Thermal Response of Skewed Bridges

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ISBN 13 : 9780921303152
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Response of Skewed Bridges by :

Download or read book Thermal Response of Skewed Bridges written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridges may experience large movements or stresses when exposed to environmental conditions. Large stresses occur when thermal movements are prevented, and as a result inaccurate estimation of these movements may lead to damage of the bridge. The damage may, in turn, lead to expensive repairs, increased maintenance cost, and reduced service life of the structure. It is relatively easy to estimate the thermal movements in straight, non-skew bridges. The movements of a simple bridge can be estimated by a relatively simple equation based on the length of the bridge, the coefficient of thermal expansion and the maximum temperature changed expected for that environment. Skewed bridges, however, have more complex thermal response; their thermal movements may surprise many bridge engineers. A recent study of State Departments of Transportation have identified a number of such bridges. The Casper Creek Bridge in Casper, Wyoming, is one such bridge. The bridge is described, and the deformation and damage which have been noted are examined. A series of computer analyses is discussed. The mathematical modelling is described in detail, and the alternate models are compared to the real structure. The results of the analyses are correlated to observed behaviour. These calculations lead to a rational explanation of the cause of the unusual behaviour. Methods of alleviating the problem and avoiding similar problems in the future are evaluated. For the covering abstract of the Conference see IRRD Abstract no. 807839.

Thermal Response of a Highly Skewed Integral Bridge

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (815 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Response of a Highly Skewed Integral Bridge by : Edward J. Hoppe

Download or read book Thermal Response of a Highly Skewed Integral Bridge written by Edward J. Hoppe and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to conduct a field evaluation of a highly skewed semi integral bridge in order to provide feedback regarding some of the assumptions behind the design guidelines developed by the Virginia Department of Transportation. The project was focused on the long term monitoring of a bridge on Route 18 over the Blue Spring Run in Alleghany County, Virginia. The 110 ft long, one span bridge was constructed at a 45 degree skew and with no approach slabs. It incorporated an elasticized expanded polystyrene material at the back of the integral backwall. Bridge data reflecting thermally induced displacements, loads, earth pressures, and pile strains were acquired at hourly intervals over a period of approximately 5 years. Approach elevations were also monitored. Analysis of data was used to formulate design recommendations for integral bridges in Virginia.Field results indicated that semi integral bridges can perform satisfactorily at a 45 degree skew provided some design details are modified. The relatively high skew angle resulted in a pronounced tendency of the semi integral superstructure to rotate in the horizontal plane. This rotation can generate higher than anticipated horizontal earth pressure acting on the abutment wingwall. Study recommendations include modifying the structural detail of the backwall wingwall interface to mitigate crack formation and placing the load buttress close to the acute corner of a highly skewed abutment to reduce the abutment horizontal rotation. The use of elastic inclusion at the back of the semi integral backwall resulted in the reduction of earth pressures and negligible approach settlements. The study recommendations include proposed horizontal earth pressure coefficients for design and a revised approach to calculating the required thickness of the elastic inclusion. While recommending that the existing VDOT guidelines allow an increase in the allowable skew angle from 30 degree to 45 degree for semi integral bridges, the study also proposes a field investigation of the maximum skew angle for fully integral bridges because of the inherently low stiffness associated with a single row of foundation piles. The study indicates that current VDOT guidelines can be relaxed to allow design of a wider range of jointless bridges. The implementation of integral design has been shown to reduce bridge lifetime costs because of the elimination of deck joints, which often create numerous maintenance problems.

