The Optimal Size Of Public Spending And The Distortionary Cost Of Taxation

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The Optimal Size of Public Spending and the Distortionary Cost of Taxation

Author : Yew-Kwang Ng
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis The Optimal Size of Public Spending and the Distortionary Cost of Taxation by : Yew-Kwang Ng

Download or read book The Optimal Size of Public Spending and the Distortionary Cost of Taxation written by Yew-Kwang Ng and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feldstein (1997) reviews his and others' contributions in the distortionary costs of taxation, arriving at a remarkable estimate that the cost per incremental dollar of government spending is a very high $2.65. Kaplow (1996) argues that it is optimal to supply a public good whenever the benefit/cost ratio exceeds one, contrary to the orthodox position since Pigou (1928) that the benefits of public goods must exceed their direct costs by an amount sufficient to outweigh the distortionary costs of taxation. This paper largely reconciles these two apparently opposing positions. The large distortionary costs exist on the revenue side but is largely offset by the negative distortionary costs or distributional gain on the spending side. However, both Kaplow's and Feldstein's arguments have to be subject to important qualifications. Additional arguments relevant to the central public finance question "How big should the public spending be?" are also reviewed. The prevalence of environmental disruption effects, the existence of burden-free taxes on diamond goods, and the importance of relative-income effects all favor the lowering of the required benefit/cost ratio for public goods and, as a rule, more public spending. The reason for the difference between the existence of distortion (in comparison to a lumpsum tax) as emphasized by Browning and Liu (1998) and the unitary marginal cost of public fund is also explained graphically.

Happiness—Concept, Measurement and Promotion

Author : Yew-Kwang Ng
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9813349727
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis Happiness—Concept, Measurement and Promotion by : Yew-Kwang Ng

Download or read book Happiness—Concept, Measurement and Promotion written by Yew-Kwang Ng and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-03 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book defines happiness intuitively and explores several common conceptual mistakes with regard to happiness. It then moves on to address topical issues including, but not limited to, whether money can buy you happiness, why happiness is ultimately the only thing of intrinsic value, and the various factors important for happiness. It also presents a more reliable and interpersonally comparable method for measuring happiness and discusses twelve factors, from A to L, that are crucial for individual happiness: attitude, balance, confidence, dignity, engagement, family/friends, gratitude, health, ideals, joyfulness, kindness and love. Further, it examines important public policy considerations, taking into account recent advances in economics, the environmental sciences, and happiness studies. Novel issues discussed include: an environmentally responsible happy nation index to supplement GDP, the East Asian happiness gap, a case for stimulating pleasure centres of the brain, and an argument for higher public spending.

Evaluating Public Expenditures when Governments Must Rely on Distortionary Taxation

Author : James E. Anderson
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluating Public Expenditures when Governments Must Rely on Distortionary Taxation by : James E. Anderson

Download or read book Evaluating Public Expenditures when Governments Must Rely on Distortionary Taxation written by James E. Anderson and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Optimal Supply of Public Goods and the Distortionary Cost of Taxation

Author : Louis Kaplow
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (634 download)

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Book Synopsis The Optimal Supply of Public Goods and the Distortionary Cost of Taxation by : Louis Kaplow

Download or read book The Optimal Supply of Public Goods and the Distortionary Cost of Taxation written by Louis Kaplow and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Expansionary Austerity New International Evidence

Author : Mr.Daniel Leigh
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1455294691
Total Pages : 41 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (552 download)

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Book Synopsis Expansionary Austerity New International Evidence by : Mr.Daniel Leigh

Download or read book Expansionary Austerity New International Evidence written by Mr.Daniel Leigh and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2011-07-01 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates the short-term effects of fiscal consolidation on economic activity in OECD economies. We examine the historical record, including Budget Speeches and IMFdocuments, to identify changes in fiscal policy motivated by a desire to reduce the budget deficit and not by responding to prospective economic conditions. Using this new dataset, our estimates suggest fiscal consolidation has contractionary effects on private domestic demand and GDP. By contrast, estimates based on conventional measures of the fiscal policy stance used in the literature support the expansionary fiscal contractions hypothesis but appear to be biased toward overstating expansionary effects.

Costs of Taxation and the Benefits of Public Goods

Author : Will Martin
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 31 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Costs of Taxation and the Benefits of Public Goods by : Will Martin

Download or read book Costs of Taxation and the Benefits of Public Goods written by Will Martin and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fact that raising taxes can increase taxed labor supply through income effects is frequently used to justify much lower measures of the marginal welfare cost of taxes and greater public good provision than indicated by traditional, compensated analyses. The authors confirm that this difference remains substantial with newer elasticity estimates, but show that either compensated or uncompensated measures of the marginal cost of funds can be used to evaluate the costs of taxation-and will provide the same result-as long as the income effects of both taxes and public good provision are incorporated in a consistent manner.

