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The Psychology Of Genocide Massacres And Extreme Violence
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Book Synopsis The Psychology of Genocide, Massacres, and Extreme Violence by : Donald G. Dutton
Download or read book The Psychology of Genocide, Massacres, and Extreme Violence written by Donald G. Dutton and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2007-05-30 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronicling horrific events that brought the 20th century to witness the largest number of systematic slaughters of human beings in any century across history, this work goes beyond historic details and examines contemporary psychological means that leaders use to convince individuals to commit horrific acts in the name of a politial or military cause. Massacres in Nanking, Rwanda, El Salvador, Vietnam, and other countries are reviewed in chilling detail. But the core issue is what psychological forces are behind large- scale killing; what psychology can be used to indoctrinate normal people with a Groupthink that moves individuals to mass murder brutally and without regret, even when the victims are innocent children. Dutton shows us how individuals are convinced to commit such sadistic acts, often preceded by torture, after being indoctrinated with beliefs that the target victims are unjust, inhuman or viral, like a virus that must be destroyed or it will destroy society.
Book Synopsis Purify and Destroy by : Jacques Sémelin
Download or read book Purify and Destroy written by Jacques Sémelin and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Review: "Purify and Destroy demonstrates that it is indeed possible to compare the Holocaust, the Rwandan genocide, and ethnic cleansing in Bosnia Herzegovina while respecting the specificities of each of these appalling phenomena." "Based on seminal distinction between massacre and genocide, Purify and Destroy identifies the main steps of a general process of destruction, both rational and irrational, born of what Semelin terms "delusional rationality." Semelin identifies the main stages that can lead to a genocidal process, and explains how ordinary people can become perpetrators."--Jacket
Book Synopsis The Psychology of Genocide and Violent Oppression by : Richard Morrock
Download or read book The Psychology of Genocide and Violent Oppression written by Richard Morrock and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2014-01-10 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The twentieth century was one of the most violent in all of human history, with more than 100 million people killed in acts of war and persecution ranging from the Herero and Namaqua genocide in present-day Namibia during the early 1900s to the ongoing conflict in Darfur. This book explores the root causes of genocide, looking into the underlying psychology of violence and oppression. Genocide does not simply occur at the hands of tyrannical despots, but rather at the hands of ordinary citizens whose unresolved pain and oppression forces them to follow a leader whose demagogy best expresses their own long-developed prejudices and fears. The book explains how birth trauma, childhood trauma, and authoritarian education can be seen as the true causes of genocidal periods in recent history.
Book Synopsis Why Not Kill Them All? by : Daniel Chirot
Download or read book Why Not Kill Them All? written by Daniel Chirot and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2010-07-01 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genocide, mass murder, massacres. The words themselves are chilling, evoking images of the slaughter of countless innocents. What dark impulses lurk in our minds that even today can justify the eradication of thousands and even millions of unarmed human beings caught in the crossfire of political, cultural, or ethnic hostilities? This question lies at the heart of Why Not Kill Them All? Cowritten by historical sociologist Daniel Chirot and psychologist Clark McCauley, the book goes beyond exploring the motives that have provided the psychological underpinnings for genocidal killings. It offers a historical and comparative context that adds up to a causal taxonomy of genocidal events. Rather than suggesting that such horrors are the product of abnormal or criminal minds, the authors emphasize the normality of these horrors: killing by category has occurred on every continent and in every century. But genocide is much less common than the imbalance of power that makes it possible. Throughout history human societies have developed techniques aimed at limiting intergroup violence. Incorporating ethnographic, historical, and current political evidence, this book examines the mechanisms of constraint that human societies have employed to temper partisan passions and reduce carnage. Might an understanding of these mechanisms lead the world of the twenty-first century away from mass murder? Why Not Kill Them All? makes clear that there are no simple solutions, but that progress is most likely to be made through a combination of international pressures, new institutions and laws, and education. If genocide is to become a grisly relic of the past, we must fully comprehend the complex history of violent conflict and the struggle between hatred and tolerance that is waged in the human heart. In a new preface, the authors discuss recent mass violence and reaffirm the importance of education and understanding in the prevention of future genocides.
