On What Matters

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191084379
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis On What Matters by : Derek Parfit

Download or read book On What Matters written by Derek Parfit and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-09 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Derek Parfit presents the third volume of On What Matters, his landmark work of moral philosophy. Parfit develops further his influential treatment of reasons, normativity, the meaning of moral discourse, and the status of morality. He engages with his critics, and shows the way to resolution of their differences. This volume is partly about what it is for things to matter, in the sense that we all have reasons to care about these things. Much of the book discusses three of the main kinds of meta-ethical theory: Normative Naturalism, Quasi-Realist Expressivism, and Non-Metaphysical Non-Naturalism, which Derek Parfit now calls Non-Realist Cognitivism. This third theory claims that, if we use the word 'reality' in an ontologically weighty sense, irreducibly normative truths have no mysterious or incredible ontological implications. If instead we use 'reality' in a wide sense, according to which all truths are truths about reality, this theory claims that some non-empirically discoverable truths-such as logical, mathematical, modal, and some normative truths-raise no difficult ontological questions. Parfit discusses these theories partly by commenting on the views of some of the contributors to Peter Singer's collection Does Anything Really Matter? Parfit on Objectivity. Though Peter Railton is a Naturalist, he has widened his view by accepting some further claims, and he has suggested that this wider version of Naturalism could be combined with Non-Realist Cognitivism. Parfit argues that Railton is right, since these theories no longer deeply disagree. Though Allan Gibbard is a Quasi-Realist Expressivist, he has suggested that the best version of his view could be combined with Non-Realist Cognitivism. Parfit argues that Gibbard is right, since Gibbard and he now accept the other's main meta-ethical claim. It is rare for three such different philosophical theories to be able to be widened in ways that resolve their deepest disagreements. This happy convergence supports the view that these meta-ethical theories are true. Parfit also discusses the views of several other philosophers, and some other meta-ethical and normative questions.

To Do Good, the Duty and Happiness of Man

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (21 download)

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Book Synopsis To Do Good, the Duty and Happiness of Man by : Henry PARSLEY

Download or read book To Do Good, the Duty and Happiness of Man written by Henry PARSLEY and published by . This book was released on 1702 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Justice

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Publisher : Farrar, Straus and Giroux
ISBN 13 : 1429952687
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)

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Book Synopsis Justice by : Michael J. Sandel

Download or read book Justice written by Michael J. Sandel and published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux. This book was released on 2009-09-15 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A renowned Harvard professor's brilliant, sweeping, inspiring account of the role of justice in our society--and of the moral dilemmas we face as citizens What are our obligations to others as people in a free society? Should government tax the rich to help the poor? Is the free market fair? Is it sometimes wrong to tell the truth? Is killing sometimes morally required? Is it possible, or desirable, to legislate morality? Do individual rights and the common good conflict? Michael J. Sandel's "Justice" course is one of the most popular and influential at Harvard. Up to a thousand students pack the campus theater to hear Sandel relate the big questions of political philosophy to the most vexing issues of the day, and this fall, public television will air a series based on the course. Justice offers readers the same exhilarating journey that captivates Harvard students. This book is a searching, lyrical exploration of the meaning of justice, one that invites readers of all political persuasions to consider familiar controversies in fresh and illuminating ways. Affirmative action, same-sex marriage, physician-assisted suicide, abortion, national service, patriotism and dissent, the moral limits of markets—Sandel dramatizes the challenge of thinking through these con?icts, and shows how a surer grasp of philosophy can help us make sense of politics, morality, and our own convictions as well. Justice is lively, thought-provoking, and wise—an essential new addition to the small shelf of books that speak convincingly to the hard questions of our civic life.

