Transfer Pricing And The Arms Length Principle After Beps

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Transfer Pricing and the Arm's Length Principle After BEPS

Author : Richard S. Collier
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 9780198802914
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis Transfer Pricing and the Arm's Length Principle After BEPS by : Richard S. Collier

Download or read book Transfer Pricing and the Arm's Length Principle After BEPS written by Richard S. Collier and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2017 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to present a sustained analysis and critique of arm's length based transfer pricing rules following the G20 / OECD Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) project. The book considers the nature and scope of transfer pricing rules based on the arm's length principle starting with an explanation of how the rules were created and and how they evolved over time. It provides how internationally accepted transfer pricing rules were applied immediately prior to the BEPS project, and describes the principal problems that had arisen with those rules. The issues highlighted include problems relating to the complexity of the rules, the use and availability of comparables, and, in particular, problems permitting avoidance and income shifting, including problems related to low tax entities with 'excessive capital'. Having described the pre-BEPS rules and inherent problems, the book goes on to examine the extent to which the work undertaken by the BEPs project provides a solid foundation for future transfer pricing determinations and the problems that remain after BEPS. It identifies those issues on which the BEPS output has been positive, and also those issues which BEPS has not successfully addressed and which remain problematic. This book is the most detailed and up-to-date publication on this highly topical and often controversial topic.

Contemporary Application of the Arm's Lenght Principle in Tranfer Pricing

Author : Marta Pankiv
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789087224141
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (241 download)

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Book Synopsis Contemporary Application of the Arm's Lenght Principle in Tranfer Pricing by : Marta Pankiv

Download or read book Contemporary Application of the Arm's Lenght Principle in Tranfer Pricing written by Marta Pankiv and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Transfer Pricing and the Arm's Length Principle in International Tax Law

Author : Jens Wittendorff
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN 13 : 9041132708
Total Pages : 914 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis Transfer Pricing and the Arm's Length Principle in International Tax Law by : Jens Wittendorff

Download or read book Transfer Pricing and the Arm's Length Principle in International Tax Law written by Jens Wittendorff and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 914 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The arm's length principle serves as the domestic and international standard to evaluate transfer prices between members of multinational enterprises for tax purposes. The OECD has adopted the arm's length principle in Article 9 of its Model Income Tax Convention in order to ensure that transfer prices between members of multinational enterprises correspond to those that would have been agreed between independent enterprises under comparable circumstances. The arm's length principle provides the legal framework for governments to have their fair share of taxes, and for enterprises to avoid double taxation on their profits. This timely book contains a comparative analysis of the legal basis for the arm's length principle and the contents of the arm's length rules in US tax law as well as in the OECD Model Tax Convention and Transfer Pricing Guidelines. It includes a thorough review of international case law on transfer pricing from the United States, Canada, Australia, United Kingdom, Germany, France, the Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, and Norway. The book ends with an analysis of the issues associated with the application of the arm's length principle for multinational enterprises in a global economy.

Transfer Pricing in One Lesson

Author : Oliver Treidler
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783030250867
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (58 download)

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Book Synopsis Transfer Pricing in One Lesson by : Oliver Treidler

Download or read book Transfer Pricing in One Lesson written by Oliver Treidler and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a concise and pragmatic introduction to transfer pricing. Approaching the subject from an economic and business perspective, it familiarizes the reader with the basic concepts without getting sidetracked by tax law. In turn, the book draws on case studies to demonstrate the identification and application of appropriate transfer pricing methods for the most common intercompany transactions. The intuitive step-by-step guidance, together with integrated Excel-based tools, will equip the reader to ensure compliance with the arm's length principle and thus to minimize tax risk. Based on the post-BEPS OECD Guidelines, the book's content is applicable to a global context.

