The Komedie Stamboel

Download The Komedie Stamboel PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Ohio University Press
ISBN 13 : 0896802469
Total Pages : 497 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (968 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Komedie Stamboel by : Matthew Isaac Cohen

Download or read book The Komedie Stamboel written by Matthew Isaac Cohen and published by Ohio University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originating in 1891 in the Port City of Surabaya, the Komedie Stamboel, or Istanbul-style theater, toured colonial Indonesia, Singapore, and Malaysia by rail and steamship.

Indonesia

Download Indonesia PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Institute of Southeast Asian Studies
ISBN 13 : 9812303669
Total Pages : 664 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (123 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Indonesia by : Taufik Abdullah

Download or read book Indonesia written by Taufik Abdullah and published by Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. This book was released on 2009 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book traces the beginning of the process of nation-formation, the struggle for independence, the hopeful beginning of the new nation-state of Indonesia only to be followed by hard and difficult ways to remain true to the ideals of independence. In the process Indonesia with its sprawling archipelago and its multi-ethnic and multi-religious nation has to undergo various types of crisis and internal conflicts, but the ideals that have been nurtured since the beginning when a new nation began to be visualized remain intact. Some changes in the interpretation may have taken place and some deviations here and there can be noticed but the literal meaning of the ideals continues to be the guiding light. In short this is a history of a nation in the continuing effort to retain the ideals of its existence.

New Perspectives on Arabian Nights

Download New Perspectives on Arabian Nights PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317983920
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis New Perspectives on Arabian Nights by : Wen-chin Ouyang

Download or read book New Perspectives on Arabian Nights written by Wen-chin Ouyang and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-02-04 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adopting a multi-disciplinary approach, this comparative study of a selection of The Arabian Nights stories in a cross-cultural context, brings together a number of disciplines and subject areas to examine the workings of narrative. It predominantly focuses on the ways in which the Arabian Nights have transformed as its stories have travelled across historical eras, cultures, genres and media. Departing from the familiar approaches of influence and textual studies, this book locates its central inquiry in the theoretical questions surrounding the workings of ideology, genre and genre ideology in shaping and transforming stories. The ten essays included in this volume respond to a general question, ‘what can the transformation of Nights stories in their travels tell us about narrative and storytelling, and their function in a particular culture?’ Following a Nights story in its travels from past to present, from Middle East to Europe and from literature to film, the book engages in close comparative analyses of ideological variations found in a variety of texts. These analyses allow new modes of reading texts and make it possible to breach new horizons for thinking about narrative. This Book was previously published as a special issue of Middle Eastern Literatures entitled Ideological Variations and Narrative Horizons: New Perspectives on Arabian Nights.

Lost Times and Untold Tales from the Malay World

Download Lost Times and Untold Tales from the Malay World PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : NUS Press
ISBN 13 : 9789971694548
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (945 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Lost Times and Untold Tales from the Malay World by : Jan van der Putten

Download or read book Lost Times and Untold Tales from the Malay World written by Jan van der Putten and published by NUS Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together a group of international scholars, inspired by the scholarly perspective of Australian philologist Ian Proudfoot, who look at calendars and time, royal myths, colonial expeditions, printing, propaganda, theater, art, Islamic manuscripts, and many more aspects of Malayan history.

Chewing Over the West

Download Chewing Over the West PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Rodopi
ISBN 13 : 9042027835
Total Pages : 439 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Chewing Over the West by : Doris Jedamski