Self-Improvement

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Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191618969
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (916 download)

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Book Synopsis Self-Improvement by : Robert N. Johnson

Download or read book Self-Improvement written by Robert N. Johnson and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-10-06 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is there any moral obligation to improve oneself, to foster and develop various capacities in oneself? From a broadly Kantian point of view, Self-Improvement defends the view that there is such an obligation and that it is an obligation that each person owes to him or herself. The defence addresses a range of arguments philosophers have mobilized against this idea, including the argument that it is impossible to owe anything to yourself, and the view that an obligation to improve onself is overly 'moralistic'. Robert N. Johnson argues against Kantian universalization arguments for the duty of self-improvement, as well as arguments that bottom out in a supposed value humanity has. At the same time, he defends a position based on the notion that self- and other-respecting agents would, under the right circumstances, accept the principle of self-improvement and would leave it up to each to be the person to whom this duty is owed.

Kant on the Foundation of Morality

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Author :
Publisher : Bloomington : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Kant on the Foundation of Morality by :

Download or read book Kant on the Foundation of Morality written by and published by Bloomington : Indiana University Press. This book was released on 1970 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals

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Author :
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 3387044550
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals by : Immanuel Kant

Download or read book Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals written by Immanuel Kant and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2023-09-11 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reproduction of the original. The publishing house Megali specialises in reproducing historical works in large print to make reading easier for people with impaired vision.

Arguments for Liberty

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Publisher : Cato Institute
ISBN 13 : 194442413X
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (444 download)

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Book Synopsis Arguments for Liberty by : Aaron Ross Powell

Download or read book Arguments for Liberty written by Aaron Ross Powell and published by Cato Institute. This book was released on 2016-12-06 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two schools of thought have long dominated libertarian discussions about ethics: utilitarianism and natural rights. Those two theories are important, but they’re not the only ways people think about ethics and political philosophy. In Arguments for Liberty, you’ll find a broader approach to libertarianism. In each of Arguments for Liberty’s nine chapters a different political philosopher discusses how his or her preferred school of thought judges political institutions and why libertarianism best meets that standard. Though they end up in the same place, the paths they take diverge in fascinating ways. Readers will find in these pages not only an excellent introduction to libertarianism, but also a primer on some of the most important political and ethical theories. Assuming little or no training in academic philosophy, the essays guide readers through a continuous moral conversation spanning centuries and continents, from Aristotle in ancient Athens to twentieth-century philosopher John Rawls in the halls of Harvard. What’s the best political system? What standards should we use to decide, and why? Arguments for Liberty is a guide to thinking about these questions. It’s also a powerful, nine-fold argument for the goodness and importance of human liberty.

Critique of Practical Reason

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Publisher : Courier Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0486113027
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (861 download)

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Book Synopsis Critique of Practical Reason by : Immanuel Kant

Download or read book Critique of Practical Reason written by Immanuel Kant and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2012-06-11 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 1788 work, based on belief in the immortality of the soul, established Kant as a vindicator of the truth of Christianity. It offers the most complete statement of his theory of free will.

Justice for Hedgehogs

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Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674071964
Total Pages : 521 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Justice for Hedgehogs by : Ronald Dworkin

Download or read book Justice for Hedgehogs written by Ronald Dworkin and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2011-05-03 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fox knows many things, the Greeks said, but the hedgehog knows one big thing. In his most comprehensive work, Ronald Dworkin argues that value in all its forms is one big thing: that what truth is, life means, morality requires, and justice demands are different aspects of the same large question. He develops original theories on a great variety of issues very rarely considered in the same book: moral skepticism, literary, artistic, and historical interpretation, free will, ancient moral theory, being good and living well, liberty, equality, and law among many other topics. What we think about any one of these must stand up, eventually, to any argument we find compelling about the rest. Skepticism in all its forms—philosophical, cynical, or post-modern—threatens that unity. The Galilean revolution once made the theological world of value safe for science. But the new republic gradually became a new empire: the modern philosophers inflated the methods of physics into a totalitarian theory of everything. They invaded and occupied all the honorifics—reality, truth, fact, ground, meaning, knowledge, and being—and dictated the terms on which other bodies of thought might aspire to them, and skepticism has been the inevitable result. We need a new revolution. We must make the world of science safe for value.