The Future of the Profit Split Method

Author : Gabriella Cappelleri
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN 13 : 9403524316
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis The Future of the Profit Split Method by : Gabriella Cappelleri

Download or read book The Future of the Profit Split Method written by Gabriella Cappelleri and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2020-11-23 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Future of the Profit Split Method Edited by Robert Danon, Guglielmo Maisto, Vikram Chand & Gabriella Cappelleri Among the various transfer pricing methods, the profit split method (PSM) is under the spotlight after the OECD’s Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) project. However, both expert analysis and experience indicate that this method is not straightforward either for taxpayers to apply or for tax administrations to evaluate. In this thorough and detailed commentary – the first book to analyse this increasingly adopted transfer pricing method – notable scholars and practitioners working in the international tax community express their views on the method, answering some unresolved questions and highlighting issues that are still open and pending, especially in light of the digitalization of the economy. Crucial issues covered by the contributors include the following: choice of the appropriate splitting factors, their relative weights, and valuation of the contributions; uncertainties and outcomes potentially not aligned with the arm’s-length standard; possible role of assessments made by the European Commission on State aid; nexus with the work done by the EU Joint Transfer Pricing Forum; impact of profit split on indirect taxes (VAT/customs tax/excise tax); and application to digital business models and, in general, to the digitalized economy. Moreover, relevant experience of applying this method in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States is provided. A concluding chapter also deals with selected industry experiences. Due to a high level of uncertainty in alignment with international guidance in the application of the PSM – and to the underdeveloped nature of current literature on the subject – there is a need for this book because both tax administrations and taxpayers, going forward, will apply the PSM extensively. The book is highly relevant for policymakers, tax administrations, practitioners and academics engaged in the areas of international taxation, transfer pricing and tax policy.

OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations 2017

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264265120
Total Pages : 608 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (642 download)

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Book Synopsis OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations 2017 by : OECD

Download or read book OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations 2017 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2017-07-10 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This consolidated version of the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines includes the revised guidance on safe harbours adopted in 2013, as well as the recent amendments made by the Reports on Actions 8-10 and 13 of the BEPS Actions Plan and conforming changes to Chapter IX.

Transfer Pricing and Value Creation

Author : Raffaele Petruzzi
Publisher : Linde Verlag GmbH
ISBN 13 : 370941038X
Total Pages : 472 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Transfer Pricing and Value Creation by : Raffaele Petruzzi

Download or read book Transfer Pricing and Value Creation written by Raffaele Petruzzi and published by Linde Verlag GmbH. This book was released on 2019-09-02 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Value Creation and its effects on Transfer Pricing and tax law Emerging from the OECD/G20 BEPS Project, a new, somewhat fuzzy notion of Value Creation came to permeate not only Transfer Pricing language but also wider allocation rules and anti-abuse provisions in international tax law. The notion of ‘Value Creation’ reframes the interpretation and application of the Arm’s Length Principle (ALP) that is embedded in Articles 7 and 9 of the OECD Model Convention. This new Value Creation notion and approach assist in understanding key enterprise functions while different industry sectors manifest these concepts in various ways. Situating such notions and this approach within the law of tax treaties and analyzing terms of the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines alongside their factual context is the aim of this book. Here, law students address Transfer Pricing and Value Creation in sectors as varied as commodities trade, automotive, consumer products, food and beverages, pharmaceutical and life sciences, telecommunications, and the key topic of value creation in a digitalized economy. Our LL.M. students were required to address issues not explored in legal research and to discuss factual topics relevant for Transfer Pricing. All students focused on topics that are new to the international tax debate that keep evolving and on factual matters that often escape legal research.

Tax Transfer Pricing

Author : Andrea Musselli
Publisher : Gruppo 24 Ore
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 446 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (548 download)

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Book Synopsis Tax Transfer Pricing by : Andrea Musselli

Download or read book Tax Transfer Pricing written by Andrea Musselli and published by Gruppo 24 Ore. This book was released on 2022-09-15T00:00:00+02:00 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book pays attention to the tax treatment of transfer pricing in a single perspective of analysis since the most important principles (the arm’s length -ALP- i.e. conditions that independent parties would share, and the sale country) are agreed worldwide. They must be applied in the same way regardless of the economic sector or industry. A country survey overlooks the most important issue of the fiscal problem, that is, the ability to project a unitary policy in compliance with the ALP (or with the sale country principle) and that should be audited by one sole (only theoretically) existing tax authority. The practical part and examples disclose how rules should be/have been applied, how legal proceedings can arise/arose regarding their application , how they were decided if litigation truly occurred, and finally the author’s motivated opinion with special focus on which is “the breaking point” of a specific analysis. The term “breaking point” is used to explain which can be the factual and/or the interpretative change that is able to modify such analysis and thus the solution. Extract from the preface of prof. Reuven Avi-Yonah: “this book is a must read for any serious student of the topic and an important contribution to understanding how the ALP is applied today as well as to how it should be applied. It is an invaluable contribution and should be read widely by both tax lawyers and accountants and by tax policy makers”.

