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Transfer Pricing The Cloud
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Book Synopsis Taxing the Cloud : Transfer Pricing Considerations by : O. Mazur
Download or read book Taxing the Cloud : Transfer Pricing Considerations written by O. Mazur and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article discusses how cloud computing strains traditional transfer pricing principles and allows for base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) by multinational enterprises. It offers several suggestions for a more equitable allocation of profits.
Book Synopsis International Taxation of Cloud Computing by : Alexander Weisser
Download or read book International Taxation of Cloud Computing written by Alexander Weisser and published by Éditions juridiques libres / Freier juristischer Verlag. This book was released on 2020-10-07 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cloud computing may be borderless, but taxes are territorial. It is easy to imagine how the two concepts can clash. Much effort has gone into harmonizing tax rules across borders with the result that many jurisdictions have very similar tax rules. Even so, taxation remains a basic expression of national sovereignty. The goal of this thesis is to examine how international tax law applies to the cross-border cloud computing business. Both, multinational providers and customers of cloud computing services are analyzed. Reflecting three traditional areas of international tax scholarship, the goal could be stated in three questions. Which jurisdictions have the right to tax? What kinds of cloud computing transactions can be taxed? What amount of the profit is taxable? In more technical terms, this means enquiring into how the use of cloud computing affects the permanent establishment status of taxpayers, how the different kinds of cloud computing transactions are characterized under international double taxation treaties, and how the calculation of taxable cloud computing profit is affected by transfer pricing. In light of the current political events, the thesis also offers recommendations de lege lata through a systematic approach. Its first part assesses the current taxation of cloud computing. The second part evaluates whether the findings of this initial assessment conform to various superior principles of good rulemaking. It identifies which of the present tax rules ought to be adapted. The final part considers how the rules could be amended to become more compliant with the superior principles. In this way, Part I embodies the thesis, Part II the antithesis, and Part III seeks a synthesis.
Book Synopsis Transfer Pricing Survival Guide by : Oliver Treidler
Download or read book Transfer Pricing Survival Guide written by Oliver Treidler and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2023-04-19 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transfer Pricing is an issue that has material implications for tax risks faced by MNEs. Yet, pragmatic guidance on identifying and managing transfer pricing risk is lacking. Consequently, CFOs and other stakeholders tend to underestimate risks while overestimating the costs for mitigating such risks. The first objective of the Survival Guide is to shed light on typical transfer pricing risks and provide an intuitive "risk matrix" that is designed to help CFOs as well as tax advisors to develop a quantitative understanding of the relevant risks. The second objective is to outline targeted mitigation strategies. The mitigation strategies outlined in the Survival Guide are based on pragmatic considerations rather than complex analysis. The aim is to provide you with concise explanations and help you to differentiate between tasks that are considered a "must" for mitigation purposes and those that can be regarded as merely "nice to have" The immediate utilization of the Survival Guide is as a frame of reference for making informed decisions about the scope and target of your transfer pricing projects. The Survival Guide presents a framework for thinking about transfer pricing risk that will also benefit tax professionals as well as academics with an interest in understanding the nature of transfer pricing risks.
Book Synopsis Transfer Pricing in Action by : Althea Azeff
Download or read book Transfer Pricing in Action written by Althea Azeff and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2013-07-01 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Business tax strategy is at its most challenging when success ushers in the promise of major growth. At this ‘moment of truth’ the thorny special issues associated with international expansion loom over the fate of the company. These issues can be summarized in two words: transfer pricing. In this extended hypothetical case history, presented in narrative style with an abundance of graphic material, the authors lay bare the minutest details of transfer pricing planning and how the process engages and affects the ambitions, insights, and interactions of the group of business people and advisors involved. Because of this exposure to decision making and consulting dynamics, the reader gets a taste of the trade-off between ‘correctness’ and practicality. In fact, a more practical approach to the subject is hard to imagine. The book’s format, innovative in every way, finds plenty of room to define every term, cite every source, and describe every opportunity or pitfall affecting the tax aspects of such processes as moving into new jurisdictions, restructuring operations to create regional or global centres of excellence, or changing supply chains. Scores of information-packed tables, graphs, flowcharts, and other illustrations – often in the form of slide presentation screens or ‘real-world boxes’ – enhance the in-depth discussion of such aspects of international tax planning as the following (among much else): choice of tax status; investors and control; licensing and intellectual property issues; accounting methods; recruiting foreign personnel; and tax audits by revenue authorities. In a business environment where transfer pricing has emerged as the most dynamic area of international taxation, following extensive legislative activity and rulemaking, this remarkable book bridges the abstract theory of transfer pricing and its everyday practice in a very accessible way. No other book on the subject is so practical or so down to earth. Lawyers and other professionals in international taxation and tax law will find it enormously appealing, informative, and useful.
