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Disasters Core Concepts And Ethical Theories
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Book Synopsis Disasters: Core Concepts and Ethical Theories by : Dónal P. O’Mathúna
Download or read book Disasters: Core Concepts and Ethical Theories written by Dónal P. O’Mathúna and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-16 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access Book is the first to examine disasters from a multidisciplinary perspective. Justification of actions in the face of disasters requires recourse both to conceptual analysis and ethical traditions. Part 1 of the book contains chapters on how disasters are conceptualized in different academic disciplines relevant to disasters. Part 2 has chapters on how ethical issues that arise in relation to disasters can be addressed from a number of fundamental normative approaches in moral and political philosophy. This book sets the stage for more focused normative debates given that no one book can be completely comprehensive. Providing analysis of core concepts, and with real-world relevance, this book should be of interest to disaster scholars and researchers, those working in ethics and political philosophy, as well as policy makers, humanitarian actors and intergovernmental organizations..
Download or read book Disasters written by Bert Gordijn and published by . This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access Book is the first to examine disasters from a multidisciplinary perspective. Justification of actions in the face of disasters requires recourse both to conceptual analysis and ethical traditions. Part 1 of the book contains chapters on how disasters are conceptualized in different academic disciplines relevant to disasters. Part 2 has chapters on how ethical issues that arise in relation to disasters can be addressed from a number of fundamental normative approaches in moral and political philosophy. This book sets the stage for more focused normative debates given that no one book can be completely comprehensive. Providing analysis of core concepts, and with real-world relevance, this book should be of interest to disaster scholars and researchers, those working in ethics and political philosophy, as well as policy makers, humanitarian actors and intergovernmental organizations.. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.
Book Synopsis Guidance for Establishing Crisis Standards of Care for Use in Disaster Situations by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Guidance for Establishing Crisis Standards of Care for Use in Disaster Situations written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-09-23 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The influenza pandemic caused by the 2009 H1N1 virus underscores the immediate and critical need to prepare for a public health emergency in which thousands, tens of thousands, or even hundreds of thousands of people suddenly seek and require medical care in communities across the United States. Guidance for Establishing Crisis Standards of Care for Use in Disaster Situations draws from a broad spectrum of expertise-including state and local public health, emergency medicine and response, primary care, nursing, palliative care, ethics, the law, behavioral health, and risk communication-to offer guidance toward establishing standards of care that should apply to disaster situations, both naturally occurring and man-made, under conditions in which resources are scarce. This book explores two case studies that illustrate the application of the guidance and principles laid out in the report. One scenario focuses on a gradual-onset pandemic flu. The other scenario focuses on an earthquake and the particular issues that would arise during a no-notice event. Outlining current concepts and offering guidance, this book will prove an asset to state and local public health officials, health care facilities, and professionals in the development of systematic and comprehensive policies and protocols for standards of care in disasters when resources are scarce. In addition, the extensive operations section of the book provides guidance to clinicians, health care institutions, and state and local public health officials for how crisis standards of care should be implemented in a disaster situation.
Book Synopsis Saving Human Lives by : Robert E. Allinson
Download or read book Saving Human Lives written by Robert E. Allinson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-20 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a pioneering work. Recent disasters such as the tsunami disaster continue to demonstrate Professor Allinson’s thesis that valuing human lives is the core of ethical management. His unique comparison of the ideas of the power of Fate and High Technology, his penetrating analysis of the very concept of an "accident", demonstrate how concepts rule our lives. His wide-ranging investigation of court cases and government documents from the seventeenth through the twentieth centuries, and from places as diverse as the USA, UK and New Zealand provide ample supporting evidence for the universality and the power of explanation of his thesis. Saving Human Lives will have an impact beyond measurement on the field of management ethics.
