The Urban Revolution

Download The Urban Revolution PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : U of Minnesota Press
ISBN 13 : 9780816641604
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (416 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Urban Revolution by : Henri Lefebvre

Download or read book The Urban Revolution written by Henri Lefebvre and published by U of Minnesota Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1970, The Urban Revolution marked Henri Lefebvre’s first sustained critique of urban society, a work in which he pioneered the use of semiotic, structuralist, and poststructuralist methodologies in analyzing the development of the urban environment. Although it is widely considered a foundational book in contemporary thinking about the city, The Urban Revolution has never been translated into English—until now. This first English edition, deftly translated by Robert Bononno, makes available to a broad audience Lefebvre’s sophisticated insights into the urban dimensions of modern life.Lefebvre begins with the premise that the total urbanization of society is an inevitable process that demands of its critics new interpretive and perceptual approaches that recognize the urban as a complex field of inquiry. Dismissive of cold, modernist visions of the city, particularly those embodied by rationalist architects and urban planners like Le Corbusier, Lefebvre instead articulates the lived experiences of individual inhabitants of the city. In contrast to the ideology of urbanism and its reliance on commodification and bureaucratization—the capitalist logic of market and state—Lefebvre conceives of an urban utopia characterized by self-determination, individual creativity, and authentic social relationships.A brilliantly conceived and theoretically rigorous investigation into the realities and possibilities of urban space, The Urban Revolution remains an essential analysis of and guide to the nature of the city.Henri Lefebvre (d. 1991) was one of the most significant European thinkers of the twentieth century. His many books include The Production of Space (1991), Everyday Life in the Modern World (1994), Introduction to Modernity (1995), and Writings on Cities (1995).Robert Bononno is a full-time translator who lives in New York. His recent translations include The Singular Objects of Architecture by Jean Baudrillard and Jean Nouvel (Minnesota, 2002) and Cyberculture by Pierre Lévy (Minnesota, 2001).

Rebel Cities: From the Right to the City to the Urban Revolution

Download Rebel Cities: From the Right to the City to the Urban Revolution PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Verso Books
ISBN 13 : 1844678822
Total Pages : 207 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (446 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Rebel Cities: From the Right to the City to the Urban Revolution by : David Harvey

Download or read book Rebel Cities: From the Right to the City to the Urban Revolution written by David Harvey and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2012-04-04 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manifesto on the urban commons from the acclaimed theorist.

Urban Revolution Now

Download Urban Revolution Now PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351876430
Total Pages : 555 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (518 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Urban Revolution Now by : Christian Schmid

Download or read book Urban Revolution Now written by Christian Schmid and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-12-05 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Henri Lefebvre published The Urban Revolution in 1970, he sketched a research itinerary on the emerging tendency towards planetary urbanization. Today, when this tendency has become reality, Lefebvre’s ideas on everyday life, production of space, rhythmanalysis and the right to the city are indispensable for the understanding of urbanization processes at every scale of social practice. This volume is the first to develop Lefebvre’s concepts in social research and architecture by focusing on urban conjunctures in Barcelona, Belgrade, Berlin, Budapest, Copenhagen, Dhaka, Hong Kong, London, New Orleans, Nowa Huta, Paris, Toronto, São Paulo, Sarajevo, as well as in Mexico and Switzerland. With contributions by historians and theorists of architecture and urbanism, geographers, sociologists, political and cultural scientists, Urban Revolution Now reveals the multiplicity of processes of urbanization and the variety of their patterns and actors around the globe.

Welcome to the Urban Revolution

Download Welcome to the Urban Revolution PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 : 1608190927
Total Pages : 359 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (81 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Welcome to the Urban Revolution by : Jeb Brugmann

Download or read book Welcome to the Urban Revolution written by Jeb Brugmann and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2010-04-27 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author argues that urban locations are ideal for technological, economic, and social innovation.

