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The Taxation Implicit In Two Tiered Exchange Rate Systems
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Book Synopsis The Taxation Implicit in Two-Tiered Exchange Rate Systems by : Harry Huizinga
Download or read book The Taxation Implicit in Two-Tiered Exchange Rate Systems written by Harry Huizinga and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1996-11-01 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A two-tiered exchange rate system can be interpreted as a set of separate taxes on money and other financial assets. If the official two-tiered exchange rate system coexists with a black market for foreign exchange, then there is implicit taxation of the international goods trade as well. This paper presents some evidence on the tax rates and tax revenues implicit in the exchange rate systems of The Bahamas (from 1978 to 1995), the Dominican Republic (from 1970 to 1984), and South Africa (from 1973 to 1995).
Book Synopsis The Taxation Implicit in Two-tiered Exchange Rate System by : H. Huizinga
Download or read book The Taxation Implicit in Two-tiered Exchange Rate System written by H. Huizinga and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Taxation Implicit in Two-tiered Exchange Rate Systems by : Fonds monétaire international
Download or read book The Taxation Implicit in Two-tiered Exchange Rate Systems written by Fonds monétaire international and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Exchange Rate Unification, the Equilibrium Real Exchange Rate, and Choice of Exchange Rate Regime by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Exchange Rate Unification, the Equilibrium Real Exchange Rate, and Choice of Exchange Rate Regime written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews recent developments in the exchange system in the Islamic Republic of Iran and in the real effective exchange rate (REER). It also considers the determinants of the REER in connection with the choice of exchange regime after unification. The study illustrates how economic policy variables and exogenous shocks affect the real exchange rate primarily through the fiscal balance, and consequently, the savings-investment gap. It further illustrates that the appropriate level of REER and its medium-term path depend upon the mix of monetary, fiscal, and structural policies that underpin the evolution of inflation, balance of payments, and productivity growth.
Book Synopsis Efficiency Costs of Myanmar’s Multiple Exchange Rate Regime by : Masahiro Hori
Download or read book Efficiency Costs of Myanmar’s Multiple Exchange Rate Regime written by Masahiro Hori and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2008-08-01 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Myanmar's multiple exchange rate system creates various economic distortions. This paper describes the exchange rate practices in Myanmar, develops a model of foreign exchange markets, and presents the efficiency costs imposed by quasi-fiscal operation under the current exchange rate regime. The results of our model-based analyses indicate that the equilibrium exchange rate under the unified market could be at around K 400-500 per U.S. dollar, and using the equilibrium exchange rate (instead of the official exchange rate) as the accounting rate increases trade openness to more than 20 percent from less than 1 percent measured by official statistics. The total efficiency loss caused by the current multiple exchange rate regime is estimated at about 14-17 percent of GDP in 2006/07.
Book Synopsis Democracy in Argentina by : Laura Tedesco
Download or read book Democracy in Argentina written by Laura Tedesco and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-23 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a new approach to the democratisation process and economic adjustment in Argentina during the 1980s. The objective of the book is to provid the key to understanding the changes undergone by the state and economy in the 1990s.
Book Synopsis Government Intervention in Agriculture by :
Download or read book Government Intervention in Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :International Monetary Fund. Interdepartmental Working Group on Fund Policy Advice Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :142 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Research Activities of the International Monetary Fund by : International Monetary Fund. Interdepartmental Working Group on Fund Policy Advice
Download or read book Research Activities of the International Monetary Fund written by International Monetary Fund. Interdepartmental Working Group on Fund Policy Advice and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Tax Systems and Tax Reforms in New EU Member States by : Luigi Bernardi
Download or read book Tax Systems and Tax Reforms in New EU Member States written by Luigi Bernardi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-02-03 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building on the work carried out in the 2004 Routledge book, Tax Systems and Tax Reforms in Europe, an international team of contributors now turn their attention to the new EU member states. The book compares conditions in the new and potential EU Member states to those in the long-standing EU countries. Topics covered include: * A Comparative View of Taxation in the EU and in New Members * Tax Policy in EU New Members * Tax Policy in New Members under the Stability Pact * Tax Administration and the Black Economy. As well as investigating countries such as the Czech Republic, Estonia and the Baltics, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia, this outstanding book contains a foreword by Vito Tanzi and will be a valuable resource for postgraduates and professionals in the fields of economics, politics, finance and European studies.
