The Transformation Of Criminal Justice

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The Transformation of Criminal Justice

Author : Allen Steinberg
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN 13 : 0807864757
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis The Transformation of Criminal Justice by : Allen Steinberg

Download or read book The Transformation of Criminal Justice written by Allen Steinberg and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2000-11-09 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Allen Steinberg brings to life the court-centered criminal justice system of nineteenth-century Philadelphia, chronicles its eclipse, and contrasts it to the system -- dominated by the police and public prosecutor -- that replaced it. He offers a major reinterpretation of criminal justice in nineteenth-century America by examining this transformation from private to state prosecution and analyzing the discontinuity between the two systems. Steinberg first establishes why the courts were the sources of law enforcement, authority, and criminal justice before the advent of the police. He shows how the city's system of private prosecution worked, adapted to massive social change, and came to dominate the culture of criminal justice even during the first decades following the introduction of the police. He then considers the dilemmas that prompted reform, beginning with the establishment of a professional police force and culminating in the restructuring of primary justice. Making extensive use of court dockets, state and municipal government publications, public speeches, personal memoirs, newspapers, and other contemporary records, Steinberg explains the intimate connections between private prosecution, the everyday lives of ordinary people, and the conduct of urban politics. He ties the history of Philadelphia's criminal courts closely to related developments in the city's social and political evolution, making a contribution not only to the study of criminal justice but also to the larger literature on urban, social, and legal history. Originally published in 1989. A UNC Press Enduring Edition -- UNC Press Enduring Editions use the latest in digital technology to make available again books from our distinguished backlist that were previously out of print. These editions are published unaltered from the original, and are presented in affordable paperback formats, bringing readers both historical and cultural value.

Juries and the Transformation of Criminal Justice in France in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries

Author : James M. Donovan
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN 13 : 0807895776
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Juries and the Transformation of Criminal Justice in France in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries by : James M. Donovan

Download or read book Juries and the Transformation of Criminal Justice in France in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries written by James M. Donovan and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2010-02-01 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: James Donovan takes a comprehensive approach to the history of the jury in modern France by investigating the legal, political, sociocultural, and intellectual aspects of jury trial from the Revolution through the twentieth century. He demonstrates that these juries, through their decisions, helped shape reform of the nation's criminal justice system. From their introduction in 1791 as an expression of the sovereignty of the people through the early 1900s, argues Donovan, juries often acted against the wishes of the political and judicial authorities, despite repeated governmental attempts to manipulate their composition. High acquittal rates for both political and nonpolitical crimes were in part due to juror resistance to the harsh and rigid punishments imposed by the Napoleonic Penal Code, Donovan explains. In response, legislators gradually enacted laws to lower penalties for certain crimes and to give jurors legal means to offer nuanced verdicts and to ameliorate punishments. Faced with persistently high acquittal rates, however, governments eventually took powers away from juries by withdrawing many cases from their purview and ultimately destroying the panels' independence in 1941.

The Machinery of Criminal Justice

Author : Stephanos Bibas
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195374681
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis The Machinery of Criminal Justice by : Stephanos Bibas

Download or read book The Machinery of Criminal Justice written by Stephanos Bibas and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-26 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Machinery of Criminal Justice explores the transformation of the criminal justice system and considers how criminal justice could better accommodate lay participation, values, and relationships.

Gideon's Promise

Author : Jonathan Rapping
Publisher : Beacon Press
ISBN 13 : 0807064629
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Gideon's Promise by : Jonathan Rapping

