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The New Look At The Earths Climate Mechanism
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Book Synopsis The new look at the Earth's climate mechanism by : Bogdan Góralski
Download or read book The new look at the Earth's climate mechanism written by Bogdan Góralski and published by Bogdan Góralski. This book was released on 2019-07-27 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is the Earth's climate getting warmer? My research shows that indeed the atmosphere and hydrosphere of the northern hemisphere warmed up during XIX-XXI centuries but the southern hemisphere getting colder. However, this warming of the northern hemisphere is not caused by excessive carbon dioxide emission caused by the developing human civilization, but is caused by the gravitational-magnetic influences of the Solar System on the rotating Earth as a result of which the outer layer of the Earth's rotates. Being in the move the Earth's coating changes its position relative to the ecliptic plane and along with its movement, over surface of the Earth's, is the shift of the zones of life-giving rainfalls that are stable relative to ecliptic plane. This results in a global economic and social events in the form of regional crises in areas affected by the drought or excessive precipitation. Physical phenomena related to the movement of the Earth's coating and evidence of the occurrence of this phenomenon are presented in the following work. My theory about the movement of the earth's coating is confirmed by the book of Charles Hapgood (1957) entitled "Earth's Shifting Crust" to which the foreword was written by Albert Einstein link: https://archive.org/stream/eathsshiftingcru033562mbp/eathsshiftingcru033562mbp_djvu.txt Jakuszowice, 27 July 2019, 15: 10 Bogdan Góralski
Book Synopsis Climate Change by : The Royal Society
Download or read book Climate Change written by The Royal Society and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-02-26 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate Change: Evidence and Causes is a jointly produced publication of The US National Academy of Sciences and The Royal Society. Written by a UK-US team of leading climate scientists and reviewed by climate scientists and others, the publication is intended as a brief, readable reference document for decision makers, policy makers, educators, and other individuals seeking authoritative information on the some of the questions that continue to be asked. Climate Change makes clear what is well-established and where understanding is still developing. It echoes and builds upon the long history of climate-related work from both national academies, as well as on the newest climate-change assessment from the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. It touches on current areas of active debate and ongoing research, such as the link between ocean heat content and the rate of warming.
Book Synopsis How to Avoid a Climate Disaster by : Bill Gates
Download or read book How to Avoid a Climate Disaster written by Bill Gates and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2021-02-16 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: #1 NEW YORK TIMES BEST SELLER • In this urgent, authoritative book, Bill Gates sets out a wide-ranging, practical—and accessible—plan for how the world can get to zero greenhouse gas emissions in time to avoid a climate catastrophe. Bill Gates has spent a decade investigating the causes and effects of climate change. With the help of experts in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, engineering, political science, and finance, he has focused on what must be done in order to stop the planet's slide to certain environmental disaster. In this book, he not only explains why we need to work toward net-zero emissions of greenhouse gases, but also details what we need to do to achieve this profoundly important goal. He gives us a clear-eyed description of the challenges we face. Drawing on his understanding of innovation and what it takes to get new ideas into the market, he describes the areas in which technology is already helping to reduce emissions, where and how the current technology can be made to function more effectively, where breakthrough technologies are needed, and who is working on these essential innovations. Finally, he lays out a concrete, practical plan for achieving the goal of zero emissions—suggesting not only policies that governments should adopt, but what we as individuals can do to keep our government, our employers, and ourselves accountable in this crucial enterprise. As Bill Gates makes clear, achieving zero emissions will not be simple or easy to do, but if we follow the plan he sets out here, it is a goal firmly within our reach.