Book Synopsis International Taxation of Cloud Computing by : Alexander Weisser
Download or read book International Taxation of Cloud Computing written by Alexander Weisser and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cloud computing may be borderless, but taxes are territorial. It is easy to imagine how the two concepts can clash. Much effort has gone into harmonizing tax rules across borders with the result that many jurisdictions have very similar tax rules. Even so, taxation remains a basic expression of national sovereignty. The goal of this thesis is to examine how international tax law applies to the cross-border cloud computing business. Both, multinational providers and customers of cloud computing services are analyzed. Reflecting three traditional areas of international tax scholarship, the goal could be stated in three questions. Which jurisdictions have the right to tax? What kinds of cloud computing transactions can be taxed? What amount of the profitt is taxable? In more technical terms, this means enquiring into how the use of cloud computing affects the permanent establishment status of taxpayers, how the different kinds of cloud computing transactions are characterized under international double taxation treaties, and how the calculation of taxable cloud computing profit is affected by transfer pricing. In light of the current political events, the thesis also offers recommendations de lege lata through a systematic approach. Its first part assesses the current taxation of cloud computing. The second part evaluates whether the findings of this initial assessment conform to various superior principles of good rulemaking. It identifies which of the present tax rules ought to be adapted. The final part considers how the rules could be amended to become more compliant with the superior principles. In this way, Part I embodies the thesis, Part II the antithesis, and Part III seeks a synthesis.
Book Synopsis Transfer Pricing Challenges in the Cloud by : O. Mazur
Download or read book Transfer Pricing Challenges in the Cloud written by O. Mazur and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cloud computing has fundamentally changed how companies operate. Companies have quickly adapted by moving their businesses to the cloud, but international tax standards have failed to follow suit. As a result, taxpayers and tax administrations confront significant tax challenges in applying outdated tax principles to this new environment. One particular area that raises perplexing tax issues is the transfer pricing rules. The transfer pricing rules set forth the intercompany price a cloud service provider must charge an affiliate using its cloud services, which ultimately affects the determination of the jurisdiction in which the company's profits are taxed. This article argues that, due to the nature of the cloud, the current transfer pricing rules give U.S. multinational enterprises substantial freedom to shift profits to low-tax jurisdictions and avoid tax in the United States in a practice commonly referred to as base erosion and profit shiftingm (BEPS). This type of aggressive international tax planning has become a pressing problem worldwide that poses a serious risk to tax sovereignty, tax fairness, and the integrity of the corporate income tax. The OECD launched an action plan to address the BEPS problem, but the OECD's work falls short of coming up with an innovative solution that will minimize the artificial shifting of profits abroad. In response, this article recommends that, given the features of this new business environment, an international tax reform solution that adopts formulary apportionment or the profit-split methodology on a coordinated global basis would better address BEPS and minimize the undesirable policy results of our current transfer pricing rules.
Download or read book Transfer Pricing written by Alan Paisey and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2012 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an introduction to transfer pricing with particular reference to China, for those who are looking for an overview that can be rapidly comprehended and who value diagrammatic images as a vehicle for learning. The subject is of importance both for Chinese and foreign personnel engaged in foreign company activity in China and for those who are similarly engaged in Chinese-owned companies already operating abroad, or which are to be extended to foreign locations.