Book Synopsis Public Health Disasters: A Global Ethical Framework by : Michael Olusegun Afolabi
Download or read book Public Health Disasters: A Global Ethical Framework written by Michael Olusegun Afolabi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-27 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the first critical examination of the overlapping ethical, sociocultural, and policy-related issues surrounding disasters, global bioethics, and public health ethics. These issues are elucidated under the conceptual rubric: Public health disasters (PHDs). The book defines PHDs as public health issues with devastating social consequences, the attendant public health impacts of natural or man-made disasters, and latent or low prevalence public health issues with the potential to rapidly acquire pandemic capacities. This notion is illustrated using Ebola and pandemic influenza outbreaks, atypical drug-resistant tuberculosis, and the health emergencies of earthquakes as focal points. Drawing on an approach that reckons with microbial, existential, and anthropological realities; the book develops a relational-based global ethical framework that can help address the local, anthropological, ecological, and transnational dynamics of the ethical issues engendered by public health disasters. The book also charts some of the critical roles that relevant local and transnational stakeholders may play in translating the proposed global ethical framework from the sphere of concept to the arena of action. This title is of immense benefit to bioethics scholars, public and global health policy experts, as well as graduate students working in the area of global health, public health ethics, and disaster bioethics.
Download or read book Ethics for Disaster written by Naomi Zack and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2023-05-12 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethics for Disaster shows how individual and government preparation and response to disasters are ethical matters which reveal social inequalities. With four new chapters, the second edition reveals how lack of preparation for climate change and pandemics has made disasters a modern constant risk demanding adherence to strong moral principles.
Book Synopsis Community Disaster Vulnerability by : Michael J. Zakour
Download or read book Community Disaster Vulnerability written by Michael J. Zakour and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-13 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disaster vulnerability is rapidly increasing on a global scale, particularly for those populations which are the historical clients of the social work profession. These populations include the very young and very old, the poor, ethnic and racial minorities, and those with physical or mental disabilities. Social workers are increasingly providing services in disasters during response and recovery periods, and are using community interventions to reduce disaster vulnerability. There is a need for a cogent theory of vulnerability and research that addresses improved community disaster practice and community resilience. Community Disaster Vulnerability and Resilience provides a unifying theoretical framework backed by research which can be translated into knowledge for effective practice in disasters.
Download or read book Humanitarian Ethics written by Hugo Slim and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-01-09 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humanitarians are required to be impartial, independent, professionally competent and focused only on preventing and alleviating human suffering. It can be hard living up to these principles when others do not share them, while persuading political and military authorities and non-state actors to let an agency assist on the ground requires savvy ethical skills. Getting first to a conflict or natural catastrophe is only the beginning, as aid workers are usually and immediately presented with practical and moral questions about what to do next. For example, when does working closely with a warring party or an immoral regime move from practical cooperation to complicity in human rights violations? Should one operate in camps for displaced people and refugees if they are effectively places of internment? Do humanitarian agencies inadvertently encourage ethnic cleansing by always being ready to 'mop-up' the consequences of scorched earth warfare? This book has been written to help humanitarians assess and respond to these and other ethical dilemmas.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Research Ethics and Scientific Integrity by : Ron Iphofen
Download or read book Handbook of Research Ethics and Scientific Integrity written by Ron Iphofen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-04-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is a ‘one-stop shop’ for current information, issues and challenges in the fields of research ethics and scientific integrity. It provides a comprehensive coverage of research and integrity issues, both within researchers’ ‘home’ discipline and in relation to similar concerns in other disciplines. The handbook covers common elements shared by disciplines and research professions, such as consent, privacy, data management, fraud, and plagiarism. The handbook also includes contributions and perspectives from academics from various disciplines, treating issues specific to their fields. Readers are able to quickly source the most comprehensive and up-to-date information, protagonists, issues and challenges in the field. Experienced researchers keen to assess their own perspectives, as well as novice researchers aiming to establish the field, will equally find the handbook of interest and practical benefit. It saves them a great deal of time in sourcing the disparate available material in these fields and it is the first ‘port of call’ for a wide range of researchers, research advisors, funding agencies and research reviewers.The most important feature is the handbook’s ability to provide practical advice and guidance to researchers in a wide range of disciplines and professions to help them ‘think through’ their approach to difficult questions related to the principles, values and standards they need to bring to their research practice.