Book Synopsis Living in Death by : Richard Rechtman
Download or read book Living in Death written by Richard Rechtman and published by Fordham University Press. This book was released on 2021-11-02 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner, Prix Littéraire Paris-Liège 2021 Winner, French Voices Award for Excellence in Publication and Translation When we speak of mass killers, we may speak of radicalized ideologues, mediocrities who only obey orders, or bloodthirsty monsters. Who are these men who kill on a mass scale? What is their consciousness? Do they not feel horror or compassion? Richard Rechtman’s Living in Death offers new answers to a question that has haunted us at least since the Holocaust. For Rechtman, it is not ideologies that kill, but people. This book descends into the ordinary life of people who execute hundreds every day, the same way others go to the office. Bringing philosophical sophistication to the ordinary, the book constitutes an anthropology of mass killers. Turning away from existing psychological and philosophical accounts of genocide’s perpetrators, Rechtman instead explores the conditions under which administering death becomes a job like any other. Considering Cambodia, Rwanda, and other mass killings, Living in Death draws on a vast array of archival research, psychological theory, and anecdotes from the author’s clinical work with refugees and former participants in genocide. Rechtman mounts a compelling case for reframing and refocusing our attempts to explain—and preempt—acts of mass torture, rape, killing, and extermination. What we must see, Rechtman argues, is that for genocidaires (those who carry out acts that are or approach genocide), there is nothing extraordinary, unusual, or world-historical about their actions. On the contrary, they are preoccupied with the same mundane things that characterize any other job: interactions with colleagues, living conditions, a drink and a laugh at the end of the day. To understand this is to understand how things came to be the way they are—and how they might be different.
Book Synopsis Purify and Destroy by : Jacques Semelin
Download or read book Purify and Destroy written by Jacques Semelin and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2009-03-22 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can we comprehend the sociopolitical processes that give rise to extreme violence, ethnic cleansing, or genocide? A major breakthrough in comparative analysis, Purify and Destroy demonstrates that it is indeed possible to compare the Holocaust, the Rwandan genocide, and ethnic cleansing in Bosnia-Herzegovina while respecting the specificities of each appalling phenomenon. Jacques Semelin achieves this, in part, by leading his readers through the three examples simultaneously, the unraveling of which sometimes converges but most often diverges. Semelin's method is multidisciplinary, relying not only on contemporary history but also on social psychology and political science. Based on the seminal distinction between massacre and genocide, Purify and Destroy identifies the main steps of a general process of destruction, both rational and irrational, born of what Semelin terms "delusional rationality." He describes a dynamic structural model with, at its core, the matrix of a social imaginaire that, responding to fears, resentments, and utopias, carves and recarves the social body by eliminating "the enemy." Semelin identifies the main stages that can lead to a genocidal process and explains how ordinary people can become perpetrators. He develops an intellectual framework to analyze the entire spectrum of mass violence, including terrorism, in the twentieth century and before. Strongly critical of today's political instrumentalization of the "genocide" notion, Semelin urges genocide research to stand back from legal and normative definitions and come of age as a discipline in its own right in the social sciences.
Book Synopsis Genocide by : Wilhelmus Petrus Du Preez
Download or read book Genocide written by Wilhelmus Petrus Du Preez and published by Marion Boyars Publishers. This book was released on 1994 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book attempts to make sense of the senseless. Its author considers cases of genocide past and present.
Book Synopsis Genocide, Collective Violence, and Popular Memory by : David E. Lorey
Download or read book Genocide, Collective Violence, and Popular Memory written by David E. Lorey and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2002 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The twentieth century has been scarred by political violence and genocide, reaching its extreme in the Holocaust. Yet, at the same time, the century has been marked by a growing commitment to human rights. This volume highlights the importance of history-
Download or read book The Roots of Evil written by Ervin Staub and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the psychological, cultural, and societal roots of group aggression, violence, and genocide.
Book Synopsis Forensic Psychology by : James McGuire
Download or read book Forensic Psychology written by James McGuire and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2018-04-18 with total page 1001 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This brand new textbook provides a complete course in forensic psychology, covering the criminal justice system, law and legislation, and treatments and outcomes for offenders. It offers rigorous coverage of the major topics: from theoretical concepts and research methods to explaining criminal acts and patterns of crime. The authors, both from leading institutions and well-known in the field, guide readers through the interlocking systems of criminal justice, mental health and social service provision, providing a deeper critical appreciation of what motivates crime and how criminal behaviour can be understood, assessed and treated. This text will be core reading for upper level undergraduates and postgraduates studying forensic psychology, either as a module on a BSc Psychology degree or on an MSc for trainee Forensic Psychologists. It will also be ideal for early career practitioners.