Download or read book Chewing Over the West written by Doris Jedamski and published by Rodopi. This book was released on 2009 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The orientation of academic institutions has in recent years been moving away from highly specialized area studies in the classical sense towards broader regional and comparative studies. Cultural studies points to the limitation of Western approaches to non-Western cultures - a development not yet reflected in actual research and data collections. Bringing together scholars from all over the world with specialized knowledge in both Western and non-Western languages, literatures, and cultures, this collection of essays provides new insights into the agency of non-Western literatures in relation to the West - a term used with critical caution and, like other common binary dualisms, challenged here. Inter-cultural expertise, seldom applied in the combination of Asian, African, and 'oriental' perspectives, makes this compilation of essays an important contribution to the study of colonialism and postcoloniality. Topics covered include postcolonial Arabic writing; T.S. Eliot in contemporary Arabic poetry; Algerian (and Berber) literature; the English language and narratives in Kenyan art; characterization, dialogism, gender and Western infuence in modern Hindi fiction; Naya drama in India; modern Burmese theatre and literature under Western influence; Remarque's All Quiet on the Western Front and the Vietnamese Novel Without a Name; Western Marxism and vernacular literature in colonial Indonesia; hybridity in Komedi Stambul; and Sherlock Holmes in/and the crime fiction of Siam and Indonesia Contributors: Amina Azza Bekkat; Thomas de Bruijn; Matthew Isaac Cohen; Rasheed El-Enany; Keith Foulcher; Saddik M. Gohar; Rachel Harrison; Doris Jedamski; Ursula Lies; Daniela Merolla; Evan Mwangi; Guzel Vladimirovna Strelkova; Anna Suvorova; U Win Pe

Hindustani Traces in Malay Ghazal

Download Hindustani Traces in Malay Ghazal PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1443899984
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (438 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Hindustani Traces in Malay Ghazal by : Gisa Jähnichen

Download or read book Hindustani Traces in Malay Ghazal written by Gisa Jähnichen and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2016-09-23 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ‘A song, so old and yet still famous’ is a Malay expression of admiration for an exotic singing style, a musical contemplation on the beauty of nature, God, and love. The ghazal exists in manifold cultures all over Asia, Africa, and Southern Europe, and is intimately connected to Islam and its periphery. In each region, ghazals have been shaped into other expressions using imported features and transforming them into ‘local art’. In the Malay world, ghazals come in various shapes and with different meanings. ‘The song, so old’ is the song that came before the proliferation of mass media. The first ghazals that were heard in the Malay world might have been those ghazals performed by Hindustani musicians traveling in Southeast Asia. However, later on, the ghazal’s development was additionally triggered by mass media, with technological progress enhancing change in urban entertainment and introducing new sources of further adaptations. In this context, the second half line of the lyrics mentioned, ‘and yet still famous’, means that despite being old, the song is highly regarded as an art in itself. Malay ghazals are still attractive and musically demanding. They were traditionally not performed for mass appeal, but, rather, for a small knowledgeable audience that valued musical refinement and taste.

The Komedi Bioscoop

Download The Komedi Bioscoop PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Indiana University Press
ISBN 13 : 0861969235
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (619 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Komedi Bioscoop by : Dafna Ruppin

Download or read book The Komedi Bioscoop written by Dafna Ruppin and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2016-08-01 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fascinating study of early cinema in the Netherlands Indies explores the influences of new media technology on colonial society. The Komedi Bioscoop traces the emergence of a local culture of movie-going in the Netherlands Indies (present-day Indonesia) from 1896 until 1914. It outlines the introduction of the new technology by independent touring exhibitors, the constitution of a market for moving picture shows, the embedding of moving picture exhibitions within the local popular entertainment scene, and the Dutch colonial authorities’ efforts to control film consumption and distribution. Dafna Ruppin focuses on the cinema as a social institution in which technology, race, and colonialism converged. In her illuminating study, moving picture venues in the Indies—ranging from canvas or bamboo tents to cinema palaces of brick and stone—are perceived as liminal spaces in which daily interactions across boundaries could occur within colonial Indonesia’s multi-ethnic and increasingly polarized colonial society.

Republicanism, Communism, Islam

Download Republicanism, Communism, Islam PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501755633
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Republicanism, Communism, Islam by : John T. Sidel

Download or read book Republicanism, Communism, Islam written by John T. Sidel and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2021-05-15 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Republicanism, Communism, Islam, John T. Sidel provides an alternate vantage point for understanding the variegated forms and trajectories of revolution across the Philippines, Indonesia, and Vietnam, a perspective that is de-nationalized, internationalized, and transnationalized. Sidel positions this new vantage point against the conventional framing of revolutions in modern Southeast Asian history in terms of a nationalist template, on the one hand, and distinctive local cultures and forms of consciousness, on the other. Sidel's comparative analysis shows how—in very different, decisive, and often surprising ways—the Philippine, Indonesian, and Vietnamese revolutions were informed, enabled, and impelled by diverse cosmopolitan connections and international conjunctures. Sidel addresses the role of Freemasonry in the making of the Philippine revolution, the importance of Communism and Islam in Indonesia's Revolusi, and the influence that shifting political currents in China and anticolonial movements in Africa had on Vietnamese revolutionaries. Through this assessment, Republicanism, Communism, and Islam tracks how these forces, rather than nationalism per se, shaped the forms of these revolutions, the ways in which they unfolded, and the legacies which they left in their wakes.