Book Synopsis Experimental Philosophy by : Joshua Knobe
Download or read book Experimental Philosophy written by Joshua Knobe and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides an introduction to the major themes of work in experimental philosophy, bringing together some of the most influential articles in the field along with a collection of papers that explore the theoretical significance of this research.
Book Synopsis Vulnerability and Human Rights by : Bryan S. Turner
Download or read book Vulnerability and Human Rights written by Bryan S. Turner and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2015-10-29 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mass violence of the twentieth century’s two world wars—followed more recently by decentralized and privatized warfare, manifested in terrorism, ethnic cleansing, and other localized forms of killing—has led to a heightened awareness of human beings’ vulnerability and the precarious nature of the institutions they create to protect themselves from violence and exploitation. This vulnerability, something humans share amid the diversity of cultural beliefs and values that mark their differences, provides solid ground on which to construct a framework of human rights. Bryan Turner undertakes this task here, developing a sociology of rights from a sociology of the human body. His blending of empirical research with normative analysis constitutes an important step forward for the discipline of sociology. Like anthropology, sociology has traditionally eschewed the study of justice as beyond the limits of a discipline that pays homage to cultural relativism and the “value neutrality” of positivistic science. Turner’s expanded approach accordingly involves a truly interdisciplinary dialogue with the literature of economics, law, medicine, philosophy, political science, and religion.
Book Synopsis Disasters and History by : Bas van Bavel
Download or read book Disasters and History written by Bas van Bavel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-22 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disasters and History offers the first comprehensive historical overview of hazards and disasters. Drawing on a range of case studies, including the Black Death, the Lisbon earthquake of 1755 and the Fukushima disaster, the authors examine how societies dealt with shocks and hazards and their potentially disastrous outcomes. They reveal the ways in which the consequences and outcomes of these disasters varied widely not only between societies but also within the same societies according to social groups, ethnicity and gender. They also demonstrate how studying past disasters, including earthquakes, droughts, floods and epidemics, can provide a lens through which to understand the social, economic and political functioning of past societies and reveal features of a society which may otherwise remain hidden from view. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Book Synopsis International Disaster Management Ethics by : Liza Ireni Saban
Download or read book International Disaster Management Ethics written by Liza Ireni Saban and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2016-09-30 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Responds to the demanding political and ethical challenges faced by the international disaster management community. Today’s international disaster management community faces demanding political and ethical challenges. In International Disaster Management Ethics, Liza Ireni Saban suggests that it is crucial for international aid organizations engaged in disaster management to attempt to lift the moral fog that envelops their practice and to alert them to the ethical implications and meaning of their decisions and actions, commitment to exercising ethical judgment, and leadership. Drawing on examples from large scale natural disasters—the 2003 Bam earthquake in Iran, the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, the 2005 hurricanes that struck the US Gulf Coast, the 2010 Haitian earthquake, and the 2013 Philippines typhoon—Saban applies current prominent perspectives on global justice to international disaster management, arguing that a process of codification will enhance the capacity to professionalize distributive decision making. Rather than being obligatory, taking into account global distributive considerations will become a defining part of the profession at a global level, at a time when international disaster relief is facing more and more severe natural disasters. Liza Ireni Saban is Deputy Dean of the Lauder School of Government, Diplomacy, and Strategy at the Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya, Israel. She is the author of Disaster Emergency Management: The Emergence of Professional Help Services for Victims of Natural Disasters, also published by SUNY Press.
Book Synopsis The Ethics of Coercion in Mass Casualty Medicine by : Griffin Trotter
Download or read book The Ethics of Coercion in Mass Casualty Medicine written by Griffin Trotter and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2007-03-01 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disasters, both natural and manufactured, provide ample opportunities for official coercion. Authorities may enact quarantines, force evacuations, and commandeer people and supplies—all in the name of the public's health. When might such extreme actions be justified, and how does a democratic society ensure that public officials exercise care and forethought to avoid running roughshod over human rights? In The Ethics of Coercion in Mass Casualty Medicine, Griffin Trotter explores these fundamental questions with skepticism, debunking myths in pursuit of an elusive ethical balance between individual liberties and public security. Through real-life and hypothetical case studies, Trotter discusses when forced compliance is justified and when it is not, how legitimate force should be exercised and implemented, and what societies can do to protect themselves against excessive coercion. The guidelines that emerge are both practical and practicable. Drawing on core concepts from bioethics, political philosophy, public health, sociology, and medicine, this timely book lays the groundwork for a new vision of official disaster response based on preventing and minimizing the need for coercive action.