Download or read book Gideon's Promise written by Jonathan Rapping and published by Beacon Press. This book was released on 2020-08-18 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A blueprint for criminal justice reform that lays the foundation for how model public defense programs should work to end mass incarceration. Combining wisdom drawn from over a dozen years as a public defender and cutting-edge research in the fields of organizational and cultural psychology, Jonathan Rapping proposes a radical cultural shift to a “fiercely client-based ethos” driven by values-based recruitment training, awakening defenders to their role in upholding an unjust status quo, and a renewed pride in the essential role of moral lawyering in a democratic society. Public defenders represent over 80% of those who interact with the court system, a disproportionate number of whom are poor, non-white citizens who rely on them to navigate the law on their behalf. More often than not, even the most well-meaning of those defenders are over-worked, under-funded, and incentivized to put the interests of judges and politicians above those of their clients in a culture that beats the passion out of talented, driven advocates, and has led to an embarrassingly low standard of justice for those who depend on the promises of Gideon v. Wainwright. However, rather than arguing for a change in rules that govern the actions of lawyers, judges, and other advocates, Rapping proposes a radical cultural shift to a “fiercely client-based ethos” driven by values-based recruitment and training, awakening defenders to their role in upholding an unjust status quo, and a renewed pride in the essential role of moral lawyering in a democratic society. Through the story of founding Gideon’s Promise and anecdotes of his time as a defender and teacher, Rapping reanimates the possibility of public defenders serving as a radical bulwark against government oppression and a megaphone to amplify the voices of those they serve.

The New Criminal Justice Thinking

Author : Sharon Dolovich
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 1479831549
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (798 download)

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Book Synopsis The New Criminal Justice Thinking by : Sharon Dolovich

Download or read book The New Criminal Justice Thinking written by Sharon Dolovich and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2017-03-28 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A vital collection for reforming criminal justice After five decades of punitive expansion, the entire U.S. criminal justice system— mass incarceration, the War on Drugs, police practices, the treatment of juveniles and the mentally ill, glaring racial disparity, the death penalty and more — faces challenging questions. What exactly is criminal justice? How much of it is a system of law and how much is a collection of situational social practices? What roles do the Constitution and the Supreme Court play? How do race and gender shape outcomes? How does change happen, and what changes or adaptations should be pursued? The New Criminal Justice Thinking addresses the challenges of this historic moment by asking essential theoretical and practical questions about how the criminal system operates. In this thorough and thoughtful volume, scholars from across the disciplines of legal theory, sociology, criminology, Critical Race Theory, and organizational theory offer crucial insights into how the criminal system works in both theory and practice. By engaging both classic issues and new understandings, this volume offers a comprehensive framework for thinking about the modern justice system. For those interested in criminal law and justice, The New Criminal Justice Thinking offers a profound discussion of the complexities of our deeply flawed criminal justice system, complexities that neither legal theory nor social science can answer alone.

Criminal (in)Justice

Author : Rafael A. Mangual
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781546001522
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Criminal (in)Justice by : Rafael A. Mangual

Download or read book Criminal (in)Justice written by Rafael A. Mangual and published by . This book was released on 2023-07-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In his impassioned-yet-measured book, Rafael A. Mangual offers an incisive critique of America's increasingly radical criminal justice reform movement, and makes a convincing case against the pursuit of "justice" through mass-decarceration and depolicing. After a summer of violent protests in 2020--sparked by the deaths of George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, and Rayshard Brooks--a dangerously false narrative gained mainstream acceptance: Criminal justice in the United States is overly punitive and racially oppressive. But, the harshest and loudest condemnations of incarceration, policing, and prosecution are often shallow and at odds with the available data. And the significant harms caused by this false narrative are borne by those who can least afford them: black and brown people who are disproportionately the victims of serious crimes. In Criminal (In)Justice, Rafael A. Mangual offers a more balanced understanding of American criminal justice, and cautions against discarding traditional crime control measures. A powerful combination of research, data-driven policy journalism, and the author's lived experiences, this book explains what many reform advocates get wrong, and illustrates how the misguided commitment to leniency places America's most vulnerable communities at risk. The stakes of this moment are incredibly high. Ongoing debates over criminal justice reform have the potential to transform our society for a generation--for better or for worse. Grappling with the data--and the sometimes harsh realities they reflect--is the surest way to minimize the all-too-common injustices plaguing neighborhoods that can least afford them.