Book Synopsis Transfer Pricing Developments Around the World 2022 by : Michael Lang
Download or read book Transfer Pricing Developments Around the World 2022 written by Michael Lang and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2022-10-11 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intensive work on transfer pricing, one of the most relevant and challenging topics in the international tax environment, continues to increase worldwide at every level of government and international policy with a far-reaching impact on countries’ legislations, administrative guidelines, and jurisprudence. This book presents an in-depth, issue-by-issue analysis of the current state of developments along with suggestions for future solutions to the problems raised. Emerging from the research conducted by the WU Transfer Pricing Center at the Institute for Austrian and International Tax Law at WU (Vienna University of Economics and Business), this book offers eight topic-based chapters prepared by international experts on transfer pricing. Greatly helping to define recent transfer pricing issues around the world, this book encompasses the following topics: Global Transfer Pricing Developments. Transfer Pricing Developments in the European Union. Transfer Pricing Developments in the United States. Transfer Pricing Developments in Developing Countries and Emerging Economies. Recent Developments on Transfer Pricing in the Post-Covid-19 Era. Recent Developments on Transfer Pricing and Substance. Recent Developments on Transfer Pricing and Business Restructurings. Recent Developments on Transfer Pricing and New Technologies. The intense work of international organizations such as the OECD, UN, and other international organizations, as well as the intense work of the EU, is thoroughly analyzed in this book. The detailed analysis will be of immeasurable value to the various players, including international organizations, the business community and advisory firms, corporate CEOs and CFOs, and government officials as well as to tax lawyers, in-house counsel, and interested academics in facilitating efficient dialog and a coordinated approach to transfer pricing in the future.
Book Synopsis Transfer Pricing the Cloud by : Sterling Jones
Download or read book Transfer Pricing the Cloud written by Sterling Jones and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Informational Technology (IT) services today form a core component of most multinational enterprises in their mission to deliver goods and services and realize a profit. Cloud computing is the newest mechanism to deliver IT goods and services. Given this new global market place, international taxation systems have not grown as fast the economy. These conditions create opportunities for Multinational Enterprises (MNE) to structure their operations, particularly IT and cloud computing, in a way to minimize their tax burdens through location in low or no tax jurisdictions. This results in a diminution in tax revenue, or base erosion, and is the consequence of intangibles being shifted to no or low tax jurisdictions with the corresponding income they generate, being attributed to those jurisdictions and taxed accordingly under existing frameworks. As a result, there exist gaps within this international framework that lead to low or no taxation and stranded cash offshore. The OECD coined the term Base Erosion Profit Shifting, or BEPS, to describe this issue. Cloud computing is the most recent iteration of base erosion and profit-shifting that is facing multinational enterprises and taxing sovereigns. BEPS is the taxation practice of shifting income to alternate low or no tax jurisdictions. MNEs accomplish this by shifting intangible items that generate income, such as royalties, rentals, and leases, to entities in jurisdictions that levy low or no tax. The resulting diminution in the home country's tax revenue base generated enough concern amongst the G-20 that they petitioned the OECD to address BEPS and prepare an Action Plan. The resulting action plan addresses BEPS in a broad fashion, however, for purposes of this paper, it will focus on BEPS as it pertains to Cloud Computing to highlight some of the major issues facing MNEs, law firms, accountants, and taxing sovereigns.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Transfer Pricing by : Jerome Monsenego
Download or read book Introduction to Transfer Pricing written by Jerome Monsenego and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2022-11-22 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transfer pricing refers to the pricing of cross-border intercompany transactions. Transfer prices influence the tax base of multinational enterprises, and thus also the fiscal revenues of the countries where they are doing business. The importance of transfer pricing has significantly expanded over time and culminated with the work of the OECD on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS). With the globalisation of business activities, the need for States to prevent tax avoidance, and the risk of double taxation faced by multinational enterprises, transfer pricing has become a key question for multinational enterprises and tax administrations alike. Introduction to Transfer Pricing intends at providing a general introduction to the fundamentals of transfer pricing. The book is focused on explanations of the principles that apply, albeit to various extents, in most countries. Although the majority of these principles are provided by the OECD the views of other international organisations – in particular the United Nations and the European Union – are also taken into account. Moreover, the