Book Synopsis Of Risks and Normative Responses by : Christina Anikó Simmig
Download or read book Of Risks and Normative Responses written by Christina Anikó Simmig and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-10-25 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disaster losses in the context of natural hazards continue to rise, despite a growing understanding of disaster risks and measures to reduce them. One obstacle to enhancing private and public disaster risk reduction is the influence of the distorted risk perception of laypeople. The book argues for the necessity of public regulations and explores means to mitigate the consequences of such distorted risk perception through legal measures and adjustments to political decision-making in Council of Europe member states, while respecting the value of autonomy and democratic principles. In terms of collective decision-making, the book advocates for the implementation of deliberative fora in the democratic decision-making process to mitigate the influence of distorted risk perception associated with natural hazards. Additionally, the book discusses a range of disaster risk reducing measures that member states may lawfully implement to protect individuals and communities from the consequences of distorted risk perceptions related to common natural hazards. To underscore the merits of strengthening disaster risk reduction from the bottom-up, this book demonstrates how fundamental rights and democratic values impede attempts to increase DRR from the top-down, even in cases where people's risk perceptions are distorted. In doing so, the book addresses the issue of disaster risk reduction in a novel way by exposing how legal and political barriers to disaster loss reduction can be overcome by giving higher priority to mitigating distorted risk perceptions.
Download or read book At Risk written by Piers Blaikie and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-21 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term 'natural disaster' is often used to refer to natural events such as earthquakes, hurricanes or floods. However, the phrase 'natural disaster' suggests an uncritical acceptance of a deeply engrained ideological and cultural myth. At Risk questions this myth and argues that extreme natural events are not disasters until a vulnerable group of people is exposed. The updated new edition confronts a further ten years of ever more expensive and deadly disasters and discusses disaster not as an aberration, but as a signal failure of mainstream 'development'. Two analytical models are provided as tools for understanding vulnerability. One links remote and distant 'root causes' to 'unsafe conditions' in a 'progression of vulnerability'. The other uses the concepts of 'access' and 'livelihood' to understand why some households are more vulnerable than others. Examining key natural events and incorporating strategies to create a safer world, this revised edition is an important resource for those involved in the fields of environment and development studies.
Book Synopsis Disaster Bioethics: Normative Issues When Nothing is Normal by : Dónal P. O’Mathúna
Download or read book Disaster Bioethics: Normative Issues When Nothing is Normal written by Dónal P. O’Mathúna and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-26 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an early exploration of the new field of disaster bioethics: examining the ethical issues raised by disasters. Healthcare ethics issues are addressed in the first part of this book. Large-scale casualties lead to decisions about who to treat and who to leave behind, cultural challenges, and communication ethics. The second part focuses on disaster research ethics. With the growing awareness of the need for evidence to guide disaster preparedness and response, more research is being conducted in disasters. Any research involving humans raises ethical questions and requires appropriate regulation and oversight. The authors explore how disaster research can take account of survivors? vulnerability, informed consent, the sudden onset of disasters, and other ethical issues. Both parts examine ethical challenges where seeking to do good, harm can be done. Faced with overwhelming needs and scarce resources, no good solution may be apparent. But choosing the less wrong option can have a high price. In addition, what might seem right at home may not be seen to be right elsewhere. This book provides in-depth and practical reflection on these and other challenging ethical questions arising during disasters. Scholars and practitioners who gathered at the Brocher Foundation in Geneva, Switzerland in 2011 offer their reflections to promote further dialogue so that those devastated by disasters are respected by being treated in the most ethically soun d ways possible.