Smart Decarceration

Author : Matthew Epperson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190653094
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Smart Decarceration by : Matthew Epperson

Download or read book Smart Decarceration written by Matthew Epperson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Smart Decarceration is a forward-thinking, practical volume that provides innovative concepts and concrete strategies for ushering in an era of decarceration-a proactive and effective undoing of the era of mass incarceration. The text grapples with tough questions and takes up the challenge of transforming America's approach to criminal justice in the 21st century. The primary purpose of this book is to inform both academic and public understanding-to place the challenge of smart decarceration at the center of the current national discourse, taking into account the realities of the current sociopolitical context-and to propose beginning action steps. This is achieved by first outlining and addressing questions such as: What if incarceration were not an option for most?; Whose voices are essential in this era of decarceration?; What is the state of evidence for solutions?; How do we generate and adopt empirically driven reforms?; How do we redifine and rethink justice in the United States? Smart Decarceration offers a way forward in building a field of decarceration through provocative but reasoned challenges to existing approaches to criminal justice reforms, lively focus on potential solutions, and action steps for meaningful change. Book jacket.

The Transformation of Human Rights Fact-finding

Author : Philip Alston
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190239492
Total Pages : 577 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis The Transformation of Human Rights Fact-finding by : Philip Alston

Download or read book The Transformation of Human Rights Fact-finding written by Philip Alston and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work offers a multidisciplinary approach to the study of fact-finding, including rigorous and critical analysis of the field of practice, as well as providing a range of accounts of what actually happens. It deepens the study and practice of human rights investigations, and fosters fact-finding as a discretely studied topic, while mapping crucial transformations in the field.

Start Here

Author : Greg Berman
Publisher : The New Press
ISBN 13 : 1620972247
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis Start Here by : Greg Berman

Download or read book Start Here written by Greg Berman and published by The New Press. This book was released on 2018-03-06 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As heard on NPR's Fresh Air Recommended by The New York Times' Sam Roberts “Start Here is an urgent and timely primer on the approaches that are working and don’t require federal approval or political revolution to end one of the most pressing justice issues the country faces today.” —Brooklyn Daily Eagle A bold agenda for criminal justice reform based on equal parts pragmatism and idealism, from the visionary director of the Center for Court Innovation, a leader of the reform movement Everyone knows that the United States leads the world in incarceration, and that our political process is gridlocked. What can be done right now to reduce the number of people sent to jail and prison? This essential book offers a concrete roadmap for both professionals and general readers who want to move from analysis to action. In this forward-looking, next-generation criminal justice reform book, Greg Berman and Julian Adler of the Center for Court Innovation highlight the key lessons from these programs—engaging the public in preventing crime, treating all defendants with dignity and respect, and linking people to effective community-based interventions rather than locking them up. Along the way, they tell a series of gripping stories, highlighting gang members who have gotten their lives back on track, judges who are transforming their courtrooms, and reformers around the country who are rethinking what justice looks like. While Start Here offers no silver bullets, it does put forth a suite of proven reforms—from alternatives to bail to diversion programs for mentally ill defendants—that will improve the lives of thousands of people right now. Start Here is a must-read for everyone who wants to start dismantling mass incarceration without waiting for a revolution or permission. Proceeds from the book will support the Center for Court Innovation's reform efforts.

Cybercrime

Author : David Wall
Publisher : Polity
ISBN 13 : 0745627366
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (456 download)

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Book Synopsis Cybercrime by : David Wall

Download or read book Cybercrime written by David Wall and published by Polity. This book was released on 2007-09-17 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Looking at the full range of cybercrime, and computer security he shows how the increase in personal computing power available within a globalized communications network has affected the nature of and response to criminal activities. We have now entered the world of low impact, multiple victim crimes in which bank robbers, for example, no longer have to meticulously plan the theft of millions of dollars. New technological capabilities at their disposal now mean that one person can effectively commit millions of robberies of one dollar each. Against this background, David Wall scrutinizes the regulatory challenges that cybercrime poses for the criminal (and civil) justice processes, at both the national and the international levels. Book jacket.