Book Synopsis THE CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF THE EARTH’S CLIMATE CHANGES by : Bogdan Jacek Góralski
Download or read book THE CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF THE EARTH’S CLIMATE CHANGES written by Bogdan Jacek Góralski and published by Bogdan Jacek Góralski. This book was released on 2023-03-22 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I dedicate my book to people who are hungry for knowledge, who will build the future world and achieve the goal of evolution
Book Synopsis The new climate change theory by : Bogdan Jacek Góralski
Download or read book The new climate change theory written by Bogdan Jacek Góralski and published by Bogdan Góralski. This book was released on 2021-11-08 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New climatic theory The temperature of the interior of Earth is sustained by the constant friction between the COATING of Earth and its LIQUID CORE. The coating of Earth, consisting of the crust and the upper mantle, is rotating under the influence of the alternating impact of the solar system and is rubbing against a liquid, metallic Earth's outer core, which is a spherical sliding surface for Earth's coating. The solid metallic inner core of Earth is in the grip of the magnetic field of the Sun, which alternates according to the pulse of gravity within the solar system. We see that the movements of the masses within Earth's geoid are coupled with internal interactions within the solar system, which are also subject to the influence of our galaxy. Changes in Earth's climate (which are dependent mainly on the heating of its surface) are evidence that Earth's coating moves in relation to its core. Climate change resulting from the tilt of the globe in relation to the Sun causes the succession of the seasons. On top of this are circular movements of Earth's coating caused by gravitational forces in 2 the Solar System. Movements of the coating are mirrored by the changes in the position of magnetic poles, which are fixed in their location against the Sun. Throughout the duration of several thousand years, the magnetic poles travel seemingly on the moving surface of Earth along a curve surrounding the geographical poles. Deviations of the north magnetic pole from the north geographic pole reach over twenty degrees of latitude, i.e., approximately 2500km, and change over time (probably) on a regular basis, ie. determined by cyclical interactions within the solar system. The research of paleomagnetism show deviation of the northern magnetic pole from the north geographic pole (the axis of rotation of Earth) mirrors the movements of Earth's coating in relation to the Sun. Sometimes the movement of the Earth's coating reaches the extent that magnetic poles reverse themselves. Movements of Earth's coating change the moment of inertia of the Earth, which causes the variation of the speed of rotation. An increase in the speed of rotation of Earth was observed during the moments when the northern magnetic pole was crossing near the north geographic pole, and vice versa, ie. for example, around the year AD 1600. I suppose that this reflects the variability of the Earth's coating movement in relation to its center of gravity and in relation to the Sun. Deviations over twenty degrees latitude of the northern magnetic pole NMP- from the north geographic pole, and the apparent circular motion of NMP around the geographic pole, mirror the moves of Earth's coating, which cause regional changes in Earth's climate. The width of climatic zones designated by the seasons on Earth's surface reaches about 5 to 20 degrees latitude. Related to these zones, rainy and dry climates, which are dependent on latitude and insolation, move along the surface of Earth, together with Earth's coating movements, which are cyclical relative to the Sun. If the coating of Earth moves about 2500 km, which is about 20 degrees latitude, climate zones shift respectively. In such a case, a given region of Earth can experience a dry season instead of a rainy season, and vice versa. For example, the shift of precipitation from summer to winter, observed in Iran for the past several thousand years, is one of the results of the movement of Earth's coating. Earth is flattened at the poles, and when Earth's coating rotates, this flattening moves closer to the equator. That is when the moment of inertia of Earth's rotation increases 3 and its speed of rotation decreases. When Earth's coating returns to its equilibrium position (which is when both magnetic and geographic poles are next to each other), the speed of Earth's rotation increases because the moment of inertia decreases. There was an increase in the frequency of earthquakes in the Mediterranean and in Poland during periods of large shifts of Earth's coating, i.e., up to 7000km in the years AD 250-700 and 1250-1860. Currently, the magnetic pole moves eastward toward the geographic pole, increasing the speed of Earth's rotation. This demonstrates that Earth's coating is returning to the equilibrium position. What will be the next moves of the magnetic pole and Earth's coating, and what will they bring? Cyclical waves of growth in the number of earthquakes in the Mediterranean and Poland observed in the period 750 BC to AD 2000 confirm the movements of Earth's coating. The number of earthquakes rises when the Mediterranean region moves closer to the equator, where the tectonic stress is increased. This is exactly what we are currently observing in Italy. The ceaseless movement of Earth's coating, causing cyclical and regional climate changes, causes the birth, rise, and fall of civilizations and empires developing from east to west (in agreement with the movement of Earth's coating and climate zones) in the history of Indo-European and Asian civilizations. Other consequences of the cyclical movement of the coating of Earth are described in the available online Polish book entitled "Historia naturalna i zmiany klimatu". Warsaw, November, 11th 2016 20:12 Bogdan Jacek Góralski