Kant's Lectures on Ethics

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316194574
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (161 download)

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Book Synopsis Kant's Lectures on Ethics by : Lara Denis

Download or read book Kant's Lectures on Ethics written by Lara Denis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-23 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book devoted to an examination of Kant's lectures on ethics, which provide a unique and revealing perspective on the development of his views. In fifteen newly commissioned essays, leading Kant scholars discuss four sets of student notes reflecting different periods of Kant's career: those taken by Herder (1762–4), Collins (mid-1770s), Mrongovius (1784–5) and Vigilantius (1793–4). The essays cover a diverse range of topics, from the relation between Kant's lectures and the Baumgarten textbooks, to obligation, virtue, love, the highest good, freedom, the categorical imperative, moral motivation and religion. Together they provide the reader with a deeper and fuller understanding of the evolution of Kant's moral thought. The volume will be of interest to a range of readers in Kant studies, ethics, political philosophy, religious studies and the history of ideas.

Ethics for A-Level

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Publisher : Open Book Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1783743913
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (837 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethics for A-Level by : Mark Dimmock

Download or read book Ethics for A-Level written by Mark Dimmock and published by Open Book Publishers. This book was released on 2017-07-31 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What does pleasure have to do with morality? What role, if any, should intuition have in the formation of moral theory? If something is ‘simulated’, can it be immoral? This accessible and wide-ranging textbook explores these questions and many more. Key ideas in the fields of normative ethics, metaethics and applied ethics are explained rigorously and systematically, with a vivid writing style that enlivens the topics with energy and wit. Individual theories are discussed in detail in the first part of the book, before these positions are applied to a wide range of contemporary situations including business ethics, sexual ethics, and the acceptability of eating animals. A wealth of real-life examples, set out with depth and care, illuminate the complexities of different ethical approaches while conveying their modern-day relevance. This concise and highly engaging resource is tailored to the Ethics components of AQA Philosophy and OCR Religious Studies, with a clear and practical layout that includes end-of-chapter summaries, key terms, and common mistakes to avoid. It should also be of practical use for those teaching Philosophy as part of the International Baccalaureate. Ethics for A-Level is of particular value to students and teachers, but Fisher and Dimmock’s precise and scholarly approach will appeal to anyone seeking a rigorous and lively introduction to the challenging subject of ethics. Tailored to the Ethics components of AQA Philosophy and OCR Religious Studies.

The Right and the Good

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (459 download)

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Book Synopsis The Right and the Good by : William David Ross

Download or read book The Right and the Good written by William David Ross and published by . This book was released on 1930 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Nicomachean Ethics

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Publisher : ReadHowYouWant.com
ISBN 13 : 142500086X
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (25 download)

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Book Synopsis Nicomachean Ethics by : Aristotle

Download or read book Nicomachean Ethics written by Aristotle and published by ReadHowYouWant.com. This book was released on 2006 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aristotle's "Nicomachean Ethics" is considered to be one of the most important treatises on ethics ever written. In an incredibly detailed study of virtue and vice in man, Aristotle examines one of the most central themes to man, the nature of goodness itself. In Aristotle's "Nicomachean Ethics," he asserts that virtue is essential to happiness and that man must live in accordance with the "doctrine of the mean" (the balance between excess and deficiency) to achieve such happiness.