book illustrates the fundamentals of transfer pricing with concrete examples based on the structures often used by multinational enterprises when conducting cross-border business activities. Also included are relevant court cases from a variety of countries. Among the issues and topics covered are the following: the arm’s length principle in theory and practice; transfer pricing methods; intercompany transactions involving intangibles and financial transactions; common types of transfer pricing models; cross-border business restructurings; the substance requirement for transfer pricing purposes; attribution of profits to permanent establishments; and the prevention and resolution of transfer pricing disputes. This second edition was updated based on the 2022 OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines and the 2021 UN Transfer Pricing Manual.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Transfer Pricing by : Michael Lang
Download or read book Fundamentals of Transfer Pricing written by Michael Lang and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2021-06-18 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transfer pricing is one of the most relevant and challenging topics in international taxation. Over the last century, nearly every country in the world introduced transfer pricing rules into their domestic legislation. Indeed, it was estimated that profit shifting generated by the improper application of transfer pricing rules has resulted in global tax losses worth USD 500 billion for governments – 20% of all corporate tax revenues. It is thus imperative that all tax professionals thoroughly understand the nature of transfer pricing and how the growing body of applicable rules works in practice. In this crucially significant volume, stakeholders from government, multinational companies, international organisations, advisory groups and academia offer deeply informed perspectives, both general and specific, on the practical application of transfer pricing rules, taking into consideration all the most recent developments. With approximately 160 practical examples and 90 relevant international judicial precedents, the presentation proceeds from general to more specialised topics. Such aspects of the subject as the following are thoroughly analysed: what is transfer pricing and the purpose of transfer pricing rules; the arm’s length principle and its application; the consequences of a transaction not being in accordance with the arm’s length principle; the transfer pricing methods; the mechanisms to avoid and resolve disputes; the transfer pricing documentation; the attribution of profits to permanent establishments; the transfer pricing aspects of specific transactions, such as services, financing, intangibles and business restructurings. The application of transfer pricing legislation is arguably the most difficult task that taxpayers and tax authorities around the world must face. With this authoritative source of practical guidance, government officials, tax lawyers, in-house tax counsel, academics, advisory firms, the business community and other stakeholders worldwide will have all the detail they need to move forward in tackling this thorny aspect of the current tax environment.
Book Synopsis Transfer Pricing Developments Around the World 2020 by : Michael Lang
Download or read book Transfer Pricing Developments Around the World 2020 written by Michael Lang and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2020-09-28 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intensive work on transfer pricing, one of the most relevant and challenging topics in the international tax environment, continues to increase worldwide at every level of government and international policy with far-reaching impact on countries’ legislations, administrative guidelines and jurisprudence. This book presents an in-depth, issue-by-issue analysis of the current state of developments along with suggestions for future solutions to the problems raised. Emerging from the research conducted by the WU Transfer Pricing Center at the Institute for Austrian and International Tax Law at WU (Vienna University of Economics and Business), this book offers eight topic-based chapters prepared by international experts on transfer pricing. Greatly helping to define recent transfer pricing issues around the world, this book encompasses the following topics: Global Transfer Pricing Developments; Transfer Pricing Developments in the European Union; Transfer Pricing Developments in the United States; Transfer Pricing Developments in Developing Countries and Emerging Economies; Recent Developments on the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalization of the Economy (New Nexus Rules); Recent Developments on the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalization of the Economy (New Profit Allocation Rules); Recent Developments on Transfer Pricing and Intra-Group Financing; and Recent Developments on the Use of New Technologies for Transfer Pricing Analyses. The intense work of international organizations, such as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, United Nations and other international organizations, as well as the intense work of the European Union is thoroughly analyzed in this book. The detailed analysis will be of immeasurable value to the various players including international organizations, the business community and advisory firms, corporate CEOs and CFOs, and government officials as well as to tax lawyers, in-house counsel and academics in facilitating efficient dialogue and a coordinated approach to transfer pricing in the future.
