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The Structure Of Alkali Silicate Glasses And Melts
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Book Synopsis Silicate Glasses and Melts by : Bjorn Mysen
Download or read book Silicate Glasses and Melts written by Bjorn Mysen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-11-27 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silicate Glasses and Melts, Second Edition describes the structure-property-composition relationships for silicate glasses and melts from a geological and industrial perspective. Updated sections include (i) characterization of silicate melt and COHN fluid structure (with and without dissolved silicate components) with pressure, temperature, and redox conditions and responses of structural variables to chemical composition, (ii) determination of solubility and solution mechanisms of COHN volatiles in silicate melts and minerals and of solubility and solution mechanisms of silicate components in COHN fluids, and (iii) effects of very high pressure on structure and properties of melts and glasses. This new book is an essential resource for researchers in a number of fields, including geology, geophysics, geoscience, volcanology, material science, glass science, petrology and mineralogy. - Brings together multidisciplinary research scattered across the scientific literature into one reference, with a focus on silicate melts and their application to natural systems - Emphasizes linking melt properties to melt structure - Includes a discussion of the pros and cons of the use of glass as a proxy for melt structure and properties - Written by highly regarded experts in the field who, among other honors, were the 2006 recipients of the prestigious G.W. Morey award of the American Ceramic Society
Book Synopsis Silicate Glasses and Melts by : Bjorn Mysen
Download or read book Silicate Glasses and Melts written by Bjorn Mysen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-06-16 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the structure-property-composition relationships for silicate glasses and melts of industrial and geological interest. From Antiquity to the 20th century, an introductory chapter presents this subject in a historical perspective. Basic concepts are then discussed in three chapters where attention is paid to the glass transition and its various consequences on melt and glass properties, to the structural and physical differences between amorphous and crystalline silicates, and to the mutual relationships between local order, energetics and physical properties. With pure SiO2 as a starting point, compositions of increasing chemical complexity are successively dealt with in a dozen chapters. The effects of network-modifying cations on structure and properties are first exemplified by alkali and alkaline earth elements. The specific influence of aluminum, iron, titanium, and phosphorus are then reviewed. With water, volatiles in the system COHS, noble gases, and halogens, the effects of volatile components are also described. The last chapter explains how the results obtained on simpler melts can be applied to chemically complex systems. In each chapter, physical and chemical properties are described first and followed by a review of glass and melt structure. When possible, pressure effects are also considered.*From SiO2 to complex silicate compositions, the physical and chemical properties of melts and glasses of geological and industrial interest*Structural characterization of melts and glasses, from ambient to high pressure and temperature*From basic concepts to an advanced level, a consistent description of the structure-property-composition relationships in glasses and melts
Book Synopsis The Structure of Alkali Silicate Glasses and Melts by : Cedrick O'Shaughnessy
Download or read book The Structure of Alkali Silicate Glasses and Melts written by Cedrick O'Shaughnessy and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The structure of alkali silicate glasses and melts is investigated using a multi-spectroscopic approach. Raman spectroscopy is used to characterize the local to intermediate range order within the glasses. We show that the distribution of rings varies as a function of composition, with 3-membered rings gaining importance with increasing alkali content. We apply a newly developed model for the tting of the high frequency envelope related to SiO4 symmetric stretch vibrations of Qn species. These ts are interpreted using the idea of modifier bound bridging oxygen. The proportions of the different Qn species vary with alkali concentration with Q4 species breaking down to form lower order Qn species with increasing alkali content. The Q2 peak appears at increasingly higher concentrations of M2O with increasing cation size. This leads us to believe that cations with a higher charge density cluster more readily than cations with a lower charge density. At the 20 mol. % composition we see a change in the silicate network, as shown by the absence of a Q4 peak and the proportion of 3-membered rings. The unique behaviour of lithium was investigated using X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy. We conducted experiments on a variety of lithium-bearing salts, minerals and glasses (LS: lithium silicate and LMS: lithium alkaline-earth silicate glasses) in order to characterize the lithium bonding environment. The Li K-edge position depends on the electronegativity of the element to which it is bound. The intensity of the first peak varies, depending on the existence of a 2p electron and can be used to evaluate the degree of ionicity of the bond. Crystalline lithium metasilicate has a sharp, strong intensity absorption edge whereas the lithium silicate glasses all have a weak intensity edge feature, similar to that of lithium carbonate. The area of the absorption edge peak increases with the lithium content of the LS glasses. The LMS glasses edge peak changes drastically depending on the alkaline-earth present. The peak area of the LMS glasses decreases with increasing charge density from barium to magnesium. We believe that the presence of Mg leads to more covalent-like Li-O bonds.