Nicomachean Ethics

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Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781539784388
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis Nicomachean Ethics by : Aristotle

Download or read book Nicomachean Ethics written by Aristotle and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-10-27 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ethics of Aristotle is one half of a single treatise of which his Politics is the other half. Both deal with one and the same subject. This subject is what Aristotle calls in one place the "philosophy of human affairs;" but more frequently Political or Social Science. In the two works taken together we have their author's whole theory of human conduct or practical activity, that is, of all human activity which is not directed merely to knowledge or truth. The Nicomachean Ethics is the name normally given to Aristotle's best-known work on ethics. The work, which plays a pre-eminent role in defining Aristotelian ethics, consists of ten books, originally separate scrolls, and is understood to be based on notes from his lectures at the Lyceum. The title is often assumed to refer to his son Nicomachus, to whom the work was dedicated or who may have edited it (although his young age makes this less likely). Alternatively, the work may have been dedicated to his father, who was also called Nicomachus. The theme of the work is a Socratic question previously explored in the works of Plato, Aristotle's friend and teacher, of how men should best live. In his Metaphysics, Aristotle described how Socrates, the friend and teacher of Plato, had turned philosophy to human questions, whereas Pre-Socratic philosophy had only been theoretical. Ethics, as now separated out for discussion by Aristotle, is practical rather than theoretical, in the original Aristotelian senses of these terms. In other words, it is not only a contemplation about good living, because it also aims to create good living. It is therefore connected to Aristotle's other practical work, the Politics, which similarly aims at people becoming good. Ethics is about how individuals should best live, while the study of politics is from the perspective of a law-giver, looking at the good of a whole community.

Kant's Theory of Evil

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Author :
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 9780739140161
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Kant's Theory of Evil by : Pablo Muchnik

Download or read book Kant's Theory of Evil written by Pablo Muchnik and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2009 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kant's Theory of Evil: An Essay on the Dangers of Self-Love and the Aprioricity of History presents a novel interpretation and defense of Kant's theory of evil. Pablo Muchnik argues that this theory stems from Kant's attempt to reconcile two parallel lines of thought in his own writings: on the one hand, a philosophy of the history of Rousseauian inspiration and naturalistic tendencies; on the other, the meta-physical project of founding morality exclusively on a priori grounds. The syncretism of Kant's view, as exemplified by the resulting moral anthropology in Religion within the Limits of Mere Reason, explains its persistent allure and elusiveness among Kantian readers. Solving some of the most intractable problems surrounding Kant's position, Muchnik's reconstruction is designed to break the deadlock existing between contemporary rival schools of interpretation, torn between Kant's naturalistic tendencies and his moral individualism. This book will certainly influence the way we approach Kantian ethics and the problem of evil in general. Book jacket.

The Highest Good in Aristotle and Kant

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Publisher : Mind Association Occasional
ISBN 13 : 0198714017
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis The Highest Good in Aristotle and Kant by : Joachim Aufderheide

Download or read book The Highest Good in Aristotle and Kant written by Joachim Aufderheide and published by Mind Association Occasional. This book was released on 2015 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The notion of the highest good is central to both Aristotle's and Kant's ethical theories, despite the fact that their approaches to ethics are often thought to be diametrically opposed. A team of experts shed new light on the work of both major philosophers, and reveal the richness, complexity, and fruitfulness of the notion of the highest good.

Disasters: Core Concepts and Ethical Theories

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319927221
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Disasters: Core Concepts and Ethical Theories by : Dónal P. O’Mathúna

Download or read book Disasters: Core Concepts and Ethical Theories written by Dónal P. O’Mathúna and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-16 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access Book is the first to examine disasters from a multidisciplinary perspective. Justification of actions in the face of disasters requires recourse both to conceptual analysis and ethical traditions. Part 1 of the book contains chapters on how disasters are conceptualized in different academic disciplines relevant to disasters. Part 2 has chapters on how ethical issues that arise in relation to disasters can be addressed from a number of fundamental normative approaches in moral and political philosophy. This book sets the stage for more focused normative debates given that no one book can be completely comprehensive. Providing analysis of core concepts, and with real-world relevance, this book should be of interest to disaster scholars and researchers, those working in ethics and political philosophy, as well as policy makers, humanitarian actors and intergovernmental organizations..