Thermal Response of Integral Abutment Bridges with Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 70 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (837 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Response of Integral Abutment Bridges with Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls by : Alfredo Eduardo Arenas

Download or read book Thermal Response of Integral Abutment Bridges with Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls written by Alfredo Eduardo Arenas and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advantages of integral abutment bridges (IABs) include reduced maintenance costs and increased useful life spans. However, improved procedures are necessary to account for the impacts of cyclic thermal displacements on IAB components, including the foundation piling and the components of mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls that are often used around IABs. As requested by the Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research and the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT), this research focused on IABs with foundation piling in the backfill of MSE walls that have a "Uback" configuration, which indicates that the MSE wall has three faces, one parallel to the abutment and two parallel to the bridge alignment. During this research, more than 65 three-dimensional numerical analyses were performed to investigate and quantify how different structural and geotechnical bridge components behave during thermal expansion and contraction of the bridge. In addition, a separate series of three-dimensional numerical models were developed to evaluate the usefulness of corrugated steel pipes in-filled with loose sand around the abutment piles. The results of this research quantify the influence of design parameter variations on the effects of thermal displacement on system components, and thus provide information necessary for IAB design. One of the findings is that corrugated steel pipes around abutment piles are not necessary. An estimate of the cost savings from eliminating these pipes is presented. One of the most important outputs of this research is an easy-to-use Excel spreadsheet, named IAB v3, that quantifies the impact of thermal displacement in the longitudinal direction, but also in the transverse direction when the abutment wall is at a skew angle to the bridge alignment. The spreadsheet accommodates seven different pile sizes, which can be oriented for weak or strong axis bending, with variable offset of the abutment from the MSE wall and for variable skew angles. Both steel and concrete girders are considered. The spreadsheet calculates the increments of displacements, forces, moments, and pressures on systems components due to thermal displacement of IABs. In addition, this report provides recommendations for implementing the research results in VDOT practice by proposing modifications to Chapter 17 of VDOT's Manual of the Structure and Bridge Division, Volume--Part 2, Design Aids and Particular Details, and to Chapter 10 of Volume--Part 11, Geotechnical Manual for Structures. The background for each recommended modification is discussed, and specific details for changes to wording and calculations in the manuals are presented.

Thermal Response of Integral Abutment Bridges with Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (837 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Response of Integral Abutment Bridges with Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls by : Alfredo Eduardo Arenas

Download or read book Thermal Response of Integral Abutment Bridges with Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls written by Alfredo Eduardo Arenas and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advantages of integral abutment bridges (IABs) include reduced maintenance costs and increased useful life spans. However, improved procedures are necessary to account for the impacts of cyclic thermal displacements on IAB components, including the foundation piling and the components of mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls that are often used around IABs. As requested by the Virginia Center for Transportation Innovation and Research and the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT), this research focused on IABs with foundation piling in the backfill of MSE walls that have a "Uback" configuration, which indicates that the MSE wall has three faces, one parallel to the abutment and two parallel to the bridge alignment. During this research, more than 65 three-dimensional numerical analyses were performed to investigate and quantify how different structural and geotechnical bridge components behave during thermal expansion and contraction of the bridge. In addition, a separate series of three-dimensional numerical models were developed to evaluate the usefulness of corrugated steel pipes in-filled with loose sand around the abutment piles. The results of this research quantify the influence of design parameter variations on the effects of thermal displacement on system components, and thus provide information necessary for IAB design. One of the findings is that corrugated steel pipes around abutment piles are not necessary. An estimate of the cost savings from eliminating these pipes is presented. One of the most important outputs of this research is an easy-to-use Excel spreadsheet, named IAB v3, that quantifies the impact of thermal displacement in the longitudinal direction, but also in the transverse direction when the abutment wall is at a skew angle to the bridge alignment. The spreadsheet accommodates seven different pile sizes, which can be oriented for weak or strong axis bending, with variable offset of the abutment from the MSE wall and for variable skew angles. Both steel and concrete girders are considered. The spreadsheet calculates the increments of displacements, forces, moments, and pressures on systems components due to thermal displacement of IABs. In addition, this report provides recommendations for implementing the research results in VDOT practice by proposing modifications to Chapter 17 of VDOT's Manual of the Structure and Bridge Division, Volume--Part 2, Design Aids and Particular Details, and to Chapter 10 of Volume--Part 11, Geotechnical Manual for Structures. The background for each recommended modification is discussed, and specific details for changes to wording and calculations in the manuals are presented.