Transfer Pricing in a Post-BEPS World

Author : Michael Lang
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN 13 : 9041167129
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis Transfer Pricing in a Post-BEPS World by : Michael Lang

Download or read book Transfer Pricing in a Post-BEPS World written by Michael Lang and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2016-04-20 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The OECD’s Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) project promises to make effective inroads into the much criticized corporate tax strategy known as aggressive transfer pricing, whereby the profitability of subsidiaries in different jurisdictions is “managed” via mispricing with the intent of minimizing the corporation’s overall tax burden. Although the OECD BEPS project is an ongoing endeavor, its accomplishments to date and developing trends are discernible. This book, including contributions by outstanding and renowned transfer pricing experts both from practice and academia, analyses these trends, and proposes reforms which would ensure that transfer pricing outcomes are better aligned with economic activities and value creation, which achieves a more equitable distribution of profits among different countries. Each chapter is dedicated to specific sections of the OECD’s BEPS Action Plan. Among the topics and issues covered are the following: – arm’s length principle and its ongoing development; – allocation of risk and recharacterization; – intangibles (both license model and cost contribution arrangements); – interest deductions and intra-group financing; – low value-adding services; – commissionaire arrangements and low-risk distributors; – attribution of profits to permanent establishments; – documentation requirements (including Country-by-Country Reporting). Within these topics, measures to identify the commercial and financial relationships inside multinational enterprises, to accurately delineate actual transactions, as well as guidance on defining risk and its allocation among entities of a multinational enterprise are discussed. The book is based on papers presented and discussed at the first Global Transfer Pricing Conference hosted in February 2016 by the WU Transfer Pricing Center at the Institute for Austrian and International Tax Law at WU (Vienna University of Economics and Business). The most up-to-date and thorough consideration of transfer pricing yet published, this book will prove invaluable for all parties currently facing questions related to transfer pricing in a post-BEPS world, especially those in charge of finding an ideal answer to them: academics, practitioners (including in-house and advisory counsel), international organizations, CEOs and CFOs of multinational enterprises, and government officials who are tax and transfer pricing experts.

International Tax Law

Author : Passemard Hugo
Publisher : Blurb
ISBN 13 : 9781714893898
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (938 download)

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Book Synopsis International Tax Law by : Passemard Hugo

Download or read book International Tax Law written by Passemard Hugo and published by Blurb. This book was released on 2020-05-16 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transfer pricing remains one of the biggest areas of heightened controversy in worldwide taxation for multinational firms and tax administrations. Due to its long-reaching effects, tax professionals and tax jurisdictions are required to apprehend the basics of the subject. H. Passemard designed this monograph to act as a guide for understanding Transfer Pricing principles and their practical application. It provides a levelled approach by first and foremost detailing the Transfer Pricing fundamentals and then proceeding to specific topics that are extremely relevant in our current tax environment. The book caters to tax lawyers, in-house tax counsels and academics working in international organizations, the business community and advisory firms as well as government officials interested in understanding Transfer Pricing.

Arm’s Length Transaction Structures

Author : Andreas Bullen
Publisher : IBFD
ISBN 13 : 9087221177
Total Pages : 925 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis Arm’s Length Transaction Structures by : Andreas Bullen

Download or read book Arm’s Length Transaction Structures written by Andreas Bullen and published by IBFD. This book was released on 2011 with total page 925 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the authority to restructure and to disregard controlled transactions based on the arm's length principle. The book, thus, examines the outer limits of the adjustment authority granted by the arm's length principle as opposed to its core area of application (price adjustments).