Book Synopsis Structure and Properties of Silicate Melts by : Bjorn O. Mysen
Download or read book Structure and Properties of Silicate Melts written by Bjorn O. Mysen and published by Elsevier Publishing Company. This book was released on 1988 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Characterization of the relationships between structure and properties of materials is based on the fundamental principle that the structure of the material be determined first, followed by assessments of which structural properties may govern their properties as a function of composition, pressure, temperature and other variables. Whereas this methodology has been successfully applied to further our understanding of crystalline materials, studies of silicate melt structure are often conducted on a somewhat different basis. Rather than from direct structural determination, structure models have been developed from assumed relationships between a specific melt property and its structure. As a result, a multitude of models has evolved - many of which are mutually exclusive. The overall scope of this book is to address properties and processes of magmatic systems from the vantage point of melt structure. To this end available data in chemically increasingly complex systems are reviewed and discussed with the ultimate goal being integration of the simple system data into a model that describes complex systems such as natural magmatic liquids. Thus the book evolves from the simplest possible system, SiO 2 , to complex systems such as natural magmatic liquids. From a petrologic point of view, sufficient data have been obtained so that a general framework of the structure of magmatic liquids is in place. This framework is based on the same principles as those of crystal chemistry, modulated by the absence of long range order in amorphous material, and systematic relationships between structure and properties can be discerned at least at atmospheric pressure.
Book Synopsis Structure, Dynamics, and Properties of Silicate Melts by : Jonathan F. Stebbins
Download or read book Structure, Dynamics, and Properties of Silicate Melts written by Jonathan F. Stebbins and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 32 of Reviews in Mineralogy introduces the basic concepts of melt physics and relaxation theory as applied to silicate melts, then to describe the current state of experimental and computer simulation techniques for exploring the detailed atomic structure and dynamic processes which occur at high temperature, and finally to consider the relationships between melt structure, thermodynamic properties and rheology within these liquids. These fundamental relations serve to bridge the extrapolation from often highly simplified melt compositions studied in the laboratory to the multicomponent systems found in nature. This volume focuses on the properties of simple model silicate systems, which are usually volatile-free. The behavior of natural magmas has been summarized in a previous Short Course volume (Nicholls and Russell, editors, 1990: Reviews in Mineralogy, Vol. 24), and the effect of volatiles on magmatic properties in yet another (Carroll and Holloway, editors, 1994: Vol. 30). The Mineralogical Society of America sponsored a short course for which this was the text at Stanford University December 9 and 10, 1995, preceding the Fall Meeting of the American Geophysical Union and MSA in San Fransisco, with about 100 professionals and graduate students in attendance.
Download or read book Silicate Melts written by Sharon Webb and published by Springer. This book was released on 1997-07-17 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the experimental determination of the physical properties of silicate melts and magmas close to glass transition. Abundant new data are presented. The same type of measurement is performed on a range of melts to test the effect of composition on physical properties; and a range of different techniques are used to determine the same physical properties to illustrate the relationships between the relaxation of the melt structure and the relaxation of its physical properties. This book is of interest to experimental researchers in the discussion of data obtained from both a materials science and a geoscientific point of view.