Book Synopsis U.S. Transfer Pricing Sourcebook by : Amanda Johnson
Download or read book U.S. Transfer Pricing Sourcebook written by Amanda Johnson and published by WorldTrade Executive, Inc.. This book was released on 2005-03 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: U.S. TRANSFER PRICING SOURCEBOOK is a single-volume report designed to advise international finance professionals on the cutting edge tools and techniques being developed and applied by leading consultants. This sourcebook provides strategies on Intercompany Sales, Intercompany Service transactions, Cross-Border licensing, and Cost Sharing agreements.
Book Synopsis Dealing Effectively with the Challenges of Transfer Pricing by : OECD
Download or read book Dealing Effectively with the Challenges of Transfer Pricing written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2012-01-18 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report addresses the practical administration of transfer pricing programmes by tax administrations.
Book Synopsis Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations by : OECD
Download or read book Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2017-07-31 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Practical Guide to U.S. Transfer Pricing by : Robert T. Cole
Download or read book Practical Guide to U.S. Transfer Pricing written by Robert T. Cole and published by Aspen Publishers. This book was released on 1999 with total page 1302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practical Guide to U.S. Transfer Pricing is a total approach to U.S. transfer pricing For The complex global marketplace. No book on the market today offers you a more thorough approach to transfer pricing rules that Practical Guide to U.S. Transfer Pricing. The tremendous increase in international trade among the nations of the world has made transfer pricing the most important international tax issues for governments. Thus, it is a major problem for major multinational corporations, which are subject to detriments from transfer pricing rules and adjustments, especially double taxation, penalties, And The cost of compliance. Packed with ready-to-use guidelines, detailed examples, and useful tips, Practical Guide to U.S. Transfer Pricing has been specifically designed to help you make today's transfer pricing rules work for your corporation. The book brings together For The first time, a wealth of features that will empower you to deal quickly and efficiently with all transfer pricing issues and problems. You will find: Unsurpassed coverage of U.S. transfer pricing substantive rules Incisive comparisons of the U.S. rules To The international accepted OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines Information on both special and traditional procedures for transfer pricing cases Comprehensive explanations of all major transfer pricing methods, such as the Comparable Uncontrolled Price Method, Cost Plus Method, Comparable Profits Methods, and Profit Split Method Criteria for choosing the best transfer pricing method Ideas on how to cope with the U.S. rules in light of foreign requirements A checklist that multinationals can use in developing an international strategy for transfer pricing compliance A full description of the proposed method of global trading of financial products.
Book Synopsis Transfer Pricing Developments Around the World 2019 by : Michael Lang
Download or read book Transfer Pricing Developments Around the World 2019 written by Michael Lang and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2019-08-09 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intensive work on transfer pricing, one of the most relevant and challenging topics in the international tax environment, continues to increase worldwide at every level of government and international policy with far-reaching impact on countries’ legislations, administrative guidelines and jurisprudence. This book presents an in-depth, issue-by-issue analysis of the current state of developments along with suggestions for future solutions to the problems raised. Emerging from the research conducted by the WU Transfer Pricing Center at the Institute for Austrian and International Tax Law at WU (Vienna University of Economics and Business), this book offers eight topic-based papers prepared by international experts on transfer pricing. Greatly helping to define recent transfer pricing issues around the world, this book encompasses the following topics: Global Transfer Pricing Developments; Transfer Pricing Developments in the European Union; Transfer Pricing Developments in the United States; Transfer Pricing Developments in Developing Countries and Emerging Economies; Recent Developments on Transfer Pricing and Intra-Group Services; Recent Developments on Transfer Pricing and Intra-Group Financing; Recent Developments on the Nexus Rules to Tax Business Profits at Source; and Recent Developments on Attribution of Profits to Digital Permanent Establishments. The intense work of international organizations such as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, United Nations and other international organizations as well as the intense work of the European Union is thoroughly analyzed in this book. The detailed analysis will be of immeasurable value to the various players including international organizations, the business community and advisory firms, corporate CEOs and CFOs, and government officials as well as to tax lawyers, in-house counsel and academics in facilitating efficient dialogue and a coordinated approach to transfer pricing in the future.
