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The Signal Of Weak Gravitational Lensing From Galaxy Groups And Clusters
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Book Synopsis Gravitational Lensing: Strong, Weak and Micro by : Peter Schneider
Download or read book Gravitational Lensing: Strong, Weak and Micro written by Peter Schneider and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-12-30 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The observation, in 1919 by A.S. Eddington and collaborators, of the gra- tational de?ection of light by the Sun proved one of the many predictions of Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity: The Sun was the ?rst example of a gravitational lens. In 1936, Albert Einstein published an article in which he suggested - ing stars as gravitational lenses. A year later, Fritz Zwicky pointed out that galaxies would act as lenses much more likely than stars, and also gave a list of possible applications, as a means to determine the dark matter content of galaxies and clusters of galaxies. It was only in 1979 that the ?rst example of an extragalactic gravitational lens was provided by the observation of the distant quasar QSO 0957+0561, by D. Walsh, R.F. Carswell, and R.J. Weymann. A few years later, the ?rst lens showing images in the form of arcs was detected. The theory, observations, and applications of gravitational lensing cons- tute one of the most rapidly growing branches of astrophysics. The gravi- tional de?ection of light generated by mass concentrations along a light path producesmagni?cation,multiplicity,anddistortionofimages,anddelaysp- ton propagation from one line of sight relative to another. The huge amount of scienti?c work produced over the last decade on gravitational lensing has clearly revealed its already substantial and wide impact, and its potential for future astrophysical applications.
Book Synopsis Formation of Structure in the Universe by : Avishai Dekel
Download or read book Formation of Structure in the Universe written by Avishai Dekel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-04-15 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This advanced textbook provides an up-to-date and comprehensive introduction to the very active field of structure formation in cosmology. It is written by eleven world-leading authorities. Written in a clear and pedagogical style appropriate for graduate students in astronomy and physics, this textbook introduces the reader to a wide range of exciting topics in contemporary cosmology: from recent advances in redshift surveys, to the latest models in gravitational lensing and cosmological simulations. The authors are all world-renowned experts both for their research and teaching skills. In the fast-moving field of structure formation, this book provides advanced undergraduate and graduate students with a welcome textbook which unites the latest theory and observations.
Book Synopsis Dark Matter in the Universe by : John N. Bahcall
Download or read book Dark Matter in the Universe written by John N. Bahcall and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2004 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If standard gravitational theory is correct, then most of the matter in the universe is in an unidentified form which does not emit enough light to have been detected by current instrumentation. This book is the second editon of the lectures given at the 4th Jerusalem Winter School for Theoretical Physics, with new material added. The lectures are devoted to the ?missing matter? problem in the universe, the search to understand dark matter. The goal of this volume is to make current research work on unseen matter accessible to students without prior experience in this area and to provide insights for experts in related research fields. Due to the pedagogical nature of the original lectures and the intense discussions between the lecturers and the students, the written lectures included in this volume often contain techniques and explanations not found in more formal journal publications.
Book Synopsis Principles of Gravitational Lensing by : Arthur B. Congdon
Download or read book Principles of Gravitational Lensing written by Arthur B. Congdon and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-01 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides an introduction to gravitational lensing, which has become an invaluable tool in modern astrophysics, with applications that range from finding planets orbiting distant stars to understanding how dark matter and dark energy conspired to form the cosmic structures we see today. Principles of Gravitational Lensing begins with Einstein’s prediction that gravity bends light, and shows how that fundamental idea has spawned a rich field of study over the past century. The gravitational deflection of light was first detected by Eddington during a solar eclipse in May 1919, launching Einstein and his theory of relativity into public view. Yet the possibility of using the phenomenon to unlock mysteries of the Universe seemed remote, given the technology of the day. Theoretical work was carried out sporadically over the next six decades, but only with the discovery of the system Q0957+561 in 1979 was gravitational lensing transformed from a curiosity of general relativity into a practical observational tool. This book describes how the three subfields known as strong lensing, weak lensing, and microlensing have grown independently but become increasingly intertwined. Drawing on their research experience, Congdon and Keeton begin with the basic physics of light bending, then present the mathematical foundations of gravitational lensing, building up to current research topics in a clear and systematic way. Relevant background material from physics and mathematics is included, making the book self-contained. The derivations and explanations are supplemented by exercises designed to help students master the theoretical concepts as well as the methods that drive current research. An extensive bibliography guides those wishing to delve more deeply into particular areas of interest. Principles of Gravitational Lensing is ideal for advanced students and seasoned researchers looking to penetrate this thriving subject and even contribute research of their own.