The International Criminal Court and the Transformation of International Law

Author : Leila Nadya Sadat
Publisher : International and Comparative
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 592 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The International Criminal Court and the Transformation of International Law by : Leila Nadya Sadat

Download or read book The International Criminal Court and the Transformation of International Law written by Leila Nadya Sadat and published by International and Comparative. This book was released on 2002 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Professor Sadat's book is a valuable "restatement" of international criminal law, discovering and delineating the process that led the United Nations from Nuremberg to the Rome Statute of an International Criminal Court. "With the establishment of the International Criminal Court we enter an exciting era in the development of internatonal criminal law. This well written and thoroughly researched work provides a comprehensive and insightful analysis and critique of the Rome Statute and the impact of prosecuting war criminals" -- Justice Richard Goldstone Published under the Transnational Publishers imprint.

Sunbelt Justice

Author : Mona Lynch
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0804772479
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Sunbelt Justice by : Mona Lynch

Download or read book Sunbelt Justice written by Mona Lynch and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2009-09-04 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late 20th century, the United States experienced an incarceration explosion. Over the course of twenty years, the imprisonment rate quadrupled, and today more than than 1.5 million people are held in state and federal prisons. Arizona's Department of Corrections came of age just as this shift toward prison warehousing began, and soon led the pack in using punitive incarceration in response to crime. Sunbelt Justice looks at the development of Arizona's punishment politics, policies, and practices, and brings to light just how and why we have become a mass incarceration nation.

Transforming International Criminal Justice

Author : Mark J. Findlay
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1317436695
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis Transforming International Criminal Justice by : Mark J. Findlay

Download or read book Transforming International Criminal Justice written by Mark J. Findlay and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2005-06 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sets out an agenda to transform international criminal trials and the delivery of international criminal justice to victim communities through collaboration of currently competing paradigms. It reflects a transformation of thinking about the comparative analysis of the trial process, and seeks to advance the boundaries of international criminal justice through wider access and inclusivity in an environment of rights protection.Collaborative justice is advanced as providing the future context of international criminal trials. The book's radical dimension is its argument for the harmonization of restorative and retributive justice within the international criminal trial. The focus is initially on the trial process, a key symbol of developing international styles of justice. It examines theoretical models and political applications of criminal justice through detailed empirical analysis, in order to explore the underlying relationship of theory and empirical study, applying the outcome in theory testing and policy evaluation in several different jurisdictions. The book injects a significant comparative dimension into the study of international criminal justice.This is achieved through searching the traditional foundations of internationalism in justice by employing an original methodology to enable a multi-dimensional exploration of contexts (local, regional and global), so recognising the importance of difference within an agenda suggesting synthesis.The book argues for a concept of international trial within a 'rights paradigm', understood against different procedural traditions and practices, and provides a detailed description of trials and trial decision-making in various jurisdictions. Transforming International Criminal Justice also sets out to develop effective research strategies as part of its interrogation of specific trial narratives and meanings in contemporary legal cultures. Key themes are those of internationalisation, fair trial and the exercise of discretion in justice resolutions (sentencing in particular), and the lay/professional relationship and its dynamics. Finally, the book provides a searching critique of the relevance of existing criminology and legal sociology in relation to international criminal justice, and speculates on trial transformation and the merger of retributive and restorative international criminal justice. comparative analysis of the criminal trial process internationallyargues for harmonization of retributive and restorative justice within the international criminal trialsets out an agenda to transform international criminal trials and the delivery of international criminal justice to victim communities

The Evolution of the Juvenile Court

Author : Barry C. Feld
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 147987129X
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (798 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of the Juvenile Court by : Barry C. Feld