Download or read book Becoming Evil written by James Waller and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002-06-27 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Political or social groups wanting to commit mass murder on the basis of racial, ethnic or religious differences are never hindered by a lack of willing executioners. In Becoming Evil, social psychologist James Waller uncovers the internal and external factors that can lead ordinary people to commit extraordinary acts of evil. Waller debunks the common explanations for genocide- group think, psychopathology, unique cultures- and offers a more sophisticated and comprehensive psychological view of how anyone can potentially participate in heinous crimes against humanity. He outlines the evolutionary forces that shape human nature, the individual dispositions that are more likely to engage in acts of evil, and the context of cruelty in which these extraordinary acts can emerge. Illustrative eyewitness accounts are presented at the end of each chapter. An important new look at how evil develops, Becoming Evil will help us understand such tragedies as the Holocaust and recent terrorist events. Waller argues that by becoming more aware of the things that lead to extraordinary evil, we will be less likely to be surprised by it and less likely to be unwitting accomplices through our passivity.
Book Synopsis Religion and Genocide by : Steven Leonard Jacobs
Download or read book Religion and Genocide written by Steven Leonard Jacobs and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-10-31 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Religion and Genocide: Changing the Conversation is a cutting-edge introduction to the complex and controversial relationship between religion and genocide. This book aims to widen the reader’s understanding of religion and those who practice it, the nexus of religion and violence, and those who legitimate their violence by framing it in religious terms by looking at notions of holy wars, religious wars, and genocide and the practitioners of such. This book delves into our current thinking of ourselves as biological entities, our relationship to genocide, and the impact of geography (including climate change) and diseases on our humanity and our ability to commit genocide. Tying together all these seemingly disparate threads, this text concludes with the significant and still largely unanswered question: "Where do we go from here?". Highlighting the complex relationship between religion and genocide, this is an essential read for students and academics studying religion and violence, Judaism, Judaic studies, and holocaust and genocide studies. Religion and Genocide will also be of interest to researchers in related subjects such as history, politics, sociology, and anthropology.
Book Synopsis Military Ethics and the Changing Nature of Warfare by : Jean-Francois Caron
Download or read book Military Ethics and the Changing Nature of Warfare written by Jean-Francois Caron and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-06-12 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If war is a timeless reality of mankind, the ways and means whereby it is conducted have nonetheless evolved over time due to new technologies and innovative military strategies. For the most part, however, they have not challenged the ethical rules of warfare. The rapid rise in the use of automated weapons, the growing popularity of remotely controlled weapons, the development in soldiers’ enhancement technologies, of hybrid warfare and the impact of gender equality are all posing tremendous moral challenges affecting the traditional warrior ethos, the justification of killing and criminal responsibility. This begs the question: to what degree are the ways and means of modern warfare keeping pace with the current technological evolutions and societal values? Based upon a selection of presentations made at the 2022 annual conference of the International Society for Military Ethics in Europe (Euroisme), this book contains a variety of reflections on this question.
Book Synopsis The Killing Compartments by : Abram de Swaan
Download or read book The Killing Compartments written by Abram de Swaan and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2015-01-01 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An incisive exploration of why acts of mass annihilation take place and how people become mass killers By historical standards, the early years of the twenty-first century have been remarkably peaceful. Only rarely are people killed by their own kind, and only very, very rarely are they killed by other animals, microorganisms excepted. Nevertheless, even though the statistics should reassure, many people worry about lone killers, murderous gangs, and terrorist bands. At the same time, most people are vaguely aware that even in this relatively calm era, wars have made countless victims. Yet mass violence against unarmed civilians has claimed three to four times as many lives in the past century as war: one hundred million at least, and possibly many more. These large-scale killings have required the efforts of hundreds of thousands of perpetrators. Such men (and almost all were males) were ready to kill, indiscriminately, for many hours a day, for days and weeks at a stretch, and sometimes for months or even years. Unlike common criminals who work outside the mainstream of society, in secret, on their own or with a few accomplices, mass murderers almost always worked in large teams, with full knowledge of the authorities and on their orders. Without exception, they operated within a supportive social context, most often firmly embedded in the institutions of the ruling regime. Unlike terrorists, the mass murderers usually did not want their deeds to be widely known. How people are enrolled in the service of evil is a question that lies at the heart of this trenchant book. The subject here is mass annihilation--that is, massive, asymmetric violence at close range, where killers and victims are in direct confrontation. Abram de Swaan offers a taxonomy of mass violence that focuses on the rank-and-file perpetrators, examining how murderous regimes recruit them and create what De Swaan calls the "killing compartments" that make possible the worst abominations without apparent moral misgiving, without a sense of personal responsibility, and, above all, without pity. De Swaan wonders where extreme violence comes from and where it goes--seemingly without a trace--when the wild and barbaric gore is over. And what about the perpetrators themselves? Are they merely and only the product of external circumstance? Or is there something in their makeup that helps them become mass murderers? Drawing on a wide range of disciplines, including sociology, anthropology, political science, history, and psychology, De Swaan sheds light on an urgent and seemingly intractable pathology that continues to poison peoples all over the world.