Book Synopsis If Indo-Europeans survive contemporary global crisis? by : Bogdan Góralski
Download or read book If Indo-Europeans survive contemporary global crisis? written by Bogdan Góralski and published by Bogdan Góralski. This book was released on 2021-05-03 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cosmos, and with it the solar system, through its physical interaction, shapes the fate of the inhabitants of the Earth and their civilization. I have described this in my publications available on OPEN ACCESS on the Internet, and in the following book, I confirm it once again. Physico-chemical processes (including climatic processes) of our planet's environment are controlled by the closer and further influence of the space environment. The changing physicochemical environments (including climate changes) of our planet influencing biological creatures to shape the evolving culture of human civilizations. The defective view of the world promoted in the era of exposing the biological of the human mind contained in the statement "being shapes consciousness" is supplemented by "And consciousness shapes being". The evolution of human knowledge, supported recently by information resources stored on the Internet, allows us to conclude that the universe is filled with a life shaped by the cosmos, and in response, the evolution of biological life shapes the cosmic environment. This sentence: "being shapes consciousness and consciousness shapes being" contains my concept of the functioning of the constantly renewing cosmic environment in which the evolution of biological beings is inscribed. The end of the evolution of biological beings is the creation of a virtual environment in which a new star system will be created, giving life to a virtual biological environment so that energy can be reproduced. The world is composed of interpenetrating and interacting parallel virtual realities that create the energy resources of the Universe. In the first part of the book entitled The Solar System shapes the climate of the Earth’…7 , I describe how the interactions of the Solar System and the Milky Way shape the Earth's climate and the Earth's lithosphere. In the second part of the book entitled The civilization results of climate change…120, I describe how climate change is shaping Earth's cultural systems as human knowledge unfolds. It is necessary to return to the knowledge and beliefs of antiquity to understand the modern world and reconcile different nations. Only peace and reconciliation between people are capable of ensuring the further fruitful evolution of the world. In the last third part of the book entitled The Third Way between capitalism and communism…389, I described the actions that need to be taken for the human world to turn into a harmonious environment enabling the realization of the goal of our evolution - restoring the energy that gave us life, i.e. recreating the virtual solar system and life in it. Warsaw, April 21, 2021, 3:10 Bogdan Góralski Rozdział 1 Wstęp Kosmos, a z nim Układ Słoneczny przez swoje fizyczne oddziaływanie kształtuje losy mieszkańców Ziemi i ich cywilizacji. Opisałem to w moich publikacjach dostępnych OPEN ACCESS w Internecie i w poniższej książce potwierdzam to raz jeszcze. Procesy fizyko-chemiczne (a w tym również procesy klimatyczne) środowiska naszej planety są sterowane przez bliższe i dalsze oddziaływanie środowiska kosmicznego. Zmienne środowiska fizyko-chemiczne ( a w tym zmiany klimatu) naszej planety oddziałując na istoty biologiczne kształtuje ewoluującą kulturę min. ludzkich cywilizacji. Wadliwy pogląd na świat lansowany w epoce eksponowania znaczenia biologicznego umysłu ludzkiego zawarty w twierdzeniu „byt kształtuje świadomość” uzupełniam dopełnieniem „a świadomość kształtuje byt”. Ewolucja ludzkiej wiedzy, wspomagana ostatnio przez zasoby informacji zgromadzone w Internecie pozwala stwierdzić, że Wszechświat jest wypełniony życiem kształtowanym przez Kosmos, a w odpowiedzi ewolucja życia biologicznego kształtuje środowisko kosmiczne. W tym zdaniu: „byt kształtuje świadomość a świadomość kształtuje byt” zawarta jest moja koncepcja funkcjonowania ciągle odnawiającego się środowiska kosmicznego w które jest wpisana ewolucja biologicznych istot. Finałem ewolucji biologicznych istot jest stworzenie środowiska wirtualnego w którym powstanie nowy system gwiazdowy dający życie wirtualnemu środowisku biologicznemu po to by energia mogła się odtwarzać. Świat jest złożony z przenikających się i oddziałujących na siebie równoległych wirtualnych rzeczywistości tworzących zasoby energetyczne Wszechświata. W pierwszej części książki zatytułowanej The Solar System shapes the climate of the Earth’s… , opisuję jak interakcje Układu Słonecznego i Drogi Mlecznej kształtują klimat ziemski i ziemską litosferę. W drugiej części książki zatytułowanej The civilization results of climate change…120, opisuję jak zmiany klimatyczne kształtują ziemskie systemy kulturowe ewoluujące razem z rozwojem zasobów wiedzy ludzkiej. Trzeba wrócić do wiedzy i wierzeń antyku aby zrozumieć współczesny świat i pojednać różne nacje. Tylko pokój i pojednanie między ludźmi jest zdolne do zapewnienia dalszej owocnej ewolucji świata. W ostatniej trzeciej części książki zatytułowanej The Third Way between capitalism and communism zawarłem opis działań, które trzeba wykonać aby ludzki świat zamienił się harmonijne środowisko umożliwiające zrealizowanie celu naszej ewolucji – odtworzenie energii, która dała nam życie tj. odtworzenie wirtualnego Systemu Słonecznego i życia w nim. Warszawa, dnia 21 kwietnia 2021 roku, godzina 3:10 Bogdan Góralski