Sensitivity of Response of Skewed Bridges to Their Span Length, Number of Bents and Abutment Modeling

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ISBN 13 : 9781369688207
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (882 download)

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Book Synopsis Sensitivity of Response of Skewed Bridges to Their Span Length, Number of Bents and Abutment Modeling by : Shayan Sheikhakbari

Download or read book Sensitivity of Response of Skewed Bridges to Their Span Length, Number of Bents and Abutment Modeling written by Shayan Sheikhakbari and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sensitivity of the seismic performance of two typical bridges to the modeling variation of their abutment parameters is investigated and compared through a comparison parameter proposed in this study. One of the bridges is a two-span two-column-bent bridge with seat-type skew abutment and the other is a three-span three-column-bent bridge with seat-type skew abutment. A set of 40 pulse-like ground motions is applied to the bridges for nonlinear time-history analysis.In the transverse direction, two force-deformation models, which are based on strut-and-tie and sliding shear friction mechanisms, are used. The analytical models are based on the extensive experimental research previously conducted.A hyperbolic force-deformation model (General Hyperbolic Force Deformation) is used to represent the passive lateral resistance of the abutment backfill. For considering the possible variation in the backfill geotechnical property, three typical abutment backfill is chosen from the exciting data that was collected from multiple highway bridges in California. Two alternative methods are used to account for the effect of the abutment skew angle on the backfill reaction. The methods include an empirical relationship derived from experimental data, and an analytical method developed based on assumed log-spiral soil failure mechanism.A comparison parameter is proposed in this study, which is a representative of ductility demand of a skewed bridge to the same non-skewed bridge. For each case, the parameter is computed using the data derived from the nonlinear time-history analysis to investigate the seismic performance of bridges and compare the ductility demand of the specimen bridges.The outcome of this research reveals the significance of shear keys and abutment backfill on the global response of bridges. The sensitivity of the comparison parameter to the specimen bridges' geometry is also discussed in detail in this study.

Seasonal Variations in the Thermal Response of a Concrete Box Girder Bridge

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (152 download)

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Book Synopsis Seasonal Variations in the Thermal Response of a Concrete Box Girder Bridge by :

Download or read book Seasonal Variations in the Thermal Response of a Concrete Box Girder Bridge written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Bridge Seminar 1978: Ambient thermal response of concrete bridges, by M.J.N. Priestley and I.G. Buckle

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (592 download)

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Book Synopsis Bridge Seminar 1978: Ambient thermal response of concrete bridges, by M.J.N. Priestley and I.G. Buckle by :

Download or read book Bridge Seminar 1978: Ambient thermal response of concrete bridges, by M.J.N. Priestley and I.G. Buckle written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Transverse Thermal Response of a Composite Bridge

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (75 download)

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Book Synopsis Transverse Thermal Response of a Composite Bridge by : Michael J. Filla

Download or read book Transverse Thermal Response of a Composite Bridge written by Michael J. Filla and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A two-span, composite-design, test structure was subjected to thermal loading. The resultant longitudinal and transverse response was correlated with that calculated by a prior theoretical procedure. The theoretical procedure was reconfirmed for longitudinal stress, and indicated within reasonable probability for transverse stress. No measurable diaphragm influence was observed"--Abstract, leaf iii.