Author :Space Telescope Science Institute (U.S.). Symposium Publisher :Cambridge University Press ISBN 13 :9780521591645 Total Pages :354 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (916 download)
Book Synopsis The Extragalactic Distance Scale by : Space Telescope Science Institute (U.S.). Symposium
Download or read book The Extragalactic Distance Scale written by Space Telescope Science Institute (U.S.). Symposium and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-06-28 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the hottest debates in astronomy and cosmology today concerns the value of the Hubble constant. This constant is of paramount importance since it fixes the size and age of the Universe. At a symposium at the Space Telescope Science Institute, experts from around the world presented the latest results from a plethora of techniques for determining the Hubble constant. The value has always been controversial, but at this meeting experts' results agreed for the first time to within about 20%. Based on the meeting, this book presents twenty-three specially written review articles. They provide a comprehensive account of the Hubble-constant debate with the latest results from gravitational lensing, supernovae and novae, the Tully-Fisher relation, the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect, globular clusters, planetary nebulae, light echoes, and the Hubble Space Telescope Key Project. This timely volume provides a standard reference for graduate students and researchers in astronomy and cosmology.
Book Synopsis Merging Processes in Galaxy Clusters by : L. Feretti
Download or read book Merging Processes in Galaxy Clusters written by L. Feretti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-18 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mergers are the mechanisms by which galaxy clusters are assembled through the hierarchical growth of smaller clusters and groups. Major cluster mergers are the most energetic events in the Universe since the Big Bang. Many of the observed properties of clusters depend on the physics of the merging process. These include substructure, shock, intra cluster plasma temperature and entropy structure, mixing of heavy elements within the intra cluster medium, acceleration of high-energy particles, formation of radio halos and the effects on the galaxy radio emission. This book reviews our current understanding of cluster merging from an observational and theoretical perspective, and is appropriate for both graduate students and researchers in the field.
Book Synopsis Astrophysical Applications of Gravitational Lensing by : Evencio Mediavilla
Download or read book Astrophysical Applications of Gravitational Lensing written by Evencio Mediavilla and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-10-06 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents gravitational lensing as an essential tool in astrophysics for tracking dark matter at all scales in the Universe.
Book Synopsis Precision Cosmology with Galaxy Cluster Surveys by : Hao-Yi Wu
Download or read book Precision Cosmology with Galaxy Cluster Surveys written by Hao-Yi Wu and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The acceleration of the universe, which is often attributed to "dark energy, " has posed one of the main challenges to fundamental physics. Galaxy clusters provide one of the most sensitive probes of dark energy because their abundance reflects the growth rate of large-scale structure and the expansion rate of the universe. Several large galaxy cluster surveys will soon provide tremendous statistical power to constrain the properties of dark energy; however, the constraining power of these surveys will be determined by how well systematic errors are controlled. Of these systematic errors, the dominant one comes from inferring cluster masses using observable signals of clusters, the so-called "observable--mass distribution." This thesis focuses on extracting dark energy information from forthcoming large galaxy cluster surveys, including how we maximize the cosmological information, how we control important systematics, and how precisely we need to calibrate theoretical models. We study how multi-wavelength follow-up observations can improve cluster mass calibration in optical surveys. We also investigate the impact of theoretical uncertainties in calibrating the spatial distributions of galaxy clusters on dark energy constraints. In addition, we explore how the formation history of galaxy clusters impacts the self-calibration of cluster mass. In addition, we use N-body simulations to develop a new statistical sample of cluster-size halos in order to further understand the observable--mass distribution. We study the completeness of subhalos in our cluster sample by comparing them with the satellite galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We also study how subhalo selections impact the inferred correlation between formation time and optical mass tracers, including cluster richness and velocity dispersion.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Gravitational Lensing by : Massimo Meneghetti
Download or read book Introduction to Gravitational Lensing written by Massimo Meneghetti and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-10 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the phenomenology of gravitational lensing in an accessible manner and provides a thorough discussion of the related astrophysical applications. It is intended for advanced undergraduates and graduate students who want to start working in this rapidly evolving field. This includes also senior researchers who are interested in ongoing or future surveys and missions such as DES, Euclid, WFIRST, LSST. The reader is guided through many fascinating topics related to gravitational lensing like the structure of our galaxy, the searching for exoplanets, the investigation of dark matter in galaxies and galaxy clusters, and several aspects of cosmology, including dark energy and the cosmic microwave background. The author, who has gained valuable experience as academic teacher, guides the readers towards the comprehension of the theory of gravitational lensing and related observational techniques by using simple codes written in python. This approach, beyond facilitating the understanding of gravitational lensing, is preparatory for learning the python programming language which is gaining large popularity both in academia and in the private sector.