Book Synopsis The Natural History and Climate Change by : Bogdan Jacek Góralski
Download or read book The Natural History and Climate Change written by Bogdan Jacek Góralski and published by Bogdan Góralski. This book was released on 2021-07-16 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My research and work on a book entitled Natural history and climate change lasted over twenty years. I used in it all the academic knowledge acquired during geological studies and twenty years of complex reflections on the causes and effects of climate change and the experience of a life rich in events. You will forgive me for repeating myself in the text, but it has arisen from many separate articles written during these independent studies. I combined them into one whole by conveying my knowledge and showing that science allows us today to look into the most complicated problems of our existence. The knowledge accumulated and available in the Libraries; the Internet enables independent study in which only research passion, luck, and some free time are needed. Fortunately, fate gave me generously these gifts. If my book arouses interest and becomes a publishing success, scientific research will be an excellent incentive for well-educated average bread eaters. My book signals research issues mainly from three scientific disciplines: philosophy, history, and climatology, but also affects sociological, geological and geophysical, oceanology, agricultural, economic, demographic, political, and many other issues. In this work, I used the research of many Polish scholars and the result of other nations. I tried to show respect for the authors, quoting numerous quotes, because, without their tedious research work, I would not prove my thesis. The proper arrangement of the passages indicates the direction of my thinking about the problems being developed. The enormous extent of the subject matter has forced me to think of shortcuts not to bore readers with extensive arguments. I try to show the problems facing science, and I hope that I will arouse the interest of researchers in the amount of work to do that awaits them. When culture and science are approaching, I do not present a different perspective by believing in the self-preservation instinct of the world’s elites, who may “take a look” at my work. It remains to me that the average Kowalski-Smith will get through the sea of facts quoted in my book. I hope that they will bring the desired impression and bring us rescue. The rescue will be organized activities of the world community of scholars who know that ordinary people will not cope with the imminent climatic cataclysm without them. Jakuszowice, 16 July 2021. Bogdan Góralski
Download or read book Gaia written by James Lovelock and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gaia, in which James Lovelock puts forward his inspirational and controversial idea that the Earth functions as a single organism, with life influencing planetary processes to form a self-regulating system aiding its own survival, is now a classic work that continues to provoke heated scientific debate.
Book Synopsis Earth's Climate Response to a Changing Sun by : Katja Matthes
Download or read book Earth's Climate Response to a Changing Sun written by Katja Matthes and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For centuries, scientists have been fascinated by the role of the Sun in the Earth's climate system. Recent discoveries, outlined in this book, have gradually unveiled a complex picture, in which our variable Sun affects the climate variability via a number of subtle pathways, the implications of which are only now becoming clear. This handbook provides the scientifically curious, from undergraduate students to policy makers with a complete and accessible panorama of our present understanding of the Sun-climate connection. 61 experts from different communities have contributed to it, which reflects the highly multidisciplinary nature of this topic. The handbook is organised as a mosaic of short chapters, each of which addresses a specific aspect, and can be read independently. The reader will learn about the assumptions, the data, the models, and the unknowns behind each mechanism by which solar variability may impact climate variability. None of these mechanisms can adequately explain global warming observed since the 1950s. However, several of them do impact climate variability, in particular on a regional level. This handbook aims at addressing these issues in a factual way, and thereby challenge the reader to sharpen his/her critical thinking in a debate that is frequently distorted by unfounded claims.