Book Synopsis The Structure of Binary Alkali Silicate Melts by : Michael Perander
Download or read book The Structure of Binary Alkali Silicate Melts written by Michael Perander and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Partial Molar Volumes, Expansivities, and Their Structural Interpretation in Alkali Silicate Melts by : Jack Lee White
Download or read book Partial Molar Volumes, Expansivities, and Their Structural Interpretation in Alkali Silicate Melts written by Jack Lee White and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Introduction to Glass Science and Technology by : James E Shelby
Download or read book Introduction to Glass Science and Technology written by James E Shelby and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2015-11-06 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a concise and inexpensive introduction for an undergraduate course in glass science and technology. The level of the book has deliberately been maintained at the introductory level to avoid confusion of the student by inclusion of more advanced material, and is unique in that its text is limited to the amount suitable for a one term course for students in materials science, ceramics or inorganic chemistry. The contents cover the fundamental topics of importance in glass science and technology, including glass formation, crystallization, phase separation and structure of glasses. Additional chapters discuss the most important properties of glasses, including discussion of physical, optical, electrical, chemical and mechanical properties. A final chapter provides an introduction to a number of methods used to form technical glasses, including glass sheet, bottles, insulation fibre, optical fibres and other common commercial products. In addition, the book contains discussion of the effects of phase separation and crystallization on the properties of glasses, which is neglected in other texts. Although intended primarily as a textbook, Introduction to Glass Science and Technology will also be invaluable to the engineer or scientist who desires more knowledge regarding the formation, properties and production of glass.
Book Synopsis Advanced Mineralogy by : A. S. Marfunin
Download or read book Advanced Mineralogy written by A. S. Marfunin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All existing introductory reviews of mineralogy are written accord ing to the same algorithm, sometimes called the "Dana System of Mineralogy". Even modern advanced handbooks, which are cer tainly necessary, include basic data on minerals and are essentially descriptive. When basic information on the chemistry, structure, optical and physical properties, distinguished features and para genesis of 200-400 minerals is presented, then there is practically no further space available to include new ideas and concepts based on recent mineral studies. A possible solution to this dilemma would be to present a book beginning where introductory textbooks end for those already famil iar with the elementary concepts. Such a volume would be tailored to specialists in all fields of science and industry, interested in the most recent results in mineralogy. This approach may be called Advanced Mineralogy. Here, an attempt has been made to survey the current possibilities and aims in mineral matter investigations, including the main characteristics of all the methods, the most important problems and topics of mineral ogy, and related studies. The individual volumes are composed of short, condensed chap ters. Each chapter presents in a complete, albeit condensed, form specific problems, methods, theories, and directions of investigations, and estimates their importance and strategic position in science and industry.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Glass Science, Technology, History, and Culture Two Volume Set by : Pascal Richet
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Glass Science, Technology, History, and Culture Two Volume Set written by Pascal Richet and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-02-05 with total page 1568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Encyclopedia begins with an introduction summarizing itsscope and content. Glassmaking; Structure of Glass, GlassPhysics,Transport Properties, Chemistry of Glass, Glass and Light,Inorganic Glass Families, Organic Glasses, Glass and theEnvironment, Historical and Economical Aspect of Glassmaking,History of Glass, Glass and Art, and outlinepossible newdevelopments and uses as presented by the best known people in thefield (C.A. Angell, for example). Sections and chapters arearranged in a logical order to ensure overall consistency and avoiduseless repetitions. All sections are introduced by a briefintroduction and attractive illustration. Newly investigatedtopics will be addresses, with the goal of ensuring that thisEncyclopedia remains a reference work for years to come.