Transfer Pricing and Multinational Enterprises

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264167773
Total Pages : 107 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (641 download)

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Book Synopsis Transfer Pricing and Multinational Enterprises by : OECD

Download or read book Transfer Pricing and Multinational Enterprises written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1979-06-01 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations provide guidance on the application of the “arm’s length principle”, which is the international consensus on transfer pricing, i.e. on the valuation, for tax purposes, of cross-border transactions between associated enterprises. In a global economy where multinational enterprises (MNEs) play a prominent role, transfer pricing is high on the agenda of tax administrators and taxpayers alike. Governments need to ensure that the taxable profits of MNEs are not artificially shifted out of their jurisdictions and that the tax base reported by MNEs in their respective countries reflect the economic activity undertaken therein. For taxpayers, it is essential to limit the risks of economic double taxation that may result from a dispute between two countries on the determination of an arm’s length remuneration for their cross-border transactions with associated enterprises. Following this original 1979 publication, the OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines were approved by the OECD Council in their original version in 1995. A limited update was made in this 2009 edition, primarily to reflect the adoption, in the 2008 update of the Model Tax Convention, of a new paragraph 5 of Article 25 dealing with arbitration, and of changes to the Commentary on Article 25 on mutual agreement procedures to resolve cross-border tax disputes. A subsequent edition was released in 2010, in which, Chapters I-III were substantially revised, with new guidance on: the selection of the most appropriate transfer pricing method to the circumstances of the case; the practical application of transactional profit methods (transactional net margin method and profit split method); and on the performance of comparability analyses. Furthermore, a new Chapter IX, on the transfer pricing aspects of business restructurings, was added. Consistency changes were made to the rest of the Guidelines. Digitised document - Electronic release on 24/11/2011.

Fundamentals of Transfer Pricing

Author : Michael Lang
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN 13 : 9403517247
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Transfer Pricing by : Michael Lang

Download or read book Fundamentals of Transfer Pricing written by Michael Lang and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2021-06-18 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transfer pricing is one of the most relevant and challenging topics in international taxation. Over the last century, nearly every country in the world introduced transfer pricing rules into their domestic legislation. Indeed, it was estimated that profit shifting generated by the improper application of transfer pricing rules has resulted in global tax losses worth USD 500 billion for governments – 20% of all corporate tax revenues. It is thus imperative that all tax professionals thoroughly understand the nature of transfer pricing and how the growing body of applicable rules works in practice. In this crucially significant volume, stakeholders from government, multinational companies, international organisations, advisory groups and academia offer deeply informed perspectives, both general and specific, on the practical application of transfer pricing rules, taking into consideration all the most recent developments. With approximately 160 practical examples and 90 relevant international judicial precedents, the presentation proceeds from general to more specialised topics. Such aspects of the subject as the following are thoroughly analysed: what is transfer pricing and the purpose of transfer pricing rules; the arm’s length principle and its application; the consequences of a transaction not being in accordance with the arm’s length principle; the transfer pricing methods; the mechanisms to avoid and resolve disputes; the transfer pricing documentation; the attribution of profits to permanent establishments; the transfer pricing aspects of specific transactions, such as services, financing, intangibles and business restructurings. The application of transfer pricing legislation is arguably the most difficult task that taxpayers and tax authorities around the world must face. With this authoritative source of practical guidance, government officials, tax lawyers, in-house tax counsel, academics, advisory firms, the business community and other stakeholders worldwide will have all the detail they need to move forward in tackling this thorny aspect of the current tax environment.

Fundamentals of Transfer Pricing

Author : Raffaele Petruzzi
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN 13 : 9403535202
Total Pages : 549 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Transfer Pricing by : Raffaele Petruzzi

Download or read book Fundamentals of Transfer Pricing written by Raffaele Petruzzi and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2022-06-20 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is Part Two of a crucially significant two-volume set on the nature of transfer pricing that fully elucidates how the growing body of applicable rules works in practice. The preceding volume, subtitled General Topics and Specific Transactions, focused on basic principles and specialized topics. This volume enlarges the scope of the first volume, particularly concerning industry specifics, regional considerations, the use of new technologies, and the intersection between transfer pricing rules and other disciplines. As in the first volume, stakeholding contributors from government, multinational companies, international organizations, advisory groups, and academia offer deeply informed perspectives, both general and specific, on the practical application of transfer pricing rules. With numerous examples and relevant international judicial precedents, the authors augment the first volume in such ways as the following: extended analysis of particular business sectors, including automotive, banking, consumer goods, insurance, IT, oil and gas, and pharmaceutics; specific jurisdictional coverage of the United States, the European Union, Brazil, China, and India; detailed presentation of the use of new technologies by both taxpayers and tax authorities; and further in-depth analysis of transfer pricing’s interaction with various fields of law. With this authoritative source of practical guidance, advisors, in-house practitioners, government officials, and academics worldwide will have all the details they need to move forward in tackling the complex aspects of the current transfer pricing environment.