The Urban Food Revolution

Download The Urban Food Revolution PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : New Society Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1550924885
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (59 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Urban Food Revolution by : Peter Ladner

Download or read book The Urban Food Revolution written by Peter Ladner and published by New Society Publishers. This book was released on 2011-11-15 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our reliance on industrial agriculture has resulted in a food supply riddled with hidden environmental, economic and health care costs and beset by rising food prices. With only a handful of corporations responsible for the lion's share of the food on our supermarket shelves, we are incredibly vulnerable to supply chain disruption. The Urban Food Revolution provides a recipe for community food security based on leading innovations across North America. The author draws on his political and business experience to show that we have all the necessary ingredients to ensure that local, fresh sustainable food is affordable and widely available. He describes how cities are bringing food production home by: Growing community through neighborhood gardening, cooking and composting programs Rebuilding local food processing, storage and distribution systems Investing in farmers markets and community supported agriculture Reducing obesity through local fresh food initiatives in schools, colleges and universities. Ending inner-city food deserts Producing food locally makes people healthier, alleviates poverty, creates jobs, and makes cities safer and more beautiful. The Urban Food Revolution is an essential resource for anyone who has lost confidence in the global industrial food system and wants practical advice on how to join the local food revolution.

Streetfight

Download Streetfight PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0143128973
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (431 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Streetfight by : Janette Sadik-Khan

Download or read book Streetfight written by Janette Sadik-Khan and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2017-03-07 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Like a modern-day Jane Jacobs, Janette Sadik-Khan transformed New York City's streets to make room for pedestrians, cyclists, buses, and green spaces. Describing the battles she fought to enact change, Streetfight imparts wisdom and practical advice that other cities can follow to make their own streets safer and more vibrant. As New York City’s transportation commissioner, Janette Sadik-Khan managed the seemingly impossible and transformed the streets of one of the world’s greatest, toughest cities into dynamic spaces safe for pedestrians and cyclists. Her approach was dramatic and effective: Simply painting a part of the street to make it into a plaza or bus lane not only made the street safer, but it also lessened congestion and increased foot traffic, which improved the bottom line of businesses. Real-life experience confirmed that if you know how to read the street, you can make it function better by not totally reconstructing it but by reallocating the space that’s already there. Breaking the street into its component parts, Streetfight demonstrates, with step-by-step visuals, how to rewrite the underlying “source code” of a street, with pointers on how to add protected bike paths, improve crosswalk space, and provide visual cues to reduce speeding. Achieving such a radical overhaul wasn’t easy, and Streetfight pulls back the curtain on the battles Sadik-Khan won to make her approach work. She includes examples of how this new way to read the streets has already made its way around the world, from pocket parks in Mexico City and Los Angeles to more pedestrian-friendly streets in Auckland and Buenos Aires, and innovative bike-lane designs and plazas in Austin, Indianapolis, and San Francisco. Many are inspired by the changes taking place in New York City and are based on the same techniques. Streetfight deconstructs, reassembles, and reinvents the street, inviting readers to see it in ways they never imagined.

China’s Urban Revolution

Download China’s Urban Revolution PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1350003239
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (5 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis China’s Urban Revolution by : Austin Williams

Download or read book China’s Urban Revolution written by Austin Williams and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-10-19 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By 2025, China will have built fifteen new 'supercities' each with 25 million inhabitants. It will have created 250 'Eco-cities' as well: clean, green, car-free, people-friendly, high-tech urban centres. From the edge of an impending eco-catastrophe, we are arguably witnessing history's greatest environmental turnaround - an urban experiment that may provide valuable lessons for cities worldwide. Whether or not we choose to believe the hype – there is little doubt that this is an experiment that needs unpicking, understanding, and learning from. Austin Williams, The Architectural Review's China correspondent, explores the progress and perils of China's vast eco-city program, describing the complexities which emerge in the race to balance the environment with industrialisation, quality with quantity, and the liberty of the individual with the authority of the Chinese state. Lifting the lid on the economic and social realities of the Chinese blueprint for eco-modernisation, Williams tells the story of China's rise, and reveals the pragmatic, political and economic motives that lurk behind the successes and failures of its eco-cities. Will these new kinds of urban developments be good, humane, healthy places? Can China find a 'third way' in which humanity, nature, economic growth and sustainability are reconciled? And what lessons can we learn for our own vision of the urban future? This is a timely and readable account which explores a range of themes – environmental, political, cultural and architectural – to show how the eco-city program sheds fascinating light on contemporary Chinese society, and provides a lens through which to view the politics of sustainability closer to home.

