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The Tug Of War Between Presidents And Prime Ministers
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Book Synopsis The Tug-of-War Between Presidents and Prime Ministers by : Thomas Sedelius
Download or read book The Tug-of-War Between Presidents and Prime Ministers written by Thomas Sedelius and published by VDM Publishing. This book was released on 2008 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the fall of the Soviet Union, authoritarian presidents have dominated politics in many post-Soviet countries. However, while strong-man rule seems to prevail, e.g. in Central Asia, Russia, and Belarus, recent popular upheavals in Ukraine, Georgia, and Kyrgyzstan, suggest that authoritarian presidentialism may not go unchallenged. Presidential power and constitutional prerogatives are essential components in this struggle between authoritarianism and democratisation. This book deals with institutional conflict in two forms of semi-presidentialism (premier-presidential and president-parliamentary systems) adopted among the majority of the post-communist countries in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet republics. The study concluds that premier-presidential systems have great governance potential provided that the party systems develop and consolidate. Regarding the president-parliamentary systems, however, the results are less encouraging. It is even argued in the thesis that the adoption of this system remains as one of the obstacles for democratic reforms in many post-Soviet states.
Book Synopsis The Tug of War Between Presidents and Prime Ministers by : Thomas Sedelius
Download or read book The Tug of War Between Presidents and Prime Ministers written by Thomas Sedelius and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Presidents, Monarchs, and Prime Ministers by : Carsten Anckar
Download or read book Presidents, Monarchs, and Prime Ministers written by Carsten Anckar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-29 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last three decades, there has been a growing interest in systems that combine elements of parliamentarism and presidentialism. Despite the fact that much attention has been directed towards the semi-presidential form of government in particular, it is evident that many aspects of regime forms remain unexplored. This book systematically categorises democratic political regimes with a separate head of state and government (including regimes with a monarch and prime minister, and president and PM) globally and over a long historical period 1850–2019. It analyses how regimes with a dual executive emerge and what trajectories they follow. It also explores the stability of these regimes across time and space. An important feature of this endeavour is to address actual powers of the head of state rather than constitutional provisions.
Book Synopsis Presidents, Parties, and Prime Ministers by : David J. Samuels
Download or read book Presidents, Parties, and Prime Ministers written by David J. Samuels and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-05-17 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a framework for analyzing the impact of the separation of powers on party politics. Conventional political science wisdom assumes that democracy is impossible without political parties, because parties fulfil all the key functions of democratic governance. They nominate candidates, coordinate campaigns, aggregate interests, formulate and implement policy, and manage government power. When scholars first asserted the essential connection between parties and democracy, most of the world's democracies were parliamentary. Yet by the dawn of the twenty-first century, most democracies had directly elected presidents. David J. Samuels and Matthew S. Shugart provide a theoretical framework for analyzing variation in the relationships among presidents, parties, and prime ministers across the world's democracies, revealing the important ways that the separation of powers alters party organization and behavior - thereby changing the nature of democratic representation and accountability.
Book Synopsis Presidents and Prime Ministers by : Patricia Lee Sykes
Download or read book Presidents and Prime Ministers written by Patricia Lee Sykes and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: She reveals how conviction-style politicians have appeared in the U.S. and U.K. at the same time: individuals who articulated similar ideas that adapted liberal ideology to shifting circumstances and who achieved fundamental change at critical moments in their nations' histories.".
Book Synopsis Caught in the Crossfire by : Naseem Akhtar Khan
Download or read book Caught in the Crossfire written by Naseem Akhtar Khan and published by Pen and Sword Military. This book was released on 2024-09-30 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A memoir challenging false international narrative about Pakistan, offering insights from four decades of counterintelligence experience. The author believes that all international strategic manoeuvrings in the region, mostly rely on information that is entirely fabricated and portrayed by Pakistan’s adversaries to harm its national interests. In his opinion, knowing a realistic picture of Pakistan and the Pakistan army in its true perspective, is important not only for people inside the country but also for the international community, so that they may pursue their relationships and cooperation in the region based on ground realities. Considering his personal experiences in security and counterintelligence operations during last four decades, he thought of writing this book. He believes that his narrative provides a virtuous material for analysts to ponder history through an authentic premise and predict futuristic security scenarios based on a realistic perspective. To present his arguments with facts and figures, in a cohesive manner, the author has presented the narrative in shape of a memoir of his lifelong experiences in a cohesive manner, taking full measure of the individuals, institutions and organizations that made a strong impression on his life. During the process, an effort has been made to take the readers along the same curve he followed so that they can clearly grasp the dynamics that drives the life of a Pakistani soldier.
