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Transcriptional Regulation In Response To Environmental Signals In The Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
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Book Synopsis Transcriptional Regulation in Response to Environmental Signals in the Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by : Mary Emily Gray
Download or read book Transcriptional Regulation in Response to Environmental Signals in the Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Mary Emily Gray and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Genetics and Biotechnology by : Ulrich Kück
Download or read book Genetics and Biotechnology written by Ulrich Kück and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mycology, the study of fungi, originated as a subdiscipline of botany and was a descriptive discipline, largely neglected as an experimental science until the early years of this century. A seminal paper by Blakeslee in 1904 provided evidence for self incompatibility, termed "heterothallism", and stimulated interest in studies related to the control of sexual reproduction in fungi by mating-type specificities. Soon to follow was the demonstration that sexually reproducing fungi exhibit Mendelian inheritance and that it was possible to conduct formal genetic analysis with fungi. The names Burgeff, Kniep and Lindegren are all associated with this early period of fungal genetics research. These studies and the discovery of penicillin by Fleming, who shared a Nobel Prize in 1945, provided further impetus for experimental research with fungi. Thus began a period of interest in mutation induction and analysis of mutants for bio chemical traits. Such fundamental research, conducted largely with Neurospora crassa, led to the one gene: one enzyme hypothesis and to a second Nobel Prize for fungal research awarded to Beadle and Tatum in 1958. Fundamental research in biochemical genetics was extended to other fungi, especially to Saccharomyces cere visiae, and by the mid-1960s fungal systems were much favored for studies in eukaryotic molecular biology and were soon able to compete with bacterial systems in the molecular arena.
Book Synopsis Yeast Stress Responses by : Stefan Hohmann
Download or read book Yeast Stress Responses written by Stefan Hohmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-23 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every cell has developed mechanisms to respond to changes in its environment and to adapt its growth and metabolism to unfavorable conditions. The unicellular eukaryote yeast has long proven as a particularly useful model system for the analysis of cellular stress responses, and the completion of the yeast genome sequence has only added to its power This volume comprehensively reviews both the basic features of the yeast genral stress response and the specific adapations to different stress types (nutrient depletion, osmotic and heat shock as well as salt and oxidative stress). It includes the latest findings in the field and discusses the implications for the analysis of stress response mechanisms in higher eukaryotes as well.
Book Synopsis Dynamic Signaling and Adaptation in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Stress Response Pathways by : Zohreh AkhavanAghdam
Download or read book Dynamic Signaling and Adaptation in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Stress Response Pathways written by Zohreh AkhavanAghdam and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Living cells respond to environmental cues through complex signaling and gene regulatory networks. A common theme throughout this thesis will be exploring design principles in biological networks and how they operate dynamically to process information and make decisions. In Chapter 1, we tackle how different types of stresses induce distinct nuclear translocation dynamics of Msn2, an outstanding question in the field. In the absence of stress, PKA phosphorylates Msn2, causing it to be exported out of the nucleus. In response to stress, PKA activity is inhibited, Msn2 is dephosphorylated and translocated into the nucleus. In response to glucose limitation, Msn2 exhibits an initial homogenous pulse of nuclear translocation followed by sporadic nuclear pulses with dose-dependent frequency, but in response to osmotic stress Msn2 undergoes a single translocation pulse with dose-dependent duration. We hypothesized that the difference between glucose limitation and osmotic stress-induced Msn2 dynamics might be a result of glucose limitation-dependent Snf1 activation, since previous studies suggest that Snf1 and PKA mutually inhibit each other. We use modeling and experiments to demonstrate that these different upstream network structures could, in fact, be responsible for the differences we see in Msn2 translocation dynamics. In Chapter 2, we study a recurring scheme in gene regulatory networks, which is combinatorial gene regulation by seemingly redundant transcription factors (TFs), using time-lapse microscopy and microfluidics. We use the seemingly redundant yeast homologous stress responsive TFs Msn2 and Msn4 as a model to quantitatively study the functional relevance of closely related TFs in the same single cells and find that Msn2 and Msn4 have non-redundant and distinct functions in combinatorial gene regulation. In response to a transient input, either Msn2 or Msn4 alone is sufficient to induce the expression of target genes with fast kinetics promoters. Target genes with slow kinetics promoters, however, require activation of both Msn2 and Msn4 in these conditions. Importantly, slow kinetic promoter activation is dependent on duration of the upstream signal because in response to a prolonged input, slow kinetic promoter activation no longer requires both Msn2 and Msn4. Thus, in Chapter 2, we determine that coordinated gene regulation by seemingly redundant TFs is not fixed, but rather dependent on the dynamics of upstream signals. In Chapter 3, we demonstrate that cells retain a memory of many of upstream signaling events that occur in response to stress, which primes the cells to respond to future severe stress events. We use microfluidics and time-lapse microscopy to modulate the amplitude and duration of priming stimulus and also increase the break time in between the priming stimulus and severe stress. Using this system, we have determined that cells acquire an amplitude-dependent short-term memory of priming stimulus, which is induced and lost rapidly, and a duration-dependent long-term memory which is stable for a long period of time before finally declining after 100 minutes. We use this information about the dynamical specificity of different types of cellular memory and their stability to determine the cellular pathways responsible for the observed memory.