The Revolutionary City

Download The Revolutionary City PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691224757
Total Pages : 592 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Revolutionary City by : Mark R. Beissinger

Download or read book The Revolutionary City written by Mark R. Beissinger and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2022-04-12 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How and why cities have become the predominant sites for revolutionary upheavals in the contemporary world Examining the changing character of revolution around the world, The Revolutionary City focuses on the impact that the concentration of people, power, and wealth in cities exercises on revolutionary processes and outcomes. Once predominantly an urban and armed affair, revolutions in the twentieth century migrated to the countryside, as revolutionaries searched for safety from government repression and discovered the peasantry as a revolutionary force. But at the end of the twentieth century, as urban centers grew, revolution returned to the city—accompanied by a new urban civic repertoire espousing the containment of predatory government and relying on visibility and the power of numbers rather than arms. Using original data on revolutionary episodes since 1900, public opinion surveys, and engaging examples from around the world, Mark Beissinger explores the causes and consequences of the urbanization of revolution in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Beissinger examines the compact nature of urban revolutions, as well as their rampant information problems and heightened uncertainty. He investigates the struggle for control over public space, why revolutionary contention has grown more pacified over time, and how revolutions involving the rapid assembly of hundreds of thousands in central urban spaces lead to diverse, ad hoc coalitions that have difficulty producing substantive change. The Revolutionary City provides a new understanding of how revolutions happen and what they might look like in the future.

Revolution Detroit

Download Revolution Detroit PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Wayne State University Press
ISBN 13 : 0814338577
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (143 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Revolution Detroit by : John Gallagher

Download or read book Revolution Detroit written by John Gallagher and published by Wayne State University Press. This book was released on 2013-03-15 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After decades of suburban sprawl, job loss, and lack of regional government, Detroit has become a symbol of post-industrial distress and also one of the most complex urban environments in the world. In Revolution Detroit: Strategies for Urban Reinvention, John Gallagher argues that Detroit's experience can offer valuable lessons to other cities that are, or will soon be, dealing with the same broken municipal model. A follow-up to his award-winning 2010 work, Reimagining Detroit, this volume looks at Detroit's successes and failures in confronting its considerable challenges. It also looks at other ideas for reinvention drawn from the recent history of other cities, including Cleveland, Flint, Richmond, Philadelphia, and Youngstown, as well as overseas cities, including Manchester and Leipzig. This book surveys four key areas: governance, education and crime, economic models, and the repurposing of vacant urban land. Among the topics Gallagher covers are effective new urban governance models developed in Cleveland and Detroit; new education models highlighting low-income-but-high-achievement schools and districts; creative new entrepreneurial business models emerging in Detroit and other post-industrial cities; and examples of successful repurposing of vacant urban land through urban agriculture, restoration of natural landscapes, and the use of art in public places. He concludes with a cautious yet hopeful message that Detroit may prove to be the world's most important venue for successful urban experimentation and that the reinvention portrayed in the book can be repeated in many cities. Gallagher's extensive traveling and research, along with his long career covering urban redevelopment for the Detroit Free Press, has given him an unmatched perspective on Detroit's story. Readers interested in urban studies and recent Detroit history will appreciate this thoughtful assessment of the best practices and obvious errors when it comes to reinventing our cities.

The Concrete Dragon

Download The Concrete Dragon PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Chronicle Books
ISBN 13 : 1568989482
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (689 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Concrete Dragon by : Thomas J. Campanella

Download or read book The Concrete Dragon written by Thomas J. Campanella and published by Chronicle Books. This book was released on 2012-03-20 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China is the most rapidly urbanizing nation in the world, with an urban population that may well reach one billion within a generation. Over the past 25 years, surging economic growth has propelled a construction boom unlike anything the world has ever seen, radically transforming both city and countryside in its wake. The speed and scale of China's urban revolution challenges nearly all our expectations about architecture, urbanism and city planning. China's ambition to be a major player on the global stage is written on the skylines of every major city. This is a nation on the rise, and it is building for the record books. China is now home to some of the world's tallest skyscrapers and biggest shopping malls; the longest bridges and largest airport; the most expansive theme parks and gated communities and even the world's largest skateboard park. And by 2020 China's national network of expressways will exceed in length even the American interstate highway system. China's construction industry, employing a workforce equal to the population of California, has been erecting billions of square feet of housing and office space every year. But such extensive development has also meant demolition on a scale unprecedented in the peacetime history of the world. Nearly all of Beijing's centuries-old cityscape has been bulldozed in recent years, and redevelopment in Shanghai has displaced more families than 30 years of urban renewal in the United States. China's cities are also rapidly sprawling across the landscape, churning precious farmland into a landscape of superblock housing estates and single-family subdivisions laced with highways and big-box malls. In a mere generation, China's cities have undergone a metamorphosis that took 150 years to complete in the United States. The Concrete Dragon: China's Urban Revolution and What it Means for the World sheds light on this extraordinary chapter in world urban history. The book surveys the driving forces behind the great Chinese building boom, traces the historical precedents and global flows of ideas and information that are fusing to create a bold new Chinese cityscape, and considers the social and environmental impacts of China's urban future. The Concrete Dragon provides a critical overview of contemporary Chinese urbanization in light of both China's past as well as earlier episodes of rapid urban development elsewhere in the world--especially that of the United States, a nation that itself once set global records for the speed and scale of its urban ambitions.