Book Synopsis Space Time and Gravitation by : Arthur Stanley Eddington
Download or read book Space Time and Gravitation written by Arthur Stanley Eddington and published by Read Books Ltd. This book was released on 2013-05-31 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides an account of various experiments, that demonstrate a simplified reality where space and time are relegated to their proper source – the observer. The principles of these experiments and theories originate from the ideas of Einstein, and this text aims to present this 'new' outlook without the need for extensive knowledge of mathematics, physics, or philosophy. This text will be of considerable use to those with a keen interest in physics, and would make for a great addition to any bookshelf. The chapters of this book include: 'The Fitzgerald Contraction', 'Relativity', 'The World of Four Dimensions', 'Fields of Force', 'Kinds of Space', 'The New Law of Gravitation and the Old Law', 'Weighing Light', 'Other Tests of The Theory', 'Momentum and Energy', etcetera. We are publishing this antiquarian book now in an affordable, modern edition - complete with a new biography of the author.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Galaxy Dynamics, Formation and Evolution by : Ignacio Ferreras
Download or read book Fundamentals of Galaxy Dynamics, Formation and Evolution written by Ignacio Ferreras and published by UCL Press. This book was released on 2019-04-02 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Galaxies, along with their underlying dark matter halos, constitute the building blocks of structure in the Universe. Of all fundamental forces, gravity is the dominant one that drives the evolution of structures from small density seeds at early times to the galaxies we see today. The interactions among myriads of stars, or dark matter particles, in a gravitating structure produce a system with fascinating connotations to thermodynamics, with some analogies and some fundamental differences. Ignacio Ferreras presents a concise introduction to extragalactic astrophysics, with emphasis on stellar dynamics, and the growth of density fluctuations in an expanding Universe. Additional chapters are devoted to smaller systems (stellar clusters) and larger ones (galaxy clusters). Fundamentals of Galaxy Dynamics, Formation and Evolution is written for advanced undergraduates and beginning postgraduate students, providing a useful tool to get up to speed in a starting research career. Some of the derivations for the most important results are presented in detail to enable students appreciate the beauty of maths as a tool to understand the workings of galaxies. Each chapter includes a set of problems to help the student advance with the material.
Book Synopsis Outskirts of Galaxy Clusters (IAU C195) by : International Astronomical Union. Colloquium
Download or read book Outskirts of Galaxy Clusters (IAU C195) written by International Astronomical Union. Colloquium and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-12-16 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Colloquium no. 195, held in Torino, Italy in 2004. The meeting investigated the formation of galaxies within a full cosmological context, focusing on the outer regions of galaxy clusters. The observed correlation of optical and radio properties of galaxies with their environment indicates that the formation and evolution of galaxies is intimately linked to the formation of large scale structure. With chapters written by leading authorities in the field, this timely volume investigates the role of the environment in determining the properties of galaxies. It describes the distribution of matter and galaxies on the largest scales in the Universe, the processes of cluster and galaxy formation, their role and interplay. This is a valuable collection of review articles for professional astronomers.
Book Synopsis Modern Cosmology by : Scott Dodelson
Download or read book Modern Cosmology written by Scott Dodelson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2003-03-13 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An advanced text for senior undergraduates, graduate students and physical scientists in fields outside cosmology. This is a self-contained book focusing on the linear theory of the evolution of density perturbations in the universe, and the anisotropiesin the cosmic microwave background.
Book Synopsis Spacetime and Geometry by : Sean M. Carroll
Download or read book Spacetime and Geometry written by Sean M. Carroll and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-08-08 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible introductory textbook on general relativity, covering the theory's foundations, mathematical formalism and major applications.
Book Synopsis Unveiling Galaxies by : Jean-René Roy
Download or read book Unveiling Galaxies written by Jean-René Roy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thought provoking study of the powerful impact of images in guiding astronomers' understanding of galaxies through time.
Book Synopsis Mathematical Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity by : Albert Einstein
Download or read book Mathematical Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity written by Albert Einstein and published by Blurb. This book was released on 2021-07-19 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theory which is sketched in the following pages forms the most wide-going generalization conceivable of what is at present known as "the theory of Relativity;" this latter theory I differentiate from the former "Special Relativity theory," and suppose it to be known. The generalization of the Relativity theory has been made much easier through the form given to the special Relativity theory by Minkowski, which mathematician was the first to recognize clearly the formal equivalence of the space like and time-like co-ordinates, and who made use of it in the building up of the theory. The mathematical apparatus useful for the general relativity theory, lay already complete in the "Absolute Differential Calculus", which were based on the researches of GAUSS, RIEMANN and CHRISTOFFEL on the non-Euclidean manifold, and which have been shaped into a system by RICCI and LEVI-CIVITA, and already applied to the problems of theoretical physics. I have in part B of this communication developed in the simplest and clearest manner, all the supposed mathematical auxiliaries, not known to Physicists, which will be useful for our purpose, so that, a study of the mathematical literature is not necessary for an understanding of this paper. Finally in this place I thank my friend GROSSMANN, by whose help I was not only spared the study of the mathematical literature pertinent to this subject, but who also aided me in the researches on the field equations of gravitation.
Book Synopsis Extragalactic Astronomy and Cosmology by : Peter Schneider
Download or read book Extragalactic Astronomy and Cosmology written by Peter Schneider and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-08 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition has been updated and substantially expanded. Starting with the description of our home galaxy, the Milky Way, this cogently written textbook introduces the reader to the astronomy of galaxies, their structure, active galactic nuclei, evolution and large scale distribution in the Universe. After an extensive and thorough introduction to modern observational and theoretical cosmology, the focus turns to the formation of structures and astronomical objects in the early Universe. The basics of classical astronomy and stellar astrophysics needed for extragalactic astronomy are provided in the appendix. While this book has grown out of introductory university courses on astronomy and astrophysics and includes a set of problems and solutions, it will not only benefit undergraduate students and lecturers; thanks to the comprehensive coverage of the field, even graduate students and researchers specializing in related fields will appreciate it as a valuable reference work.