Inventing the Performing Arts

Download Inventing the Performing Arts PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Hawaii Press
ISBN 13 : 0824855590
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (248 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Inventing the Performing Arts by : Matthew Isaac Cohen

Download or read book Inventing the Performing Arts written by Matthew Isaac Cohen and published by University of Hawaii Press. This book was released on 2016-02-29 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Indonesia, with its mix of ethnic cultures, cosmopolitan ethos, and strong national ideology, offers a useful lens for examining the intertwining of tradition and modernity in globalized Asia. In Inventing the Performing Arts, Matthew Isaac Cohen explores the profound change in diverse arts practices from the nineteenth century until 1949. He demonstrates that modern modes of transportation and communication not only brought the Dutch colony of Indonesia into the world economy, but also stimulated the emergence of new art forms and modern attitudes to art, disembedded and remoored traditions, and hybridized foreign and local. In the nineteenth century, access to novel forms of entertainment, such as the circus, and newspapers, which offered a new language of representation and criticism, wrought fundamental changes in theatrical, musical, and choreographic practices. Musical drama disseminated print literature to largely illiterate audiences starting in the 1870s, and spoken drama in the 1920s became a vehicle for exploring social issues. Twentieth-century institutions—including night fairs, the recording industry, schools, itinerant theatre, churches, cabarets, round-the-world cruises, and amusement parks—generated new ways of making, consuming, and comprehending the performing arts. Concerned over the loss of tradition and "Eastern" values, elites codified folk arts, established cultural preservation associations, and experimented in modern stagings of ancient stories. Urban nationalists excavated the past and amalgamated ethnic cultures in dramatic productions that imagined the Indonesian nation. The Japanese occupation (1942–1945) was brief but significant in cultural impact: plays, songs, and dances promoting anti-imperialism, Asian values, and war-time austerity measures were created by Indonesian intellectuals and artists in collaboration with Japanese and Korean civilian and military personnel. Artists were registered, playscripts censored, training programs developed, and a Cultural Center established. Based on more than two decades of archival study in Indonesia, Europe, and the United States, this richly detailed, meticulously researched book demonstrates that traditional and modern artistic forms were created and conceived, that is "invented," in tandem. Intended as a general historical introduction to the performing arts in Indonesia, it will be of great interest to students and scholars of Indonesian performance, Asian traditions and modernities, global arts and culture, and local heritage.

Sjahrir

Download Sjahrir PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501718819
Total Pages : 537 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Sjahrir by : Rudolf Mrázek

Download or read book Sjahrir written by Rudolf Mrázek and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-31 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive biography of the Indonesian nationalist leader and Prime Minister of the Indonesian Republic, Sutan Sjahrir. This work is both a study of an individual and the social conditions that shaped him. The author has conducted extensive research and interviews with those who knew Sjahrir personally, politically, and by reputation.

Exhibiting Modernity and Indonesian Vernacular Architecture

Download Exhibiting Modernity and Indonesian Vernacular Architecture PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3658116056
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (581 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Exhibiting Modernity and Indonesian Vernacular Architecture by : Yulia Nurliani Lukito

Download or read book Exhibiting Modernity and Indonesian Vernacular Architecture written by Yulia Nurliani Lukito and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-16 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In her research Yulia Nurliani Lukito analyses modernity and the construction of culture by the authorities using the images of Indonesian vernacular architecture presented at three different sites and times. She argues that modernity is not solely constructed by the authorities, rather it is an ongoing process modified by visitors of exhibitions. Pasar Gambir was a laboratory of modernity for the colony, and an important stage in modernizing and negotiating cultural and social conditions in the colony. The Dutch Pavilion at the 1931 colonial exhibition became a moment when the Indies heritages played a role in marking colonial territory. Modern ethnographic park of Taman Mini gives a way to the making of an official ‘authentic’ culture and suppresses the previous Dutch construction of the Indies culture.