Book Synopsis Abrupt Climate Change by : National Research Council
Download or read book Abrupt Climate Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-04-23 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The climate record for the past 100,000 years clearly indicates that the climate system has undergone periodic-and often extreme-shifts, sometimes in as little as a decade or less. The causes of abrupt climate changes have not been clearly established, but the triggering of events is likely to be the result of multiple natural processes. Abrupt climate changes of the magnitude seen in the past would have far-reaching implications for human society and ecosystems, including major impacts on energy consumption and water supply demands. Could such a change happen again? Are human activities exacerbating the likelihood of abrupt climate change? What are the potential societal consequences of such a change? Abrupt Climate Change: Inevitable Surprises looks at the current scientific evidence and theoretical understanding to describe what is currently known about abrupt climate change, including patterns and magnitudes, mechanisms, and probability of occurrence. It identifies critical knowledge gaps concerning the potential for future abrupt changes, including those aspects of change most important to society and economies, and outlines a research strategy to close those gaps. Based on the best and most current research available, this book surveys the history of climate change and makes a series of specific recommendations for the future.
Book Synopsis Climate Intervention by : National Research Council
Download or read book Climate Intervention written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-06-23 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growing problem of changing environmental conditions caused by climate destabilization is well recognized as one of the defining issues of our time. The root problem is greenhouse gas emissions, and the fundamental solution is curbing those emissions. Climate geoengineering has often been considered to be a "last-ditch" response to climate change, to be used only if climate change damage should produce extreme hardship. Although the likelihood of eventually needing to resort to these efforts grows with every year of inaction on emissions control, there is a lack of information on these ways of potentially intervening in the climate system. As one of a two-book report, this volume of Climate Intervention discusses albedo modification - changing the fraction of incoming solar radiation that reaches the surface. This approach would deliberately modify the energy budget of Earth to produce a cooling designed to compensate for some of the effects of warming associated with greenhouse gas increases. The prospect of large-scale albedo modification raises political and governance issues at national and global levels, as well as ethical concerns. Climate Intervention: Reflecting Sunlight to Cool Earth discusses some of the social, political, and legal issues surrounding these proposed techniques. It is far easier to modify Earth's albedo than to determine whether it should be done or what the consequences might be of such an action. One serious concern is that such an action could be unilaterally undertaken by a small nation or smaller entity for its own benefit without international sanction and regardless of international consequences. Transparency in discussing this subject is critical. In the spirit of that transparency, Climate Intervention: Reflecting Sunlight to Cool Earth was based on peer-reviewed literature and the judgments of the authoring committee; no new research was done as part of this study and all data and information used are from entirely open sources. By helping to bring light to this topic area, this book will help leaders to be far more knowledgeable about the consequences of albedo modification approaches before they face a decision whether or not to use them.
Download or read book Gaia written by J. E. Lovelock and published by Oxford Paperbacks. This book was released on 2000-09-28 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This classic work is reissued with a new preface by the author. Written for non-scientists the idea is put forward that life on Earth functions as a single organism.