Book Synopsis Quantitative Analysis of Nutrient-responsive Signal Transduction Pathways in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by : Jonathan M. Raser
Download or read book Quantitative Analysis of Nutrient-responsive Signal Transduction Pathways in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Jonathan M. Raser and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organisms and their component cells exist in a dynamic and unpredictable environment. Many of these environmental changes are potentially harmful or lethal. It is therefore unsurprising that cells are capable of adaptation to many of these potentially harmful environmental conditions. This adaptation requires both the ability to gather information about the environment, and the ability to convert the information gathered into the appropriate cellular response. Cells have developed specific signal transduction pathways that respond to a specific environmental stimulus and effect a specific, corresponding cellular response. Such signal transduction pathways are quantitative, in that cells do not simply display binary information processing but are capable of more subtle interpretation of different magnitudes of a particular stimulus. In particular, many signaling pathways enable adaptation to changing levels of environmental nutrients by control of cellular gene expression. We employed the single-cell eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model to study several facets of nutrient-responsive signal transduction in a quantitative manner. In the following text, we present our study of the sources of heterogeneity in gene expression in a population of genetically identical cells. In addition, we review recent advances in understanding of heterogeneity or noise in gene expression. Also, we present work characterizing the zinc-responsive signaling pathway in a quantitative manner, and studies uncovering the presence of positive feedback in the phosphate-responsive (PHO) signaling pathway.
Book Synopsis Molecular Mechanisms in Yeast Carbon Metabolism by : Jure Piškur
Download or read book Molecular Mechanisms in Yeast Carbon Metabolism written by Jure Piškur and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-06 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Yeast is one of the most studied laboratory organisms and represents one of the most central models to understand how any eukaryote cell works. On the other hand, yeast fermentations have for millennia provided us with a variety of biotech products, like wine, beer, vitamins, and recently also with pharmaceutically active heterologous products and biofuels. A central biochemical activity in the yeast cell is the metabolism of carbon compounds, providing energy for the whole cell, and precursors for any of the final fermentation products. A complex set of genes and regulatory pathways controls the metabolism of carbon compounds, from nutrient sensing, signal transduction, transcription regulation and post-transcriptional events. Recent advances in comparative genomics and development of post-genomic tools have provided further insights into the network of genes and enzymes, and molecular mechanisms which are responsible for a balanced metabolism of carbon compounds in the yeast cell, and which could be manipulated in the laboratory to increase the yield and quality of yeast biotech products. This book provides a dozen of most comprehensive reviews on the recent developments and achievements in the field of yeast carbon metabolism, from academic studies on gene expression to biotechnology relevant topics.
Book Synopsis Stress-Activated Protein Kinases by : Francesc Posas
Download or read book Stress-Activated Protein Kinases written by Francesc Posas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-24 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book leading researchers in the field discuss the state-of-the-art of many aspects of SAPK signaling in various systems from yeast to mammals. These include various chapters on regulatory mechanisms as well as the contribution of the SAPK signaling pathways to processes such as gene expression, metabolism, cell cycle regulation, immune responses and tumorigenesis. Written by international experts, the book will appeal to cell biologists and biochemists.