Urban World History

Download Urban World History PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030248429
Total Pages : 463 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Urban World History by : Luc-Normand Tellier

Download or read book Urban World History written by Luc-Normand Tellier and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-14 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book seeks to deepen readers’ understanding of world history by investigating urbanization and the evolution of urban systems, as well as the urban world, from the perspective of historical analysis. The theoretical framework of the approach stems directly from space-economy, and, more generally, from location theory and the theory of urban systems. The author explores a certain logic to be found in world history, and argues that this logic is spatial (in terms of spatial inertia, spatial trends, attractive and repulsive forces, vector fields, etc.) rather than geographical (in terms of climate, precipitation, hydrography). Accordingly, the book puts forward a truly original vision of urban world history, one that will benefit economists, historians, regional scientists, and anyone with a healthy curiosity.

Detroit: I Do Mind Dying

Download Detroit: I Do Mind Dying PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Haymarket Books
ISBN 13 : 1642598526
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (425 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Detroit: I Do Mind Dying by : Marvin Surkin

Download or read book Detroit: I Do Mind Dying written by Marvin Surkin and published by Haymarket Books. This book was released on 2022-02-17 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detroit: I Do Mind Dying tracks the extraordinary development of the Dodge Revolutionary Union Movement and the League of Revolutionary Black Workers as they became two of the landmark political organizations of the 1960s and 1970s. It is widely heralded as one the most important books on the black liberation movement. Marvin Surkin received his PhD in political science from New York University and is a specialist in comparative urban politics and social change. He worked at the center of the League of Revolutionary Black Workers in Detroit. Dan Georgakas is a writer, historian, and activist with a long-time interest in social movements. He is the author of My Detroit, Growing up Greek and American in Motor City.

Africa's Urban Revolution

Download Africa's Urban Revolution PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Zed Books Ltd.
ISBN 13 : 1780325231
Total Pages : 331 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (83 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Africa's Urban Revolution by : Doctor Edgar Pieterse

Download or read book Africa's Urban Revolution written by Doctor Edgar Pieterse and published by Zed Books Ltd.. This book was released on 2014-01-09 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The facts of Africa’s rapid urbanisation are startling. By 2030 African cities will have grown by more than 350 million people and over half the continent's population will be urban. Yet in the minds of policy makers, scholars and much of the general public, Africa remains a quintessentially rural place. This lack of awareness and robust analysis means it is difficult to make a policy case for a more overtly urban agenda. As a result, there is across the continent insufficient urgency directed to responding to the challenges and opportunities associated with the world’s last major wave of urbanisation. Drawing on the expertise of scholars and practitioners associated with the African Centre for Cities, and utilising a diverse array of case studies, Africa's Urban Revolution provides a comprehensive insight into the key issues - demographic, cultural, political, technical, environmental and economic - surrounding African urbanisation.

The Metropolitan Revolution

Download The Metropolitan Revolution PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231510934
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Metropolitan Revolution by : Jon C. Teaford

Download or read book The Metropolitan Revolution written by Jon C. Teaford and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2006-05-16 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this absorbing history, Jon C. Teaford traces the dramatic evolution of American metropolitan life. At the end of World War II, the cities of the Northeast and the Midwest were bustling, racially and economically integrated areas frequented by suburban and urban dwellers alike. Yet since 1945, these cities have become peripheral to the lives of most Americans. "Edge cities" are now the dominant centers of production and consumption in post-suburban America. Characterized by sprawling freeways, corporate parks, and homogeneous malls and shopping centers, edge cities have transformed the urban landscape of the United States. Teaford surveys metropolitan areas from the Rust Belt to the Sun Belt and the way in which postwar social, racial, and cultural shifts contributed to the decline of the central city as a hub of work, shopping, transportation, and entertainment. He analyzes the effects of urban flight in the 1950s and 1960s, the subsequent growth of the suburbs, and the impact of financial crises and racial tensions. He then brings the discussion into the present by showing how the recent wave of immigration from Latin America and Asia has further altered metropolitan life and complicated the black-white divide. Engaging in original research and interpretation, Teaford tells the story of this fascinating metamorphosis.