Download or read book Global Warming written by Ernesto Zedillo and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2008-08-01 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Brookings Institution Press and Yale Center for the Study of Globalization publication The latest report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reflects the growing international consensus that the earth's climate is being changed by anthropogenic greenhouse gasses. Evidence presented by the IPCC and others points to the potential for increasingly dangerous weather, new disease outbreaks, regional water shortages, the loss of habitat and species, and other disturbing developments that could have profound social and economic impacts. Opinions on what should be done, however, remain sharply divided within and among countries. Though monumental in its efforts, the Kyoto Protocol has left much to be agreed upon and achieved, with the world's largest emitter of carbon dioxide—the United States—rejecting it. In Global Warming: Looking Beyond Kyoto, some of the best-known and respected authorities in climate policy provide a comprehensive agenda for global collective action. Representing both industrialized and developing nations, the contributors present a thought-provoking examination of the economic, social, and political context of climate policy within their countries. With Kyoto's emissions targets set to expire in 2012, these authors call for a multilateral approach that goes beyond the mitigation-focused Kyoto policies, balancing them with strategies for adaptation. They also stress the importance of generating policies that work within a time frame commensurate with that of climate change itself. Informed, insightful, and even-handed, this book gives a new impetus to the increasingly important global climate policy debate. Contributors include R.K. Pachauri (Energy Resources Institute and the IPCC), Richard S. Lindzen (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Stefan Rahmstorf (Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research), Stephen H. Schneider and Thomas Heller (Stanford University), Robert Mendelsohn and William D. Nordhaus (Yale University), Gernot Klepper and Sonja Peterson (Kiel Institute for World Economics), Robert N. Stavins (Harvard University), Alexander Golub (Environmental Defense), Howard Dalton (U.K. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), John Stone (Carleton University, Ottawa), Jyoti Parikh (Integrated Research and Action for Development), and Shen Longhai (China Energy Conservation Association)
Book Synopsis Encyclopaedia Britannica by : Hugh Chisholm
Download or read book Encyclopaedia Britannica written by Hugh Chisholm and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 1090 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eleventh edition was developed during the encyclopaedia's transition from a British to an American publication. Some of its articles were written by the best-known scholars of the time and it is considered to be a landmark encyclopaedia for scholarship and literary style.
Book Synopsis The Evolution of Earth's Climate by : J. O. Robertson
Download or read book The Evolution of Earth's Climate written by J. O. Robertson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-07-03 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a group of the most experienced and well-known environmental engineers in the world, from a unique perspective, this volume explores the hot-button issue of climate change, its causes, and the future of the planet. Climate change is one of the most controversial and argued issues in the world today, and it has been for years. It has been politicized by politicians on all sides, some scientists have used the study of it for their own material gain above true scientific discovery, and some scientific theories surrounding it have been believed even though proven false. But there is not, by any means, complete agreement among all scientists throughout the world on this issue. Written by two of the world's most well-respected environmental and petroleum engineers, this book is meant to be one voice in the scientific literature on this important subject. Other books, also available from Wiley-Scrivener, take the opposite stance, but it is important, in our scientific journey, to listen to all voices and rely on facts, rather than opinions. We trust the reader to make his or her decisions based on all of the facts, and not just some of them.
Book Synopsis Advancing the Science of Climate Change by : National Research Council
Download or read book Advancing the Science of Climate Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-01-10 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change is occurring, is caused largely by human activities, and poses significant risks for-and in many cases is already affecting-a broad range of human and natural systems. The compelling case for these conclusions is provided in Advancing the Science of Climate Change, part of a congressionally requested suite of studies known as America's Climate Choices. While noting that there is always more to learn and that the scientific process is never closed, the book shows that hypotheses about climate change are supported by multiple lines of evidence and have stood firm in the face of serious debate and careful evaluation of alternative explanations. As decision makers respond to these risks, the nation's scientific enterprise can contribute through research that improves understanding of the causes and consequences of climate change and also is useful to decision makers at the local, regional, national, and international levels. The book identifies decisions being made in 12 sectors, ranging from agriculture to transportation, to identify decisions being made in response to climate change. Advancing the Science of Climate Change calls for a single federal entity or program to coordinate a national, multidisciplinary research effort aimed at improving both understanding and responses to climate change. Seven cross-cutting research themes are identified to support this scientific enterprise. In addition, leaders of federal climate research should redouble efforts to deploy a comprehensive climate observing system, improve climate models and other analytical tools, invest in human capital, and improve linkages between research and decisions by forming partnerships with action-oriented programs.
Download or read book Climate Change written by Chip Fletcher and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-10-30 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces climate change fundamentals and essential concepts that reveal the extent of the damage, the impacts felt around the globe, and the innovation and leadership it will take to bring an end to the status quo. Emphasizing peer-reviewed literature, this text details the impact of climate change on land and sea, the water cycle, human communities, the weather, and humanity’s collective future. Coverage of greenhouse gases, oceanic and atmospheric processes, Pleistocene and Holocene paleoclimate, sea levels, and other fundamental topics provide a deep understanding of key mechanisms, while discussion of extreme weather, economic impacts, and resource scarcity reveals how climate change is already impacting people’s lives—and will continue to do so at an increasing rate for the foreseeable future.