Transfer Pricing in One Lesson

Author : Oliver Treidler
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030250857
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Transfer Pricing in One Lesson by : Oliver Treidler

Download or read book Transfer Pricing in One Lesson written by Oliver Treidler and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-12 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a concise and pragmatic introduction to transfer pricing. Approaching the subject from an economic and business perspective, it familiarizes the reader with the basic concepts without getting sidetracked by tax law. In turn, the book draws on case studies to demonstrate the identification and application of appropriate transfer pricing methods for the most common intercompany transactions. The intuitive step-by-step guidance, together with integrated Excel-based tools, will equip the reader to ensure compliance with the arm’s length principle and thus to minimize tax risk. Based on the post-BEPS OECD Guidelines, the book’s content is applicable to a global context.

Transfer Pricing and Developing Economies

Author : Joel Cooper
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464809704
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Transfer Pricing and Developing Economies by : Joel Cooper

Download or read book Transfer Pricing and Developing Economies written by Joel Cooper and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-01-05 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have seen unprecedented public scrutiny over the tax practices of Multinational Enterprise (MNE) groups. Tax policy and administration concerning international transactions, aggressive tax planning, and tax avoidance have become an issue of extensive national and international debate in developed and developing countries alike. Within this context, transfer pricing, historically a subject of limited specialist interest, has attained name recognition amongst a broader global audience that is concerned with equitable fiscal policy and sustainable development. Abusive transfer pricing practices are considered to pose major risk to the direct tax base of many countries and developing countries are particularly vulnerable because corporate tax tends to account for a larger share of their revenue. This handbook is part of the wider WBG engagement in supporting countries with Domestic Resource Mobilization (DRM) by protecting their tax base and aims to cover all relevant aspects that have to be considered when introducing or strengthening transfer pricing regimes. The handbook provides guidance on analytical steps that can be taken to understand a country’s potential exposure to inappropriate transfer pricing (transfer mispricing) and outlines the main areas that require attention in the design and implementation of transfer pricing regimes. A discussion of relevant aspects of the legislative process, including the formulation of a transfer pricing policy, and the role and content of administrative guidance, is combined with the presentation of country examples on the practical application and implementation of the arm’s length principle and on running an effective transfer pricing audit program. Recognizing the importance of transfer pricing regulation and administration for the business environment and investor confidence, this handbook aims to balance the general objective of protecting a country’s tax base and raising additional revenue with investment climate considerations wherever appropriate.

Transfer Pricing and Intangibles

Author : Michael Lang
Publisher : Linde Verlag GmbH
ISBN 13 : 370941010X
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Transfer Pricing and Intangibles by : Michael Lang

Download or read book Transfer Pricing and Intangibles written by Michael Lang and published by Linde Verlag GmbH. This book was released on 2019-04-11 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transfer pricing treatment of intangibles: Issues und developments In recent decades, intangibles have become one of the most relevant success factors for Multinational Enterprises (MNEs). Along with the increasing importance of intangibles for economies, their tax treatment has also been under scrutiny which includes inter alia respective transfer pricing issues. MNEs are seeking for the best ways to optimize their business arrangements with the related intangibles while, at the same time, getting the most tax-efficient treatment. On the other hand, tax authorities have become increasingly concerned with the ease that intangibles can be used in aggressive planning. These concerns have been noticed and addressed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development which presented its main findings with respect to transfer pricing aspects of intangibles in Action 8 of the BEPS Project in 2015 and in the 2017 OECD Transfer Pricing Guidelines. This book is based on the outcomes of the presentations and discussions held during the WU Transfer Pricing Symposium, ‘Transfer Pricing and Intangibles: Current Developments, Relevant Issues and Possible Solutions’, that took place in October 2018 at the WU Vienna University of Economics and Business. The publication discusses the most important issues and recent developments related to transfer pricing treatment of intangibles. Starting with the definition of intangibles, it further deals with topics such as appropriate attribution of intangible-related profits, structuring of intangibles in MNEs, and proper valuation of intangibles. The authors, apart from providing a theoretical background to the discussed issues, also present case studies that show how certain issues can be approached in practice. Every chapter ends with a summary of the discussions held during the panels of the Transfer Pricing Symposium in which representatives of tax administrations, multinationals, and tax advisories presented their opinions on the issues at stake.