Book Synopsis Distinct Binding Sites and Signaling Pathways Regulate the Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Heat Shock Transcription Factor by : Nicholas Santoro
Download or read book Distinct Binding Sites and Signaling Pathways Regulate the Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Heat Shock Transcription Factor written by Nicholas Santoro and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Guide to Yeast Genetics and Molecular Biology by : Christine Guthrie
Download or read book Guide to Yeast Genetics and Molecular Biology written by Christine Guthrie and published by . This book was released on 1991-01-28 with total page 933 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Guide to Yeast Genetics and Molecular Biology presents, for the first time, a comprehensive compilation of the protocols and procedures that have made Saccharomyces cerevisiae such a facile system for all researchers in molecular and cell biology. Whether you are an established yeast biologist or a newcomer to the field, this volume contains all the up-to-date methods you will need to study "Your Favorite Gene" in yeast. Basic Methods in Yeast Genetics**Physical and genetic mapping**Making and recovering mutants**Cloning and Recombinant DNA Methods**High-efficiency transformation**Preparation of yeast artificial chromosome vectors**Basic Methods of Cell Biology**Immunomicroscopy**Protein targeting assays**Biochemistry of Gene Expression**Vectors for regulated expression**Isolation of labeled and unlabeled DNA, RNA, and protein
Book Synopsis Global Transcriptional Responses of Fission Yeast to Glucose Starvation Stress by : Michael Sassen
Download or read book Global Transcriptional Responses of Fission Yeast to Glucose Starvation Stress written by Michael Sassen and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2005-07-20 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diploma Thesis from the year 2005 in the subject Biology - Genetics / Gene Technology, grade: 1,1, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, language: English, abstract: 1. Introduction 1.1 Schizosaccharomyces pombe as a Model System S. pombe functions as a suitable model system since it is easy and inexpensive to rear, has a convenient size, a short life cycle, and is genetically manipulable. As a unicellular eukaryote, the fission yeast S. pombe can exist either in a haploid or diploid state and possesses two different mating types (h+ and h-). The wild type, however, is h90, which means it can switch mating type. Figure 1.01: Left, picture of S. pombe cells At top are two dividing cells in late mitotic phase, showing the fission yeast typical septum at the point of cytoplasmic division. The lower cell is in early M phase, having its chromosomes already segregated. Figure 1.02: Right, fission yeast cell cycle Diagrammatic representation of the S. pombe cell cycles with the interchange between the two occurring in G1 phase (Figure obtained and used with permission from Trevor Pemberton, University of Sussex). [...] S. pombe can undergo two different life cycles, either the vegetative (mitotic) cycle or the sporulation (meiotic) cycle, depending on the environment it is living in. These two cycles are shown in figure 2 with the change between the two occurring in cells at the G1 stage of the mitotic cycle. Under laboratory conditions, given all nutrients required, S. pombe prefers the haploid state. This makes it a favorable organism for genetic research since it ensures that introduced mutations are not masked by another wild type allele. [...]
Book Synopsis Connections Between Growth and Division by : Laura Lynn Newcomb
Download or read book Connections Between Growth and Division written by Laura Lynn Newcomb and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Transcriptional Control in Phosphate-responsive Signaling Pathway of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by : Xu Zhou
Download or read book Mechanisms of Transcriptional Control in Phosphate-responsive Signaling Pathway of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Xu Zhou and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regulation of gene expression is essential for many biological processes. Binding of transcription factors to DNA is a key regulatory step in the control of gene expression. It is commonly observed that DNA sequences with high affinity for transcription factors occur more frequently in the genome than the instances of genes bound or regulated by these factors. However, the mechanism by which transcription factors selectively identify and regulate these genes was unclear. I utilized the transcriptional control of the phosphate-responsive signaling pathway (PHO) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model system to address this problem.
Book Synopsis RAS Family GTPases by : Channing Der
Download or read book RAS Family GTPases written by Channing Der and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-09-13 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1982, Ras proteins have been the subject of intense research investigation by the biomedical research community. The wide interest in Ras has been stimulated for three key reasons. This book features chapters contributed by leading investigators in the field that highlight the current state-of-the art in Ras biochemistry, structure and biology. This book is an excellent reference for students in the biomedical sciences and for investigators in the field.