Book Synopsis Mirrors of Destruction by : Omer Bartov
Download or read book Mirrors of Destruction written by Omer Bartov and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2000-08-24 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mirrors of Destruction examines the relationship between total war, state-organized genocide, and the emergence of modern identity. Here, Omer Bartov demonstrates that in the twentieth century there have been intimate links between military conflict, mass murder of civilian populations, and the definition and categorization of groups and individuals. These connections were most clearly manifested in the Holocaust, as the Nazis attempted to exterminate European Jewry under cover of a brutal war and with the stated goal of creating a racially pure Aryan population and Germanic empire. The Holocaust, however, can only be understood within the context of the century's predilection for applying massive and systematic methods of destruction to resolve conflicts over identity. To provide the context for the "Final Solution," Bartov examines the changing relationships between Jews and non-Jews in France and Germany from the outbreak of World War I to the present. Rather than presenting a comprehensive history, or a narrative from a single perspective, Bartov views the past century through four interrelated prisms. He begins with an analysis of the glorification of war and violence, from its modern birth in the trenches of World War I to its horrifying culmination in the presentation of genocide by the SS as a glorious undertaking. He then examines the pacifist reaction in interwar France to show how it contributed to a climate of collaboration with dictatorship and mass murder. The book goes on to argue that much of the discourse on identity throughout the century has had to do with identifying and eliminating society's "elusive enemies" or "enemies from within." Bartov concludes with an investigation of modern apocalyptic visions, showing how they have both encouraged mass destructions and opened a way for the reconstruction of individual and collective identifies after a catastrophe. Written with verve, Mirrors of Destruction is rich in interpretations and theoretical tools and provides a new framework for understanding a central trait of modern history.
Book Synopsis Emotions and Crime by : Michael Hviid Jacobsen
Download or read book Emotions and Crime written by Michael Hviid Jacobsen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-11 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In spite of the fact that crime is an emotive topic, the question of emotion has been largely overlooked in criminological research, which has tended instead to examine criminal conduct in terms of structural background variables or rational decision-making. Building on research into emotions within sociology, this book seeks to show how criminologists can in fact take emotions seriously and why criminology needs to begin considering emotions as a central element of its theoretical, conceptual and methodological apparatus. Thematically organised and presenting both empirical and theoretical studies, Emotions and Crime pays attention to the different emotional dimensions of crime, victimhood, the criminal justice system, the practice of criminological research and the discipline of criminology. Bringing together the work of an international team of authors and discussing research into violence, punishment, gender, imprisonment and mass atrocity, this volume shows how crime and emotions are inextricably connected, and illustrates both the hidden and pervasive role of emotions in criminological work.
Book Synopsis Explaining the Breakdown of Ethnic Relations by : Victoria M. Esses
Download or read book Explaining the Breakdown of Ethnic Relations written by Victoria M. Esses and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-01-26 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by an international team of renowned scholars, this volumeaddresses the multitude of factors that may lead to the deadlybreakdown of ethnic relations. The book • Draws on real-world case studies, such as Rwanda, Sudan,and the Second Palestinian Intifada • Brings together original contributions and theoreticalperspectives by a team of experts in psychology and relateddisciplines such as sociology and political science • Identifies events and processes that can break downinhibitions against violence, and lead to mass killings andgenocide • Examines explanations that must be considered in makingsense of past acts, and offers suggestions for interventions toprevent future repetitions