Book Synopsis Presidents with Prime Ministers by : Margit Tavits
Download or read book Presidents with Prime Ministers written by Margit Tavits and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about presidents in parliamentary systems. One commonly recurring political debate within parliamentary systems is over whether or not the public should directly elect the head of state. Despite the importance of this topic in practical politics, political scientists have offered little empirical evidence, yet made bold assumptions about the consequences of popular elections for heads of state. A common argument is that direct elections enhance presidents' legitimacythereby increasing their activism and encouraging authoritarian tendencies. Another popular assumption is that direct presidential elections are more heavily contested and partisan, polarizing and dividing political elites and the electorate. Proponents of direct elections argue that such electionswill help decrease voter alienation and apathy. This book challenges the conventional wisdom. Using both quantitative and qualitative empirical evidence from democratic systems across the world, this book demonstrates that compared to indirect selection methods, direct elections do not yield more active and contentious presidents, do not polarize political elites or society, and do not remedy political apathy. Rather, presidential activism in both "semi-presidential" and "pure parliamentary"systems is shaped by political opportunity framework - the institutional strength and partisan composition of both parliament and government. Further, because holding the presidency provides parties with an electoral asset, direct and indirect presidential elections can be equally contentious andpolarizing. Last, but not least, rather than decreasing apathy, direct election is associated with increased voter fatigue and decreased turnout in parliamentary elections by about seven percentage points.
Book Synopsis Presidential Activism and Veto Power in Central and Eastern Europe by : Philipp Köker
Download or read book Presidential Activism and Veto Power in Central and Eastern Europe written by Philipp Köker and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-20 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the use of presidential powers in Central and East Europe between 1990 and 2010. Focussing on presidential vetoes and the formation of governments, it maps patterns of presidential activism and its determinants across nine democracies. Thereby, it combines the analysis of original quantitative data on the use of presidential powers with in-depth case studies in an innovative mixed-methods framework. Based on regression analyses and unique insights from numerous elite interviews, the study shows strong support for the hitherto insufficiently tested assumption that popularly elected presidents are more active than their indirectly elected counterparts. As one of the first comprehensive comparative studies of presidential activism and veto power in Europe, this book will be a key resource not only for area specialists but also for scholars of presidential studies, comparative government, and executives.
Book Synopsis Semi-Presidentialism by : Robert Elgie
Download or read book Semi-Presidentialism written by Robert Elgie and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-25 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robert Elgie examines the relationship between semi-presidentialism and democratic performance. There are over 50 countries with a semi-presidential constitution. The book shows that the president-parliamentary sub-type is more likely to be associated with a poorer democratic performance than its premier-presidential counterpart.
Download or read book Women of Power written by Torild Skard and published by Policy Press. This book was released on 2015-03-09 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At a time when a woman--Angela Merkel--is arguably the most powerful leader in Europe and another--Hilary Clinton--continues to be at the center of the US political stage, it seems that women have broken through the glass ceiling and begun to populate the highest offices of the political world. Women of Power is a testament to that accomplishment, offering the most comprehensive overview of female presidents and prime ministers to date. Looking at over fifty countries and over seventy women leaders since 1960, Torild Skard--herself an experienced politician--examines how and why these women rose to the top and what their leadership has meant for women's empowerment throughout the latter half of the twentieth century. Skard examines the achievements and life stories of the world's female leaders up to the current era. She offers nuanced portraits that draw on a number of materials, including many interviews that she conducted herself. All of the women discussed are organized by both chronology and geography, and Skard includes a number of helpful chapters that provide an overview and assessment of how different women leaders have come to power in different regions. Overall the book provides a fascinating account of women's empowerment as it has manifested itself at the very top of the political hierarchy.
Book Synopsis The Informal Powers of Western European Presidents by : Selena Grimaldi
Download or read book The Informal Powers of Western European Presidents written by Selena Grimaldi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-14 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book explores how weak presidents directly or indirectly elected can still play a crucial role in the political arena. Weak presidents have been distinguished from strong ones by relying on the evaluation of the powers they display according to the constitution. Six Western European countries are analysed: Germany and Italy which present a consistent constitutional design (as weak presidents are elected indirectly), and Austria, Ireland, Finland and Portugal that present inconsistent constitutional design (as weak presidents are elected directly). In contrast to much of the existing comparative works on presidential powers and activism, the book emphasises the role and the use of informal powers beyond that of formal ones. In particular, a definition and a typology of informal powers are provided as well as an empirical investigation on informal presidential activism. The positive outcome of presidential informal interventions are studied by relying on an interactionist approach which combines presidency-centred as well as president centred-explanations. The book argues that when dealing with informal presidential activism the opportunity structure matters but presidential public support matters even more.