Book Synopsis Characterization of the Structure and Transport Properties of Alkali Silicate Glasses by Computer Simulations by : Chengde Huang
Download or read book Characterization of the Structure and Transport Properties of Alkali Silicate Glasses by Computer Simulations written by Chengde Huang and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Glass written by Horst Scholze and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When it was learned that Professor Scholze was revising his classic work on the nature, structure, and properties of glass, it was natural to conceive the idea of translating the new edition into English. Professor Scholze enthusiastically endorsed this suggestion and asked for the concurrence of his publisher, Springer-Verlag. Springer-Verlag welcomed the idea and readily agreed to provide support. With the essential agreements in place, Professor Michael Lakin, Professor of German at Alfred University, was asked to do the transla tion, and I subsequently agreed to work with Professor Lakin to check for technical accuracy. I was happy to accept this task because of my respect for Professor Scholze and because of the value to glass scientists and engineers of having available an English edition of Glas. Professor Scholze died before publication ofthis English edition of his work. However, he had reviewed the entire English text and had approved it. Professor Lakin and I appreciated the confidence he placed in us, and we were gratified with his acceptance of our efforts. His scientific contributions were numerous and important; they will long serve as guideposts for research in many key areas. We hope this translation of Glas will help make his legacy accessible to more people. Professor Lakin and I have tried to provide a translation that is accurate and true to the original but that has a distinctive English "flavor"; that is, it is not just a literal translation.
Book Synopsis Melt Chemistry, Relaxation, and Solidification Kinetics of Glasses by : Hong Li
Download or read book Melt Chemistry, Relaxation, and Solidification Kinetics of Glasses written by Hong Li and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-04-11 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume will summarize the most recent development in experimentation, computation, and theory on chemistry of glass forming melt, including melt structure modeling and melt structure and characterizations. This volume provides a timely update on the advances in glass basic science research and development.
Download or read book Silicate Melts written by I. H. Campbell and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Structural Insights Into Sodium-rich Silicate-carbonate Glasses and Melts by : Julia Pohlenz
Download or read book Structural Insights Into Sodium-rich Silicate-carbonate Glasses and Melts written by Julia Pohlenz and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbonate-rich silicate and carbonate melts play a crucial role in deep Earth magmatic processes and their melt structure is a key parameter, as it controls physical and chemical properties. Carbonate-rich melts can be strongly enriched in geochemically important trace elements. The structural incorporation mechanisms of these elements are difficult to study because such melts generally cannot be quenched to glasses, which are usually employed for structural investigations. This thesis investigates the influence of CO2 on the local environments of trace elements contained in silicate glasses with variable CO2 concentrations as well as in silicate and carbonate melts. The compositions studied include sodium-rich peralkaline silicate melts and glasses and carbonate melts similar to those occurring naturally at Oldoinyo Lengai volcano, Tanzania. The local environments of the three elements yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La) and strontium (Sr) were investigated in synthesized glasses and melts using X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy. Especially extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (EXAFS) provides element specific information on local structure, such as bond lengths, coordination numbers and the degree of disorder. To cope with the enhanced structural disorder present in glasses and melts, EXAFS analysis was based on fitting approaches using an asymmetric distribution function as well as a correlation model according to bond valence theory. Firstly, silicate glasses quenched from high pressure/temperature melts with up to 7.6 wt % CO2 were investigated. In strongly and extremely peralkaline glasses the local structure of Y is unaffected by the CO2 content (with oxygen bond lengths of ~ 2.29 Å). ...
Book Synopsis Structure and Crystallization of Glasses by : Werner Vogel
Download or read book Structure and Crystallization of Glasses written by Werner Vogel and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structure and Crystallization of Glasses details glass structural analysis from an experimental perspective. The book is comprised of eight chapters that cover various structural concepts. The text first introduces the basic elements of glass structures, and then proceeds to discussing the development of classical structure theories. The next chapter presents research that deals with structure of prototype and original glasses. Next, the book details the position of the structural conceptions resulting from the studies. Chapter 5 talks about the crystallization behavior of glasses according to the classical studies of G. Tammann and their development. Chapter 6 deals with the effects of the composition of glass on the resulting form of a crystal phase in the course of growth. The seventh chapter discusses the microphases in glass and their relations to crystallization, and the last chapter details the directed crystallization in glass. The text will be of great use to individuals involved in the research, development, and application of glass technology, such as materials engineers and inorganic chemists.