Taxation, Government Spending and Economic Growth

Author : Philip Booth
Publisher : London Publishing Partnership
ISBN 13 : 025536735X
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (553 download)

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Book Synopsis Taxation, Government Spending and Economic Growth by : Philip Booth

Download or read book Taxation, Government Spending and Economic Growth written by Philip Booth and published by London Publishing Partnership. This book was released on 2016-11-01 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amidst the debates about ‘austerity’ a number of vital debates in public finance have been sidelined. Because the reductions in government spending – small though they have been so far- have been designed to reduce the government’s borrowing requirement, there has been little discussion of whether the size of the state should be reduced in order to facilitate long-run reductions in the burden of taxation. This book traces the history of the growth of the size of the state over the last 100 years whilst also making international comparisons. There is a particular focus on recent and projected future developments which shows that, though the total level of government spending has not decreased significantly in recent years, there has been a big redirection of spending from some areas to others. The authors then examine the evidence on the relationship between taxation and economic growth. As well as reviewing recent literature, they also undertake new modelling that higher taxes are detrimental for growth. In the final part of the book, the whole UK tax system is reconsidered in a proper economic framework. The UK has one of the world’s most complex tax systems and its incoherence has increased over the last five years. Sweeping reforms are proposed to the system which wold involve abolishing around 20 taxes and the development of a simple, predictable tax system based on principles that should gain wide acceptance.

A Study in Public Finance

Author : A. C. Pigou
Publisher : Read Books Ltd
ISBN 13 : 1447487869
Total Pages : 357 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (474 download)

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Book Synopsis A Study in Public Finance by : A. C. Pigou

Download or read book A Study in Public Finance written by A. C. Pigou and published by Read Books Ltd. This book was released on 2013-03-06 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This antiquarian book contains a comprehensive treatise on the topic of public finance, with information on taxation, employment, wages, and much more. This is a text that will be of considerable utility to those with an interest in the history and development of modern economical practices, and will make for a valuable addition to collections of allied literature. The chapters of this book include: 'Principles of Compensation', 'Non-transfer and Transfer Expenditures by Government Authorities', 'The Finance of Business Undertakings Operated by Public Authorities', 'The Range Of Government Expenditure', 'The Place of Loans Other than War Loans in Public Finance', and more. We are republishing this volume now in an affordable, modern edition complete with a specially commissioned biography of Arthur Cecil Pigou.

The Costs of Taxation and the Marginal Cost of Funds

Author : Mr.Joel Slemrod
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451954549
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis The Costs of Taxation and the Marginal Cost of Funds by : Mr.Joel Slemrod

Download or read book The Costs of Taxation and the Marginal Cost of Funds written by Mr.Joel Slemrod and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1995-08-01 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is argued that taxation causes three kinds of deadweight losses and two types of direct costs. The deadweight losses arise from substitution, evasion, and avoidance activities while the direct costs are administrative and compliance costs. Some of these social costs tend to be discontinuous and/or nonconvex. Because most models of taxation ignore some components of the social costs of taxation, their conclusions cannot be of a general nature. An alternative approach to policy evaluation is to rely on a marginal efficiency cost of funds rule which can indicate appropriate directions of reforms. The paper discusses its merits, applicability, and limitations, as well as its relationship to other concepts.

Urban Public Finance

Author : D. Wildasin
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136473033
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (364 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Public Finance by : D. Wildasin

Download or read book Urban Public Finance written by D. Wildasin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-05 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers such issues as the effect of local government policies on migration, the optimal size of cities, tax and expenditure capitalization, the economics of intergovernmental transfers, tax exporting and tax competition.

The Theory of Taxation and Public Economics

Author : Louis Kaplow
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 069114821X
Total Pages : 494 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis The Theory of Taxation and Public Economics by : Louis Kaplow

Download or read book The Theory of Taxation and Public Economics written by Louis Kaplow and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2010-12-05 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Theory of Taxation and Public Economics presents a unified conceptual framework for analyzing taxation--the first to be systematically developed in several decades. An original treatment of the subject rather than a textbook synthesis, the book contains new analysis that generates novel results, including some that overturn long-standing conventional wisdom. This fresh approach should change thinking, research, and teaching for decades to come. Building on the work of James Mirrlees, Anthony Atkinson and Joseph Stiglitz, and subsequent researchers, and in the spirit of classics by A. C. Pigou, William Vickrey, and Richard Musgrave, this book steps back from particular lines of inquiry to consider the field as a whole, including the relationships among different fiscal instruments. Louis Kaplow puts forward a framework that makes it possible to rigorously examine both distributive and distortionary effects of particular policies despite their complex interactions with others. To do so, various reforms--ranging from commodity or estate and gift taxation to regulation and public goods provision--are combined with a distributively offsetting adjustment to the income tax. The resulting distribution-neutral reform package holds much constant while leaving in play the distinctive effects of the policy instrument under consideration. By applying this common methodology to disparate subjects, The Theory of Taxation and Public Economics produces significant cross-fertilization and yields solutions to previously intractable problems.