Book Synopsis Accountability and the Law by : Piotr Mikuli
Download or read book Accountability and the Law written by Piotr Mikuli and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-08-12 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses contemporary accountability and transparency mechanisms by presenting a selection of case studies. The authors deal with various problems connected to controlling public institutions and incumbents’ responsibility in state bodies. The work is divided into three parts. Part I: Law examines the institutional and objective approach. Part II: Fairness and Rights considers the subject approach, referring to a recipient of rights. Part III: Authority looks at the functional approach, referring to the executors of law. Providing insights into increasing understanding of various concepts, principles, and institutions characteristic of the modern state, the book makes a valuable contribution to the area of comparative constitutional change. It will be a valuable resource for academics, researchers, and policy-makers working in the areas of constitutional law and politics.
Book Synopsis The Presidentialization of Political Parties by : Gianluca Passarelli
Download or read book The Presidentialization of Political Parties written by Gianluca Passarelli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-18 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains why the level of party presidentialization varies from one country to another. It considers the effects of constitutional structures as well as the party's original features, and argues that the degree of party presidentialization varies as a function of the party's genetics.
Book Synopsis Politics of Energy Dependency by : Margarita M. Balmaceda
Download or read book Politics of Energy Dependency written by Margarita M. Balmaceda and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2014-01-31 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy has been an important element in Moscow’s quest to exert power and influence in its surrounding areas both before and after the collapse of the USSR. With their political independence in 1991, Ukraine, Belarus, and Lithuania also became, virtually overnight, separate energy-poor entities heavily dependent on Russia. This increasingly costly dependency – and elites’ scrambling over associated profits – came to crucially affect not only relations with Russia, but the very nature of post-independence state building. The Politics of Energy Dependency explores why these states were unable to move towards energy diversification. Through extensive field research using previously untapped local-language sources, Margarita M. Balmaceda reveals a complex picture of local elites dealing with the complications of energy dependency and, in the process, affecting the energy security of Europe as a whole. A must-read for anyone interested in Eastern Europe, Russia, and the politics of natural resources, this book reveals the insights gained by looking at post-Soviet development and international relations issues not only from a Moscow-centered perspective, but from that of individual actors in other states.
Book Synopsis Presidential Government in Gaullist France by : William G. Andrews
Download or read book Presidential Government in Gaullist France written by William G. Andrews and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1983-06-01 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Presidential Government in Gaullist France, William G. Andrews describes and explains the basic character of executive-legislative relations in Gaullist France from 1958 to 1974. He demonstrates that the Fifth Republic became presidential despite its parliamentary constitution because of changes made by DeGaulle that were compatible with the emergent character of French society. The information is provided in a conceptual framework that gives it greater coherence, explanatory value, and significance. Andrews relates differences in the nature of institutions, of societies, and of political problems to types of power relationships that exist between the legislative and executive branches of government. In order to achieve an objective appraisal of the controversial leader, Andrews fits DeGaulle's constitutional efforts into a broader understanding of the relationships among great leaders, texts, societies, and institutions. The book enhances our understanding of the operation of the Fifth Republic and of French government in general.
Book Synopsis Semi-Presidential Policy-Making in Europe by : Tapio Raunio
Download or read book Semi-Presidential Policy-Making in Europe written by Tapio Raunio and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-17 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores how power-sharing between the president and the prime minister works in semi-presidential regimes. In contrast to much of the existing comparative work on semi-presidentialism, the book emphasizes the role of institutional coordination at the most concrete level of executive policy-making, and asks how institutional coordination between the president and prime minister influences presidential activism and the balance of power within the executive. The authors develop a tentative framework embedded in institutionalism and based on four strands of research – semi-presidentialism, public administration, political leadership, and foreign policy analysis – which is subsequently applied to the cases of Lithuania, Romania and Finland. Given the political challenges facing many semi-presidential countries, the study ultimately seeks to identify institutional solutions that facilitate power-sharing and successful policy-making.
Download or read book Government written by Donald J. Savoie and published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. This book was released on 2022-05-22 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Citizens have lost trust in their institutions of public governance. In trying to fix the problem, presidents and prime ministers have misdiagnosed the patient, failing to recognize that government bureaucracies are inseparable from political institutions. As a result, career officials have become adroit at managing the blame game but much less so at embracing change. Donald Savoie looks to the United States, Great Britain, France, and Canada to assess two of the most important challenges confronting governments throughout the Western world: the concentration of political power and the changing role of government bureaucracy. The four countries have distinct institutions shaped by distinct histories, but what they have in common is a professional non-partisan civil service. When presidents and prime ministers decide to expand their personal authority, national institutions must adjust while bureaucracies grow to fill the gap, paradoxically further constricting government efficacy. The side effects are universal – political power is increasingly centralized; Parliament, Congress, and the National Assembly have been weakened; Cabinet has lost standing; political parties have been debased; and civil services have been knocked off their moorings. Reduced responsibility and increased transparency make civil servants slow to take risks and politicians quick to point fingers. Government astutely diagnoses the problem of declining trust in government: presidents and prime ministers have failed to see that efficacy in government is tied to well-performing institutions.