Download or read book The Evolution of the Juvenile Court written by Barry C. Feld and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2019-06-01 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major statement on the juvenile justice system by one of America’s leading experts The juvenile court lies at the intersection of youth policy and crime policy. Its institutional practices reflect our changing ideas about children and crime control. The Evolution of the Juvenile Court provides a sweeping overview of the American juvenile justice system’s development and change over the past century. Noted law professor and criminologist Barry C. Feld places special emphasis on changes over the last 25 years—the ascendance of get tough crime policies and the more recent Supreme Court recognition that “children are different.” Feld’s comprehensive historical analyses trace juvenile courts’ evolution though four periods—the original Progressive Era, the Due Process Revolution in the 1960s, the Get Tough Era of the 1980s and 1990s, and today’s Kids Are Different era. In each period, changes in the economy, cities, families, race and ethnicity, and politics have shaped juvenile courts’ policies and practices. Changes in juvenile courts’ ends and means—substance and procedure—reflect shifting notions of children’s culpability and competence. The Evolution of the Juvenile Court examines how conservative politicians used coded racial appeals to advocate get tough policies that equated children with adults and more recent Supreme Court decisions that draw on developmental psychology and neuroscience research to bolster its conclusions about youths’ reduced criminal responsibility and diminished competence. Feld draws on lessons from the past to envision a new, developmentally appropriate justice system for children. Ultimately, providing justice for children requires structural changes to reduce social and economic inequality—concentrated poverty in segregated urban areas—that disproportionately expose children of color to juvenile courts’ punitive policies. Historical, prescriptive, and analytical, The Evolution of the Juvenile Court evaluates the author’s past recommendations to abolish juvenile courts in light of this new evidence, and concludes that separate, but reformed, juvenile courts are necessary to protect children who commit crimes and facilitate their successful transition to adulthood.

Breaking the Pendulum

Author : Philip Goodman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190676817
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Breaking the Pendulum by : Philip Goodman

Download or read book Breaking the Pendulum written by Philip Goodman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-03-20 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of criminal justice in the U.S. is often described as a pendulum, swinging back and forth between strict punishment and lenient rehabilitation. While this view is common wisdom, it is wrong. In Breaking the Pendulum, Philip Goodman, Joshua Page, and Michelle Phelps systematically debunk the pendulum perspective, showing that it distorts how and why criminal justice changes. The pendulum model blinds us to the blending of penal orientations, policies, and practices, as well as the struggle between actors that shapes laws, institutions, and how we think about crime, punishment, and related issues. Through a re-analysis of more than two hundred years of penal history, starting with the rise of penitentiaries in the 19th Century and ending with ongoing efforts to roll back mass incarceration, the authors offer an alternative approach to conceptualizing penal development. Their agonistic perspective posits that struggle is the motor force of criminal justice history. Punishment expands, contracts, and morphs because of contestation between real people in real contexts, not a mechanical "swing" of the pendulum. This alternative framework is far more accurate and empowering than metaphors that ignore or downplay the importance of struggle in shaping criminal justice. This clearly written, engaging book is an invaluable resource for teachers, students, and scholars seeking to understand the past, present, and future of American criminal justice. By demonstrating the central role of struggle in generating major transformations, Breaking the Pendulum encourages combatants to keep fighting to change the system.

DNA and the Criminal Justice System

Author : David Lazer
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262621861
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (218 download)

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Book Synopsis DNA and the Criminal Justice System by : David Lazer

Download or read book DNA and the Criminal Justice System written by David Lazer and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the impact of DNA technology on issues of ethics, civil liberties, privacy, and security.

From Retribution to Public Safety

Author : William R. Kelly
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1442273895
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis From Retribution to Public Safety by : William R. Kelly

Download or read book From Retribution to Public Safety written by William R. Kelly and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2017-05-25 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past fifty years, American criminal justice policy has had a nearly singular focus – the relentless pursuit of punishment. Punishment is intuitive, proactive, logical, and simple. But the problem is that despite all of the appeal, logic, and common sense, punishment doesn't work. The majority of crimes committed in the United States are by people who have been through the criminal justice system before, many on multiple occasions. There are two issues that are the primary focus of this book. The first is developing a better approach than simple punishment to actually address crime-related circumstances, deficits and disorders, in order to change offender behavior, reduce recidivism, victimization and cost. And the second issue is how do we do a better job of determining who should be diverted and who should be criminally prosecuted. From Retribution to Public Safety develops a strategy for informed decision making regarding criminal prosecution and diversion. The authors develop procedures for panels of clinical experts to provide prosecutors with recommendations about diversion and intervention. This requires a substantial shift in criminal procedure as well as major reform to the public health system, both of which are discussed in detail. Rather than ask how much punishment is necessary the authors look at how we can best reduce recidivism. In doing so they develop a roadmap to fix a fundamentally flawed system that is wasting massive amounts of public resources to not reducing crime or recidivism.