Instrumentation to Study Thermal Loading of a Skewed Integral Abutment Bridge

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (75 download)

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Book Synopsis Instrumentation to Study Thermal Loading of a Skewed Integral Abutment Bridge by : Bryce Robert Hanlon

Download or read book Instrumentation to Study Thermal Loading of a Skewed Integral Abutment Bridge written by Bryce Robert Hanlon and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Temperature Effects on Skewed Semi-integral Bridge End Diaphragms

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Temperature Effects on Skewed Semi-integral Bridge End Diaphragms by : Joshua S. Lucas

Download or read book Temperature Effects on Skewed Semi-integral Bridge End Diaphragms written by Joshua S. Lucas and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years jointless bridges have become more common and issues associated with these bridges are starting to develop. Past research has shown that as skewed bridges change temperature, additional lateral movement or forces will occur along with the elongation of the bridge. Even though past research has documented this behavior, lateral movements associated with semi-integral bridge superstructure has not been well predicted. When larger skew angles and longer bridge spans are used, even more movement could be expected.

Thermal Stresses

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 564 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Stresses by : Richard B. Hetnarski

Download or read book Thermal Stresses written by Richard B. Hetnarski and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Thermal Response of Bridges

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (152 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Response of Bridges by : New Zealand. Road Research Unit. Technical Committee 4, Bridges and Structures

Download or read book Thermal Response of Bridges written by New Zealand. Road Research Unit. Technical Committee 4, Bridges and Structures and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Thermal Response in Florida Bridges

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (271 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Response in Florida Bridges by : M. Arockiasamy

Download or read book Thermal Response in Florida Bridges written by M. Arockiasamy and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Field Study of Live Load and Thermal Response of a Cable-stayed Concrete Box-girder Bridge

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (258 download)

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Book Synopsis Field Study of Live Load and Thermal Response of a Cable-stayed Concrete Box-girder Bridge by : Paul Scott Duemmel

Download or read book Field Study of Live Load and Thermal Response of a Cable-stayed Concrete Box-girder Bridge written by Paul Scott Duemmel and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Short and Long-term Performance of a Skewed Integral Abutment Prestressed Concrete Bridge

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 219 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Short and Long-term Performance of a Skewed Integral Abutment Prestressed Concrete Bridge by : Rami Ameer Bahjat

Download or read book Short and Long-term Performance of a Skewed Integral Abutment Prestressed Concrete Bridge written by Rami Ameer Bahjat and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study presents the behavior of a precast skewed integral abutment bridge (IAB) using the recently developed NEXT-F Beam section in particular. In order to understand the bridge response, a 3-dimensional finite element model of a bridge (Brimfield Bridge) was developed to examine the thermal effect on the response of the bridge structural components. Eighteen months of field monitoring including abutments displacements, abutment rotations, deck strains, and beam strains was conducted utilizing 136 strain gauges, 6 crackmeters, and 2 tiltmeters. The behavior of the NEXT beams during construction was examined by conducting hand calculation considering all factors that could affect strain readings captured by strain gauges embedded in the 6 beams. Parametric analysis and model validation were conducted considering the effect of soil conditions, distribution of thermal loads, and the coefficient of thermal expansion used for the analyses. Using the validated model, the effect pile orientation was investigated. All the results and illustration plots are presented in detail in this study. As a result of this study, the behavior of the NEXT beams during construction was explained. Long term behavior of the bridge was also explained using field data and FE model. Furthermore, it was concluded that the coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete and temperature variation along the bridge depth and transverse direction can have a significant effect on the strain readings and calculated response, respectively. Lastly, it was found that orienting piles with their web perpendicular on the bridge centerline or with their web perpendicular to the abutment centerline will result in small ratio of moment demand to moment capacity.

Thermal Effects on Skewed Highway Bridges Including Bearing Orientation

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Effects on Skewed Highway Bridges Including Bearing Orientation by : Troy Ted Tindal

Download or read book Thermal Effects on Skewed Highway Bridges Including Bearing Orientation written by Troy Ted Tindal and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Seismic Response of Skewed Two-span Composite Steel Bridges

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (437 download)

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Book Synopsis Seismic Response of Skewed Two-span Composite Steel Bridges by : Jincheng Li

Download or read book Seismic Response of Skewed Two-span Composite Steel Bridges written by Jincheng Li and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: