron Arsenide Nanostructures by : Jae Hyun Kim (Ph. D.)
Download or read book Four-probe Thermal and Thermoelectric Transport Measurements of Bismuth Antimony Telluride, Silicon, and Boron Arsenide Nanostructures written by Jae Hyun Kim (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal management in electronic devices has become a significant challenge because of the high power density in nanoelectronic devices. This challenge calls for a better understanding of thermal transport processes in nanostructures and devices, as well as new thermal management approaches such as high thermal conductivity materials and efficient on-chip thermoelectric coolers. While several experimental methods have been developed to investigate size-dependent thermal and thermoelectric properties, there are a number of limitations in the current experimental capability in probing nanoscale thermal and thermoelectric transport properties. Among these limitations is the difficulty in determining and eliminating the contact thermal resistance error so as to obtain the intrinsic thermal and thermoelectric properties of nanostructures. This dissertation presents an effort to develop new experimental methods for uncovering the intrinsic thermal and thermoelectric properties of nanostructures, and the applications of these methods for investigating the thermal and thermoelectric transport phenomena in three materials systems. The intrinsic thermoelectric properties of bismuth antimony telluride nanostructures, which are synthesized by two different methods, are characterized with a four-probe thermoelectric measurement method based on a suspended device. The obtained thermoelectric property reveals a transition from n-type to p-type electronic transport as the antimony to bismuth ratio is increased to about 0.25. The peak zT was found when this ratio is close to 0.5. A new four-probe thermal transport measurement method is established in this work to probe both the contact thermal resistance and intrinsic thermal resistance of a nanostructure, which can be either an electrical conductor or insulator. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated with its use to reveal size-dependent thermal conductivity of patterned silicon nanowires. The new four-probe measurement method is employed to obtain both the intrinsic thermal and thermoelectric properties of nanostructures of boron arsenide (BAs) with potentially record high thermal conductivity. The measurement results suggest that the thermal conductivity of one of such sample with an equivalent diameter of about 1.1 [mu] m is higher than that of bulk silicon, despite pronounced phonon scattering by surface roughness and point defects associated with arsenic vacancies. In addition, high thermoelectric power factor was measured on the BAs sample.
Book Synopsis Electrical Transport in Nanoscale Systems by : Massimiliano Di Ventra
Download or read book Electrical Transport in Nanoscale Systems written by Massimiliano Di Ventra and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years there has been a huge increase in the research and development of nanoscale science and technology. Central to the understanding of the properties of nanoscale structures is the modeling of electronic conduction through these systems. This graduate textbook provides an in-depth description of the transport phenomena relevant to systems of nanoscale dimensions. In this textbook the different theoretical approaches are critically discussed, with emphasis on their basic assumptions and approximations. The book also covers information content in the measurement of currents, the role of initial conditions in establishing a steady state, and the modern use of density-functional theory. Topics are introduced by simple physical arguments, with particular attention to the non-equilibrium statistical nature of electrical conduction, and followed by a detailed formal derivation. This textbook is ideal for graduate students in physics, chemistry, and electrical engineering.