Islamic Connections

Download Islamic Connections PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Institute of Southeast Asian Studies
ISBN 13 : 9812309233
Total Pages : 283 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (123 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Islamic Connections by : R Michael Feener

Download or read book Islamic Connections written by R Michael Feener and published by Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. This book was released on 2009 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Well over half of the world's Muslim population lives in Asia. Over the centuries, a rich constellation of Muslim cultures developed there and the region is currently home to some of the most dynamic and important developments in contemporary Islam. Despite this, the internal dynamics of Muslim societies in Asia do not often receive commensurate attention in international Islamic Studies scholarship. This volume brings together the work of an interdisciplinary group of scholars discussing various aspects of the complex relationships between the Muslim communities of South and Southeast Asia. With their respective contributions covering points and patterns of interaction from the medieval to the contemporary periods, they attempt to map new trajectories for understanding the ways in which these two crucial areas have developed in relation to each other, as well as in the broader contexts of both world history and the current age of globalization.

Cultures at War

Download Cultures at War PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501721208
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Cultures at War by : Tony Day

Download or read book Cultures at War written by Tony Day and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-06 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cold War in Southeast Asia was a many-faceted conflict, driven by regional historical imperatives as much as by the contest between global superpowers. The essays in this book offer the most detailed and probing examination to date of the cultural dimension of the Cold War in Southeast Asia. Southeast Asian culture from the late 1940s to the late 1970s was primarily shaped by a long-standing search for national identity and independence, which took place in the context of intense rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union, with the Peoples' Republic of China emerging in 1949 as another major international competitor for influence in Southeast Asia. Based on fieldwork in Burma, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam, the essays in this collection analyze the ways in which art, literature, film, theater, spectacle, physical culture, and the popular press represented Southeast Asian responses to the Cold War and commemorated that era's violent conflicts long after tensions had subsided. Southeast Asian cultural reactions to the Cold War involved various solutions to the dilemmas of the newly independent nation-states of the region. What is common to all of the perspectives and works examined in this book is that they expressed social and aesthetic concerns that both antedated and outlasted the Cold War, ones that never became simply aligned with the ideologies of either bloc. Contributors:Francisco B. Benitez, University of Washington; Bo Bo, Burmese writer (SOAS, University of London); Michael Bodden, University of Victoria; Simon Creak, Australian National University; Gaik Cheng Khoo, Australian National University; Rachel Harrison, SOAS, University of London; Barbara Hatley, University of Tasmania; Boitran Huynh-Beattie, Asiarta Foundation; Jennifer Lindsay, Australian National University

Indisch Lexicon

Download Indisch Lexicon PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 900447532X
Total Pages : 670 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Indisch Lexicon by : P. Mingaars

Download or read book Indisch Lexicon written by P. Mingaars and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-09-13 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In het Indisch Lexicon zijn bijna 19.000 Indische woorden en begrippen, zoals ze in de Nederlandse taal vanaf ongeveer 1600 gebruikt zijn, vastgelegd, omschreven en in hun context geplaatst. Van ieder woord is de betekenis gegeven op basis van reeds bestaande Indonesische, Maleise, Javaanse, Soendanese en Nederlandse woordenboeken. Niet alleen enkelvoudige woorden maar ook samenstellingen en spellingsvarianten zijn opgenomen, met citaten uit de bron waarin het betreffende woord voorkomt. Dit lexicon is een belangrijk naslagwerk om de Indische woorden en uitdrukkingen die langzaam uit ons collectieve geheugen verdwijnen, vast te houden, weer tot leven te wekken en te verklaren binnen hun semantische en culturele context. Let op: bijgaande CD functioneert niet op Windows Vista en opvolgende besturingssystemen.

