Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
The Responsiveness Of Married Womens Labor Force Participation To Income And Wages
Download The Responsiveness Of Married Womens Labor Force Participation To Income And Wages full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online The Responsiveness Of Married Womens Labor Force Participation To Income And Wages ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis The Responsiveness of Married Women's Labor Force Participation to Income and Wages by : Katharine Bradbury
Download or read book The Responsiveness of Married Women's Labor Force Participation to Income and Wages written by Katharine Bradbury and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One contributor to the twentieth century rise in married women's labor force participation was declining responsiveness to husbands' wages and other family income. Now that the rapid rise in married women's participation has slowed and even begun to reverse, this paper asks whether married women's cross-wage elasticities have continued to fall. Using the outgoing rotation group of the monthly Current Population Survey (CPS) and estimating coefficients separately for each year from 1994 through 2006, we find that the decline in responsiveness to husbands' wages has come to an end -- at least for the time being -- and even find evidence of rising responsiveness to husbands' wages. This increase in the cross-wage elasticity of participation occurs largely between 1997 and 2002 and is concentrated among younger women and women with children.
Book Synopsis The Labor-supply Response of Married Women in the New Jersey Negative Income Tax Experiment by : V. Joseph Hotz
Download or read book The Labor-supply Response of Married Women in the New Jersey Negative Income Tax Experiment written by V. Joseph Hotz and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Labor Force Participation Elasticities of Women and Secondary Earners Within Married Couples by : Congressional Budget Congressional Budget Office
Download or read book Labor Force Participation Elasticities of Women and Secondary Earners Within Married Couples written by Congressional Budget Congressional Budget Office and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-01-15 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Labor supply elasticities are often used to evaluate the effect of changes in tax rates on the total hours worked in the economy. Historically, married women have tended to have larger labor supply elasticities than their spouses because they were the secondary earners in a couple. However, those elasticities have fallen sharply in recent decades-a decline that has been attributed to greater labor force participation rates and increased career orientation among married women. Indeed, a growing share of wives earn more than their husbands, raising the question whether a person's sex or relative earnings is the relevant factor affecting the sensitivity of participation to wage and tax rates. In this book, we use administrative data to examine whether women or lower-earning spouses have larger labor supply elasticities. We present descriptive evidence on the share of women who are the primary earner and the frequency of transitions into and out of employment by sex and relative earnings. We find that lower earning spouses are more likely to start and stop working than women, except when a couple starts a family. We then model an individual's work decision using a dynamic probit model to isolate the labor supply response to changes in tax rates. We estimate that the participation elasticity with respect to the net-of-tax rate of the secondary earner-the spouse who typically has lower earnings-is about 0.03, slightly higher than that for women, though both of these overall elasticities are small. Participation elasticities with respect to income for both women and secondary earners are effectively zero. Our estimates are robust to several alternative models, including alternative specifications of secondary earner.
Book Synopsis Slowing Women's Labor Force Participation by : Stefania Albanesi
Download or read book Slowing Women's Labor Force Participation written by Stefania Albanesi and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The entry of married women into the labor force and the rise in women's relative wages are amongst the most notable economic developments of the twentieth century. The growth in these indicators was particularly pronounced in the 1970s and 1980s, but it stalled since the early 1990s, especially for college graduates. In this paper, we argue that the discontinued growth in female labor supply and wages since the 1990s is a consequence of growing inequality. Our hypothesis is that the growth in top incomes for men generated a negative income effect on the labor supply of their spouses, which reduced their participation and wages. We show that the slowdown in participation and wage growth was concentrated among women married to highly educated and high income husbands, whose earnings grew dramatically over this period. We then develop a model of household labor supply with returns to experience that qualitatively reproduces this effect. A calibrated version of the model can account for a large fraction of the decline relative to trend in married women's participation in 1995-2005 particularly for college women. The model can also account for the rise in the gender wage gap for college graduates relative to trend in the same period.
Book Synopsis Determinants of Labor Force Participation of Married Women, 30 to 44 Years of Age by : Su-gon Kim
Download or read book Determinants of Labor Force Participation of Married Women, 30 to 44 Years of Age written by Su-gon Kim and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Slowing Women's Labor Force Participation by : Stefania Albanesi
Download or read book Slowing Women's Labor Force Participation written by Stefania Albanesi and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The entry of married women into the labor force and the rise in women's relative wages are amongst the most notable economic developments of the twentieth century. The growth in these indicators was particularly pronounced in the 1970s and 1980s, but it stalled since the early 1990s, especially for college graduates. In this paper, we argue that the discontinued growth in female labor supply and wages since the 1990s is a consequence of growing inequality. Our hypothesis is that the growth in top incomes for men generated a negative income effect on the labor supply of their spouses, which reduced their participation and wages. We show that the slowdown in participation and wage growth was concentrated among women married to highly educated and high income husbands, whose earnings grew dramatically over this period. We then develop a model of household labor supply with returns to experience that qualitatively reproduces this effect. A calibrated version of the model can account for a large fraction of the decline relative to trend in married women's participation in 1995-2005 particularly for college women. The model can also account for the rise in the gender wage gap for college graduates relative to trend in the same period.