Book Synopsis A Handbook of Statistical Analyses using R, Third Edition by : Torsten Hothorn
Download or read book A Handbook of Statistical Analyses using R, Third Edition written by Torsten Hothorn and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-06-25 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Like the best-selling first two editions, A Handbook of Statistical Analyses using R, Third Edition provides an up-to-date guide to data analysis using the R system for statistical computing. The book explains how to conduct a range of statistical analyses, from simple inference to recursive partitioning to cluster analysis. New to the Third Edition Three new chapters on quantile regression, missing values, and Bayesian inference Extra material in the logistic regression chapter that describes a regression model for ordered categorical response variables Additional exercises More detailed explanations of R code New section in each chapter summarizing the results of the analyses Updated version of the HSAUR package (HSAUR3), which includes some slides that can be used in introductory statistics courses Whether you’re a data analyst, scientist, or student, this handbook shows you how to easily use R to effectively evaluate your data. With numerous real-world examples, it emphasizes the practical application and interpretation of results.
Book Synopsis A Handbook of Transcription Factors by : Timothy R. Hughes
Download or read book A Handbook of Transcription Factors written by Timothy R. Hughes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-10 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transcription factors are the molecules that the cell uses to interpret the genome: they possess sequence-specific DNA-binding activity, and either directly or indirectly influence the transcription of genes. In aggregate, transcription factors control gene expression and genome organization, and play a pivotal role in many aspects of physiology and evolution. This book provides a reference for major aspects of transcription factor function, encompassing a general catalogue of known transcription factor classes, origins and evolution of specific transcription factor types, methods for studying transcription factor binding sites in vitro, in vivo, and in silico, and mechanisms of interaction with chromatin and RNA polymerase.
Book Synopsis Genome-wide Analysis of Transcriptional Expression Programs, Regulatory Networks and Cis-regulatory Sequences in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae by : Christopher T. Harbison
Download or read book Genome-wide Analysis of Transcriptional Expression Programs, Regulatory Networks and Cis-regulatory Sequences in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae written by Christopher T. Harbison and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, knowledge of gene-specific transcription has been accumulated by the study of the individual genetic and physical interactions between transcriptional regulators and the genes they regulate, often requiring considerable time and effort. Microarray technology now enables investigation of gene expression at the level of the entire genome, allowing researchers access to rich datasets and promising new levels of depth in the understanding of transcriptional regulation. Our lab has made use of these technologies both to measure the levels of all mRNA transcripts within a population of cells, as well as to locate the regions within the genome that are bound by transcriptional regulators. Such studies not only allow for the functional annotation of both genes and regulators, but can also provide clues about the identity of the regulatory regions within DNA, the structure of global regulatory networks and the regulation of DNA-binding proteins. These and other insights are presented here based on our genome-wide studies of transcriptional regulation in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Book Synopsis Yeast Systems Biology by : Juan I. Castrillo
Download or read book Yeast Systems Biology written by Juan I. Castrillo and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2011-08-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systems Biology aims at deciphering the genotype-phenotype relationships at the levels of genes, transcripts (RNAs), peptides, proteins, metabolites, and environmental factors participating in complex cellular networks in order to reveal the mechanisms and principles governing the behavior of complex biological systems. Yeast Systems Biology: Methods and Protocols presents an up-to-date view of the optimal characteristics of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model eukaryote, perspective on the latest experimental and computational techniques for systems biology studies, most of which were first designed for and validated in yeast, and selected examples of yeast systems biology studies and their applications in biotechnology and medicine. These experiments under controlled conditions can uncover the complexity and interplay of biological networks with their dynamics, basic principles of internal organization, and balanced orchestrated functions between organelles in direct interaction with the environment as well as the characterization of short and long-term effects of perturbations and dysregulation of networks that may illuminate the origin of complex human diseases. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series, this volume contains the kind of detailed description and implementation advice that is crucial for getting optimal results. Practical and cutting-edge, Yeast Systems Biology: Methods and Protocols serves researchers interested in comprehensive systems biology strategies in well-defined model systems with specific objectives as well as a better knowledge of the latest post-genomic strategies at all ‘omic levels and computational approaches towards analysis, integration, and modeling of biological systems, from single-celled organisms to higher eukaryotes.