Tax Expenditures in OECD Countries

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264076905
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Tax Expenditures in OECD Countries by : OECD

Download or read book Tax Expenditures in OECD Countries written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2010-01-05 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sheds light on the use of tax expenditures, mainly through a study of ten OECD countries: Canada, France, Germany, Japan, Korea, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States. It highlights key trends and successful practices.

Handbook of Computable General Equilibrium Modeling

Author : Peter B. Dixon
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 0444536353
Total Pages : 1143 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Computable General Equilibrium Modeling by : Peter B. Dixon

Download or read book Handbook of Computable General Equilibrium Modeling written by Peter B. Dixon and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-11-14 with total page 1143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this collection of 17 articles, top scholars synthesize and analyze scholarship on this widely used tool of policy analysis, setting forth its accomplishments, difficulties, and means of implementation. Though CGE modeling does not play a prominent role in top US graduate schools, it is employed universally in the development of economic policy. This collection is particularly important because it presents a history of modeling applications and examines competing points of view. Presents coherent summaries of CGE theories that inform major model types Covers the construction of CGE databases, model solving, and computer-assisted interpretation of results Shows how CGE modeling has made a contribution to economic policy

How Big Should Our Government Be?

Author : Jon Bakija
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520962818
Total Pages : 219 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis How Big Should Our Government Be? by : Jon Bakija

Download or read book How Big Should Our Government Be? written by Jon Bakija and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2016-06-21 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The size of government is arguably the most controversial discussion in United States politics, and this issue won't fade from prominence any time soon. There must surely be a tipping point beyond which more government taxing and spending harms the economy, but where is that point? In this accessible book, best-selling authors Jeff Madrick, Jon Bakija, Lane Kenworthy, and Peter Lindert try to answer whether our government can grow any larger and examine how we can optimize growth and fair distribution.

Fiscal Management

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821361429
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Fiscal Management by : World Bank

Download or read book Fiscal Management written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accountability of government to citizens is the foundation for good governance. Unfortunately, many developing countries suffer the results of dysfunctional governance systems that fail to provide even minimal levels of vital public services. The key message of the New Institutional Economics is that incentives matter. In the public sphere, the countries' accountability frameworks rewards, sanctions, and measurement of performance shape public sector performance. This book applies this fundamental insight to fiscal/budgetary analysis and public service delivery, giving the reader tools and around the globe examples of institutional arrangements that help citizens hold government accountable for their performance.

The Marginal Cost of Public Funds

Author : Bev Dahlby
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262292319
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)

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Book Synopsis The Marginal Cost of Public Funds by : Bev Dahlby

Download or read book The Marginal Cost of Public Funds written by Bev Dahlby and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2008-04-25 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unified treatment of the marginal cost of public funds, covering both its theoretical foundations and how the MCF concept can be used to analyze tax policy issues. The marginal cost of public funds (MCF) measures the loss incurred by society in raising additional revenues to finance government spending. The MCF has emerged as one of the most important concepts in public economics; it is a key component in evaluations of tax reforms, public expenditure programs, and other public policies. The Marginal Cost of Public Funds provides a unified treatment of the MCF, carefully developing its theoretical foundations in a variety of contexts and describing its application to a wide range of policies—from excise taxes in Thailand to public sector borrowing in Canada and the United States. The Marginal Cost of Public Funds develops the basic theory of the MCF within the framework of public economics and shows how it is related to the traditional measures of the efficiency loss from distortionary taxation. The MCF concept is then applied to the major sources of revenues for governments—sales and excise taxes, taxes on labor income, taxes on the return to capital, public sector borrowing, and intergovernmental grants. This book will be an essential reference for economists and public policy analysts both in and out of government. Exercises and recommendations for further reading at the end of each main chapter highlight its usefulness as a supplementary text in advanced undergraduate or graduate courses in public economics.

Brazil: Tax Expenditure Rationalization Within Broader Tax Reform

Author : Maria Delgado Coelho
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513596624
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Brazil: Tax Expenditure Rationalization Within Broader Tax Reform by : Maria Delgado Coelho

Download or read book Brazil: Tax Expenditure Rationalization Within Broader Tax Reform written by Maria Delgado Coelho and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-09-24 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The excessive complexity and burden of the Brazilian tax system, riddled by cumulative indirect taxes and heavy payroll contributions, have led to an accumulation of fiscal incentives aimed at reducing its burden on taxpayers and productive activities. Federal and subnational tax expenditures currently stand at over 5 percent of GDP. Rationalizing them can only be comprehensively feasible in the context of a broader sequenced tax reform, and could reduce resource misallocation and income inequality, as well as provide new revenues.