Book Synopsis Married women in the labor force by : Glen George Cain
Download or read book Married women in the labor force written by Glen George Cain and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Taxation and Labor Supply of Married Women by : Nada Eissa
Download or read book Taxation and Labor Supply of Married Women written by Nada Eissa and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper uses the Tax Reform Act of 1986 as a natural experiment to identify the labor supply responsiveness of married women to changes in the tax rate. The Tax Reform Act of 1986 reduced the top marginal tax rate by 44 percent (from 50 percent to 28 percent), but changed less the marginal tax rate for those further down the income distribution. I analyze the response of married women at or above the 99th percentile of the income distribution, using as a control group women from the 75th percentile of the income distribution. I therefore identify the tax effect as the difference between the change in labor supply of women with large tax rate reductions and the change in labor supply of women with small tax rate reductions. I find evidence that the labor supply of high-income, married women increased due to the Tax Reform Act of 1986. The increase in total labor supply of married women at the top of the income distribution (relative to married women at the 75th percentile of the income distribution) implies an elasticity with respect to the after- tax wage of approximately 0.8. At least half of this elasticity is due to labor force participation. Use of a second control group supports the participation response but is inconclusive on the hours of work response.
Book Synopsis Labor Force Participation Rate of Married Women by : Leon Karol
Download or read book Labor Force Participation Rate of Married Women written by Leon Karol and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Married Women's Labor Supply by : John F. Cogan
Download or read book Married Women's Labor Supply written by John F. Cogan and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Family Formation, Labor Market Experience, and Wages of Married Women by : John F. Cogan
Download or read book Family Formation, Labor Market Experience, and Wages of Married Women written by John F. Cogan and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Lifetime Labor Force Participation of Married Women by : Steven H. Sandell
Download or read book Lifetime Labor Force Participation of Married Women written by Steven H. Sandell and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Women's Chaning Participation in the Labor Force by : T. Paul Schultz
Download or read book Women's Chaning Participation in the Labor Force written by T. Paul Schultz and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1989 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research has rarely tested the proposition that women have lost more than men when low- income countries introduce minimum wage legislation and certain other labor market regulations that raise the cost of labor to firms compared with families. But such interventions in the labor market may slow women's transition from nonmarket and family work to employment by firms. And that may affect the rate and structure of economic growth.
Book Synopsis Relative Income Concerns and the Rise in Married Women's Employment by : David Neumark
Download or read book Relative Income Concerns and the Rise in Married Women's Employment written by David Neumark and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We ask whether women's decisions to be in the labor force may be affected by the decisions of other women in ways not captured by standard models. We develop a model that augments the simple neoclassical framework by introducing relative income concerns into women's (or families') utility functions. In this model, the entry of some women into paid employment can spur the entry of other women, independently of wage and income effects. This mechanism may help to explain why, over some periods, women's employment appeared to rise faster than could be accounted for by the simple neoclassical model. We test the model by asking whether women's decisions to seek paid employment depend on the employment decisions of other women with whom relative income comparisons might be important. In particular, we look at the effects of sisters' employment on women's own employment. We find strong evidence that women's employment decisions are positively related to their sisters' employment decisions. We also take account of the possibility that this positive relationship arises from heterogeneity across families in unobserved variables affecting the employment decision. We conduct numerous empirical analyses to reduce or eliminate this heterogeneity bias. We also look at the relationship between husbands' relative income and wives' employment decisions. In our view, the evidence is largely supportive of the relative income hypothesis.
Book Synopsis Estimating Labor Supply Functions for Married Women by : T. Paul Schultz
Download or read book Estimating Labor Supply Functions for Married Women written by T. Paul Schultz and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dynamic Labor Force Participation of Married Women and Endogenous Work Experience by : Zvi Eckstein
Download or read book Dynamic Labor Force Participation of Married Women and Endogenous Work Experience written by Zvi Eckstein and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Labor Force Response of Career Vs. Noncareer Married Women to the Unemployment Rate by : Paula E. Stephan
Download or read book The Labor Force Response of Career Vs. Noncareer Married Women to the Unemployment Rate written by Paula E. Stephan and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