Book Synopsis World Scientific Reference On Asia-pacific Trade Policies (In 2 Volumes) by : Kym Anderson
Download or read book World Scientific Reference On Asia-pacific Trade Policies (In 2 Volumes) written by Kym Anderson and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2019-12-19 with total page 1544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protectionism has been placed under the media spotlight, with news headlines generated by populist anti-globalization movements and Donald Trump's term as US President. Such a policy stance is putting at risk unilateral trade reform efforts in the Asia-Pacific region and elsewhere.This two-volume reference work provides a timely update on how far the region has come in opening markets. It analyzes the motivations or ostensible objectives of policies adopted in the past, the changing extent of the domestic price distortions involved, the economic effects of those policies at home and abroad, the political economy forces at work that brought about those policies and their subsequent reform, their consequences for international trade, economic welfare and poverty alleviation, and prospects for sustainable improvements in current policies. Case studies of major East Asian economies and Australia reveal how government priorities to assist farmers versus manufacturers changed over the past century but especially since the 1980s, and how that has affected trade between natural resource-poor and resource-rich economies.This set is highly recommended for those who are interested in the economics and politics of trade policies, agricultural economics, economic development, and food and nutrition security in the Asia-Pacific region and beyond.
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on International Development, Finance, Trade, and Monetary Policy Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :152 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (121 download)
Book Synopsis African Economic Development by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on International Development, Finance, Trade, and Monetary Policy
Download or read book African Economic Development written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on International Development, Finance, Trade, and Monetary Policy and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Parallel Exchange Rates in Developing Countries by : Miguel A. Kiguel
Download or read book Parallel Exchange Rates in Developing Countries written by Miguel A. Kiguel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: '...the most definitive study of the subject, assembling an all-star cast to address the many outstanding questions and succeeding beyond expectations in combining elegant theory and state of the art econometrics to reach very sensible policy conclusions.' - Mohsin S. Khan, Deputy Director, Research Department, International Monetary Fund ' This book fills an important vacuum in the literature of the economic consequences of parallel markets and should prove of great value to students of economic development and to policy-makers in developing countries as they struggle to reform their exchange rate and trade incentive systems. Here they will find all that they need to know.' - Vittorio Corbo, Professor of Economics, Universidad Catolica de Chile 'A most comprehensive treatment of the relationships between parallel foreign exchange markets and macroeconomic policies, both across countries and over time. The book substantially enhances our understanding of how these systems work in practice and will be of great interest to policy-makers, researchers and graduate students of economic policy.' - Samuel M. Wangwe, Professor of Economics, University of Dar es Salaam and Executive Director, Economic and Social Research Foundation, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania This book examines extensive empirical evidence on the macroeconomic implications of parallel exchange rates in developing countries. Eight case-studies from Africa, Latin America, and Turkey provide detailed evidence on the emergence of parallel exchange rates, their impact on macroeconomic performance, and the criteria for successful exchange-rate unification. A chapter on European dual exchange rates summarizes the contrasting experience of industrial countries. An overview chapter lays out the analytical framework, assesses the evidence, and draws policy conclusions.
Download or read book Situation and Outlook Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Situation and Outlook Report. World Agriculture by :
Download or read book Situation and Outlook Report. World Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis World Agriculture Outlook & Situation by :
Download or read book World Agriculture Outlook & Situation written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1484366808 Total Pages :105 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (843 download)
Book Synopsis Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions 2013 by : International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department
Download or read book Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions 2013 written by International Monetary Fund. Monetary and Capital Markets Department and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-12-15 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the 64th issue of the AREAER. It provides a description of the foreign exchange arrangements, exchange and trade systems, and capital controls of all IMF member countries. It also provides information on the operation of foreign exchange markets and controls on international trade. It describes controls on capital transactions and measures implemented in the financial sector, including prudential measures. In addition, it reports on exchange measures imposed by member countries for security reasons. A single table provides a snapshot of the exchange and trade systems of all IMF member countries. The Overview describes in detail how the general trend toward foreign exchange liberalization continued during 2012, alongside a strengthening of the financial sector regulatory framework. The AREAER is available in several formats. The Overview in print and online, and the detailed information for each of the 191 member countries and territories is included on a CD that accompanies the printed Overview and in an online database, AREAER Online. In addition to the information on the exchange and trade system of IMF member countries in 2012, AREAER Online contains historical data published in previous issues of the AREAER. It is searchable by year, country, and category of measure and allows cross country comparisons for time series.
Author :International Monetary Fund Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :9789211613520 Total Pages :778 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (135 download)
Book Synopsis System of National Accounts, 1993 by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book System of National Accounts, 1993 written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1993-03-15 with total page 778 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1993 SNA represents a major advance in national accounting. While updating and clarifying the 1968 SNA, the 1993 SNA provides the basis for improving compilation of national accounts statistics, promoting integration of economic and related statistics, and enhancing analysis of economic developments. The 1993 SNA deals more clearly with relationships between economic flows (such as production, income, savings, accumulation, and financing) and links between these flows and stocks. At the same time the 1993 SNA reflects the many significant developments that have taken place in financial markets and completes the integration of balance sheets into the system. The 1993 SNA also suggests how satellite accounts (e.g. environmental accounts) and alternative classifications (e.g., through social accounting matrices) an be used to augment the central framework of the system.