History of Urban Form Before the Industrial Revolution

Download History of Urban Form Before the Industrial Revolution PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317885139
Total Pages : 1345 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (178 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis History of Urban Form Before the Industrial Revolution by : A.E.J. Morris

Download or read book History of Urban Form Before the Industrial Revolution written by A.E.J. Morris and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-12-02 with total page 1345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an international history of urban development, from its origins to the industrial revolution. This well established book maintains the high standard of information found in the previous two editions, describing the physical results of some 5000 years of urban activity. It explains and develops the concept of 'unplanned' cities that grow organically, in contrast with 'planned' cities that were shaped in response to urban form determinants. Spread throughout the texts are copious illustrations from a wealth of sources, including cartographic urban records, aerial and other photographs, original drawings and the author's numerous analytical line drawings.

The Metropolitan Revolution

Download The Metropolitan Revolution PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 0815721528
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Metropolitan Revolution by : Bruce Katz

Download or read book The Metropolitan Revolution written by Bruce Katz and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2013-06-19 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Across the US, cities and metropolitan areas are facing huge economic and competitive challenges that Washington won't, or can't, solve. The good news is that networks of metropolitan leaders – mayors, business and labor leaders, educators, and philanthropists – are stepping up and powering the nation forward. These state and local leaders are doing the hard work to grow more jobs and make their communities more prosperous, and they're investing in infrastructure, making manufacturing a priority, and equipping workers with the skills they need. In The Metropolitan Revolution, Bruce Katz and Jennifer Bradley highlight success stories and the people behind them. · New York City: Efforts are under way to diversify the city's vast economy · Portland: Is selling the "sustainability" solutions it has perfected to other cities around the world · Northeast Ohio: Groups are using industrial-age skills to invent new twenty-first-century materials, tools, and processes · Houston: Modern settlement house helps immigrants climb the employment ladder · Miami: Innovators are forging strong ties with Brazil and other nations · Denver and Los Angeles: Leaders are breaking political barriers and building world-class metropolises · Boston and Detroit: Innovation districts are hatching ideas to power these economies for the next century The lessons in this book can help other cities meet their challenges. Change is happening, and every community in the country can benefit. Change happens where we live, and if leaders won't do it, citizens should demand it. The Metropolitan Revolution was the 2013 Foreword Reviews Bronze winner for Political Science.

The Politics of the Encounter

Download The Politics of the Encounter PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Georgia Press
ISBN 13 : 0820345814
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (23 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Politics of the Encounter by : Andy Merrifield

Download or read book The Politics of the Encounter written by Andy Merrifield and published by University of Georgia Press. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Politics of the Encounter is a spirited interrogation of the city as a site of both theoretical inquiry and global social struggle. The city, writes Andy Merrifield, remains "important, virtually and materially, for progressive politics." And yet, he notes, more than forty years have passed since Henri Lefebvre advanced the powerful ideas that still undergird much of our thinking about urbanization and urban society. Merrifield rethinks the city in light of the vast changes to our planet since 1970, when Lefebvre's seminal Urban Revolution was first published. At the same time, he expands on Lefebvre's notion of "the right to the city," which was first conceived in the wake of the 1968 student uprising in Paris. We need to think less of cities as "entities with borders and clear demarcations between what's inside and what's outside" and emphasize instead the effects of "planetary urbanization," a concept of Lefebvre's that Merrifield makes relevant for the ways we now experience the urban. The city—from Tahrir Square to Occupy Wall Street—seems to be the critical zone in which a new social protest is unfolding, yet dissenters' aspirations are transcending the scale of the city physically and philosophically. Consequently, we must shift our perspective from "the right to the city" to "the politics of the encounter," says Merrifield. We must ask how revolutionary crowds form, where they draw their energies from, what kind of spaces they occur in—and what kind of new spaces they produce.