Film and Comic Books

Download Film and Comic Books PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Univ. Press of Mississippi
ISBN 13 : 1628468688
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (284 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Film and Comic Books by : Ian Gordon

Download or read book Film and Comic Books written by Ian Gordon and published by Univ. Press of Mississippi. This book was released on 2010-01-06 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributions by Timothy P. Barnard, Michael Cohen, Rayna Denison, Martin Flanagan, Sophie Geoffroy-Menoux, Mel Gibson, Kerry Gough, Jonathan Gray, Craig Hight, Derek Johnson, Pascal Lefevre, Paul M. Malone, Neil Rae, Aldo J. Regalado, Jan van der Putten, and David Wilt In Film and Comic Books contributors analyze the problems of adapting one medium to another; the translation of comics aesthetics into film; audience expectations, reception, and reaction to comic book-based films; and the adaptation of films into comics. A wide range of comic/film adaptations are explored, including superheroes (Spider-Man), comic strips (Dick Tracy), realist and autobiographical comics (American Splendor; Ghost World), and photo-montage comics (Mexico's El Santo). Essayists discuss films beginning with the 1978 Superman. That success led filmmakers to adapt a multitude of comic books for the screen including Marvel's Uncanny X-Men, the Amazing Spider-Man, Blade, and the Incredible Hulk as well as alternative graphic novels such as From Hell, V for Vendetta, and Road to Perdition. Essayists also discuss recent works from Mexico, France, Germany, and Malaysia.

Interpreting Diversity: Europe and the Malay World

Download Interpreting Diversity: Europe and the Malay World PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1315471671
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (154 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Interpreting Diversity: Europe and the Malay World by : Christina Skott

Download or read book Interpreting Diversity: Europe and the Malay World written by Christina Skott and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-04-19 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume departs from conventional historiography concerned with colonialism in the Malay world, by turning to the use of knowledge generated by European presence in the region. The aim here is to map the ways in which European observers and scholars interpreted the ethnic, linguistic and cultural diversity which has been seen as a hallmark of Southeast Asia. With a chronological scope of the eighteenth to the early twentieth century, contributors examine not only European writing on the Malay world, but the complex origins of various forms of knowledge, dependent on local agency but always closely intertwined with contemporary metropolitan scientific and scholarly ideas. Knowledge of the peoples, languages and music of the Malay world, it is argued, came to inform and shape European scholarship within a variety of areas, such as Enlightenment science and anthropology, ideas of human progress, philological theory, ethnomusicology and emerging theories of race. But this volume also contributes to ongoing debates within the region, by discussing ideas about the Malay language and definitions of ‘Malayness’. The last chapters of the book present a reversed viewpoint, in examinations of how local cultural forms, theatrical traditions and literature were reshaped and given new meaning through encounters with cosmopolitanism and perceived modernity. This book was previously published as a special issue of Indonesia and the Malay World.

Ekranisasi Awal

Download Ekranisasi Awal PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : UGM PRESS
ISBN 13 : 6023862624
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (238 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Ekranisasi Awal by : Christopher A. Woodrich

Download or read book Ekranisasi Awal written by Christopher A. Woodrich and published by UGM PRESS. This book was released on 2018-05-29 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the early 20th century, the Dutch East Indies was a colony in flux. Greater access to education meant an increasingly literate financial elite and, thus, a burgeoning literary industry. The lower class, meanwhile, found its entertainment in stage performances—oral literature often loosely adapted from famous novels. The film industry itself was attempting to find a successful formula, and in its early years faced heavy competition from the theatre. Educated women called for women’s rights and protection of women’s welfare as the economy began to transform from one based on the production of raw goods to one based in manufacturing. In this turbulent background, the social act of adapting films from novels emerged. This phenomenon began in 1927 with the adaptation of Eulis Atjih by G. Krugers and ended in 1942—before the Japanese occupation—with the adaptation of Siti Noerbaja by Lie Tek Swie. A total of eleven films were adapted from eight novels in the Indies. Only one author had multiple works adapted, and two novels were adapted more than once. The nine producers and directors involved in adapting novels came from a variety of ethnicities. The works adapted, meanwhile, were generally popular in wide society—though often best known through stage performances and adaptations. The adaptation process from this period has been little understood, yet important for understanding the history of screen adaptations, which are quickly becoming the most lucrative type of film in Indonesia. This exciting new contribution sheds light on the obscure history of film adaptation in Indonesia and lays the groundwork for further research. [UGM Press, UGM, Gadjah Mada University Press]